﻿Scopus
EXPORT DATE: 12 June 2025

@ARTICLE{von Schnurbein2023473,
	author = {von Schnurbein, Georg and Hollenstein, Eva and Arnold, Nicholas and Liberatore, Florian},
	title = {Together Yet Apart: Remedies for Tensions Between Volunteers and Health Care Professionals in Inter-professional Collaboration},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {Voluntas},
	volume = {34},
	number = {3},
	pages = {473 – 485},
	doi = {10.1007/s11266-022-00492-5},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85128473693&doi=10.1007%2fs11266-022-00492-5&partnerID=40&md5=2327fe8484a32bc2c63223c484d91974},
	affiliations = {Center for Philanthropy Studies (CEPS), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Swiss Centre for International Health, Swiss TPH, Basel, Switzerland; Winterthur Institute of Health Economics (WIG), School of Management and Law, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland},
	abstract = {While volunteering is an essential factor in service delivery in many societal areas, the inclusion of volunteers in formal settings can also lead to tensions. In this article, we combine the literature on volunteering and inter-professional collaboration (IPC) to elaborate a framework regarding remedies for tensions between professional staff and volunteers within IPC in health care provision to ensure successful collaboration. Using a dyadic survey design to interview volunteers and volunteer managers, we show that the perspectives of volunteers and volunteer managers on the antecedents of effective IPC differ in paradoxical ways. While volunteer managers apply organizational logic concerning tasks and processes to avoid tensions, volunteers seek solutions on a relational basis. However, rather than trying to resolve these paradoxes, our study indicates that carefully managing tensions arising between volunteers and professional staff may be more successful than trying to resolve all tensions. © 2022, The Author(s).},
	author_keywords = {Dyadic perspectives; Health care provision; Inter-professional care; Inter-professional collaboration; Volunteer coproduction; Volunteer work; Volunteers},
	keywords = {health care; health services; health worker; local participation; participatory approach; survey},
	correspondence_address = {G. von Schnurbein; Center for Philanthropy Studies (CEPS), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; email: georg.vonschnurbein@unibas.ch},
	publisher = {Springer},
	issn = {09578765},
	coden = {VOLUE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Voluntas},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 4; All Open Access, Green Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Ferreira20241,
	author = {Ferreira, Inês M.},
	title = {Best practice in volunteer management in archives: analyzing two organizations},
	year = {2024},
	journal = {Archives and Records},
	volume = {45},
	number = {1},
	pages = {1 – 18},
	doi = {10.1080/23257962.2023.2166470},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85151997419&doi=10.1080%2f23257962.2023.2166470&partnerID=40&md5=628078d6f6be19a74bceaebb32f18b37},
	affiliations = {Department of Information Studies, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {This investigation analyzes the volunteer management programmes of two British archival institutions against best practice, taking into consideration the perspectives of both volunteer managers and the volunteers themselves. Results show that, in both cases, despite the variety of measures adopted to attract volunteers, word of mouth and individual initiative are the most effective. Volunteer training and supervision are consolidated and positively received by all volunteers, while more resources should be invested in team incorporation. Overall, it was found that the institutions plan and act according to what they know motivates their volunteers, which proves to be successful considering that most volunteers have been with each organization for over one year. It can be concluded that by following best practice the institutions are equipped with thoroughly planned volunteer management programmes, created and adapted according to the institutions’ goals and resources, and their volunteers’ motivations, expectations, and interests. © 2023 Archives and Records Association.},
	author_keywords = {archives; best practice; Volunteer management; volunteering},
	correspondence_address = {I.M. Ferreira; Department of Information Studies, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom; email: ines.m.ferreira@live.com.pt},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {23257962},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Arch. Rec.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1}
}

@ARTICLE{Bang202520,
	author = {Bang, Hyejin and Smith, Nicholas P. and Park, Sung Eun and Lee, Cindy},
	title = {Perceived Quality and Organizational Support for Enhancing Volunteers’ Leisure Satisfaction and Civic Engagement: A Case of the 2020 Super Bowl},
	year = {2025},
	journal = {Leisure Sciences},
	volume = {47},
	number = {1},
	pages = {20 – 41},
	doi = {10.1080/01490400.2022.2060883},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85129152669&doi=10.1080%2f01490400.2022.2060883&partnerID=40&md5=8bbe302f01e8ead6e133dc15f6e3369b},
	affiliations = {Department of Counseling, Recreation, and School Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States; Sorrell College of Business, School of Hospitality, Sport, & Tourism Management, Troy University, Troy, AL, United States; School of Universal Computing, Construction, and Engineering Education, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States; College of Applied Human Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States},
	abstract = {This study aimed to investigate the effects of perceived quality of sporting event and perceived organizational support (POS) on volunteers’ leisure satisfaction with their volunteering experience and the effect of volunteers’ leisure satisfaction on their civic participation attitudes and future volunteering intention and to examine differences in first-time and experienced sport event volunteers in the relationships between the study’s variables. Data were collected from 709 volunteers at the 2020 Super Bowl. Results showed that volunteers’ perceived event quality and POS predicted their six leisure satisfaction dimensions (i.e., psychological, educational, social, relaxation, physiological, and esthetic). Educational and social dimensions influenced volunteers’ civic participation while psychological and social affected their intention to continue volunteering. The results also revealed significant differences between first-time volunteers and experienced volunteers in the effect of POS on esthetic, educational, psychological, and social dimensions. The findings offer insights into how volunteer management practices can address volunteers’ leisure satisfaction. © 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.},
	author_keywords = {civic attitudes; future intention; leisure satisfaction; organizational support; quality of event; Sport mega-event volunteers},
	keywords = {altruism; education; social impact; social participation; sport},
	correspondence_address = {H. Bang; Department of Counseling, Recreation, and School Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, 11200 SW 8th Street, ZEB 339A, United States; email: bangh@fiu.edu},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {01490400},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Leis. Sci.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 4}
}

@ARTICLE{Henderson2023223,
	author = {Henderson, Alexander C. and Sowa, Jessica},
	title = {Creating Cohesive Volunteer Groups: The Role of Group Identification in Volunteer Fire Services},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {Public Administration Quarterly},
	volume = {47},
	number = {2},
	pages = {223 – 246},
	doi = {10.37808/paq.47.2.7},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85178888186&doi=10.37808%2fpaq.47.2.7&partnerID=40&md5=8d063c5ac87e18ec59600153c5d6d624},
	affiliations = {Marist College, United States; University of Delaware, United States},
	abstract = {Critical services are delivered to the public through collaborative or group activity, and building the skills to work effectively with others is arguably an essential core competency for those serving the public through nonprofit organizations. This article examines the question of how to foster effective groups when members of those groups are volunteers who engage in complex and dangerous work with low control over their job environments—volunteer firefighters. Using survey data from firefighters, we explore the question of how volunteers view their group experience— the degree to which they perceive cohesive groups through dimensions of affective, behavioral, and cognitive group identification —and what factors impact this group identification. Results indicate that transformational leadership impacts both affective and cognitive identification, while participation efficacy impacts behavioral and cognitive group identification. Extensive and collective group training experiences have a positive effect on all three types of identification. The article concludes with discussion and implications for nonprofit and volunteer management and how to harness these identification processes to build more cohesive volunteer groups. © 2022 SPAEF.},
	author_keywords = {firefighters; Group identification; leadership; volunteers},
	publisher = {Southern Public Administration Education Foundation},
	issn = {07349149},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Publ. Adm. Quart.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 3; All Open Access, Bronze Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Winterton2025,
	author = {Winterton, Rachel and Leone, Carmela and Chisholm, Marita},
	title = {Rural Stakeholder Perspectives on Engaging People Living With Dementia as Volunteers},
	year = {2025},
	journal = {Health and Social Care in the Community},
	volume = {2025},
	number = {1},
	doi = {10.1155/hsc/7611940},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-105000774395&doi=10.1155%2fhsc%2f7611940&partnerID=40&md5=70dbb2dbfb3381cbdaa6fcf062b1f078},
	affiliations = {John Richards Centre for Rural Ageing Research, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, Australia},
	abstract = {This qualitative study explores enablers and barriers experienced by rural community organisations in engaging people living with dementia as volunteers. Semi structured, qualitative interviews were conducted with 13 individuals responsible for managing volunteers within rural and regional organisations in Victoria, Australia. Participants identified three primary factors associated with ability to engage people living with dementia as volunteers within their organisations: ability to provide suitable volunteer roles for people living with dementia, ability to resource support and ability to manage disclosure and progression. These factors were mediated by characteristics of organisational and volunteer program environments, and the attitudes and capacities of volunteers living with dementia. Findings indicate that while possible, engagement of volunteers living with dementia is potentially not achievable in all rural community settings and is contingent on flexible volunteer programs and experienced volunteer management, provision of resources to support volunteers and changing attitudes toward capacity of people living with dementia. Copyright © 2025 Rachel Winterton et al. Health & Social Care in the Community published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.},
	author_keywords = {civic participation; dementia; rural; social citizenship; volunteering},
	correspondence_address = {R. Winterton; John Richards Centre for Rural Ageing Research, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Australia; email: r.winterton@latrobe.edu.au},
	publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Ltd},
	issn = {09660410},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Health Soc. Care Community},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0; All Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Ramella2024352,
	author = {Ramella, Kelly J. and Wilson, Rory},
	title = {Cultivating community-engaged pedagogy: a case study exploring student choices with community-based organizations in a volunteer management course},
	year = {2024},
	journal = {Journal of Community Practice},
	volume = {32},
	number = {3},
	pages = {352 – 364},
	doi = {10.1080/10705422.2024.2385619},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85200023968&doi=10.1080%2f10705422.2024.2385619&partnerID=40&md5=4559d8d1fd7f9c1bd67f6baefff558b4},
	affiliations = {Watts College of Public Service and Community Solutions, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States},
	abstract = {Educators teaching at community-engaged universities can benefit from learning best practices to prepare 21st century citizens. This case study explores why undergraduate students in an online volunteer management course select an organization to complete a community-engaged learning activity. Theory-based teaching strategies integrating the characteristics of quality community-engaged learning are outlined. Qualitative analysis of student reflections resulted in six categories representing student choices including: social connections, exploring interests, positive human connection, organizational engagement, aligning values, and commitment to the cause. The lessons learned can help educators enhance students’ learning by nurturing diverse community connections, establishing student-centered course goals, and constructing significant learning strategies. © 2024 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.},
	author_keywords = {Autonomy-support; choice; civic learning; community-engagement; partnerships; pedagogy; self-determination; undergraduate students},
	keywords = {adult; article; best practice; case study; community; human; learning; motivation; pedagogics; qualitative analysis; student; teaching; therapy; undergraduate student; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {K.J. Ramella; Watts College of Public Service and Community Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, 411 N. Central Avenue, Suite 550, 85004, United States; email: kelly.ramella@asu.edu},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {10705422},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Community Pract.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1}
}

@ARTICLE{Walk2022492,
	author = {Walk, Marlene and Scott, Charity and Littlepage, Laura},
	title = {It’s Not All the Same: Implemented and Perceived HR Practices in the Volunteer Context},
	year = {2022},
	journal = {Review of Public Personnel Administration},
	volume = {42},
	number = {3},
	pages = {492 – 513},
	doi = {10.1177/0734371X21994631},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85101043923&doi=10.1177%2f0734371X21994631&partnerID=40&md5=2c720edaf26166e316f98a9c45b95478},
	affiliations = {Indiana University-Purdue University, IN, United States; The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States; Indiana University Bloomington, IN, United States},
	abstract = {Being strategic and intentional in the management of volunteers is increasingly important to tackle volunteer retention and improve other volunteer outcomes. Drawing on strategic human resource management (SHRM), this inductive study utilizes qualitative data from interviews to explore how volunteers in a large youth organization perceive HR practices of training and recognition. Volunteer accounts are supplemented with focus group data from front-line staff to capture how HR practices are implemented. Findings indicate a disconnect between implemented and perceived HR practices in some, but not all, areas. Inconsistent and unintentional communication was the main driver for negative volunteer perceptions. © The Author(s) 2021.},
	author_keywords = {communication; HR practices; perceptions; strategic human resource management; volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {M. Walk; Indiana University-Purdue University, United States; email: mwalk@iupui.edu},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
	issn = {0734371X},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Rev. Public Pers. Adm.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 8; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Frings-Hessami2025180,
	author = {Frings-Hessami, Viviane and Henderson, Zoe},
	title = {Recordkeeping needs and capabilities of small migrant community organisations run by volunteers},
	year = {2025},
	journal = {Records Management Journal},
	volume = {35},
	number = {2},
	pages = {180 – 192},
	doi = {10.1108/RMJ-01-2024-0003},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85216300628&doi=10.1108%2fRMJ-01-2024-0003&partnerID=40&md5=e410964b326026a152d8ba96ac81eb9e},
	affiliations = {Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia},
	abstract = {Purpose: This paper aims to present the findings from a qualitative study of recordkeeping needs and capabilities in four small migrant community organisations run by volunteers. Design/methodology/approach: The authors conducted eight semi-structured interviews and two workshops with leaders and people responsible for creating and managing records in four small migrant community organisations in Australia to understand the records that they create and the problems they encounter in managing these records. Findings: The research revealed a wide variety in the recordkeeping competencies and the digital skills in the four community organisations. The organisations focus their efforts on financial records, which they manage relatively well in the short term, but they have no strategy in place to preserve records for the long term. Practical implications: Simple recordkeeping guidelines that focus on the basics and can be adapted to different socio-cultural contexts and levels of technological expertise should be developed for community organisations that rely on volunteers to manage their records. Originality/value: The findings from this research provide a unique contribution to the records management literature, which previously had not paid much attention to how small community organisations run by volunteers manage their records. © 2025, Emerald Publishing Limited.},
	author_keywords = {Community organisations; Recordkeeping guidelines; Volunteers},
	publisher = {Emerald Publishing},
	issn = {09565698},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Rec. Manage. J.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Mason2022641,
	author = {Mason, Dyana P. and Chen, Li-Wei and Lall, Saurabh A.},
	title = {Can Institutional Support Improve Volunteer Quality? An Analysis of Online Volunteer Mentors},
	year = {2022},
	journal = {Voluntas},
	volume = {33},
	number = {3},
	pages = {641 – 655},
	doi = {10.1007/s11266-021-00351-9},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85104429495&doi=10.1007%2fs11266-021-00351-9&partnerID=40&md5=7aff7b3abf19731b824239d5b3c18116},
	affiliations = {School of Planning, Public Policy and Management, University of Oregon, Eugene, United States; Strome College of Business, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, United States},
	abstract = {Volunteer management practices have been shown to have positive effects on employees in terms of skill development, job success, organizational identity, and morale in the public, nonprofit, and corporate sectors. Despite considerable research on volunteering, questions remain about how management practices of volunteer programs may affect volunteer performance. Leveraging data comparing self-enrolled and corporate-recruited volunteer mentors into a large-scale online program for entrepreneurs, this study measures the impact of institutional support on volunteer intensity, persistence, and quality. It also presents a novel way to measure volunteer quality through sentiment analysis to measure the tone of online messages, an emerging statistical technique. Findings suggest that a high level of institutional support leads to higher quality mentor engagement, compared to self-enrolled volunteers, while a low level of support leads to mentor quality much lower than self-enrolled volunteers. © 2021, International Society for Third-Sector Research.},
	author_keywords = {Entrepreneurs; Mentoring; Nonprofit; Volunteering},
	keywords = {corporate strategy; entrepreneur; management practice; nonprofit organization; public sector},
	correspondence_address = {D.P. Mason; School of Planning, Public Policy and Management, University of Oregon, Eugene, United States; email: dmason@uoregon.edu},
	publisher = {Springer},
	issn = {09578765},
	coden = {VOLUE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Voluntas},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 4}
}

@ARTICLE{Zhigang2022,
	author = {Zhigang, Wang and Yingfei, Liu and Jinyao, Zhang and Xintao, Liu and Hongyan, Duan and Lei, Zhang},
	title = {How Sports Event Volunteer Management Affects Volunteers’ Satisfaction and Engagement: The Mediating Role of Social Capital},
	year = {2022},
	journal = {SAGE Open},
	volume = {12},
	number = {2},
	doi = {10.1177/21582440221101036},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85132356675&doi=10.1177%2f21582440221101036&partnerID=40&md5=a3860a02209049e8ba9677dd54e8ab02},
	affiliations = {Wuhan Sports University, China; Wuhan University, China},
	abstract = {This study investigated the role of social capital in the relationship between sports event volunteer management and volunteers’ attitude and behavior. Social capital was discovered to mediate the relationships of sports event volunteer management with volunteers’ satisfaction and work engagement. These relationships were empirically examined by conducting a survey of 303 volunteers from the 2016 Wuhan Open and 2016 Wuhan Marathon. The results revealed that sports event management practices, namely training and working conditions, significantly affected the volunteers’ social capital. The social capital of the sports event volunteers significantly affected their satisfaction and work engagement. The volunteers’ social capital promoted their satisfaction and engagement only if sports event volunteer management practices effectively enhanced their social capital. This study provides recommendations to help sports event organizers motivate volunteers. © The Author(s) 2022.},
	author_keywords = {engagement; satisfaction; social capital; sports event; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {W. Zhigang; Wuhan Sports University, China; email: wzg771102@163.com},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
	issn = {21582440},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {SAGE Open},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 7}
}

@ARTICLE{Xia2024,
	author = {Xia, Fangyu and Xu, Ye and Zhang, Xiaolu},
	title = {Inspiring sport event volunteer engagement and sense of pride: the importance of organisational environmental factors},
	year = {2024},
	journal = {Leisure Studies},
	doi = {10.1080/02614367.2024.2383441},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85199751530&doi=10.1080%2f02614367.2024.2383441&partnerID=40&md5=78327058fd6e84d123f4bf392c945916},
	affiliations = {Faculty of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao},
	abstract = {The success of sport events is closely related to volunteer dedication. Sport event organisations must recognise volunteers’ needs and motivate and retain loyal volunteers. However, the approach to motivate sport event volunteers and the role of consistent values, beliefs, and affiliation needs in guiding volunteers’ performance in event duties remain unexplored. This study explored the role of organisational environmental factors in influencing volunteers’ engagement, sense of pride, and intent to continue volunteering. A theoretical model was constructed to verify their inner relations by incorporating person–environment fit, social exchange, and social identity theories. Data were collected from 452 volunteers who participated in two marathon races in China and analysed using structural equation modelling with SmartPLS 4.0. The findings show that perceived organisational support has a positive impact on individual–organisation value congruence and volunteer engagement, thus jointly boosting volunteers’ sense of pride and intent. These findings expand theoretical understanding on the psychological mechanisms of volunteer sport events and optimising volunteer management. © 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.},
	author_keywords = {continued volunteering intention; individual–organisation value congruence; perceived organisational support; sense of pride; Sport event organisation; volunteer engagement},
	correspondence_address = {Y. Xu; Faculty of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao; email: yxu@must.edu.mo},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {02614367},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Leis. Stud.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Article in press},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1}
}

@ARTICLE{Yuan2025,
	author = {Yuan, Shujie and Zhao, Zengzhen},
	title = {Do altruistic tendencies lead to the persistence of voluntary behavior? A moderated mediation analysis},
	year = {2025},
	journal = {Frontiers in Psychology},
	volume = {16},
	doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1553888},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-105002657719&doi=10.3389%2ffpsyg.2025.1553888&partnerID=40&md5=30ab313375d86ab3dbda30ad01d34cbd},
	affiliations = {Department of Psychology, Huangshan University, Huangshan, China; Student Affairs Department, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China},
	abstract = {Background: In the postpandemic period, more attention has been given to the sustainability of volunteering in China. Do altruistic tendencies lead to the persistence of voluntary behavior in collectivistic culture? This study examined the relationship between altruistic tendencies and the persistence of voluntary behavior as well as the mediating effect of affective organizational commitment and the moderating effect of psychological collectivism. Methods: A two-wave study was conducted among 423 young volunteers in the Yangtze River Delta from February through April 2024. Model 4 and Model 7 from the SPSS macro PROCESS were used to test the model. Results: The sample data collected supported all the hypotheses. Specifically, the findings revealed that altruistic tendencies positively predicted the persistence of voluntary behavior among young volunteers. Affective organizational commitment partially mediated the relationship between altruistic tendencies and the persistence of voluntary behavior. Psychological collectivism positively moderated the relationship between altruistic tendency and affective organizational commitment and played a positive moderating role in the first half of the mediating path. Discussion: This study tested a moderated mediation framework in collectivistic culture. It revealed the mechanism underlying the influence of altruistic tendencies on the persistence of voluntary behavior, thus identifying important implications concerning the effective guidance of voluntary behavior and volunteer management. Copyright © 2025 Yuan and Zhao.},
	author_keywords = {affective organizational commitment; altruistic tendency; persistence of voluntary behavior; psychological collectivism; relationship},
	correspondence_address = {Z. Zhao; Student Affairs Department, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; email: 3968245368@qq.com},
	publisher = {Frontiers Media SA},
	issn = {16641078},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Front. Psychol.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Hu2022308,
	author = {Hu, Ming},
	title = {Does the Organizer Matter in Volunteer Involvement? A Cross-Sectoral Comparison of Eldercare Volunteers in Beijing},
	year = {2022},
	journal = {Voluntas},
	volume = {33},
	number = {2},
	pages = {308 – 321},
	doi = {10.1007/s11266-020-00305-7},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85098969133&doi=10.1007%2fs11266-020-00305-7&partnerID=40&md5=6bacd295b0a54591fb761564b15ce136},
	affiliations = {Department of Social Work and Social Policy, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Ave, Heren Building 356, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China},
	abstract = {While rich literature examines the relationship between volunteers and volunteer organizations, cross-sectoral difference in volunteer involvement remains under-researched. Most previous studies addressed primarily nonprofit organizations but paid inadequate attention to the increasing diversity of volunteer involving organizations such as governments, corporations, and professional associations in the past years. Conducting 441 surveys with eldercare volunteers in Beijing, China, this study compares volunteer involvement between the four major categories of volunteer organizers, including public institutions, neighborhood organizations, nonprofit organizations, and enterprises. It finds that there were no significant cross-sectoral differences among the volunteers both in their perception of volunteering and in their intent to remain with their current organizers, controlling for their personal characteristics. However, the cross-sectoral differences in volunteers’ motivation, participation, and some satisfaction aspects were significant. This study reveals a great variation of sectoral difference in volunteer involvement and concludes with implications and suggestions for future research. © 2021, International Society for Third-Sector Research.},
	author_keywords = {Chinese volunteering; Eldercare volunteer; Nonprofit organization; Volunteer management; Volunteer organization},
	keywords = {Beijing [China]; China; elderly care; elderly population; future prospect; nonprofit organization; public sector; voluntary approach},
	correspondence_address = {M. Hu; Department of Social Work and Social Policy, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 163 Xianlin Ave, Heren Building 356, Jiangsu, China; email: mhu37@nju.edu.cn},
	publisher = {Springer},
	issn = {09578765},
	coden = {VOLUE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Voluntas},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Grotz2024122,
	author = {Grotz, Jurgen and Armstrong, Lindsay and Edwards, Heather and Jones, Aileen and Locke, Michael and Smith, Laurel and Speed, Ewen and Birt, Linda},
	title = {Pandemic policymaking affecting older adult volunteers during and after the COVID-19 public health crisis in the four nations of the UK},
	year = {2024},
	journal = {Quality in Ageing and Older Adults},
	volume = {25},
	number = {2},
	pages = {122 – 131},
	doi = {10.1108/QAOA-11-2022-0067},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85189036989&doi=10.1108%2fQAOA-11-2022-0067&partnerID=40&md5=92f53c3c032561074c4b4139d4d65d33},
	affiliations = {Institute for Volunteering Research, The University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom; Volunteer Now, Belfast, United Kingdom; Come Singing, Norwich, United Kingdom; Riding for the Disabled Association, Fife, United Kingdom; Institute for Volunteering Research, Norwich, United Kingdom; National Trust, Swindon, United Kingdom; University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom; University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {Purpose: This study aims to critically examine the effects of COVID-19 social discourses and policy decisions specifically on older adult volunteers in the UK, comparing the responses and their effects in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, providing perspectives on effects of policy changes designed to reduce risk of infection as a result of COVID-19, specifically on volunteer involvement of and for older adults, and understand, from the perspectives of volunteer managers, how COVID-19 restrictions had impacted older people’s volunteering and situating this within statutory public health policies. Design/methodology/approach: The study uses a critical discourse approach to explore, compare and contrast accounts of volunteering of and for older people in policy, and then compare the discourses within policy documents with the discourses in personal accounts of volunteering in health and social care settings in the four nations of the UK. This paper is co-produced in collaboration with co-authors who have direct experience with volunteer involvement responses and their impact on older people. Findings: The prevailing overall policy approach during the pandemic was that risk of morbidity and mortality to older people was too high to permit them to participate in volunteering activities. Disenfranchising of older people, as exemplified in volunteer involvement, was remarkably uniform across the four nations of the UK. However, the authors find that despite, rather than because of policy changes, older volunteers, as part of, or with the help of, volunteer involving organisations, are taking time to think and to reconsider their involvement and are renewing their volunteer involvement with associated health benefits. Research limitations/implications: Working with participants as co-authors helps to ensure the credibility of results in that there was agreement in the themes identified and the conclusions. A limitation of this study lies in the sampling method, as a convenience sample was used and there is only representation from one organisation in each of the four nations. Originality/value: The paper combines existing knowledge about volunteer involvement of and for older adults. © 2024, Emerald Publishing Limited.},
	author_keywords = {Ageing; Devolved policy; Health and social care; NHS; Pandemic; UK; Volunteering; Well-being},
	correspondence_address = {J. Grotz; Institute for Volunteering Research, The University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom; email: j.grotz@uea.ac.uk},
	publisher = {Emerald Publishing},
	issn = {14717794},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Qual. Ageing Older Adults},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Faletehan2023238,
	author = {Faletehan, Aun Falestien and van Burg, Elco},
	title = {“We will not pay you, but God will remunerate”: the paradox of volunteer transcendental rewards in faith-based organizations},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {Journal of Religion and Spirituality in Social Work},
	volume = {42},
	number = {2},
	pages = {238 – 258},
	doi = {10.1080/15426432.2022.2138681},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85141429543&doi=10.1080%2f15426432.2022.2138681&partnerID=40&md5=22ea30ccaf7224b1b1b56d116f3fd2f7},
	affiliations = {Department of Da’wah Management, UIN Sunan Ampel, Surabaya, Indonesia; School of Business and Economics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands},
	abstract = {In the slim body of literature on the paradoxes of volunteer management, this study explores how transcendental rewards generate a paradox in faith-based organizations (FBOs). Instead of providing monetary rewards, FBOs promise their volunteers transcendental rewards. Based on four Indonesian FBOs, we introduce this specific paradox by juxtaposing volunteer retention and volunteer rewards management. At the individual level, the logics of both material and transcendental rewards exist side by side. These two different logics also interact at the organizational level between volunteers and managers. In turn, volunteers perceive two contradictory self-images: as sincere or as materialistic persons. Relatedly, FBO practices can be regarded as either nurturing individual spiritual development or are sometimes framed as exploiting the transcendental for material gain. We find that religious volunteers appear to accept the paradox, living with its consequences, and FBOs navigate the paradox as a tool to retain their volunteers. © 2022 Taylor & Francis.},
	author_keywords = {faith-based organizations; paradox; Transcendental rewards; volunteer retention},
	keywords = {adult; article; faith-based organization; female; human; human experiment; male; manager; monetary reward; reward},
	correspondence_address = {A.F. Faletehan; Department of Da’wah Management, UIN Sunan Ampel, Surabaya, Indonesia; email: aunfalestien@uinsby.ac.id},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {15426432},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Relig. Spirit. Soc. Work},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 2; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Duursma2024319,
	author = {Duursma, Geesje and Losekoot, Erwin and De Jong, Gjalt},
	title = {Welcoming volunteers: A case study on supporting hospitable behaviours in hospitals},
	year = {2024},
	journal = {Hospitality and Society},
	volume = {14},
	number = {3},
	pages = {319 – 342},
	doi = {10.1386/hosp_00085_1},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85212952593&doi=10.1386%2fhosp_00085_1&partnerID=40&md5=490be3ab8b4f8c30a0113fbf2252a5ab},
	affiliations = {Schoolstraat 84, Burgum, 9251 ED, Netherlands; Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, 6027, WA, Australia; University of Groningen, Campus Fryslân, Wirdumerdijk 34, Leeuwarden, 8911 CE, Netherlands},
	abstract = {Hospitality has been researched in many settings across domestic, commercial and not-for-profit organizations. The role of volunteers in hospital settings has become more important in recent years. This study investigates how management can foster and maintain hospitable behaviour by host volunteers and what factors facilitate or hinder hospitable behaviour. The case study took place in a public hospital in the northern part of the Netherlands and used academic literature from hospitality, volunteering and organizational (safety) culture fields. Sixteen interviews were conducted with hospital management, volunteer managers and the volunteers themselves. Thematic analysis was used based on themes derived from the literature and emerging from the interviews. Findings show that hospitable behaviour, particularly in welcoming gestures, is often taken for granted, that managers and volunteers each have their own interpretation of hospitality and that there are three different levels and goals for hospitality within the hospital organization: strategic, tactical and operational hospitality. Due to different motives, expectations and interpretations of hospitality at those three levels, ‘hospitension’ can arise. The systems and structures of the hospital also provide a self-reinforcing culture of (in)hospitality. These are all areas on which hospital management can have an impact, providing opportunities for further research. © 2024 Intellect Ltd Article. English language. https://doi.org/10.1386/hosp_00085_1},
	author_keywords = {culture; healthcare; hospitality; management; organization; volunteers},
	publisher = {Intellect Ltd.},
	issn = {20427913},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Hosp. Soc.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Rozmiarek2024,
	author = {Rozmiarek, Mateusz},
	title = {Nutritional Education Needs and Preferences of Sports Volunteers: Access, Expectations, and Forms of Support},
	year = {2024},
	journal = {Nutrients },
	volume = {16},
	number = {20},
	doi = {10.3390/nu16203568},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85207647831&doi=10.3390%2fnu16203568&partnerID=40&md5=3a5fb3581b6b34a8e65105c13a51be93},
	affiliations = {Department of Sports Tourism, Faculty of Physical Culture Sciences, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, 61-871, Poland},
	abstract = {The aim of this study was to analyze the needs and preferences of sports volunteers regarding nutritional education, with particular emphasis on the availability of educational materials and expectations towards event organizers. The methodology was grounded in a qualitative approach, employing detailed individual interviews (IDIs) with seventeen volunteers (n = 17) who were actively involved in various sporting events, including races, triathlons, and athletic competitions at local, national, and international levels. This sample size was justified as it was sufficient to achieve data saturation, meaning no new significant themes emerged after these interviews. The results indicate that most participants feel a lack of access to reliable information about nutrition, with 70% (n = 12) indicating a need for educational materials, which limits their ability to make informed dietary decisions. Volunteers expect event organizers to provide educational materials and prefer a variety of practical forms of education, such as interactive workshops and accessible online resources. While the volunteers expressed a desire for improved nutritional education, further investigation is needed to establish a direct link between this education and potential enhancements in their performance and well-being. For this reason, greater attention should be paid to the nutritional education of volunteers, which is a key element of their preparation to work in high-stress and physically intense conditions. © 2024 by the author.},
	author_keywords = {diet; dietary preferences; interviews; nutrition; nutritional education; qualitative research; sport; sports event management; volunteer management; volunteering},
	keywords = {Adult; Female; Health Education; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Needs Assessment; Qualitative Research; Sports; Sports Nutritional Sciences; Volunteers; Young Adult; adult; article; clinical article; competition; diet; education; expectation; female; human; interview; male; nutrition; nutrition education; physiological stress; qualitative research; sample size; sport; sporting event; triathlon; volunteer; workshop; attitude to health; health education; middle aged; needs assessment; nutritional science; procedures; psychology; qualitative research; volunteer; young adult},
	correspondence_address = {M. Rozmiarek; Department of Sports Tourism, Faculty of Physical Culture Sciences, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, 61-871, Poland; email: rozmiarek@awf.poznan.pl},
	publisher = {Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)},
	issn = {20726643},
	pmid = {39458562},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nutrients},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1; All Open Access, Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{McGlinchey2022652,
	author = {McGlinchey, Tamsin and Mason, Stephen R and Smeding, Ruthmarijke and Goosensen, Anne and Ruiz-Torreras, Inmaculada and Haugen, Dagny Faksvåg and Bakan, Miša and Ellershaw, John E},
	title = {ILIVE Project Volunteer study. Developing international consensus for a European Core Curriculum for hospital end-of-life-care volunteer services, to train volunteers to support patients in the last weeks of life: A Delphi study},
	year = {2022},
	journal = {Palliative Medicine},
	volume = {36},
	number = {4},
	pages = {652 – 670},
	doi = {10.1177/02692163211045305},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85117381482&doi=10.1177%2f02692163211045305&partnerID=40&md5=25775e35a7f078fdca9877818abcc4b9},
	affiliations = {Palliative Care Unit, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom; University of Humanistic Studies, Utrecht, Netherlands; Cudeca Hospice Foundation, Malaga, Spain; Department of Clinical Medicine K1, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Regional Centre of Excellence for Palliative Care, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; University Clinic of Pulmonary and Allergic Diseases Golnik, Golnik, Slovenia},
	abstract = {Background: Volunteers make a huge contribution to the health and wellbeing of the population and can improve satisfaction with care especially in the hospice setting. However, palliative and end-of-life-care volunteer services in the hospital setting are relatively uncommon. The iLIVE Volunteer Study, one of eight work-packages within the iLIVE Project, was tasked with developing a European Core Curriculum for End-of-Life-Care Volunteers in hospital. Aim: Establish an international consensus on the content of a European Core Curriculum for hospital end-of-life-care volunteer services which support patients in the last weeks of life. Design: Delphi Process comprising the following three stages: 1. Scoping review of literature into palliative care volunteers. 2. Two rounds of Delphi Questionnaire. 3. Nominal Group Meeting. Setting/participants: Sixty-six participants completed the Round 1 Delphi questionnaire; 75% (50/66) took part in Round 2. Seventeen participants attended the Nominal Group Meeting representing an international and multi-professional group including, clinicians, researchers and volunteer coordinators from the participating countries. Results: The scoping review identified 88 items for the Delphi questionnaire. Items encompassed organisational issues for implementation and topics for volunteer training. Three items were combined and one item added in Round 2. Following the Nominal Group Meeting 53/87 items reached consensus. Conclusion: Key items for volunteer training were agreed alongside items for implementation to embed the end-of-life-care volunteer service within the hospital. Recommendations for further research included in-depth assessment of the implementation and experiences of end-of-life-care volunteer services. The developed European Core Curriculum can be adapted to fit local cultural and organisational contexts. © The Author(s) 2021.},
	author_keywords = {consensus; Delphi; End of life; hospital; palliative care; volunteers},
	keywords = {Consensus; Curriculum; Delphi Technique; Hospitals; Humans; Terminal Care; Volunteers; adult; article; controlled study; curriculum; Delphi study; female; human; literature; male; palliative therapy; questionnaire; systematic review; terminal care; consensus; curriculum; Delphi study; hospital; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {T. McGlinchey; Palliative Care Unit, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom; email: Tamsin.mcglinchey@liverpool.ac.uk},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Ltd},
	issn = {02692163},
	coden = {PAMDE},
	pmid = {34666562},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Palliative Med.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 7; All Open Access, Green Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Grassa2023,
	author = {Grassa, Rihab and Bocanet, Anca},
	title = {Developing a sustainable operation management system for food charity organizations},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {Journal of Cleaner Production},
	volume = {428},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.139447},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85175200240&doi=10.1016%2fj.jclepro.2023.139447&partnerID=40&md5=c6d4d8edc3e835e74f880ba46a8fb8f8},
	affiliations = {Higher Colleges of Technology, United Arab Emirates},
	abstract = {In this paper, we study the operation management model used in a non-profit organization operating in food waste management, particularly in slow-onset crisis settings. Then, we build an optimized model and suggest alternative solutions to this non-profit organization in order to ensure its sustainability and efficiency in redistributing the excess a food, which may help to reduce food waste in the country. To do this, we first, conducted a field study to understand the current operation management of this non-profit organization to collect and distribute food. Second, we identified the main challenges faced to perform efficiently. Third, we assess the effects of introducing volunteers on the processing times. Fourth, we built an optimized operation management model to study how operational decisions when introducing volunteers affects on-time distribution in steady conditions. The analysis of supply chain integration and its performance consequences in a slow-onset crisis situation makes this article a valuable contribution to the literature on humanitarian supply chain management. © 2023},
	author_keywords = {Non-profit organization; Volunteer management; Waste food management},
	keywords = {Supply chain management; Waste management; Food management; Food waste; Management Model; Non profit organizations; Operation management; Operation management system; Sustainable operations; Volunteers managements; Waste food; Waste food management; Profitability},
	correspondence_address = {R. Grassa; Higher Colleges of Technology, United Arab Emirates; email: Rihab_grassa@hotmail.fr},
	publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
	issn = {09596526},
	coden = {JCROE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Clean. Prod.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1}
}

@ARTICLE{Rozmiarek2023,
	author = {Rozmiarek, Mateusz and Grajek, Mateusz and Malchrowicz-Mośko, Ewa and Krupa-Kotara, Karolina and Burgos, Jose and Aguirre-Betolaza, Aitor Martínez and Castañeda-Babarro, Arkaitz},
	title = {Selected Motivations of Student Sports Volunteers in Terms of Professional Activity and Previous Volunteering Experience},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {Sustainability (Switzerland)},
	volume = {15},
	number = {13},
	doi = {10.3390/su151310531},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85164914403&doi=10.3390%2fsu151310531&partnerID=40&md5=4524a4fd2d4dcc5d55e95609918f3b5a},
	affiliations = {Department of Sports Tourism, Faculty of Physical Culture Sciences, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, 61-871, Poland; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Bytom, 41-902, Poland; Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Bytom, 41-902, Poland; Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, International University of La Rioja, Logroño, 26006, Spain; Department of Physical Activity and Sports, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of Deusto, Bilbao, 48007, Spain},
	abstract = {Involvement in sports volunteering is not only a way to improve mental health by increasing a sense of appreciation or respect, but it also allows participants to take on an individual challenge, meet new people, or gain specific knowledge. The aim of this study was to analyze selected motivations of students from the University of Physical Education in Krakow to get involved in sports volunteering during the 2023 European Games organized in their city and verifying them in terms of gender, age, previous volunteering experience, and pursuing a career. A total of 535 students took part in the survey, of whom 52.71% (282) were female, and 47.29% (253) were male. Selected motivation statements were indicated by respondents through a 5-point Likert scale. The results of the completed study confirmed that pursuing a professional career alongside studies and previous experience in sports volunteering had an impact on undertaking sports volunteering (F = 11.754; r = 0.674; p = 0.003 and F = 10.241; r = 0.611; p = 0.002). The obtained research results may be important for sports psychologists and organizers of sports events in the context of recruiting volunteers or improving the process of managing sports volunteering. © 2023 by the authors.},
	author_keywords = {2023 European Games; career pursuit; motivation; Poland; professional activity; sport; sports volunteering experience; student; volunteer management; volunteering},
	keywords = {Cracow; education; local participation; mental health; psychology; sports facility; student},
	correspondence_address = {M. Rozmiarek; Department of Sports Tourism, Faculty of Physical Culture Sciences, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, 61-871, Poland; email: rozmiarek@awf.poznan.pl},
	publisher = {Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)},
	issn = {20711050},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Sustainability},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 3; All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Rozmiarek2024,
	author = {Rozmiarek, Mateusz},
	title = {The Role of Nutrition in Maintaining the Health and Physical Condition of Sports Volunteers},
	year = {2024},
	journal = {Nutrients },
	volume = {16},
	number = {19},
	doi = {10.3390/nu16193336},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85206313020&doi=10.3390%2fnu16193336&partnerID=40&md5=cc68dea52e401491ce6ccf07acd25c07},
	affiliations = {Department of Sports Tourism, Faculty of Physical Culture Sciences, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, 61-871, Poland},
	abstract = {Nutrition plays a key role in maintaining health and physical condition, particularly for active individuals, including athletes. It can therefore be assumed that individuals performing physically demanding tasks during the organization of sporting events, such as volunteers, should also pay attention to their nutrition. While the importance of diet for athletes has been widely studied, the impact of nutrition on sports volunteers remains under-researched. Volunteers often have to cope with varying degrees of physical and mental exertion, which may affect their nutritional needs. A qualitative study was conducted using in-depth individual interviews (IDIs) with 17 sports volunteers who had experience in organizing various sporting events. Participants were purposefully selected based on specific inclusion criteria, which included active involvement in sports volunteering (with a minimum of two years of experience in volunteer activities) as well as volunteering experience at sports events of various scales. The interviews aimed to understand the eating habits, dietary awareness, and impact of nutrition on health and physical fitness. The data were transcribed and subjected to thematic analysis, focusing on coding responses and identifying recurring themes. Most participants did not place much importance on their diet, making random food choices due to a busy lifestyle and lack of time. Only a few volunteers consciously adjusted their diet when they had knowledge of the physically demanding tasks they were expected to perform during their volunteer work. The majority of volunteers relied on less reliable sources of nutritional information, such as blogs or social media, rather than credible sources of knowledge. This study revealed that many individuals involved in sports volunteering are unaware of the impact of diet on their fitness and health. There is a need for nutritional education for this group to improve their awareness of the importance of a balanced diet in the context of increased physical activity. It is also advisable to provide better nutritional conditions during sporting events and to promote the use of professional sources of information about healthy eating. © 2024 by the author.},
	author_keywords = {diet; dietary habits; energy intake; health; nutrition; nutritional education; physical conditions; sport; volunteer management; volunteering},
	keywords = {Adult; Athletes; Diet; Diet, Healthy; Feeding Behavior; Female; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nutritional Status; Physical Fitness; Qualitative Research; Sports; Volunteers; Young Adult; adult; Article; attitude to health; blogging; controlled study; eating habit; female; fitness; health status; healthy diet; human; information source; interview; male; normal human; nutrition education; physical capacity; planning; qualitative research; social media; sport nutrition; sporting event; thematic analysis; young adult; athlete; diet; feeding behavior; middle aged; nutritional status; psychology; qualitative research; sport; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {M. Rozmiarek; Department of Sports Tourism, Faculty of Physical Culture Sciences, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, 61-871, Poland; email: rozmiarek@awf.poznan.pl},
	publisher = {Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)},
	issn = {20726643},
	pmid = {39408303},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nutrients},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 2; All Open Access, Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Hsieh2024,
	author = {Hsieh, Ming-Jin and Chiu, Shiu-Kuan},
	title = {Innovative Thinking in Volunteer Organizations: Addressing the Impact of Psychological Ownership on Volunteer Organizational Commitment},
	year = {2024},
	journal = {Systems},
	volume = {12},
	number = {7},
	doi = {10.3390/systems12070228},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85199657895&doi=10.3390%2fsystems12070228&partnerID=40&md5=74d4834800d78ce0a5658cba77f0355d},
	affiliations = {Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program of Business, Feng Chia University, Taichung, 407, Taiwan; Department of International Business, Feng Chia University, Taichung, 407, Taiwan},
	abstract = {This study explores the impact of psychological ownership on volunteer commitment within volunteer organizations. By introducing psychological ownership as a new variable, this research aims to enhance volunteer commitment through improved management practices and innovations. The study involved a random sample of educational volunteers from primary schools, who completed questionnaires after being briefed by the researchers. An analysis of 212 valid responses revealed that psychological ownership significantly influences organizational commitment, with volunteer motivation acting as a partial mediator. Based on these findings, the study suggests two innovative strategies to promote volunteer commitment. First, developing a diverse knowledge base for volunteer managers to improve their leadership and collaboration skills. Second, integrating volunteers as a subsystem within the staff through decentralized decision making, thereby increasing their participation and sense of responsibility. These insights extend the concept of psychological ownership to volunteer settings, offering theoretical contributions and practical implications for enhancing volunteer retention rates and organizational effectiveness. © 2024 by the authors.},
	author_keywords = {innovation; motivation; organizational commitment; psychological ownership; volunteer functions inventory; volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {M.-J. Hsieh; Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427, Taiwan; email: hsiehmingjin@gmail.com},
	publisher = {Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)},
	issn = {20798954},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Systems},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1; All Open Access, Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Liang2022531,
	author = {Liang, Xiaoyan and Amarakoon, Upamali and Bird, Susan and Pearson, David},
	title = {“It is hard to say ‘no’ to someone who wants to help”: An exemplary model of corporate volunteer management and its challenges},
	year = {2022},
	journal = {Nonprofit Management and Leadership},
	volume = {32},
	number = {4},
	pages = {531 – 553},
	doi = {10.1002/nml.21499},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85122148623&doi=10.1002%2fnml.21499&partnerID=40&md5=38c61f787286e14862f7375c446ad90c},
	affiliations = {International Business School of Suzhou, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China; School of Business and Law, CQUniversity Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Asia Pacific College of Business & Law, Charles Darwin University Australia, CDU Darwin Waterfront Level 5, Darwin, NT, Australia},
	abstract = {Despite the growth and popularity of corporate volunteering, a small, albeit growing stream of studies representing the nonprofit's perspectives focus on either “why” or “triple win” outcome of the corporate volunteer programs, not much is known about the process of internal management and strategy development of corporate volunteering programs. This study aims to examine the understudied strategy and management process of nonprofits in corporate volunteer-related partnerships. Based on interview and observation data collected from 2018 to 2019 from an Australian nonprofit organization specializing in food rescue, the authors investigate its exemplary corporate volunteering management practices and the challenges it faces. Findings reveal three dimensions of management imperatives and two sets of management challenges that have not been addressed in the literature. This study advances corporate volunteer management literature from the nonprofit's perspective by providing a promising model for designing and implementing an effective corporate volunteer management program. It also highlights the ensuing challenges this model might face. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.},
	author_keywords = {corporate volunteering; human resource management (HRM); nonprofit organizations; triple-win; work design},
	correspondence_address = {X. Liang; International Business School of Suzhou, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China; email: xiaoyan.liang@xjtlu.edu.cn},
	publisher = {Jossey-Bass Inc., Publishers},
	issn = {10486682},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Manage. Leadersh.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 3}
}

@ARTICLE{Russell2022475,
	author = {Russell, Allison R. and Storti, Melissa A. Heinlein and Handy, Femida},
	title = {Volunteer Retirement and Well-being: Evidence from Older Adult Volunteers},
	year = {2022},
	journal = {International Journal of Community Well-Being},
	volume = {5},
	number = {2},
	pages = {475 – 495},
	doi = {10.1007/s42413-021-00157-z},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85168886209&doi=10.1007%2fs42413-021-00157-z&partnerID=40&md5=17c1d5cc56169ed809728bfdd46db494},
	affiliations = {School of Economic, Political, and Policy Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Rd., GR 31, Richardson, 75080, TX, United States; Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States; School of Social Policy and Practice, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States},
	abstract = {A large body of evidence has demonstrated a connection between volunteering and improved well-being, especially among older adults, without fully considering the implications of transitioning out of volunteering. While volunteers represent an important resource for many organizations, working with older adult volunteers also presents a unique set of considerations for volunteer administrators and other staff. Building on previous findings, this qualitative study interviews older-adult hospital volunteers (age 65 and older) about their experiences, motivations, and plans for future volunteering. Findings suggest that older adults engage in diverse volunteering tasks, exhibit complex and multifaceted motivations for beginning and continuing to volunteer, and develop a sense of self and identity as a volunteer that they wish to preserve. Our findings contribute to the development of a nascent three-stage model to explain how older adults approach the possibility of volunteer retirement. Implications for policy and future research are discussed. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.},
	author_keywords = {Aging; Community well-being; Older adult volunteering; Volunteering; Well-being},
	correspondence_address = {A.R. Russell; School of Economic, Political, and Policy Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, 800 W. Campbell Rd., GR 31, 75080, United States; email: Allison.Russell@utdallas.edu},
	publisher = {Springer Nature},
	issn = {25245295},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Int. Journal of Com. WB},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 5}
}

@ARTICLE{Cho2024,
	author = {Cho, Heetae and Lim, Jinsun and Chiu, Weisheng},
	title = {The Effects of Volunteer Management and Personality on Quality of Life and Intention to Donate in the Context of Compulsory Volunteering: An Environmental Psychology Approach},
	year = {2024},
	journal = {SAGE Open},
	volume = {14},
	number = {2},
	doi = {10.1177/21582440241249887},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85193636049&doi=10.1177%2f21582440241249887&partnerID=40&md5=2805bdff01fb7f05d020799a3f7cddfb},
	affiliations = {Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea; Woosuk University, Wanju-gun, South Korea; Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Kowloon, Hong Kong},
	abstract = {This study aimed to examine the effects of volunteer management and personality on volunteer job satisfaction, intention to donate, and quality of life based on an environmental psychology model. A total of 238 responses were collected from students who took a mandatory volunteering course offered by a university in Singapore. It is the limitation of this study, as we only collected data from students who participated in the mandatory volunteering course offered by a university in Singapore. This study conducted confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling analysis. Results showed that volunteer management and personality had positive effects on volunteer job satisfaction, which increased their compulsory intention to donate and their quality of life. In addition, personality played a moderating role in the relationship between volunteer management and volunteer job satisfaction. These findings suggest that organizations involved in compulsory volunteer programs should look at the interaction between personality and its management climate to enhance volunteer satisfaction, and in turn, foster intention to donate. © The Author(s) 2024.},
	author_keywords = {compulsory volunteering; donation; personality; quality of life; volunteer management; volunteer satisfaction},
	correspondence_address = {W. Chiu; Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Kowloon, Hong Kong; email: chiuws@hkmu.edu.hk; J. Lim; Woosuk University, Wanju-gun, South Korea; email: jinsunlim@woosuk.ac.kr},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
	issn = {21582440},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {SAGE Open},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 2; All Open Access, Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Escallon-Barrios2024,
	author = {Escallon-Barrios, Mariana and Noham, Reut and Smilowitz, Karen},
	title = {Dual mode scheduling in volunteer management},
	year = {2024},
	journal = {Socio-Economic Planning Sciences},
	volume = {92},
	doi = {10.1016/j.seps.2023.101796},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85182890656&doi=10.1016%2fj.seps.2023.101796&partnerID=40&md5=3f5be5cbab2ec0ae6bee666d51ea7393},
	affiliations = {Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States; Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel},
	abstract = {Nonprofit organizations have adopted online scheduling platforms that give autonomy to volunteers in the scheduling process. However, this strategy can create imbalances in task coverage, often requiring staff to fill the gaps. The aim of this study is to develop scheduling strategies to create a balanced schedule that effectively combines workforce types (paid staff and volunteers) while keeping volunteers engaged. This is achieved by accounting for volunteers’ responses to changes in scheduling options. We develop an optimization model that recognizes volunteers’ scheduling responses and utilizes these responses to design policies aimed at achieving a balanced coverage across time slots. This involves reducing over-covered and under-covered time slots over the planning horizon. By understanding the preferences of volunteers, organizations can modify their current policies to better match supply with demand keeping their volunteers engaged. We provide an implementable scheduling strategy combining staff assignment and volunteers’ autonomy in scheduling choices. Case study results show an improvement compared to current scheduling policies. Volunteers’ satisfaction increases, resulting in a long-term impact on the organizations and the communities they serve. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd},
	author_keywords = {Nonprofit operations; Volunteer engagement; Volunteer scheduling},
	keywords = {nonprofit organization; optimization; organizational framework; participatory approach; policy approach; strategic approach},
	correspondence_address = {M. Escallon-Barrios; Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, United States; email: mescallo@andrew.cmu.edu},
	publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
	issn = {00380121},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Socio-Econ. Plann. Sci.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 7}
}

@ARTICLE{Meijeren2025,
	author = {Meijeren, Maikel and Ellemers, Naomi and Lubbers, Marcel},
	title = {How to Keep Them Inside? Organizational and Motivational Factors That Influence Volunteer Retention for Refugee Aid Organizations},
	year = {2025},
	journal = {Nonprofit Management and Leadership},
	doi = {10.1002/nml.21667},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-105006645387&doi=10.1002%2fnml.21667&partnerID=40&md5=dc6d49405f660964bd610c8d69f57312},
	affiliations = {Department of Sociology, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands; Distinguished University of the Organizational Behavior Group, Heidelberglaan 1, Room H 1.38. Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; of Interdisciplinary Social Science: Relations Between Groups and Cultures. Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science/ERCOMER, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands},
	abstract = {Refugee aid organizations depend to a large extent on volunteers. These organizations have difficulties retaining volunteers. The question then is: what can refugee aid organizations do to keep their' volunteers inside? Prior work suggests that satisfaction with the organization and motivations to continue volunteering may be of particular importance for volunteer retention. Therefore, this article assesses (1) which organizational factors contribute to satisfaction with the volunteer organization and (2) what personal factors contribute to volunteers' willingness to continue doing this work. Based on analyses of data from volunteers at a Dutch refugee aid organization (N = 1090) to both open-ended and close-ended questions, we find that volunteers who feel more valued for their work express stronger organizational connectedness. Moreover, we found that a bridge function that volunteers are theorized to be motivates them: volunteers are motivated to continue because they contribute to the facilitation of refugee inclusion and to increasing societal tolerance toward refugees. Further, work conditions need to be in place to prevent volunteers from leaving the organization. Moreover, the experienced appreciation for their work turned out to be a crucial factor for organizations to retain volunteers. These results give refugee aid organizations and volunteer managers concrete steps on what they can do to retain volunteers. This paper discusses these results and their practical implications as well as the limitations of the study. © 2025 The Author(s). Nonprofit Management & Leadership published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.},
	author_keywords = {organizational support; volunteer motivations; volunteer retention; volunteer satisfaction; volunteering for refugees},
	correspondence_address = {M. Meijeren; Department of Sociology, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands; email: maikel.meijeren@ru.nl},
	publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Inc},
	issn = {10486682},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Manage. Leadersh.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Article in press},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Rey-Garcia2024453,
	author = {Rey-Garcia, Marta and Mato-Santiso, Vanessa and Meijs, Lucas C.P.M. and Krasnopolskaya, Irina},
	title = {You never can say ‘goodbye’: valuing and enhancing episodic re-volunteering},
	year = {2024},
	journal = {Voluntary Sector Review},
	volume = {15},
	number = {3},
	pages = {453 – 477},
	doi = {10.1332/204080521X16895878077994},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85209769740&doi=10.1332%2f204080521X16895878077994&partnerID=40&md5=b87bcb9f12e225ab9c3a7f361c21d5e6},
	affiliations = {University of A Coruña, Spain; Erasmus University, Netherlands; National Research University, Russian Federation},
	abstract = {Research on evidence-based volunteer management, especially regarding episodic volunteering, is limited. Thus, we examine the influence of individual traits of event volunteers and the management practices employed by non-profit organisations on their likelihood to engage in future events. First, we revisit the value of episodic volunteering within the framework of regenerative volunteer management. We then compare factors affecting the inclination of event volunteers to re-volunteer for the same or for a different organisation based on a path analysis of 10,148 survey responses from event volunteers in 19 countries. Previous episodic volunteer experience, responsiveness, appreciation from supervisors and satisfaction with the event experience increase the probability that event volunteers will re-volunteer for both the same and different organisations. Moreover, assistance, service quality and comfort contribute indirectly by enhancing satisfaction with the volunteer experience. Effective management of event volunteering replenishes a valuable volunteer resource for both event organisers and other non-profit organisations. © Policy Press 2024.},
	author_keywords = {episodic volunteering; event volunteer experience; nonprofit marketing; regenerative volunteer management},
	publisher = {Policy Press},
	issn = {20408056},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Volunt. Sect. Rev.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1}
}

@ARTICLE{Faletehan2024649,
	author = {Faletehan, Aun Falestien},
	title = {Embracing Duality: Exploring the Synergy of Traditional and Religious HRM Practices to Enhance Volunteer Retention in Faith-Based Organizations},
	year = {2024},
	journal = {Human Service Organizations Management, Leadership and Governance},
	volume = {48},
	number = {5},
	pages = {649 – 666},
	doi = {10.1080/23303131.2024.2353041},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85192762253&doi=10.1080%2f23303131.2024.2353041&partnerID=40&md5=7bf8e837fcb316385e96261924c789ae},
	affiliations = {Department of Da’wah Management, UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia},
	abstract = {Volunteer retention is critical for the sustainable functioning of faith-based organizations (FBOs). This qualitative study examines the interplay of two distinct streams of Human Resource Management (HRM) within FBOs: traditional HRM practices and religious HRM practices. Drawing on data from 33 interviews conducted across four Indonesian FBOs, we explore how the integration of these practices influences volunteer retention. Our findings reveal that FBOs employ traditional HRM practices, including recruitment, task design, training, supervision, rewards systems, and managing diversity, to retain volunteers. Additionally, strategically designed religious HRM practices, encompassing spiritual individual development, spiritual leadership, shaping organizational religious culture, and managing volunteers’ relations, augment volunteer commitment. This research contributes novel insights into the nexus between secular and spiritual dimensions in volunteer retention, offering a holistic framework for FBOs to optimize volunteer management strategies and sustain their impactful missions. © 2024 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.},
	author_keywords = {Faith-based organization; religious HRM; retention; traditional HRM; volunteer},
	keywords = {adult; article; drug therapy; faith-based organization; female; human; Indonesian; interview; leadership; normal human; qualitative research; reward; tight junction; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {A.F. Faletehan; Department of Da’wah Management, UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya, Surabaya, Ahmad Yani Street No. 117, East Java, 60237, Indonesia; email: aunfalestien@uinsa.ac.id},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {23303131},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Hum. Serv. Organ. Manag. leadersh. gov.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Hedegaard2023497,
	author = {Hedegaard, Jonas},
	title = {Professional Volunteerism: Interwoven paradoxes in the management of Roskilde Festival},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {Voluntas},
	volume = {34},
	number = {3},
	pages = {497 – 518},
	doi = {10.1007/s11266-022-00521-3},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85137998119&doi=10.1007%2fs11266-022-00521-3&partnerID=40&md5=e043ec40e7f674228511eb8a13fb76a5},
	affiliations = {Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark},
	abstract = {This paper investigates how volunteer managers from Roskilde Festival experience, enact, and respond to organisational paradoxes and how these paradoxes are both formed by, and sustain, the organisational context of the festival. The festival is a professional world-class event with high standards of performance, while being primarily volunteer-driven. This constitutes a context of “professional volunteerism”, which serves as a locus of interwoven paradoxical tensions. Paradox is often portrayed as a pair of poles that are connected, but in opposition, this paper illustrates how different paradoxes and the responses to them can be interwoven, thereby describing a more complex understanding of paradox. © 2022, International Society for Third-Sector Research.},
	author_keywords = {Interwoven tensions; Music festival; Organisational paradoxes; Volunteer management},
	keywords = {festival; music; organizational framework; performance assessment; social development; voluntary approach},
	correspondence_address = {J. Hedegaard; Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark; email: Jonash1978@gmail.com},
	publisher = {Springer},
	issn = {09578765},
	coden = {VOLUE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Voluntas},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Traeger20221140,
	author = {Traeger, Charlotte and Haski-Leventhal, Debbie and Alfes, Kerstin},
	title = {Extending organizational socialization theory: Empirical evidence from volunteer work for refugees in France and Australia},
	year = {2022},
	journal = {Human Relations},
	volume = {75},
	number = {6},
	pages = {1140 – 1166},
	doi = {10.1177/00187267211006451},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85103566966&doi=10.1177%2f00187267211006451&partnerID=40&md5=6b65150b6884a15be0acd8f2be19352c},
	affiliations = {ESCP Business School, Germany; Macquarie University Business School, Australia},
	abstract = {How are volunteers who provide assistance to refugees socialized into their organizations? Known as the process through which newcomers evolve from organizational outsiders into insiders, socialization is particularly crucial among volunteers, as they often help vulnerable groups such as refugees. To examine this issue, which is critical to both scholars and practitioners, we draw on a large-scale qualitative study conducted in France and Australia. Based on triangulated data from 42 in-depth interviews, 17 hours of participant observations and document analysis, we shed light on the socialization of volunteers. We identify a three-stage process during which volunteers become insiders: (i) familiarizing with the role; (ii) bonding with the group; and (iii) embedding into the organization. Each stage consists of tactics, learning domains, emotions and outcomes that are particularly salient to the volunteer experience. With only slight differences between the two countries, our model extends organizational socialization theory by uncovering a process that allows volunteers to feel confident in their role, integrated into their team and part of a larger purpose. We also contribute to debates on volunteer management by highlighting organizational tactics that fit the volunteer experience. © The Author(s) 2021.},
	author_keywords = {emotions; learning; organizational entry; organizational socialization; refugees; volunteers},
	keywords = {adult; article; Australia; case report; clinical article; embedding; emotion; female; France; human; human experiment; interview; learning; male; physician; qualitative research; refugee; socialization; theoretical study},
	correspondence_address = {C. Traeger; ESCP Business School, Germany; email: ctraeger@escp.eu},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Ltd},
	issn = {00187267},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Hum. Relat.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 11}
}

@ARTICLE{Walk2023289,
	author = {Walk, Marlene and Peterson, Emily},
	title = {Volunteers as Active Shapers of their Work: The Role of Job Crafting in Volunteer Satisfaction and Organizational Identification},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {Voluntas},
	volume = {34},
	number = {2},
	pages = {289 – 300},
	doi = {10.1007/s11266-022-00462-x},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85124757042&doi=10.1007%2fs11266-022-00462-x&partnerID=40&md5=df983ab68294878a1ba8819920cd9826},
	affiliations = {Paul H. O’Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, IUPUI, 801 W Michigan Street, Indianapolis, 46202, IN, United States},
	abstract = {Volunteer satisfaction is a significant concern, as volunteers have lower barriers to exit than employees and tend to leave nonprofits when dissatisfied. While volunteer management predominantly focuses on the implementation of management practices, this study alters that perspective. Through job crafting, one form of proactive behavior in organizational contexts, we study volunteers as active participants in their volunteer experience. We posit that volunteer job crafting is an important, yet overlooked, factor in volunteer outcomes such as satisfaction and organizational identification. We test and (partially) confirm our hypotheses using a sample of 678 volunteers in one youth-serving nonprofit organization in the Midwest region of the USA. This study extends job crafting research further into the non-work domain by adding a multifaceted conceptualization of job crafting in the context of volunteer work. We distinguish between behavioral and cognitive crafting and provide empirical support on how those crafting forms relate to volunteer satisfaction and organizational identification. © 2022, International Society for Third-Sector Research.},
	author_keywords = {Behavioral crafting; Cognitive crafting; Job crafting; Organizational identification; Satisfaction; Volunteers},
	keywords = {Midwest; United States; behavior; cognition; management practice; nonprofit organization; organizational framework; working conditions},
	correspondence_address = {M. Walk; Paul H. O’Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, IUPUI, Indianapolis, 801 W Michigan Street, 46202, United States; email: mwalk@iupui.edu},
	publisher = {Springer},
	issn = {09578765},
	coden = {VOLUE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Voluntas},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 7}
}

@ARTICLE{Choi2024340,
	author = {Choi, Daniel and Ferris, Anna and Marrese, Tiana and Cnaan, Ram and Handy, Femida},
	title = {The Implications of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Recruitment and Retention of Volunteers and Donors in the U.S.},
	year = {2024},
	journal = {Human Service Organizations Management, Leadership and Governance},
	volume = {48},
	number = {3},
	pages = {340 – 354},
	doi = {10.1080/23303131.2023.2232844},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85164712053&doi=10.1080%2f23303131.2023.2232844&partnerID=40&md5=07f192129c74a8aee916e303bc4c4962},
	affiliations = {School of Social Policy and Practice, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States},
	abstract = {Human service organizations in the US are heavily dependent on volunteers and donations. The COVID-19 pandemic compromised the ability of volunteer coordinators and fundraisers to obtain and retain such vital resources. This article details the experiences of those entrusted with the acquisition and retention of time and money for human service organizations during the pandemic. Volunteer coordinators faced obstacles in reestablishing a volunteer base, and keeping volunteers engaged and supported while navigating the health risks associated with COVID-19. Fundraisers had to rapidly adjust their solicitation methods amid greater demand for accountability, transparency, and impact from donors. These challenges required innovations and ad-hoc adjustments -both of which were difficult to initiate during the COVID-19 pandemic when operations were carried out virtually. Much has been made about how executive leadership or organizations responded to the pandemic. This article is unique by providing empirical evidence of how specific units within human service organizations adapted. © 2023 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.},
	author_keywords = {COVID-19 pandemic; disruptive extreme context; fundraising; nonprofit management; volunteer coordination; volunteering},
	correspondence_address = {D. Choi; School of Social Policy and Practice, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States; email: choidy@upenn.edu},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {23303131},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Hum. Serv. Organ. Manag. leadersh. gov.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 6}
}

@ARTICLE{Siddiqi2023473,
	author = {Siddiqi, Sameer M. and Kareddy, Vishnupriya and Uscher-Pines, Lori and Chari, Ramya},
	title = {Building Public Health Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Recovery Capabilities Through Disaster Citizen Science: Perspectives from Local Health Department, Academic, and Community Representatives},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {Journal of Public Health Management and Practice},
	volume = {29},
	number = {4},
	pages = {473 – 486},
	doi = {10.1097/PHH.0000000000001686},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85159760318&doi=10.1097%2fPHH.0000000000001686&partnerID=40&md5=36877db3b9dab5c7487cf60540ef2786},
	affiliations = {RAND Corporation, Division of Social and Economic Wellbeing, 1200 South Hayes St, Arlington, 22202, VA, United States; University of Virginia School of Law, Charlottesville, VA, United States},
	abstract = {Context: Disaster citizen is the use of scientific methods by the public to address preparedness, response, or recovery needs. Disaster citizen science applications with public health relevance are growing in academic and community sectors, but integration with public health emergency preparedness, response, and recovery (PHEPRR) agencies is limited. Objective: We examined how local health departments (LHDs) and community-based organizations have used citizen science to build public health preparedness and response (PHEP) capabilities. The purpose of this study is to help LHDs make use of citizen science to support PHEPRR. Design: We conducted semistructured telephone interviews (n = 55) with LHD, academic, and community representatives engaged or interested in citizen science. We used inductive and deductive methods to code and analyze interview transcripts. Setting: US and international community-based organizations and US LHDs. Participants: Participants included 18 LHD representatives reflecting diversity in geographic regions and population sizes served and 31 disaster citizen science project leaders and 6 citizen science thought leaders. Main Outcomes: We identified challenges LHDs and academic and community partners face in using citizen science for PHEPRR as well as strategies to facilitate implementation. Results: Academic and community-led disaster citizen science activities aligned with many PHEP capabilities including community preparedness, community recovery, public health surveillance and epidemiological investigation, and volunteer management. All participant groups discussed challenges related to resources, volunteer management, collaborations, research quality, and institutional acceptance of citizen science. The LHD representatives noted unique barriers due to legal and regulatory constraints and their role in using citizen science data to inform public health decisions. Strategies to increase institutional acceptance included enhancing policy support for citizen science, increasing volunteer management support, developing best practices for research quality, strengthening collaborations, and adopting lessons learned from relevant PHEPRR activities. Conclusions: There are challenges to overcome in building PHEPRR capacity for disaster citizen science but also opportunities for LHDs to leverage the growing body of work, knowledge, and resources in academic and community sectors. © 2023 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. All rights reserved.},
	author_keywords = {citizen science; disaster recovery; disaster response; emergency preparedness; public health preparedness},
	keywords = {Citizen Science; Civil Defense; Disaster Planning; Disasters; Humans; Public Health; adult; article; citizen science; controlled study; disaster; disaster recovery; disaster response; female; genetic transcription; human; leadership; major clinical study; male; population size; public health; public health service; public health surveillance; telephone interview; civil defense; disaster planning; procedures; public health},
	correspondence_address = {S.M. Siddiqi; RAND Corporation, Division of Social and Economic Wellbeing, Arlington, 1200 South Hayes St, 22202, United States; email: ssiddiqi@rand.org},
	publisher = {Lippincott Williams and Wilkins},
	issn = {10784659},
	pmid = {36867462},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Public Health Manage. Pract.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Dunn2022217,
	author = {Dunn, Jeff and Scuffham, Paul and Hyde, Melissa K. and Stein, Kevin and Zajdlewicz, Leah and Savage, Anne and Heneka, Nicole and Ng, Shu-Kay and Chambers, Suzanne K.},
	title = {Designing Organisational Management Frameworks to Empower Episodic Volunteering},
	year = {2022},
	journal = {Voluntas},
	volume = {33},
	number = {2},
	pages = {217 – 228},
	doi = {10.1007/s11266-020-00226-5},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85085145324&doi=10.1007%2fs11266-020-00226-5&partnerID=40&md5=59666255993152b274ab20e3c1569426},
	affiliations = {Prostate Cancer Foundation of Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Research and Innovation, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia; Cancer Council Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Faculty of Health, University of Technology, Lvl 6, 235 Jones St. Ultimo, Sydney, 2007, NSW, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia; School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, United States; Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia},
	abstract = {Volunteers are a critical operational resource for not-for-profit organisations in the health and welfare sector. However, trends towards episodic volunteering may be a source of disruption. This study examined contemporary management beliefs and practices about episodic volunteers in the sector. A cross-sectional online survey with 186 managers and coordinators of episodic volunteers across North America and the Asia Pacific examined organisational values and beliefs about volunteers; perceived benefits and challenges of working with episodic volunteers; volunteering management. Episodic volunteers were highly beneficial to organisational profile, mission, service profile, and cost savings. Challenges include matching recruitment to workplace and skill needs; lack of paid staff to supervise and train volunteers and inadequate administrative support. There is a disjunct between the perceived value provided to the not-for-profit sector by episodic volunteers and the extent to which episodic volunteering is supported through organisational training and management practices. © 2020, International Society for Third-Sector Research.},
	author_keywords = {Episodic; Management; Not-for-profit; Volunteer},
	keywords = {North America; Pacific Ocean; Pacific Rim; management practice; nonprofit organization; welfare provision},
	correspondence_address = {S.K. Chambers; Faculty of Health, University of Technology, Sydney, Lvl 6, 235 Jones St. Ultimo, 2007, Australia; email: suzanne.chambers@uts.edu.au},
	publisher = {Springer},
	issn = {09578765},
	coden = {VOLUE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Voluntas},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 9}
}

@ARTICLE{Ma2025627,
	author = {Ma, Yinglin},
	title = {Learning While Serving: The Role of Informal Learning Activities, Self-Efficacy, and Managerial Support in Learning Outcomes of AmeriCorps Members},
	year = {2025},
	journal = {Nonprofit Management and Leadership},
	volume = {35},
	number = {3},
	pages = {627 – 642},
	doi = {10.1002/nml.21637},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-86000426619&doi=10.1002%2fnml.21637&partnerID=40&md5=d31ba71cdd609ce30ac53289f9528f19},
	affiliations = {School of Public Administration, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States},
	abstract = {Volunteer learning enriches the volunteering experience and enhances volunteers' human and social capital. While previous studies have discussed the benefits and outcomes of volunteer learning, few delve into volunteer learning mechanisms. This study identifies several learning mechanisms by examining the role of informal learning activities, including self-reflection and knowledge sharing, in volunteer learning outcomes. Furthermore, drawing from the social cognitive theory and organizational management literature, this study investigates how volunteers' community service self-efficacy and managerial support factors influence their learning activities and outcomes. Using longitudinal survey data from four consecutive service years in the Ohio state-level AmeriCorps programs, findings show that volunteer members' self-efficacy and several managerial support factors predict their learning activities early in their service year and learning outcomes toward the end. Findings also reveal that self-efficacy and managerial support fully mediate the effects of volunteer learning activities on their learning outcomes. The study sheds light on volunteer learning mechanisms and offers practical guidance for volunteer managers to support volunteer learning while serving their communities. © 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.},
	author_keywords = {AmeriCorps; community service volunteering; learning; longitudinal data; managerial support; self-efficacy},
	correspondence_address = {Y. Ma; School of Public Administration, University of Central Florida, Orlando, United States; email: yinglin.ma@ucf.edu},
	publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Inc},
	issn = {10486682},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Manage. Leadersh.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1}
}

@ARTICLE{Mao2024198,
	author = {Mao, Guanlan and Drury, John and Lowther, Lydia and Perach, Rotem},
	title = {Safeguarding concerns, practices, and resources in COVID-19 mutual aid groups},
	year = {2024},
	journal = {Journal of Community Practice},
	volume = {32},
	number = {2},
	pages = {198 – 211},
	doi = {10.1080/10705422.2024.2345052},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85195115025&doi=10.1080%2f10705422.2024.2345052&partnerID=40&md5=c2b540ccc5824ce31c1cfe7b27d30375},
	affiliations = {School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom; National Association for Voluntary and Community Action, National Association for Voluntary and Community Action, Sheffield, United Kingdom; University of Westminster, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {Community mutual aid groups that sprang up during the COVID-19 pandemic were characterized by a lack of formal regulation and therefore potential issues around safeguarding. In this study, eight organizers of COVID mutual aid groups in the UK describe their group’s concerns, and existing safeguarding resources, and resources they would find useful in the future. Groups often created their own policies, training, reference materials, and safeguarding roles as a way of implementing safeguarding measures. Interviewees expressed three types of concerns around safeguarding: protection from harm (of both volunteers and members of the public), retaining the character of mutual aid, and making appropriate referrals. Solutions suggested by interviewees included educational materials, training, funding, consultation, a signposting database, and a forum for COVID mutual aid groups. Some of these needs could be provided by developing relationships with formal community groups. We suggest some of the mechanisms whereby informal community support groups can retain their grassroots identity and yet protect the health, wellbeing, and rights of volunteers and those they work with. © 2024 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.},
	author_keywords = {mutual aid; safeguarding; volunteer management; Volunteering},
	correspondence_address = {G. Mao; Oxford Institute of Clinical Psychology Training and Research, Isis Education Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom; email: g.mao@sussex.ac.uk},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {10705422},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Community Pract.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1; All Open Access, Green Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Grice-Jackson20241009,
	author = {Grice-Jackson, Thomas and Rogers, Imogen and Ford, Elizabeth and Van Marwijk, Harm and Topham, Catherine and Musinguzi, Geofrey and Bastiaens, Hilde and Gibson, Linda and Bower, Mark and Nahar, Papreen},
	title = {The Pre-Implementation Phase of a Project Seeking to Deliver a Community-Based CVD Prevention Intervention (SPICES-Sussex): A Qualitative Study Exploring Views and Experience Relating to Intervention Development},
	year = {2024},
	journal = {Health Promotion Practice},
	volume = {25},
	number = {6},
	pages = {1009 – 1022},
	doi = {10.1177/15248399231182139},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85164187063&doi=10.1177%2f15248399231182139&partnerID=40&md5=7cd6e6920437f6c2690b0f39360556c0},
	affiliations = {Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, United Kingdom; National Institute for Health Research, London, United Kingdom; Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerpen, Belgium; Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {Background.: Community-led health care interventions may be an effective way to tackle cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, especially in materially deprived communities where health care resources are stretched and engagement with institutions is often low. To do so effectively and equitably, interventions might be developed alongside community members through community engagement. Objectives.: The aim of this project was to carry out stakeholder mapping and partnership identification and to understand the views, needs, experiences of community members who would be involved in later stages of a community-based CVD prevention intervention’s development and implementation. Methods.: Stakeholder mapping was carried out to identify research participants in three communities in Sussex, United Kingdom. A qualitative descriptive approach was taken during the analysis of focus groups and interviews with 47 participants. Findings.: Three themes were highlighted related to intervention design (a) Management: the suitability of the intervention for the community, management of volunteers, and communication; (b) Logistics: the structure and design of the intervention; and (c) Sociocultural issues, the social and cultural expectations/experiences of participants and implementers. Conclusions.: Study participants were open and willing to engage in the planned community-based intervention, particularly in elements of co-design and community-led delivery. They also highlighted the importance of sociocultural factors. Based on the findings, we developed recommendations for intervention design which included (but were not limited to): (a) a focus on a bottom-up approach to intervention design, (b) the recruitment of skilled local volunteers, and (c) the importance of fun and simplicity. © 2023 The Author(s).},
	author_keywords = {Cardiovascular disease; Community Assessment; Community Intervention; Community Organization; Community-Based Participatory Research; Health Disparities; Health Education; Health Promotion; Health Research; Qualitative Research},
	keywords = {Adult; Aged; Cardiovascular Diseases; Community Participation; Female; Focus Groups; Health Promotion; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Qualitative Research; United Kingdom; adult; aged; cardiovascular disease; community participation; female; health promotion; human; information processing; male; middle aged; organization and management; prevention and control; qualitative research; United Kingdom},
	correspondence_address = {T. Grice-Jackson; Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, United Kingdom; email: t.grice-jackson@bsms.ac.uk},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
	issn = {15248399},
	pmid = {37386868},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Health Promot. Pract.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 3; All Open Access, Green Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Zhou20231331,
	author = {Zhou, Steven and Kodama Muscente, Kailee},
	title = {Meta-analysis of Volunteer Motives Using the Volunteer Functions Inventory to Predict Volunteer Satisfaction, Commitment, and Behavior},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly},
	volume = {52},
	number = {5},
	pages = {1331 – 1356},
	doi = {10.1177/08997640221129540},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85140268708&doi=10.1177%2f08997640221129540&partnerID=40&md5=cb615fb32bf489138f090eada1264d26},
	affiliations = {George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States; New York University, New York, NY, United States},
	abstract = {In 2017, about 30% of all U.S. adults volunteered for a total of 6.9 billion hours. This raises the question, why do so many people volunteer? Extant research has produced highly variable estimates of the effect sizes of various motivating factors, and there has been little to no research on potential moderators (i.e., study-level covariates that might strengthen or weaken the main effect of volunteer motives). We meta-analyzed 61 studies (N = 38,327) to estimate the effect sizes of six volunteer motivators (Volunteer Functions Inventory [VFI]; Clary et al., 1998) in predicting outcomes (satisfaction, commitment, intention to continue, and frequency). Results demonstrate that all six motivators significantly predicted the three outcome variables ( (Formula presented.) ranging from.12 to.44). Values was the strongest predictor by far, based on the largest effect size and a post hoc relative importance analysis. Moderator analyses indicated some differences in effect sizes across gender and student status; there were few differences across geographic location, race-ethnicity, college degree attainment, and employment status. Implications for volunteer managers and organizations on how to best work with volunteers are described. © The Author(s) 2022.},
	author_keywords = {meta-analysis; motivation; non-profit; VFI; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {S. Zhou; George Mason University, Fairfax, United States; email: szhou9@gmu.edu},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
	issn = {08997640},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Volunt. Sect. Q.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 14}
}

@ARTICLE{Joseph20223006,
	author = {Joseph, Bianca M. and Carolissen, Ronelle},
	title = {Volunteer leadership: A silent factor in student volunteer retention},
	year = {2022},
	journal = {Journal of Community Psychology},
	volume = {50},
	number = {7},
	pages = {3006 – 3022},
	doi = {10.1002/jcop.22811},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85124420748&doi=10.1002%2fjcop.22811&partnerID=40&md5=11875de897a27d30982b33caabf2017f},
	affiliations = {Department of Educational Psychology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa},
	abstract = {Despite the growing interest in student volunteerism, few students volunteer, and volunteer organisations struggle to retain those who do. We explore motivating factors, expectations, and demotivating factors as they relate to retention in student volunteerism Participants were selected from six volunteer projects associated with three South African universities in the Western Cape region. Seventy active volunteers (N = 70) responded to four open-ended questions, analysed using thematic analysis. Volunteer leadership is central to student volunteers' expectations and demotivating factors. Good leadership fulfilled student volunteers' expectations, but student volunteers were demotivated in the face of poor leadership. Six indicators of good leadership were identified. This included efficiency, regular and effective communication, being organised, passionate, and dedicated along with being supportive and facilitating volunteer growth. We argue for the importance of including contextual factors such as volunteer leadership when designing a student volunteer retention framework. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.},
	author_keywords = {demotivating volunteer factors; student volunteerism; volunteer expectation; volunteer leadership; volunteer management; volunteer motives; volunteer retention},
	keywords = {Humans; Leadership; Motivation; Students; Universities; Volunteers; adult; article; expectation; female; human; human experiment; leadership; major clinical study; male; thematic analysis; education; motivation; student; university; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {B.M. Joseph; Department of Educational Psychology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa; email: beejoseph13@gmail.com},
	publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Inc},
	issn = {00904392},
	pmid = {35139244},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Community Psychol.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 5}
}

@ARTICLE{Nedvetskaya20231523,
	author = {Nedvetskaya, Olesya},
	title = {Multi-dimensional framework as a new way to study the management of Olympic volunteering},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {European Sport Management Quarterly},
	volume = {23},
	number = {5},
	pages = {1523 – 1548},
	doi = {10.1080/16184742.2022.2043922},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85125927162&doi=10.1080%2f16184742.2022.2043922&partnerID=40&md5=0e56f04b8b6a7b54f13d8a3174244f76},
	affiliations = {Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {Research question: This paper presents a new comprehensive framework that brings together a wide range of themes and issues pertaining to the management of Olympic volunteering lacking in the literature. It helps answer the following research question: how and for whom volunteer programmes work, in what circumstances, to what effect and over what duration. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the theoretical and practical value of combining the Volunteer Process Model (VPM) (Omoto & Snyder, 2002), Human Resource Management (HRM) Model (Cuskelly et al., 2006) and Legacy Cube (Preuss, 2007). This theoretical synergy helps unpack ‘what’ we study, while the premises of critical realist evaluation (Pawson, 2013) ‘Context + Mechanism = Outcome’ (CMO) aid in answering ‘why’ and ‘how’ we study it. Research methods: The London 2012 Olympic Games volunteer (Games Maker or GM) programme was the primary case for this research. Data was gathered before, during and 14 months after the Games in the UK via a mixed methods approach. Survey data from volunteers was complemented with semi-structured interviews with volunteers and managers, the author’s participant observations and documentary analysis. Results and findings: The proposed framework helped identify and evaluate the systems, mechanisms, and processes of developing and managing the GM programme. It became evident that unless key event stakeholders acknowledge the complex nature of Olympic volunteering and put adequate structures, resources and practices in place, the volunteer programmes are ineffective in managing volunteers and attaining a sustainable volunteering legacy. Implications: This paper offers valuable insights into the organisation and management of Olympic volunteering to achieve various programme results. It answers a call for a holistic approach to the phenomenon under study and features new directions for continued academic research in this critical area. © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.},
	author_keywords = {interdisciplinary approach; multi-dimensional framework; Olympic volunteer; volunteer management; volunteering legacy},
	correspondence_address = {O. Nedvetskaya; Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, Olesya Nedvetskaya, CF236XD, United Kingdom; email: dr.olesya.nedvetskaya@gmail.com},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {16184742},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Eur. Sport Manage. Q.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 3; All Open Access, Green Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Dempsey-Brench20231500,
	author = {Dempsey-Brench, Kiera and Shantz, Amanda},
	title = {When give-back turns to blowback: Employee responses to learning from skills-based volunteering},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {International Journal of Human Resource Management},
	volume = {34},
	number = {8},
	pages = {1500 – 1529},
	doi = {10.1080/09585192.2021.1996434},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85118450707&doi=10.1080%2f09585192.2021.1996434&partnerID=40&md5=0e121e5dcd930928abb04b47e1d73dc7},
	affiliations = {Trinity Business School, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland},
	abstract = {Skills-based volunteering programs are designed by organizations to enable their employees to donate their job-related skills and develop new ones, while making a positive difference in the community. Although skills-based volunteering is one of the fastest growing trends in corporate citizenship, we know little about how employees respond to it. Using interview data from a financial institution (volunteering managers, n=2; employee volunteers, n=27), we explored this research question: How do employees react when volunteering is framed as an avenue for learning? Our findings show that one-third of volunteers expressed anger or defensiveness and ultimately rejected the notion of learning from volunteering; two-thirds reacted with curiosity, using the interview process to make sense of what they learned. These two groups of volunteers reported different attributions about why their firm supports volunteering. Whereas the former group was cynical about their firm’s motivations, the latter believed that the firm’s intentions were altruistic. However, not all of the participants fit neatly into this pattern; for a minority, manager support for volunteering altered the relationship between attributions and acknowledgement of learning. The key contribution of this paper is a theoretical model that explains how employees respond when volunteering is framed as a forum for learning. © 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.},
	author_keywords = {Attribution theory; defensive routines; employee volunteering; moral outrage; sensemaking; skills-based volunteering},
	correspondence_address = {A. Shantz; Trinity Business School, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland; email: shantza@tcd.ie},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {09585192},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Int. J. Hum. Resour. Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 2; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Saunders2022931,
	author = {Saunders, Rosemary and Crookes, Kate and Gullick, Karen and Gallagher, Olivia and Seaman, Karla and Scaini, Debra and Ang, Seng Giap Marcus and Bulsara, Caroline and Ewens, Beverley and Hughes, Jeff and O'Connell, Beverly and Etherton-Beer, Christopher},
	title = {Nurses leading volunteer support for older adults in hospital: A discussion paper},
	year = {2022},
	journal = {Collegian},
	volume = {29},
	number = {6},
	pages = {931 – 936},
	doi = {10.1016/j.colegn.2022.08.005},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85138205959&doi=10.1016%2fj.colegn.2022.08.005&partnerID=40&md5=7b9fc4374577f92c0099da5887866157},
	affiliations = {Centre for Research in Aged Care, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia; School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia; Hollywood Private Hospital, Nedlands, Australia; Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Institute of Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia; School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia; PainChek Ltd, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia},
	abstract = {Background: The ageing population has led to growing numbers of older adults in hospital. Given the increased care needs of older adult patients, hospitals are facing resource challenges to ensure patient safety and quality of care. Support from trained volunteers focussed on older adults needs, such as eating, drinking, ambulation and cognitive stimulation have been found to improve patient outcomes. Aim: This discussion paper describes a novel nurse-led model of volunteer support providing individualised supportive care for hospitalised older adults. Methods: Discussion paper. Findings: Nurses’ clinical expertise, 24-hour care and leadership skills makes them ideally placed to guide support provided by volunteers to ensure patient safety and improve quality of care. This nurse-led approach to volunteer support is underpinned by an innovative volunteer support care plan. The care plan was devised based on existing literature, and in consultation with nurses, allied health professionals, consumer representatives and volunteer managers. In practice, the plan is completed for each patient by a nurse in consultation with the patient and family following admission assessments. Trained volunteers then provide support to the patient following the care plan. Discussion: The benefits, barriers and enablers of a nurse-led volunteer support program are considered in the context of organisational and professional requirements. Conclusion: A nurse-led model of volunteer support capitalises on the clinical expertise of nurses to optimise the contribution of volunteers, positively impacting on patient outcomes, satisfaction and quality of care, with potential additional benefits to staff, volunteers and hospitals. © 2022},
	author_keywords = {Aged; Frail; Hospital volunteer; Nursing care; Older adults},
	keywords = {aged; article; consultation; consumer; drug safety; hospital volunteer; human; leadership; manager; nurse; nursing care; outcome assessment; patient safety; satisfaction; skill},
	correspondence_address = {R. Saunders; School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, 270 Joondalup Drive, 6027, Australia; email: Rosemary.Saunders@ecu.edu.au},
	publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},
	issn = {13227696},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Collegian},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 2}
}

@ARTICLE{Bapat20231,
	author = {Bapat, Gautam Surendra and Nerlekar, Varsha Shriram},
	title = {Mahesh Foundation – care for the uncared},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies},
	volume = {13},
	number = {4},
	pages = {1 – 12},
	doi = {10.1108/EEMCS-08-2022-0293},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85177654862&doi=10.1108%2fEEMCS-08-2022-0293&partnerID=40&md5=01a45a5c4427eac42c5719ef501a7edb},
	affiliations = {WPU School of Business, Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Pune, India},
	abstract = {Learning outcomes: The learning outcomes of this case study are to identify the role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in social upliftment of developing countries, understand the functioning of NGOs, understand the challenges faced by the NGOs in day-to-day operations and discuss the probable solutions for the same, appreciate the role of leader and leadership in an NGO, study the working style of NGO leaders, appreciate the importance of having a formal organizational structure for these informal organizations (NGOs) to ensure the sustainability of their ventures and design a sustainable organization structure having a proper succession plan for the NGOs. Case overview/synopsis: The case study is about one NGO – Mahesh Foundation – located in a small town named Belagavi, nestled in the state of Karnataka, India. Mahesh Foundation worked towards the upliftment of poor children infected with HIV. Today, fighting against all odds, Mahesh Foundation is a safe shelter home for 45 HIV-infected children in the age group of 6–18 years and has reached more than 2,000 beneficiaries from the time of its inception (2008). In addition, Mahesh Foundation also provides skill-based education to the HIV-infected, slum and underprivileged children. The foundation also supported the livelihood of underprivileged women and till date has supported more than 1,500 needy women. Mr Mahesh Jadhav, the founder member of Mahesh Foundation, has been successful in overcoming different challenges faced by the NGO, may it be the requirement for funds or shelters or social agitation. However, Jadhav was worried about the succession planning of his organisation. Mahesh Foundation, being run as a one-man show, Jadhav was bothered about its sustainability after him. The case study therefore highlights and discusses the importance of having a formal organization structure for such informal organizations, thereby having a proper succession plan to ensure their perpetual existence. Complexity academic level: This case study is best taught as part of a graduate and postgraduate Business Administration (BBA/MBA) programme, Management Development Programme or Executive MBA Programme. Supplementary materials: Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code: CSS 11: Strategy. © 2023, Emerald Publishing Limited.},
	author_keywords = {Developing economies; Entrepreneurship; Leadership; NGO; Social enterprise; Succession planning; Sustainability; Volunteer management},
	correspondence_address = {G.S. Bapat; WPU School of Business, Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Pune, India; email: gautambapat@gmail.com},
	publisher = {Emerald Publishing},
	issn = {20450621},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Emerald Emerg. Mark. Case Stud.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1}
}

@ARTICLE{Mannella2023,
	author = {Mannella, Staci and Labbé, Delphine and Bundon, Andrea and Sauve, Jeff and McBride, Christopher B. and Best, Krista and Yung, Olivia and Miller, William C.},
	title = {Access at elevation: Strategies used to support participation for people with disabilities in adaptive snowsports},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism},
	volume = {43},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jort.2023.100685},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85168518287&doi=10.1016%2fj.jort.2023.100685&partnerID=40&md5=28945ad389f5172524a6572fa7c5f3bd},
	affiliations = {School of Kinesiology, The University of British Columbia. (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada; Disability and Human Development Department, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; British Columbia Adaptive Snowsports, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Spinal Cord Injury BC., Vancouver, BC, Canada; Rehabilitation Department, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada; Rehabilitation, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Réadaptation et en Intégration Sociale (CIRRIS), Quebec City, QC, Canada; Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy Department, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Rehabilitation Research Program, Vancouver, BC, Canada},
	abstract = {Despite the known benefits, people with disabilities face barriers to adaptive physical activity during the winter. Research has explored the experiences of people with disabilities in adaptive snowsports, but little is known about the strategies used by adaptive snowsports organizations to support their participation. The purpose of our study was to investigate the strategies used by recreational adaptive snowsports organizations to support the participation of individuals with disabilities. The study was conducted in collaboration with a Canadian Snowsports community-based association consisting of 12 adaptive ski organizations. Eleven individual semi-structured interviews with organization leaders were conducted. Using an inductive thematic analysis, three main themes were identified. “Inclusion: Carving a Run for Everyone” encompassed how organizations sought to create inclusive spaces for participants by addressing access barriers such as physical accessibility and socioeconomic limitations. “It Takes a Village” illustrated that organizations relied on resources from their communities, including host ski resorts and volunteer instructors, to support adaptive snowsports participation. Finally, “A Mountain Range of Organization Operations” highlighted how leaders customized strategies for volunteer management, marketing, and acquisition and maintenance of adaptive equipment to effectively run their organizations. The results suggest that to support participation of people with disabilities, adaptive snowsports organizations need to embrace a multidimensional approach that addresses the physical environments, organizational structures that support sports activities, and social environments. Management implications: People with disabilities face challenges to accessing physical activity especially during the winter. One way to support physical activity participation for people with disabilities is through adaptive snowsports. The results of this study show that leaders in adaptive snowsports organizations utilized creative strategies to deal with aspects of management such as volunteer recruitment and retention, and marketing/communication. Organization leaders invested time and resources into building relationships within their communities. For instance, they found that providing volunteers with incentives (i.e., free lift passes or social events) helped volunteer retention and prevented burnout. The leaders also emphasized the need to invest in building relationships with their host ski resorts. These management strategies varied across diverse organizations depending on their size, location, and clientele. Such insights could inform future decision making within organizations and help promote inclusion in outdoor recreation and tourism especially for winter sports. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd},
	author_keywords = {Adaptive snowsports; Disability; Physical activity; Quality participation; Sports management},
	correspondence_address = {D. Labbé; Disability and Human Development, University of Illinois in Chicago, Chicago, 1640 Roosevelt Rd, 60608, United States; email: dlabbe@uic.edu},
	publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
	issn = {22130780},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Outdoor Recreat. Tour.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 4}
}

@ARTICLE{Bhatti2023346,
	author = {Bhatti, Muhammad Awais and Al-Ameryeen, Mohammad Fudeil Ibrahim},
	title = {Volunteer Management as a Tool for Empowering Athletes: Enhancing Psychological Engagement in Sports Organisations},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {Revista de Psiquiatria Clinica},
	volume = {50},
	number = {5},
	pages = {346 – 358},
	doi = {10.15761/0101-60830000000845},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85178283451&doi=10.15761%2f0101-60830000000845&partnerID=40&md5=4c232667098cbe0519579d66f4ef3e0b},
	affiliations = {Department of Management, College of Business Administration, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia; College of Business, University Utara Malaysia, Kedah, Sintok, Malaysia},
	abstract = {The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of volunteer management on the empowerment of athletes through the enhancement of their psychological engagement within sports organisations. This study examines several variables within the context of athlete satisfaction, volunteer management, sport motivation, and the coach-athlete relationship. The independent variables include athlete satisfaction, volunteer management, sport motivation, and the coach-athlete relationship. The dependent variables, on the other hand, are quality of life and subjective wellbeing. Additionally, the study considers intention to continue volunteer management as the mediating variable and sports involvement as the moderating variable. The present study is undertaken within the specific context of Saudi Arabia. The present study has utilised a quantitative research approach and gathered data through the administration of a survey consisting of closed-ended questions. The study focuses on athletes who are part of the sports community in Saudi Arabia. Statistical data analysis was performed using the Smart-PLS software, which is a tool commonly employed in statistical analysis. The present study employed structural equation modelling to examine both direct and indirect pathways. The study's findings indicate a noteworthy influence of Athlete Satisfaction and Coach-athlete relationship on Subjective wellbeing. Moreover, the influence of sport motivation on the intention to sustain volunteer management is substantial. The findings additionally demonstrated that the influence of Sports Involvement on the relationship between Intention to continue Volunteer management and Subjective wellbeing is statistically significant. The study possesses both theoretical and practical significance. © 2023, Universidade de Sao Paulo. Museu de Zoologia. All rights reserved.},
	author_keywords = {Athlete Satisfaction; Coach-athlete relationship; Quality of life; Sport Motivation; Sports Involvement; Subjective wellbeing; Volunteer management},
	keywords = {adult; article; athlete; controlled study; emotional well-being; empowerment; female; human; male; middle aged; motivation; normal human; quality of life; satisfaction; Saudi Arabia; sport; sports organization; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {M.A. Bhatti; Department of Management, College of Business Administration, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia; email: mbhatti@kfu.edu.sa},
	publisher = {Universidade de Sao Paulo. Museu de Zoologia},
	issn = {01016083},
	coden = {RPCLF},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Rev. Psiquiatr. Clin.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Maya Jariego2023259,
	author = {Maya Jariego, Isidro and Holgado Ramos, Daniel and Santolaya, Francisco J.},
	title = {What works to promote community engagement: Strategic plan for volunteering and participation in Andalusia (Spain)},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy},
	volume = {23},
	number = {2},
	pages = {259 – 281},
	doi = {10.1111/asap.12344},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85151474060&doi=10.1111%2fasap.12344&partnerID=40&md5=4ffc46b464fca2f5cb590398b04771a8},
	affiliations = {Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain},
	abstract = {This article describes the design of the “First Comprehensive Strategic Plan for Volunteering and Citizen Participation in Andalusia,” which establishes the priorities and strategies for promoting citizen engagement in the Autonomous Community of southern Spain. The drawing up of the strategic plan was developed in two phases. First, a theoretical analysis of the effective practices for promoting citizen participation was conducted. Second, the opinion of a total of 35 representatives of Third Sector organizations was obtained. The review of evidence-based practices made it possible to identify 13 basic strategies for community awareness, education for participation, volunteer management, and the development of inter-organizational networks. Next, 19 interviews were conducted with representatives of the most prominent social entities in the region and two participatory workshops with 16 leaders of the volunteer movement in Andalusia were held. The results showed the existence of a consolidated social fabric, with a “community of practice” constituted over two decades in which awareness-raising and training strategies have been effectively combined to promote volunteering. Representatives of the Third Sector consider educational strategies for participation as a priority, such as service-learning, early participation experiences during adolescence and the training of volunteers and members of associations. On the other hand, although social organizations are aware of the need to adapt to new forms of participation (more individualized, one-off, or episodic), they generally defend strategies that contribute to a higher level of organizational commitment. The resulting plan integrates measures to promote participation and volunteering through cross-cutting actions. © 2023 The Authors. Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues.},
	keywords = {Andalucia; Spain; local participation; participatory approach; planning process; strategic approach; third sector; training},
	correspondence_address = {I. Maya Jariego; Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Calle Camilo José Cela s/n, 41018, Spain; email: isidromj@us.es},
	publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Inc},
	issn = {15297489},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Anal. Soc. Issues Public Policy},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 6; All Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Llopis-Goig2023428,
	author = {Llopis-Goig, R. and García-Alcober, M.P. and Capsí, J.},
	title = {ORGANISATIONAL RESOURCES AND VOLUNTEERING. A STUDY FOCUSED ON SPANISH SPORTS CLUBS; [RECURSOS ORGANIZACIONALES Y VOLUNTARIADO. UN ESTUDIO REFERIDO A LOS CLUBES DEPORTIVOS ESPAÑOLES]},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Fisica y del Deporte},
	volume = {23},
	number = {93},
	pages = {428 – 445},
	doi = {10.15366/rimcafd2023.93.028},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85199253214&doi=10.15366%2frimcafd2023.93.028&partnerID=40&md5=8f24a5acf2f4ada83c2525abda1a5b6c},
	affiliations = {Facultad de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad de Valencia, Spain; Facultad de Derecho, Empresa y Ciencias Políticas, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, Spain; Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte, Universidad Católica de Valencia, Spain},
	abstract = {The functioning and survival of sports clubs depends to a large extent on their ability to recruit and retain the volunteer staff with whom they carry out their day-to-day operations. This paper examines the initiatives undertaken by Spanish sports clubs for this purpose and the organizational resources that condition the implementation of such initiatives. The empirical basis comes from a sample of 433 clubs. Categorical principal components analysis enabled the classification of initiatives for recruiting and retaining volunteer staff into four groups: economic, relation, formal and informative. Categorical regression analysis revealed the differential influence of size, age, economic capital, professionalization, habitat and democratic culture on each of these groups. The findings of the present study have implications for the management of volunteering at Spanish sports clubs. © 2023, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid y CV Ciencias del Deporte. All rights reserved.},
	author_keywords = {organizational resources; recruitment; sports clubs; volunteering},
	publisher = {Universidad Autonoma de Madrid y CV Ciencias del Deporte},
	issn = {15770354},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Revista Internacional Medicina Ciencias Actividad Fisica Deporte},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Urrea2023416,
	author = {Urrea, Gloria and Yoo, Eunae},
	title = {The role of volunteer experience on performance on online volunteering platforms},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {Production and Operations Management},
	volume = {32},
	number = {2},
	pages = {416 – 433},
	doi = {10.1111/poms.13879},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85139387736&doi=10.1111%2fpoms.13879&partnerID=40&md5=08be2c359dcd9f2123cf6b2899262d1e},
	affiliations = {Leeds School of Business, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States; Kelley School of Business, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States},
	abstract = {Online volunteering platforms allow humanitarian organizations (HOs) to recruit volunteers to work remotely on projects of varying urgency. While removing time and space constraints enables HOs to scale up their volunteer force, HOs must manage greater heterogeneity in volunteers' experience. We investigate empirically how volunteers' experience impacts two performance metrics on online volunteering platforms: project completion rate and volunteer retention. In addition, we examine the conditions under which experience becomes more relevant to project completion rate and retention. We collected a novel panel data set from the Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team Tasking Manager. Our data set includes 5,162 online volunteering projects with 2,169,683 contributions by 96,450 volunteers. Results from a panel regression model show that a project's completion rate improves in diminishing increments with the experience of the contributing volunteers. We further find that the effect of experience on project completion rate is contingent on the urgency of the project. Regarding retention, results from a parametric hazard model indicate that volunteers are incentivized to return to an online volunteering platform more quickly when they are closer to attaining a new experience-based rank. However, we find that this effect weakens as volunteers gain experience. Overall, our study sheds light on volunteer management in an online context and offers operational insights on the recruitment and allocation of volunteers for HOs as well as online volunteering platforms. © 2022 Production and Operations Management Society.},
	author_keywords = {online volunteering platforms; project completion; retention; volunteer experience; volunteer management},
	correspondence_address = {G. Urrea; Leeds School of Business, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, 995 Regent Dr, 80309, United States; email: gloria.urrea@colorado.edu},
	publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Inc},
	issn = {10591478},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Prod. Oper. Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 11; All Open Access, Bronze Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Maran2023127,
	author = {Maran, Daniela Acquadro and Tirassa, Maurizio},
	title = {Religious Orientation and Motivations in a Sample of Italian Catholic Volunteers},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {Fieldwork in Religion},
	volume = {18},
	number = {1},
	pages = {127 – 149},
	doi = {10.1558/firn.25269},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85150918541&doi=10.1558%2ffirn.25269&partnerID=40&md5=5833c99a9403ab93ceb27201652f7ee8},
	affiliations = {Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Via Verdi 10, Turin, 10124, Italy},
	abstract = {The aim of the research was to study motivations to volunteer, and their relationship with religious orientation in a sample of volunteers working in a Catholic organization. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 190 volunteers working in a Catholic organization based in a large city in northern Italy and devoted to ending poverty and situations of marginalization through the promotion of social justice. Of these, 160 (90 females, 70 males) agreed to participate. The main result was that all motivations, except Career, increased with the intrinsic religious orientation. The Social and Career functions increased with the extrinsic-social religious orientation. The Protective and Enhancement functions increased with all religious orientations. The result concerning gender differences showed that the creation of a social network through volunteering and the opportunities to create and maintain a positive relationship with others are more important to women than men. Managers could benefit from these findings to improve the recruitment and retaining of volunteers and to think strategically about the mission and the cultural/religious belief of the organization. The impact of two and a half years of Covid-19 policies, however, remains unclear. © Equinox Publishing Ltd 2023},
	author_keywords = {Catholic; gender difference; management of volunteer organizations; motivation; religious orientation; volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {D.A. Maran; Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Via Verdi 10, 10124, Italy; email: daniela.acquadro@unito.it},
	publisher = {Equinox Publishing Ltd},
	issn = {17430615},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Fieldwork Rel.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Won2024851,
	author = {Won, Doyeon and Chiu, Weisheng and Lee, Cindy and Bang, Hyejin and Chen, Lei},
	title = {Mandatory volunteerism: the role of perceived organizational support in perceived benefits and costs, and volunteer outcomes},
	year = {2024},
	journal = {Managing Sport and Leisure},
	volume = {29},
	number = {5},
	pages = {851 – 868},
	doi = {10.1080/23750472.2022.2115394},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85136703145&doi=10.1080%2f23750472.2022.2115394&partnerID=40&md5=a6068001b32b235d9eb4449b864f449c},
	affiliations = {Department of Kinesiology, Texas A&M University–Corpus Christi, TX, United States; Lee Shau Kee School of Business and Administration, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Kowloon, Hong Kong; College of Applied Human Sciences, West Virginia University, WV, United States; Department of Counseling, Recreation, and School Psychology, Florida International University, FL, United States; School of Business, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China},
	abstract = {Rationale/Purpose: This study drew upon social exchange theory to investigate the mediation effects of perceived benefits and costs on the relationship between perceived organizational support (POS) and the attitudinal outcomes of mandatory volunteers (voluntolds), namely volunteer satisfaction and future civic intention. Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected from 513 respondents who were voluntolds (i.e. mandatory volunteers) at a large-scale sport event in China. They were analyzed using the partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Findings: The results indicated that POS was positively and more significantly associated to perceived benefits and negatively associated with perceived costs. POS also positively predicted volunteer satisfaction, but it did not directly predict future civic intention. In addition, perceived benefits were positively associated with volunteer satisfaction but not with future civic intention, whereas perceived costs were negatively related to both volunteer satisfaction and future civic intention. Practical implications: The findings provide insightful implications for sport event organizers to develop a volunteer management program with particular attention to orientation, training and support, performance management, and recognition practices for mandatory volunteers. Research Contribution: The findings suggest the proactive role of event organizers in enhancing perceived benefits and volunteer satisfaction and, consequently, promoting the civic behaviors of mandatory volunteers. © 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.},
	author_keywords = {Mandatory volunteering; perceived benefits and costs; perceived organizational support; social exchange theory; sport event},
	correspondence_address = {W. Chiu; Lee Shau Kee School of Business and Administration, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, 30 Good Shepherd St, Ho Man Tin, Hong Kong; email: chiuws@hkmu.edu.hk},
	publisher = {Taylor and Francis Ltd.},
	issn = {23750472},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Manag. Sport Leis.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 3}
}

@ARTICLE{Araque2025,
	author = {Araque, Lenis Yelin},
	title = {Volunteer Management in Non-Profit Organizations: Experience of Huellas Foundation in Medellín, Colombia},
	year = {2025},
	journal = {Administrative Sciences},
	volume = {15},
	number = {3},
	doi = {10.3390/admsci15030077},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-105001054992&doi=10.3390%2fadmsci15030077&partnerID=40&md5=2c5ee42a177836c185a521c1b6cbc522},
	affiliations = {Department of Organization and Management, Universidad EAFIT, Medellín, 050021, Colombia},
	abstract = {This study explored how volunteer management is adapted to the specific context of a nonprofit organization (NPO). Through a participatory autoethnographic approach in Huellas Foundation, a Colombian NPO that supports its mission operation in volunteer action, it examined how management practices evolve and adjust according to the particular needs of the context. The analysis revealed two fundamental principles that emerge and guide volunteer management: self-realization and institutional recognition. It also identified four key components that shape the management process: the conversation between roles, profiles, times, and interests; the understanding of volunteering as a cultural reference; the balance between legal shielding and emotional construction; and the contribution of volunteer action to the social organization. The findings suggest that effective volunteer management requires continuous adaptation of practices according to the specific context, considering both the needs of the organization and the motivations of volunteers. This study contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence on how the contingent approach to volunteer management manifests itself in a Latin American context and offers valuable insights for the adaptation of practices in different organizational contexts. © 2025 by the author.},
	author_keywords = {contingent approach; non-profit organizations; participatory autoethnography; practices; volunteer management},
	correspondence_address = {L.Y. Araque; Department of Organization and Management, Universidad EAFIT, Medellín, 050021, Colombia; email: laraque1@eafit.edu.co},
	publisher = {Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)},
	issn = {20763387},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Adm. Sci.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0; All Open Access, Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Eitzel2023,
	author = {Eitzel, M.V. and Meyer, Ryan and Morley, Sarah and Miller, Ian and Shafroth, Patrick B. and Behymer, Chelsea and Jadallah, Christopher and Parks, David and Kagley, Anna and Shaffer, Anne and Ballard, Heidi},
	title = {Lessons learned from community and citizen science monitoring on the Elwha River restoration project},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution},
	volume = {11},
	doi = {10.3389/fevo.2023.1216080},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85173925912&doi=10.3389%2ffevo.2023.1216080&partnerID=40&md5=5421d8051f30c48145bd9cf9f104c336},
	affiliations = {Center for Community and Citizen Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States; Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, United States; Washington Sea Grant, Seattle, WA, United States; U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Fort Collins, CO, United States; Environmental Sciences Graduate Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States; Washington Department of Ecology, Lacey, WA, United States; Coastal Watershed Institute, Port Angeles, WA, United States; School of Education and Information Studies, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States},
	abstract = {Community and citizen science (CCS) projects – initiatives that involve public participation in scientific research – can both sustain and expand long-term monitoring of large dam removal projects. In this article, we discuss our perspectives on CCS associated with the Elwha River dam removals. We summarize how the public has been or could be involved in monitoring and distill lessons learned for other large dam removal projects. Much of the Elwha monitoring involved technical field work requiring training and incurring potential liability risks, guiding projects towards smaller-scale public involvement. Partnering with organizations that have capacity for volunteer management expanded CCS opportunities and provided logistical support to project managers committed to public engagement. We found that many projects engaged with students and/or with paid or unpaid interns; compensating participants in various ways can help to create reciprocal relationships that support long-term monitoring. In the future, other large dam removals could consider planning ahead for community involvement in dam removal monitoring to accommodate the technical and potentially hazardous nature of the work – broadening who may be able to participate. In addition, involving community members in setting research agendas could be an important first step in engaging them in long-term monitoring, in turn facilitating multi-generational research at the timescale of landscape-level changes. Finally, explicit relationship-building with Indigenous communities can enhance the benefits of community engagement in dam removal science for all involved. Copyright © 2023 Eitzel, Meyer, Morley, Miller, Shafroth, Behymer, Jadallah, Parks, Kagley, Shaffer and Ballard.},
	author_keywords = {citizen science; community science; dam removal; Elwha River; watershed restoration},
	correspondence_address = {M.V. Eitzel; Center for Community and Citizen Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States; email: mveitzel@ucdavis.edu},
	publisher = {Frontiers Media SA},
	issn = {2296701X},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Front. ecol. evol.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1; All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Clerkin2025,
	author = {Clerkin, Richard M. and Coggburn, Jerrell D. and Lawrence, Kara L.},
	title = {Volunteers in Name Only: Implications of Court-Mandated Service on Volunteer Management},
	year = {2025},
	journal = {Nonprofit Management and Leadership},
	doi = {10.1002/nml.21649},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85214098970&doi=10.1002%2fnml.21649&partnerID=40&md5=0e845154b2edd8c77a0043fdeb2cbd35},
	affiliations = {University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, United States; North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States},
	abstract = {For nonprofits facing a shifting volunteer base and pressure to engage volunteers in new ways, mandatory service presents both opportunities and challenges for volunteer management that are similar yet distinct from episodic volunteers. In this manuscript, we use semi-structured interview data from a sample of 26 nonprofit organizations to explore why and how nonprofits use court-mandated volunteers (CMs). We find that nonprofits base their decisions on whether and how to use CMs on instrumental, expressive, and affiliative considerations. Our findings suggest that nonprofits who use CMs perceive that engaging with CMs aligns with their mission, can accommodate many volunteer hours in a short amount of time, and possess the capacity to effectively manage CMs. However, when nonprofits choose to use CMs, especially those with full-time volunteer managers, they utilize them differently than traditional volunteers, tending to put them in sweat roles segregated from other volunteers and service beneficiaries. This differential use of CMs raises important concerns about whether this sort of mandated service can achieve its purpose of connecting CMs to their communities to curb recidivism. Further, it challenges the very notion of what it means to be a volunteer from both the coercive nature of the relationship and how this labor is used, leading us to consider individuals engaging in mandated service as volunteers in name only. © 2024 The Author(s). Nonprofit Management & Leadership published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.},
	author_keywords = {episodic volunteering; mandatory volunteering; mission alignment; volunteer management},
	correspondence_address = {R.M. Clerkin; University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, United States; email: clerkinr@uncw.edu},
	publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Inc},
	issn = {10486682},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Manage. Leadersh.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Article in press},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1}
}

@ARTICLE{de-Miguel-Molina2024277,
	author = {de-Miguel-Molina, Blanca and Boix-Domènech, Rafael and Martínez-Villanueva, Gema and de-Miguel-Molina, María},
	title = {Predicting Volunteers’ Decisions to Stay in or Quit an NGO Using Neural Networks},
	year = {2024},
	journal = {Voluntas},
	volume = {35},
	number = {2},
	pages = {277 – 291},
	doi = {10.1007/s11266-023-00590-y},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85164518958&doi=10.1007%2fs11266-023-00590-y&partnerID=40&md5=7441bbc0af99ff9cf1747f0052e06aa2},
	affiliations = {Department of Business Organisation, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera S/N, Building 7D, Valencia, 46022, Spain; Departament d’Estructura Econòmica, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Doctoral Programme in Business Management and Administration, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain},
	abstract = {This paper uses non-traditional approaches to predict why volunteers remain in or quit a non-governmental organisation position. A questionnaire featuring 55 predictors was conducted via an online survey mechanism from March to May 2021. A total of 250 responses were received. The subsequent data analysis compared logistic regression and artificial neural network results, using machine-learning interpreters to explain the features which determined decisions. The results indicate greater accuracy for neural networks. According to the logistic regression results, intrinsic motivation, volunteering through an NGO and the age of volunteers influenced the intention to remain. Moreover, NGOs that offered online volunteering opportunities during the COVID-19 pandemic had higher rates of intention to remain. However, the neural network analysis, performed using the Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations (LIME) method, indicated the need to consider different predictors to those identified by the logistic regression. The LIME method also enables the individualisation of the explanations of predictions, indicating the importance of considering the role of volunteers’ feelings in both quit and remain decisions, which is something that is not provided by traditional methods such as logistic regression. Furthermore, the LIME approach demonstrates that NGOs must address both volunteer management and experience to retain volunteers. Nonetheless, volunteer management is more critical to stop volunteers quitting, suggesting that volunteer integration is crucial. © The Author(s) 2023.},
	author_keywords = {Artificial neural networks; Garson; LIME; NGOs; Volunteer experience; Volunteer management; Volunteer profile},
	keywords = {artificial neural network; COVID-19; decision making; machine learning; nongovernmental organization; prediction; regression analysis},
	correspondence_address = {B. de-Miguel-Molina; Department of Business Organisation, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Camino de Vera S/N, Building 7D, 46022, Spain; email: bdemigu@omp.upv.es},
	publisher = {Springer},
	issn = {09578765},
	coden = {VOLUE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Voluntas},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 5}
}

@ARTICLE{Liu2023,
	author = {Liu, Huangjuan and Zhu, Yiqiang and Li, Yalan},
	title = {Multiple Network Effects: “Individual-Organization Social Interaction” Model on China’s Sustainable Voluntary Service Supply Mechanism},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {Sustainability (Switzerland)},
	volume = {15},
	number = {13},
	doi = {10.3390/su151310562},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85165094618&doi=10.3390%2fsu151310562&partnerID=40&md5=dc5075fb203f075c68ec7dd6057c6d58},
	affiliations = {School of Public Administration, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, 611130, China; School of Public Administration and Policy, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China},
	abstract = {Despite strong policy support for volunteerism, Chinese social service organizations require assistance in volunteer management, particularly concerning retaining volunteers and sustaining the supply of volunteer services. By interviewing volunteers from a successful volunteer organization and analyzing the collected data using the constructive grounded theories and methods, this study found that, contrary to the conclusions of previous studies, (1) sustainable volunteerism involves volunteers’ ability, motivation, and resources; (2) the ideal framework for the sustainability of volunteer service provision is based on a triangular support model of “individual-organization social interaction”; and (3) social interaction manifests itself in three network effects (emotional, family, and social). In particular, our analysis found that interpersonal relationships, intergenerational relationships, and parent–child education are essential to sustaining the supply of volunteer services. © 2023 by the authors.},
	author_keywords = {social organization; supply of volunteer services; sustainability; volunteer management},
	keywords = {China; education; resource management; service provision; social organization; social policy; sustainability},
	correspondence_address = {Y. Li; School of Public Administration, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, 611130, China; email: liyalan0726@ruc.edu.cn},
	publisher = {Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)},
	issn = {20711050},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Sustainability},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1; All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{la Cour2023442,
	author = {la Cour, Anders and Hustinx, Lesley and Eliasoph, Nina},
	title = {Paradoxes Within the Management of Volunteers},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {Voluntas},
	volume = {34},
	number = {3},
	pages = {442 – 451},
	doi = {10.1007/s11266-023-00578-8},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85161398990&doi=10.1007%2fs11266-023-00578-8&partnerID=40&md5=3cd795202401890f9fea7074f1ab4fd0},
	affiliations = {Copenhagen Business School, Frederiksberg, Denmark; Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States},
	abstract = {While scholars of management have extensively discussed paradoxes, scholars of volunteer management have given them little systematic attention. This special issue brings together the field of paradox studies with the research field of volunteer management. While many studies highlight paradoxes between different “missions” and mandates within volunteer-involving organizations, this introduction suggests using a “dramaturgical” approach that highlights the interplay between different actors, audiences, instruments for communication and action, and the broader moral, institutional frameworks in which the organizations operate. We review the field of paradox studies in management, then connect it to volunteer management, and then suggest ways that the dramaturgical approaches might help systematize some of the paradoxes that scholars have found in organizations that use volunteers. Next, the introduction summarizes this issue’s articles. Finally, we suggest that paradoxes take a more prominent role in studies of volunteer management. © 2023, The Author(s).},
	author_keywords = {Management; Paradox; Volunteers and voluntary organizations},
	keywords = {institutional framework; local participation; management practice; participatory approach},
	correspondence_address = {A. la Cour; Copenhagen Business School, Frederiksberg, Denmark; email: al.mpp@cbs.dk},
	publisher = {Springer},
	issn = {09578765},
	coden = {VOLUE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Voluntas},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 3; All Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Ávila20231917,
	author = {Ávila, Liliana and Amorim, Marlene},
	title = {Mechanisms adopted by social enterprises for effective volunteer-based operations},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {International Journal of Organizational Analysis},
	volume = {31},
	number = {5},
	pages = {1917 – 1934},
	doi = {10.1108/IJOA-08-2021-2892},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85121456683&doi=10.1108%2fIJOA-08-2021-2892&partnerID=40&md5=922bde433bb1e4e8ecaf24187e5b45a3},
	affiliations = {Department of Economics, Management, Industrial Engineering and Tourism, Research Unit on Governance, Competitiveness and Public Policies (GOVCOPP), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal},
	abstract = {Purpose: This paper aims to describe an exploratory study aiming to identify the mechanisms adopted by social enterprises for effective operations based on volunteer work. Design/methodology/approach: An inductive multiple case study method was used addressing three social enterprises whose operations rely on a volunteer workforce. Findings: Volunteer-based operations benefit from the establishment of a formal structure, involving different levels of volunteering complemented with other mechanisms, namely, educate and train, empower and connect. Special attention must be given to first-level volunteers, reinforcing the range of practices to motivate and engage them, as they serve as intermediaries between the paid employees and lower-level volunteers. Practical implications: The study provides valuable insights for managers for the implementation of effective operations, building on volunteer work, aiming at the generation of social and economic value. Social implications: Due to their innovative character, social enterprises are well-positioned to mobilize more and more qualified volunteers for a significant change in their communities. Adopting a more strategic and structured approach to volunteer management can enable these organizations to take advantage of it. Originality/value: This study contributes to the literature on social enterprise by identifying a set of mechanisms adopted for effective volunteer-based operations. It also contributes to the literature on volunteer management by addressing an underexplored context. © 2021, Emerald Publishing Limited.},
	author_keywords = {Hybrid organization; Social enterprise; Volunteer management; Volunteer-based operations},
	correspondence_address = {L. Ávila; Department of Economics, Management, Industrial Engineering and Tourism, Research Unit on Governance, Competitiveness and Public Policies (GOVCOPP), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; email: liliana.avila@ua.pt},
	publisher = {Emerald Publishing},
	issn = {19348835},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Int. J. Organ. Anal.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Retzer2023,
	author = {Retzer, Ameeta and Jones, Janet and Damery, Sarah and Ullah, Habib and Omonijo, Modupe and Varney, Justin and Jolly, Kate},
	title = {Retaining public health volunteers beyond COVID-19},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {PLoS ONE},
	volume = {18},
	number = {11 November},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0294157},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85176749931&doi=10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0294157&partnerID=40&md5=aeaa265cd74c66e8d4ffc775e6f7ebb5},
	affiliations = {Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Centre for Patient Reported Outcomes Research, Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Birmingham City Council, Birmingham, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {Objectives The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a change in people’s volunteering behaviours; participation has increased in informal volunteering (giving unpaid help to those who are not a relative) while decreasing in formal volunteering (unpaid help to groups or clubs). There is an interest from stakeholders who have experienced increased participation in maintaining the positive patterns of volunteering, aligning with National Health Service (NHS) objectives and realising benefits in a wider public health context. This research uses a local COVID-19 public health volunteering programme case study to explore the volunteer’s journey and perspective using volunteers’ reported experiences to consider the potential for volunteer retention and role expansion into other public health issues beyond the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Recruitment was undertaken by Birmingham City Council Public Health Team via the COVID-19 Community Champions programme mailing list. Semi-structured focus group discussions, one-to-one interviews and email interviews were conducted with volunteers. Data were analysed through directed thematic analysis using an iteratively developed coding frame. Results Data were collected from three focus group discussions, four interviews, and one email interview involving a total of 16 participants. Six themes were identified: volunteer motivations and expectations; volunteer management; programme organisation; feeling valued; continued need for role, and interest in new responsibilities. Conclusion Our findings indicate that the factors which are conducive to volunteer recruitment, retention and re-purposing were: maintaining the original terms of engaging with the volunteering opportunity (including retaining the original brief and remit), adjusting these through consultative processes with an emphasis on seeking permission from the volunteers already involved and ensuring a reliable and consistent management and support structure. While some of the learning is specific to the local volunteer programme in question and the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, there are lessons that can be generalised to other scenarios and settings. Copyright: © 2023 Retzer et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.},
	keywords = {COVID-19; Humans; Pandemics; Public Health; State Medicine; Volunteers; adult; aged; Article; community care; coronavirus disease 2019; curriculum; e-mail; female; health care delivery; health care policy; human; human experiment; immunosuppressive treatment; male; motivation; national health service; normal human; public health; questionnaire; recognition; responsibility; semi structured interview; social support; stakeholder engagement; thematic analysis; vaccination; videoconferencing; coronavirus disease 2019; pandemic; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {M. Omonijo; Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; email: c.b.jolly@bham.ac.uk},
	publisher = {Public Library of Science},
	issn = {19326203},
	coden = {POLNC},
	pmid = {37956146},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {PLoS ONE},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1; All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Sobocinska2023903,
	author = {Sobocinska, Agnieszka},
	title = {The Interpersonal and the International: Development, Volunteering and Grassroots Diplomacy in the 1960s},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {International History Review},
	volume = {45},
	number = {6},
	pages = {903 – 918},
	doi = {10.1080/07075332.2023.2245852},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85168377041&doi=10.1080%2f07075332.2023.2245852&partnerID=40&md5=3b7352380a95b7b54b1ee98614a61cde},
	affiliations = {Department of Geography and Menzies Australia Institute, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {This article examines the vexed nature of grassroots diplomacy by tracing the experiences and management of volunteers working in Asia and Africa with Britain’s Voluntary Service Overseas (VSO) and the United States Peace Corps during the 1960s. Development volunteering blurred the divide between individual bodies and the body politic and rendered the interpersonal relationships of otherwise ordinary individuals into a form of diplomatic encounter. In theory, grassroots diplomacy encouraged positive cross-cultural encounters and overt displays of international friendship. In practice, however, grassroots diplomacy also provided a space for ongoing international tensions around race, development, and neocolonialism to be contested. This article argues that the quotidian behaviour of Western volunteers provided a site of rupture through which alternative discourses and political positions could be advanced, especially by activists in Africa and Asia without access to conventional diplomatic channels. Although grassroots diplomacy was a celebrated ideal in the context of the Cold War and decolonisation, in practice non-elite agency in international relations came to be increasingly regulated by states and non-governmental organisations concerned with defending their nation’s reputation. It could also have serious impacts for individuals whose personal lives were derailed by international incidents. © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.},
	author_keywords = {Grassroots diplomacy; international development; Peace Corps; Voluntary Service Overseas; volunteering},
	correspondence_address = {A. Sobocinska; Department of Geography and Menzies Australia Institute, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom; email: agnieszka.sobocinska@kcl.ac.uk},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {07075332},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Int. Hist. Rev.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0; All Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Edeigba202280,
	author = {Edeigba, Jude and Singh, Deepica},
	title = {Nonfinancial resource management: A qualitative study of retention and engagement in not-for-profit community fund management organisation},
	year = {2022},
	journal = {Asia Pacific Management Review},
	volume = {27},
	number = {2},
	pages = {80 – 91},
	doi = {10.1016/j.apmrv.2021.05.005},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85109644000&doi=10.1016%2fj.apmrv.2021.05.005&partnerID=40&md5=02fd28fea077b7c95941c85240e74eff},
	affiliations = {Lecturer, School of Accountancy, Massey University, Bay of Plenty, New Zealand; Postgraduate, Faculty of Business, Management and Legal Studies, Toi Ohomai Institute of Technology, Bay of Plenty, New Zealand},
	abstract = {This study identifies the factors affecting volunteer retention and engagement. A dearth of research has focused on volunteering for not-for-profit organisations. These organisations are involved particularly in raising funds through public benevolence. There have been rising trends of not-for-profit organisations around the world while the number of volunteers decreases. Information on the factors influencing volunteer retention and engagement is expected to support the management of not-for-profit community services. Therefore, this study uses a case study of a not-for-profit organisation to identify the factors contributing to volunteer retention and engagement. The interview data is analysed using thematic data analysis. Benightedness, communication, management support, volunteer skills and volunteer participation in management decision making are associated with volunteer retention and engagement. These findings are expected to enhance the operation process of not-for-profit Community Fund Management Organisations. Future research is suggested to enhance the management of volunteers in other types of not-for-profit organisations. © 2021 The Authors},
	author_keywords = {Managing nonfinancial resource; Not-for-profit volunteers; Volunteer engagement; Volunteer retention},
	correspondence_address = {J. Edeigba; School of Accountancy, Massey University, New Zealand; email: j.edeigba@massey.ac.nz},
	publisher = {National Cheng Kung University},
	issn = {10293132},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Asia Pac. Manage. Rev.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 3; All Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Hager20241261,
	author = {Hager, Mark A. and Yoon, Nara},
	title = {Manager Control Over Outcomes? Nature and Nurture Over Time},
	year = {2024},
	journal = {Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly},
	volume = {53},
	number = {5},
	pages = {1261 – 1281},
	doi = {10.1177/08997640231212840},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85178233852&doi=10.1177%2f08997640231212840&partnerID=40&md5=0c8f35b2fc78a2a7fe1b490a3a656d15},
	affiliations = {Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States; James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA, United States},
	abstract = {Recent scholarship on organizational change has de-emphasized environment, core competencies at founding, and structural inertia in favor of the study of strategic management. We encourage renewed consideration of forces over which managers have less control. In a reconsideration and conceptual extension of Hager and Brudney’s nature and nurture influences on nonprofit efforts to recruit volunteers, we introduce central dimensions of organizational ecology theory. We assert that more attention to the tenets of organizational ecology will sensitize the field to the influence of environments in which organizations operate. Consistent with Hager and Brudney, our longitudinal assessment of nonprofits not only records the value of purposeful adjustments of programs but also highlights how the evolution of structural conditions plays an essential role in core organizational outcomes in volunteer management. Beyond the usual validation of strategic management, we emphasize that the influence of environment and structure is an essential determinant of the fates of organizations over time. © The Author(s) 2023.},
	author_keywords = {organizational ecology; strategy; volunteer management capacity},
	correspondence_address = {M.A. Hager; Arizona State University, Phoenix, United States; email: Mark.Hager@asu.edu},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
	issn = {08997640},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Volunt. Sect. Q.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Pirani2022933,
	author = {Pirani, Davoud and Safi-Keykaleh, Meysam and Farahi-Ashtiani, Iman and Safarpour, Hamid and Jahangiri, Katayoun},
	title = {The challenges of health volunteers management in COVID19 pandemic in Iran},
	year = {2022},
	journal = {Journal of Health Organization and Management},
	volume = {36},
	number = {7},
	pages = {933 – 949},
	doi = {10.1108/JHOM-05-2022-0146},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85135836129&doi=10.1108%2fJHOM-05-2022-0146&partnerID=40&md5=00f041305cadb72b3983ec658cbb4c5a},
	affiliations = {Department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran; Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran; Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Malayer School of Nursing, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran},
	abstract = {Purpose: The use of volunteers is one of the approaches to capacity building, preparedness and the response of the health system in disasters. Appropriate management of volunteers during disasters and emergencies is essential. This study aimed to explain the challenges of volunteer management in the Pandemic COVID-19 in Iran. Design/methodology/approach: Qualitative research was conducted using the content analysis based on the Graneheim method. The participants' selection was done based on purposeful sampling and theoretical sampling until data saturation. Direct field observation and 26 interviews were applied to collect data. Findings: Four categories and 15 sub-categories emerged to describe the challenges of volunteer management during the COVID-19 crisis including policymaking barriers (including legal barriers, insurance and support coverage and risk governance), managerial barriers (including planning, coordinating and organizing, training and awareness, command and leadership and information management and documentation), socio-cultural barriers (personal safety attitude and culture, attitudes and expectations of the community and perspectives on volunteers) and executive-operational barriers (monitoring and evaluation, cost and needs assessment). Originality/value: It is essential to increase managers', officials' and volunteers' perceptions of COVID19 risk through education and information. Preparing a database for volunteers' information, including non-governmental organization and governmental organization volunteers, planning for needs assessment, establishing a mechanism for recruiting volunteers and using their capacities and appropriate organizing, tracking and monitoring of volunteers can be among effective strategies. © 2022, Emerald Publishing Limited.},
	author_keywords = {COVID19; Disaster; Emergency; Epidemic; Volunteer management},
	keywords = {COVID-19; Disaster Planning; Humans; Iran; Pandemics; Volunteers; disaster planning; epidemiology; human; Iran; pandemic; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {K. Jahangiri; Department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; email: k.jahangiri@sbmu.ac.ir},
	publisher = {Emerald Publishing},
	issn = {14777266},
	pmid = {35949037},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Health Organ. Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 8}
}

@ARTICLE{Windon2024289,
	author = {Windon, Suzanna and Robotham, Daniel and Echols, Ann},
	title = {Importance of organizational volunteer retention and communication with volunteers during the COVID-19 pandemic},
	year = {2024},
	journal = {Community Development},
	volume = {55},
	number = {2},
	pages = {289 – 305},
	doi = {10.1080/15575330.2023.2186457},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85150503134&doi=10.1080%2f15575330.2023.2186457&partnerID=40&md5=9ef5e2cc1ec86ff95bdeda61595ee786},
	affiliations = {Pennsylvania State University, United States; Volunteer Centre County, United States},
	abstract = {We used the online survey method to explore the relationship between the importance of volunteer retention during the COVID-19 pandemic and organizational volunteer communication practices among nonprofit organizations’ leaders of local communities. The target population for our study was 696 nonprofit organizational leaders. The response rate was 10.6%. Organizational volunteer communication practices explain 63% of the importance of organizational volunteer retention during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the challenges posed by COVID-19, organizations placed significant value on effective organizational communication practices, especially in developing trusting relationships with volunteers, encouraging free-flowing communication, and listening to volunteers. Outreach educators and volunteer administrators should educate local nonprofit leaders on effective communication practices during times of uncertainty. Organizations that depend heavily on volunteers must ensure that their leaders understand the importance of communication strategies and implement them effectively. For local community nonprofit leaders, organizational volunteer communication skills are even more crucial during crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. © 2023 Community Development Society.},
	author_keywords = {COVID-19 pandemic; Importance of organizational volunteer retention; nonprofit community leaders; organization volunteer communication},
	correspondence_address = {S. Windon; Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 209 B Ferguson Building, 16802, United States; email: sxk75@psu.edu},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {15575330},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Community Dev.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 3}
}

@ARTICLE{Lo20241787,
	author = {Lo, Irene and Manshadi, Vahideh and Rodilitz, Scott and Shameli, Ali},
	title = {Commitment on Volunteer Crowdsourcing Platforms: Implications for Growth and Engagement},
	year = {2024},
	journal = {Manufacturing and Service Operations Management},
	volume = {26},
	number = {5},
	pages = {1787 – 1805},
	doi = {10.1287/msom.2020.0426},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85204774324&doi=10.1287%2fmsom.2020.0426&partnerID=40&md5=a22a6818655022a31ffde03c20f60804},
	affiliations = {Management Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, 94305, CA, United States; School of Management, Yale University, New Haven, 06511, CT, United States; Anderson School of Management, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, 90095, CA, United States; Instacart, San Francisco, 94107, CA, United States},
	abstract = {Problem definition: Volunteer crowdsourcing platforms match volunteers with tasks that are often recurring. To ensure completion of such tasks, platforms frequently use a lever known as "adoption,"which amounts to a commitment by the volunteer to repeatedly perform the task. Despite reducing match uncertainty, high levels of adoption can decrease the probability of forming new matches, which in turn can suppress growth. We study how platforms should manage this trade-off. Our research is motivated by a collaboration with Food Rescue U.S. (FRUS), a volunteer-based food recovery organization active in more than 30 locations. For platforms such as FRUS, effectively using nonmonetary levers, such as adoption, is critical. Methodology/results: Motivated by the volunteer management literature and our analysis of FRUS data, we develop a model for two-sided markets that repeatedly match volunteers with tasks. We study the platform's optimal policy for setting the adoption level to maximize the total discounted number of matches. When market participants are homogeneous, we fully characterize the optimal myopic policy and show that it takes a simple extreme form: depending on volunteer characteristics and market thickness, either allow for full adoption or disallow adoption. In the long run, we show that such a policy is either optimal or achieves a constant-factor approximation. We further extend our analysis to settings with heterogeneity and find that the structure of the optimal myopic policy remains the same if volunteers are heterogeneous. However, if tasks are heterogeneous, it can be optimal to only allow adoption for the harder-to-match tasks. Managerial implications: Our work sheds light on how two-sided platforms need to carefully control the double-edged impacts that commitment levers have on growth and engagement. Setting a misguided adoption level may result in marketplace decay. At the same time, a one-size-fits-all solution may not be effective, as the optimal design crucially depends on the characteristics of the volunteer population.  © 2024 INFORMS.},
	author_keywords = {auctions and mechanism design; humanitarian operations; nonprofit management; service operations; stochastic methods},
	keywords = {Crowdsourcing; Information management; Marketplaces; Nonprofit organization; Optimal systems; Population statistics; Profitability; Stochastic models; Structural optimization; Adoption level; Auctions and mechanism designs; Crowdsourcing platforms; Humanitarian operations; Myopic policy; Nonprofit managements; Problem definition; Service operations; Stochastic methods; Uncertainty; Stochastic systems},
	correspondence_address = {V. Manshadi; School of Management, Yale University, New Haven, 06511, United States; email: vahideh.manshadi@yale.edu},
	publisher = {INFORMS Inst.for Operations Res.and the Management Sciences},
	issn = {15234614},
	coden = {MSOMF},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Manuf. Serv. Oper. Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 2; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{El-Amin2023101,
	author = {El-Amin, Abeni},
	title = {Utilizing Effective Volunteer Management to Elevate Nonprofit Organizational Capacity},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {Journal of Nonprofit Education and Leadership},
	volume = {13},
	number = {2},
	pages = {101 – 111},
	doi = {10.18666/JNEL-2022-11716},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85193377437&doi=10.18666%2fJNEL-2022-11716&partnerID=40&md5=70c2ce8b9e68ed51c2981c93a260120a},
	affiliations = {Shenyang Normal University, China},
	abstract = {The purpose of this expose is to focus on volunteer recruitment as a matter of nonprofit educational and leadership practice. Volunteer recruitment is one of the various components of nonprofit organizational sustainability, which includes volunteer recruitment, retention, management, leadership, and organizational performance. Provided is in-depth review of volunteer recruitment as a topic, its issues, trends, and strategies for effective practice in volunteer management. Nonprofit organizations are considered an important economic sector and must build capacity to remain sustainable. Therefore, exceeding financial targets helps to sustain nonprofits in volatile times. Utilizing volunteers helps to stabilize budgetary constraints. Moreover, nonprofit organizations are developed with five major considerations: historical need, market failure/ growth, government failure/growth, pluralism, and collective impact. © 2023, Sagamore Publishing LLC. All rights reserved.},
	author_keywords = {nonprofit capacity development; nonprofit financial management; Nonprofit organizational; volunteer leadership; volunteer management; volunteer retention},
	correspondence_address = {A. El-Amin; Shenyang Normal University, China; email: abeni.elamin@gmail.com},
	publisher = {Sagamore Publishing LLC},
	issn = {23747838},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Nonprofit. Educ. Leadersh.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 2}
}

@ARTICLE{Cnaan2025837,
	author = {Cnaan, Ram A. and Unetic, Phoebe E. and Choi, Daniel},
	title = {In-Person Volunteering in the Times of the Pandemic: Lessons for Organizations Dependent on Essential Volunteering},
	year = {2025},
	journal = {Nonprofit Management and Leadership},
	volume = {35},
	number = {4},
	pages = {837 – 847},
	doi = {10.1002/nml.21654},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85218825820&doi=10.1002%2fnml.21654&partnerID=40&md5=fa37e91ae474e9f6c1fb3e2b78e9d6cf},
	affiliations = {School of Social Policy & Practice, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Kyung Hee University, Graduate Institute of Peace Studies, Seoul, South Korea; Community Engagement and Volunteer Services, MANNA, Philadelphia, PA, United States},
	abstract = {This research note focuses on the experience of nonprofit organizations that relied on in-person essential volunteers during the pandemic to conduct their core, mission-related programs. We use unique case data from a survey of a single organization's volunteers before and during the pandemic. We found that there were very few socio-demographic differences between volunteers before and during the pandemic. However, the organization's volunteer administrative data revealed important differences in the modes that volunteers engaged with the organization. While the total number of volunteers decreased significantly, the number and frequency of individual volunteers volunteering alone increased during the pandemic, and the decline in volunteers overall was driven by the many organized groups of volunteers that the organization depended on pre-pandemic, which declined precipitously. Individual, committed volunteers became more essential to the organization during the pandemic to help sustain the organization when their stable flows of revolving volunteer groups ended. The prior volunteer management inattention to core, individual volunteers before the pandemic and over-reliance on revolving volunteer groups left the nonprofit vulnerable at the time of the pandemic disruption, which provides lessons for many similar organizations. Our findings suggest that organizations that benefit from steady volunteer groups should do more to promote individual volunteer loyalty while also managing the revolving door of groups. © 2025 The Author(s). Nonprofit Management & Leadership published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.},
	author_keywords = {COVID-19; disruptive extreme context; episodic volunteers; essential volunteers; volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {P.E. Unetic; School of Social Policy & Practice, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States; email: unetic@upenn.edu},
	publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Inc},
	issn = {10486682},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Manage. Leadersh.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1}
}

@ARTICLE{Koçak2025,
	author = {Koçak, Hüseyin and Kuday, Ahmet Doğan and Kınık, Kerem and Çalışkan, Cüneyt and Çelebi, İsmet and Açıksarı, Kurtuluş},
	title = {Evaluating the Turkish Red Crescent’s (Türk Kızılay) disaster response: insights from the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes},
	year = {2025},
	journal = {BMC Public Health},
	volume = {25},
	number = {1},
	doi = {10.1186/s12889-025-21950-x},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85219182918&doi=10.1186%2fs12889-025-21950-x&partnerID=40&md5=1493a534ced63d9152815f543533dee4},
	affiliations = {Department of Emergency Aid and Disaster Management, Hamidiye Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of First and Emergency Aid, Vocational School of Health Services, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of First and Emergency Aid, Vocational School of Health Services, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey; Directorate General for Disaster Management and Climate Change, Türk Kızılay, Ankara, Turkey},
	abstract = {Background: The 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes, one of Turkey’s most devastating disasters, highlighted the importance of effective disaster response operations. This study evaluates the experiences of Turkish Red Crescent (Türk Kızılay) personnel during the earthquake response to identify operational strengths and weaknesses and provide recommendations for enhancing disaster management practices. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted with 683 Türk Kızılay personnel who participated in the earthquake response. Data were collected through structured surveys comprising quantitative metrics and qualitative feedback. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS for descriptive and inferential statistics, while qualitative data were subjected to thematic analysis. Results: Participants were predominantly male (77.5%), with an average age of 35.66 years. Over two-thirds (68.5%) were deployed within 10 days post-earthquake, with an average deployment of 64.02 days. Nearly half (47.7%) had prior disaster experience, of which 38.2% was earthquake-related. Strengths included nutrition services, humanitarian aid, and logistics, while weaknesses were evident in shelter provision, crisis management, and volunteer coordination. Challenges related to hygiene facilities, workforce distribution, and rest support were common. Despite these, personnel reported strong organizational belonging, effective stakeholder relationships, and positive perceptions of leadership. Conclusions: This study underscores the critical role of Türk Kızılay personnel in disaster response, revealing both operational successes and areas for development. Enhanced resource management, personnel support systems, and field hygiene improvements are necessary to strengthen disaster response capabilities and ensure personnel well-being. © The Author(s) 2025.},
	author_keywords = {Disaster response; Earthquake; Humanitarian aid; Kızılay; Public Health},
	keywords = {Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Disaster Planning; Earthquakes; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Red Cross; Relief Work; Retrospective Studies; Surveys and Questionnaires; Turkey; adult; cross-sectional study; disaster planning; earthquake; female; human; male; middle aged; organization and management; questionnaire; Red Cross; relief work; retrospective study; turkey (bird)},
	correspondence_address = {A.D. Kuday; Department of First and Emergency Aid, Vocational School of Health Services, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Istanbul, Turkey; email: dogankuday@gmail.com},
	publisher = {BioMed Central Ltd},
	issn = {14712458},
	pmid = {40000996},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {BMC Public Health},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0; All Open Access, Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Schwarzmann2025547,
	author = {Schwarzmann, Vera and Merfeld, Katrin and Kreutzer, Karin},
	title = {Navigating Age Diversity in Volunteer Teams: Barriers and Enablers of Teamwork},
	year = {2025},
	journal = {Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly},
	volume = {54},
	number = {3},
	pages = {547 – 582},
	doi = {10.1177/08997640241262215},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85200054411&doi=10.1177%2f08997640241262215&partnerID=40&md5=6205a522b822a4fb5059ad46b18673bc},
	affiliations = {EBS Universität für Wirtschaft und Recht, Oestrich-Winkel, Germany; Utrecht University School of Economics, Netherlands},
	abstract = {Despite demographic change leading to increased age diversity among volunteers, extant research offers limited guidance on how organizations can manage age-diverse volunteer teams. In this study, we delve into the dynamics of age diversity in a volunteer context by analyzing the case of German World Shops. We collected extensive ethnographic and interview data from age-diverse volunteer teams over a period of 2.5 years. In our analysis, we identified three overarching barriers to age-diverse teamwork—resistance to change and innovation, communication preferences, and power dynamics—and three enablers—creating space to experiment, ensuring protected spaces, and fostering spaces of encounter. In doing so, we contribute to the existing literature on diversity in volunteering and offer guidance for volunteer coordinators to foster collaboration and the build-up of relational capital among volunteers to create successful age-diverse volunteer teams. Moreover, this research opens avenues for further exploration into this emerging and critical phenomenon. © The Author(s) 2024.},
	author_keywords = {age diversity; qualitative research; volunteering},
	correspondence_address = {K. Merfeld; Utrecht University School of Economics, Utrecht, Kriekenpitplein 21-22, 3584 EC, Netherlands; email: k.merfeld@uu.nl},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
	issn = {08997640},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Volunt. Sect. Q.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Newport2024238,
	author = {Newport, Kara and Frank, Erika},
	title = {A New Model for Volunteerism},
	year = {2024},
	journal = {Journal of Museum Education},
	volume = {49},
	number = {2},
	pages = {238 – 247},
	doi = {10.1080/10598650.2024.2346682},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85200378688&doi=10.1080%2f10598650.2024.2346682&partnerID=40&md5=a76a639f02cab9b4eb76ab7fa80e242a},
	affiliations = {University of Michigan, United States},
	abstract = {As with many Volunteer Programs, volunteerism at Filoli began in support of a fledgling organization in 1975. Initially a separate nonprofit, Friends of Filoli was created with the purpose of fundraising and other support, but was dissolved in 1989 as it was not self-sufficient. The leadership structure, however, remained and later merged with the Board of Directors, creating confusion and discontent. The program peaked at 1,500 volunteers, and was outsizing service needs, not aligned with Filoli’s strategic direction, and a considerable investment of time and management. Volunteers were largely self-managed, but were not following industry best practices and were unsupportive of needed changes for the organization to be viable. As staff implemented best practices, volunteers responded negatively and publicly. Based on staff investment, diminished returns, and negative culture, the model was unsustainable, so the organization took action to assess the needs through a professional consultant to reframe volunteerism. In 2022 Filoli launched Service Learning, a new project-based program that provides an opportunity for learning and volunteerism. Now, Filoli has no dedicated volunteer coordinator, no docents, and no dedicated volunteer database. Yet there is still a robust program for volunteerism, with 650 participants and 2,400 service hours in 2023 alone. © 2024 Filoli.},
	author_keywords = {Filoli; new model; service learning; Volunteer; volunteerism},
	publisher = {Taylor and Francis Ltd.},
	issn = {10598650},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Mus. Educ.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Arnon20231633,
	author = {Arnon, Liora and Almog-Bar, Michal and Cnaan, Ram A.},
	title = {Volunteer Engageability: A Conceptual Framework},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly},
	volume = {52},
	number = {6},
	pages = {1633 – 1659},
	doi = {10.1177/08997640221132499},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85143235925&doi=10.1177%2f08997640221132499&partnerID=40&md5=676673e9291422fdc5dccf983a3a25c3},
	affiliations = {The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel; The Israeli Volunteering, Council, Ben-Shemen, Israel; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States; Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea},
	abstract = {In this article, we introduce the concept of “engageability,” which refers to the ability of volunteer-employing nonprofit organizations to engage, motivate, and manage volunteers to maximize their potential and sustain the volunteering human resource. Engageability conceptually complements the two well-established concepts of volunteerability and recruitability. By offering this conceptual framework, we enable volunteer-employing organizations to assess the degree to which they are engaging volunteers and to make improvements in this regard. Engageability questions how organizations that have already recruited volunteers make themselves volunteer-friendly and engage volunteers effectively. Based on the literature, we offer a comprehensive framework that considers a large set of organizational practices from germane to engageability, framing them into four fundamental clusters: (a) value-based (ideological), (b) managerial, (c) physical, and (d) supportive connections. We introduce the conceptual model and provide explanation for each cluster and each with-cluster organizational practices and discuss the potential contribution of this conceptual model. © The Author(s) 2022.},
	author_keywords = {best practices; engageability; organizational dynamics; recruitability; volunteer management; volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {L. Arnon; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel; email: lioraa@ivolunteer.org.il},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
	issn = {08997640},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Volunt. Sect. Q.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 7; All Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Paull2022833,
	author = {Paull, Megan and Holmes, Kirsten and Omari, Maryam and Haski-Leventhal, Debbie and MacCallum, Judith and Young, Susan and Scott, Rowena},
	title = {Myths and Misconceptions About University Student Volunteering: Development and Perpetuation},
	year = {2022},
	journal = {Voluntas},
	volume = {33},
	number = {4},
	pages = {833 – 845},
	doi = {10.1007/s11266-021-00437-4},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85122152366&doi=10.1007%2fs11266-021-00437-4&partnerID=40&md5=b17b7c728c01b414519cf623c92b4727},
	affiliations = {Murdoch Business School, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia; School of Marketing, Faculty of Business and Law, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia; School of Business and Law, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia; Macquarie Business School, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia; College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia; Social Work and Social Policy, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia},
	abstract = {This paper examines myths and misconceptions about university student volunteering. Our study explored the experiences of students, host organisations and universities participating in volunteering in Australia, identify good practice, and discover barriers to success. A qualitative approach involved 60 semi-structured interviews with stakeholders. Students were often seen as being energetic, having flexible time and having skills associated with their studies. Some organisations, however, viewed students as unreliable, hard to manage and requiring specific programs. Some hosts were viewed as not valuing student volunteers, or not having the capacity to supervise. These perceptions were found to be nuanced. Erroneous myths were seen to develop from a single event, later confirmed by a ‘related’ event; in scenarios with multiple players, motivations, and complexities. The potential for misconceptions to undermine the true value of student volunteering for all stakeholders is ameliorated when there is common understanding, clear expectation setting, and ongoing dialogue. © 2021, International Society for Third-Sector Research.},
	author_keywords = {Host organisations; Misconceptions; Myths; Sensemaking; Student volunteering; Volunteer management},
	keywords = {Australia; management; organization; stakeholder; student; university sector},
	correspondence_address = {M. Paull; Murdoch Business School, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia; email: m.paull@murdoch.edu.au},
	publisher = {Springer},
	issn = {09578765},
	coden = {VOLUE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Voluntas},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 4; All Open Access, Bronze Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Power2022,
	author = {Power, Gareth and Nedvetskaya, Olesya},
	title = {An Empirical Exploration of Volunteer Management Theory and Practice: Considerations for Sport Events in a “Post-COVID-19” World},
	year = {2022},
	journal = {Frontiers in Sports and Active Living},
	volume = {4},
	doi = {10.3389/fspor.2022.689209},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85127570755&doi=10.3389%2ffspor.2022.689209&partnerID=40&md5=a43b742a870bbe84fac6b846c05c764a},
	affiliations = {Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {The existing literature highlights some universal principles that are widely accepted as a good volunteer management practice, e. g., volunteer appreciation and recognition, provision of meaningful roles, effective communication, and the importance of relational connection, just to name a few. Yet, it can be argued that a gap exists in the relationship between volunteer management theory and practice in the context of large sport events. For example, published evidence shows that volunteer programs often lack effective planning and management to achieve successful program results. On one hand, this can be attributable to limited knowledge about volunteers' characteristics and motivations, their lived experiences, the processes of volunteering, and the actual volunteer management practices. On the other hand, a lack of the right mechanisms (e.g., political will, financial, and managerial resources) in place before and throughout the event lifespan intensifies this disconnect. The aim of this research, therefore, was to critically examine the reasons behind this theory-practice divide in volunteer–volunteer management relationship and its potential impact on volunteer experiences and volunteer program outcomes, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and its implications for sport event organizers and volunteer managers in the UK. A mixed methods approach was adopted for this study: a survey conducted with volunteers (n = 101) combined with a series of interviews with volunteers (n = 8) and volunteer managers (n = 6). The study identified some potential challenges facing volunteer programs associated with large sport events post-pandemic, particularly in relation to volunteer recruitment, volunteer management, and safety concerns affecting volunteer confidence to re-engage in volunteering. These challenges carry with them certain resource implications that event organizers need to consider to effectively run volunteer programs and support volunteers in engagement and re-engagement following the pandemic, as well as to harness opportunities the pandemic has potentially created to successfully re-emerge from the shadow of COVID-19. The study provides specific recommendations to inform event planning and delivery to enhance volunteer experiences and, ultimately, outcomes of volunteer programs associated with large sport events. Copyright © 2022 Power and Nedvetskaya.},
	author_keywords = {COVID-19; events; large sport events; management; pandemic; sport; volunteer management; volunteering},
	correspondence_address = {G. Power; Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; email: gpower@cardiffmet.ac.uk},
	publisher = {Frontiers Media S.A.},
	issn = {26249367},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Frontier. Sport. Act. Living.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 9; All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Piatak2023276,
	author = {Piatak, Jaclyn S. and Joanne G. Carman},
	title = {Unpacking the volunteer experience: The influence of volunteer management on retention and promotion of the organization},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {Journal of Public and Nonprofit Affairs},
	volume = {9},
	number = {3},
	pages = {276 – 296},
	doi = {10.20899/jpna.9.3.1-19},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85181826997&doi=10.20899%2fjpna.9.3.1-19&partnerID=40&md5=ee896993ac2144cd0ff671634c179aee},
	affiliations = {University of North Carolina, Charlotte, United States},
	abstract = {Volunteers play a vital role in nonprofit organizations. While considerable research examines volunteer recruitment and volunteer management, less is known about how to manage volunteers in such a way that inspires volunteers to continue to volunteer and to promote the organization. Using original survey data, we examine how volunteer experiences influence retention and volunteer promotion of the organization using the Net Promoter Score (NPS). The findings suggest that investing in training is paramount, along with making volunteers from diverse backgrounds feel welcome and included. Organizational support, very likely, plays a role too, in that interactions with paid staff and experience with the organization are positive predictors as well. These findings along with qualitative feedback from volunteers offer new insights on how to help nonprofit organizations bridge recruitment and retention efforts. © 2023 Midwest Public Affairs Conference. All rights reserved.},
	author_keywords = {Volunteer Management; Volunteer Promotion; Volunteer Retention},
	publisher = {Midwest Public Affairs Conference},
	issn = {23813717},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Public Nonprofit Aff.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 5; All Open Access, Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Chang2022412,
	author = {Chang, Kathy Z. and Gracey, Kristina and Lamparello, Brooke and Nandawula, Bridget and Pandhi, Nancy},
	title = {Global Health Training Collaborations: Lessons Learned and Best Practices},
	year = {2022},
	journal = {American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene},
	volume = {106},
	number = {2},
	pages = {412 – 418},
	doi = {10.4269/ajtmh.21-0193},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85125013865&doi=10.4269%2fajtmh.21-0193&partnerID=40&md5=b264bf780b19549bee5602f0870d7315},
	affiliations = {Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States; Engeye Inc., Albany, NY, United States; Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Massachusetts, Medical School, Barre, MA, United States; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, United States},
	abstract = {Interest in global health training experiences among trainees from higher income countries has grown. The Working Group on Ethics Guidelines for Global Health Training (WEIGHT) clarified best practices in 2010 based on expert consensus. These guidelines address both balancing priorities in international partnerships and local sustainability concerns related to short-term experiences. However, the guidelines can be difficult to implement in actual practice. Because our organization predated the availability of these consensus guidelines, we reviewed our current set of practices for hosting service-learning programs at our rural Ugandan clinic for adherence to the WEIGHT guidelines. The discrete activities and standardized processes developed over 10 years of hosting experiences were grouped into broader hosting categories, with consensus among the hosting and sending volunteer coordinators of our non-governmental organization partnership. These practices were then mapped to the WEIGHT guidelines. We found our implementation strategies map these guidelines into a clear checklist of actions that can be used by coordinators involved in global health training programs. We include some of the historical reasons that led to our current processes, which may help other partnerships identify similar practice gaps. We anticipate that this action-oriented checklist with historical context will help accomplish the difficult implementation of best practices in global health training collaborations.  © 2022 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.},
	keywords = {Global Health; Guideline Adherence; Guidelines as Topic; Humans; International Cooperation; Staff Development; Uganda; United States; article; checklist; consensus; global health; human; non-governmental organization; practice gap; practice guideline; training; Ugandan; education; global health; international cooperation; organization and management; personnel management; protocol compliance; Uganda; United States},
	correspondence_address = {K.Z. Chang; Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of New Mexico, School of Medicine, Albuquerque, 2400 Tucker Ave. NE, 87106, United States; email: kzchang@salud.unm.edu},
	publisher = {American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene},
	issn = {00029637},
	coden = {AJTHA},
	pmid = {34844212},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 4; All Open Access, Bronze Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{van Overbeeke202233,
	author = {van Overbeeke, Philine S. M. and Koolen-Maas, Stephanie A. and Meijs, Lucas C. P. M. and Brudney, Jeffrey L.},
	title = {You Shall (Not) Pass: Strategies for Third-Party Gatekeepers to Enhance Volunteer Inclusion},
	year = {2022},
	journal = {Voluntas},
	volume = {33},
	number = {1},
	pages = {33 – 45},
	doi = {10.1007/s11266-021-00384-0},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85112754422&doi=10.1007%2fs11266-021-00384-0&partnerID=40&md5=d2f968114b621b4233cff8026fd26afa},
	affiliations = {Department of Business-Society Management, Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Center for Philanthropic Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of Public and International Affairs, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, United States},
	abstract = {Volunteering appears to be a mechanism that can contribute to societal inclusion. As nonprofit organizations continuously seek more volunteers, opportunities for volunteer inclusion seem limitless. We argue that, in reality, it is not that simple. Volunteer exclusion derives from the failure to seek, recruit, and place potential volunteers with antecedents predicting non-volunteering. This article focuses on the “sending-organization” in dual volunteer management. We look at sending-organizations, such as a corporation or school, that organizes volunteer opportunities for its participants in a “receiving-organization,” i.e., the organization where the volunteer service is performed. Based on qualitative data generated from semi-structured and vignette interviews, we explore the crucial role that gatekeepers at the sending-organization play in the inclusion and exclusion of volunteers in receiving-organizations. We identify three strategies for these sending-gatekeepers to enhance volunteer inclusion: encouraging, enabling, and enforcing. © 2021, The Author(s).},
	author_keywords = {Strategies for volunteer inclusion; Third-party volunteering; Volunteer exclusion; Volunteer gatekeepers; Volunteer inclusion},
	keywords = {nonprofit organization; social exclusion; social inclusion; strategic approach; voluntary approach},
	correspondence_address = {P.S.M. van Overbeeke; Department of Business-Society Management, Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands; email: vanoverbeeke@rsm.nl},
	publisher = {Springer},
	issn = {09578765},
	coden = {VOLUE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Voluntas},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 10; All Open Access, Green Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Meng2025,
	author = {Meng, Qingchun and Feng, Bo and Yu, Guodong},
	title = {Dynamic volunteer assignment: Integrating skill diversity, task variability and volunteer preferences},
	year = {2025},
	journal = {Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review},
	volume = {197},
	doi = {10.1016/j.tre.2025.104068},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-105000065692&doi=10.1016%2fj.tre.2025.104068&partnerID=40&md5=f73d4586bb5b8c63995c2ec2a1e47940},
	affiliations = {School of Management, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China},
	abstract = {Non-profit organizations rely critically on volunteers for effective disaster response. Managing diverse skills and varying participation levels of volunteers poses significant challenges, especially under the fluctuating demands and the uncertainty of task completion typical of disaster scenarios. This study introduces a model that dynamically optimizes volunteer allocation, enhancing disaster response efficiency and volunteer engagement. Integrating a multi-task queuing model with a dynamic priority policy within a Markov Decision Process framework, the model aims to minimize costs associated with task backlogs and volunteer services. Utilizing deep neural networks and policy iteration, the model handles large-scale environments and reduces costs through volunteer allocation. This adaptive approach responds to changing task demands, focusing on minimizing the long-term operational costs of volunteer management. Experimental results demonstrate that this dynamic allocation significantly reduces disaster response costs and decreases volunteer participation expenses without requiring additional resources, underscoring the importance for non-profit organizations to strategically manage their volunteer labor, taking into account the attributes of volunteers. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd},
	author_keywords = {Deep Reinforcement Learning; Disaster response; Dynamic allocation; Markov Decision Process; Skill Diversity; Volunteer management},
	keywords = {Markov processes; Nonprofit organization; Disaster scenario; Disaster-response; Dynamic allocations; Markov Decision Processes; Non profit organizations; Reinforcement learnings; Response efficiencies; Skill diversity; Uncertainty; Volunteers managements; artificial neural network; disaster management; machine learning; nonprofit organization; numerical model; participatory approach; policy approach; Deep reinforcement learning},
	correspondence_address = {G. Yu; School of Management, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China; email: iseyg@sdu.edu.cn},
	publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
	issn = {13665545},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Transp. Res. Part E Logist. Transp. Rev.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Yates202285,
	author = {Yates, David and Difrancesco, Rita Maria},
	title = {The view from the front line: shifting beneficiary accountability and interrelatedness in the time of a global pandemic},
	year = {2022},
	journal = {Accounting, Auditing and Accountability Journal},
	volume = {35},
	number = {1},
	pages = {85 – 96},
	doi = {10.1108/AAAJ-08-2020-4811},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85106306202&doi=10.1108%2fAAAJ-08-2020-4811&partnerID=40&md5=f9544d6fa5f2ebed20c62521ead2b1bc},
	affiliations = {Accounting Group, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Marketing, Operations and Supply Department, EADA, Barcelona, Spain},
	abstract = {Purpose: We discuss the beneficiary accountability implications that arose due to the COVID-19 pandemic (and resultant social distancing restrictions) for a branch of a religious non-governmental organisation (NGO) based in mainland Spain, whose main beneficiaries are homeless individuals. Design/methodology/approach: We utilise a singular case method to observe accountability implications in the case organisation. We also utilise two sources of primary data: eight semi-structured interviews with volunteers of the NGO branch, supported by auto-ethnographic data recorded in forty-six diary entries throughout the period of research. Findings: As the main mechanism for the discharge of beneficiary accountability for the case organisation is through action, this was affected greatly by the COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing measures. Beneficiary accountability (discharged through action) changed rapidly, resulting in neglect of previous beneficiaries, carrying profound implications for charitable actors, beneficiaries and the organisation. Research limitations/implications: Our case focuses on that of a small organisation, and therefore the generalisability of findings will be somewhat limited and context specific. The number of interviews (eight) is also relatively small. Practical implications: Insights can be drawn for the management of volunteers, alignment of personally held accountabilities of internal actors with those of organisations and emotional aspects of accountability for NGO managers and organisers. Originality/value: NGO accountability theorisation is enhanced via the use of Levinas' Judaic writings concerning the importance of the ritual practice of ethics for the individual involved in charitable action. The intertwined nature of personal accountability of volunteers and beneficiary accountability for the organisation is emphasised. © 2021, Emerald Publishing Limited.},
	author_keywords = {Accountability; COVID-19; Levinas; NGO; Spain},
	correspondence_address = {D. Yates; Accounting Group, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom; email: d.yates@aston.ac.uk},
	publisher = {Emerald Group Holdings Ltd.},
	issn = {09513574},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Account. Audit. Account. J.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 21; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Gosine202321,
	author = {Gosine, Kevin and Parker, Darlene Ciuffetelli and Gallagher, Tiffany},
	title = {Bridging and Bonding: A Case for Prioritizing Social and Organizational Connectedness in Non-Profit Literacy Programming},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {International Journal of Community Well-Being},
	volume = {6},
	number = {1},
	pages = {21 – 41},
	doi = {10.1007/s42413-022-00186-2},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85169091841&doi=10.1007%2fs42413-022-00186-2&partnerID=40&md5=d9945c388f5421eeaab1354d5c85c81e},
	affiliations = {Department of Sociology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada; Department of Educational Studies, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada},
	abstract = {The present study contributes to the existing literature by highlighting the ways in which non-profit community literacy organizations can benefit individuals and communities in ways that transcend their stated missions. We employed a qualitative research design whereby data were collected via in-depth individual interviews and focus groups with program users (n = 72), staff (n = 11), and program leads (n = 8). Findings revealed that, in addition to supporting traditionally defined notions of literacy, programs presented participants with opportunities to cultivate bridging and bonding social capital. By way of the conditions created and programmatic measures employed within programs, bridging social capital often strengthened into deeper bonding ties between and amongst service users and, in many cases, staff and volunteers. Administrators and staff described efforts to create program cultures conducive to the development of social capital. The research illuminates how non-profit community entities can empower individual service users and their communities beyond their stated missions by fostering social and organizational connectedness, promoting communal cohesion and social trust, and cultivating typically unacknowledged talents, strengths and assets within marginalized communities. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.},
	author_keywords = {Adult education; Community cultural wealth; Community development; Literacy; Marginalization; Non-profit; Social capital},
	correspondence_address = {K. Gosine; Department of Sociology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada; email: kgosine@brocku.ca},
	publisher = {Springer Nature},
	issn = {25245295},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Int. Journal of Com. WB},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1; All Open Access, Green Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Won202563,
	author = {Won, Doyeon and Chiu, Weisheng and Lee, Cindy and Bang, Hyejin},
	title = {The Impact of Internal Marketing Activities on Mandatory Volunteers in Sport: A Case from the 2019 Military World Games in China},
	year = {2025},
	journal = {Journal of Global Sport Management},
	volume = {10},
	number = {1},
	pages = {63 – 83},
	doi = {10.1080/24704067.2023.2197460},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-86000429413&doi=10.1080%2f24704067.2023.2197460&partnerID=40&md5=a05d7745fef8f267a437e737efae5022},
	affiliations = {Department of Kinesiology, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX, United States; Sports and Recreation Management Programme, Lee Shau Kee School of Business and Administration, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Ho Man Tin, Hong Kong; College of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States; Department of Counseling, Recreation, and School Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States},
	abstract = {Given the importance of volunteers to the successful operation of sport events, the current study investigated, based on the volunteer process model (VPM), the role of internal marketing in the relationships between volunteer role ambiguity, commitment, and intention to volunteer among mandatory volunteers in a mega sport event setting. Data were collected, using an online questionnaire, from 507 mandatory volunteers in the 2019 Military World Games held in China and primarily analyzed using the partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results indicated that internal marketing was significantly associated with role ambiguity, affective commitment, and intention to volunteer, while role ambiguity was significantly related to affective commitment and volunteer intention. The results suggest that the practice of internal marketing can contribute to volunteer outcomes in the context of mandatory volunteering by reducing role ambiguity, increasing organizational commitment, and enhancing future volunteering intention. © 2023 Global Alliance of Marketing & Management Associations (GAMMA).},
	author_keywords = {Internal marketing; mandatory volunteering; sport volunteers; volunteer management; volunteer process model},
	correspondence_address = {W. Chiu; Sports and Recreation Management Programme, Lee Shau Kee School of Business and Administration, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Ho Man Tin, 30 Good Shepherd St, Hong Kong; email: weishengchiu@gmail.com},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {24704067},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Global Sport Manag.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 2}
}

@ARTICLE{McAllum202532,
	author = {McAllum, Kirstie},
	title = {Ideal Workers, Supporting Actors, or Thrill Seekers? How Coworker Demands Influence Ambulance Volunteers’ Experiences of Freedom and Meaningful Work},
	year = {2025},
	journal = {Voluntas},
	volume = {36},
	number = {1},
	pages = {32 – 42},
	doi = {10.1007/s11266-024-00690-3},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-86000429376&doi=10.1007%2fs11266-024-00690-3&partnerID=40&md5=da4bd9dfa7a138881e7a73f95bf95ab2},
	affiliations = {Department of Media and Communication, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand},
	abstract = {For nonprofit organizations (NPOs) struggling to attract adequate numbers of volunteers, examining what makes nonprofit engagement meaningful is essential because disenchanted volunteers can simply quit. Yet, the assumption that freedom is a core aspect of the volunteer experience and of meaningful work may not hold true in high-stakes environments where volunteers must demonstrate high levels of commitment and expertise. This study aims to analyze how freedom plays out in high-stakes volunteering and its impact on meaningful work. Drawing on interviews with volunteer and paid ambulance crew working in nine stations in Aotearoa New Zealand, the study explores how “super-volunteers” talk about freedom in the context of their on-road work and how coworkers communicatively attempt to influence volunteers’ freedom. Three volunteer profiles emerged from the analysis: ideal workers, supporting actors, and thrill seekers. Most paid staff encouraged ideal workers to strive for self-realization, a form of positive freedom in work, which led to optimal clinical performance. Supporting actors privileged self-determination or positive freedom at work, although coworkers successfully pushed them to contribute to basic emergency work. Because thrill seekers demanded freedom from boring or dirty jobs, appeals to teamwork failed to sway them. The study makes two key contributions. First, the diversity of freedoms volunteers evoked and resisted underscores the importance of nuancing the assertion that volunteering is a “free” act. Second, although the meaningful work literature is drifting in the pro-freedom direction, it shows that the freedoms enacted by volunteers or promoted by coworkers were arguably “mistaken”—for volunteers, patients, and the NPO itself. © The Author(s) 2024.},
	author_keywords = {Freedom; Meaningful work; Meaningfulness; Volunteer management; Volunteers},
	keywords = {New Zealand; health worker; literature review; nonprofit organization; participatory approach; performance assessment; social behavior; working conditions; workplace},
	correspondence_address = {K. McAllum; Department of Media and Communication, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, Private Bag 4800, New Zealand; email: kirstie.mcallum@canterbury.ac.nz},
	publisher = {Springer},
	issn = {09578765},
	coden = {VOLUE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Voluntas},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0; All Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Sperling2022690,
	author = {Sperling, Martina and Schryen, Guido},
	title = {Decision support for disaster relief: Coordinating spontaneous volunteers},
	year = {2022},
	journal = {European Journal of Operational Research},
	volume = {299},
	number = {2},
	pages = {690 – 705},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ejor.2021.08.022},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85115943143&doi=10.1016%2fj.ejor.2021.08.022&partnerID=40&md5=0863cffcec5f0bf7bceb0c3e011063b5},
	affiliations = {Department of Management Information Systems, Paderborn University, Warburger Strasse 100, Paderborn, 33098, Germany},
	abstract = {In the aftermath of large-scale disasters, the exploitation of often up to thousands of spontaneous volunteers is crucial to meet the need for surge capacity which cannot be met by official responders. However, the coordination of spontaneous volunteers differs in several regards from that of professional and paid relief workers. Based on empirical requirements identified in interviews with the manager of a professional fire department, we suggest a multi-objective mixed-integer linear optimization problem with lexicographically ordered objective functions, which we refer to as spontaneous volunteer coordination problem (SVCP). Acknowledging that disaster situations are unavoidably linked to uncertainty, we consider uncertainty with a sequence of (deterministic) SVCP instances, where each instance depends on the solutions of previous SVCP instances. We conduct comprehensive computational experiments based on real-world data of a flood disaster that the fire department faced. From our computational results, we derive detailed implications for the fire department on how to use our decision support model. We also derive recommendations for all relief organizations which aim at adopting or adapting our model for the coordination of spontaneous volunteers in a broad set of disasters. Our implications include several recommendations for relief organizations in terms of performing extensive computational tests in order to parameterize and instantiate the generic model before its use during the disaster response phase; thereby we also address tasks to be executed during the preparedness phase of a disaster. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.},
	author_keywords = {Coordination of spontaneous volunteers; Decision support systems; Multiple objective programming; OR in disaster relief; Uncertainty modeling},
	keywords = {Artificial intelligence; Disaster prevention; Emergency services; Human resource management; Integer programming; Linear programming; Uncertainty analysis; Coordination of spontaneous volunteer; Coordination problems; Disaster relief; Fire department; Multiple objective programming; OR in disaster relief; Problem instances; Relief organizations; Uncertainty; Uncertainty models; Decision support systems},
	correspondence_address = {G. Schryen; Department of Management Information Systems, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098, Germany; email: guido.schryen@uni-paderborn.de},
	publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},
	issn = {03772217},
	coden = {EJORD},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Eur J Oper Res},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 19}
}

@ARTICLE{Forgács-Fábián2024468,
	author = {Forgács-Fábián, Sára and Takács, Sándor and Anand, Amitabh},
	title = {Exploring volunteers' emotional reactions to a potential transition from a non-profit organisation towards a social enterprise},
	year = {2024},
	journal = {Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy},
	volume = {13},
	number = {3},
	pages = {468 – 490},
	doi = {10.1108/JEPP-11-2023-0122},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85194538038&doi=10.1108%2fJEPP-11-2023-0122&partnerID=40&md5=0dc3a1165cebdd4fa24cfd8eb756c249},
	affiliations = {Corvinus University of Budapest, Budapest, Hungary; Excelia Business School, CERIIM, La Rochelle, France; CIAS, Budapest, Hungary},
	abstract = {Purpose: By focussing on the anticipated emotional reactions of volunteers and drawing on theories of motivation and identity, this study investigates how volunteers react to different options of the entrepreneurial model of Amigos for Children Foundation (ACF). The paper proposes a hypothetical model for volunteer’s emotional reactions to potential business model changes. We suggest the relative importance of intrinsic motivational factors, professional identity and attitudes towards business organisations as mediating variables. ACF works exclusively with university students as volunteers, so their specific characteristics may limit some of the conclusions and propositions of this qualitative research, but public policy consequences of supporting similar entrepreneurial transitions can be generally relevant. Design/methodology/approach: Based on the qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews with volunteers of ACF, a Hungarian non-profit organisation, we explore the challenges of transitioning into a social enterprise. Findings: Previous research showed controversial results about the impact of pay on the motivations of volunteers. For a non-profit organisation that would like to utilise the competencies of its volunteers, introducing a market-based service may mean additional financial resources and the potential loss of human resources. Understanding the moderating factors of volunteers' reactions might help build better theories for managing the non-profit-social enterprise transition and designing public policies to support scaling up the impact of successful social purpose organisations. Originality/value: For practitioners, the research underlines the importance of participatory mechanisms in volunteer management. By managing transitions better, non-profit organisations can expand their social impact by acquiring more financial resources through market-based activities closely related to their original activities and keeping their volunteers. The study elucidates the relevance of the crowding-out effect and indicates some hypothetical moderating variables influencing its potential degree. © 2024, Emerald Publishing Limited.},
	author_keywords = {Crowding-out effect; Motivation; Non-profit organisation; Professional identity; Social enterprise; Volunteer management; Volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {A. Anand; Excelia Business School, CERIIM, La Rochelle, France; email: ananda@excelia-group.com},
	publisher = {Emerald Publishing},
	issn = {20452101},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Enterpr. Pub. Pol.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Han2025,
	author = {Han, Keunsu and Kim, Kyoung Tae},
	title = {Volunteering in adaptive sport: effects of altruistic and egoistic motivation on performance and sustained intention},
	year = {2025},
	journal = {Frontiers in Sports and Active Living},
	volume = {7},
	doi = {10.3389/fspor.2025.1592202},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-105005851325&doi=10.3389%2ffspor.2025.1592202&partnerID=40&md5=135940ea24d875df40a4316a67f1b710},
	affiliations = {Department of Kinesiology, Towson University, Towson, MD, United States; Department of Health and Human Performance, Kean University, Union, NJ, United States},
	abstract = {Introduction: Adaptive sport events provide a unique volunteer setting emphasizing inclusion, accessibility, and individualized support for athletes with disabilities. Volunteers are essential not only to event operations but also to fostering a positive and empowering experience for athletes. Despite extensive research on sport volunteerism, studies focusing specifically on the adaptive sport context remain limited. This study explores how altruistic and egoistic motivations influence volunteers' in-role performance and their sustained intention in adaptive sport settings. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was administered to volunteers at the 2024 Korean-American Adaptive Sport Festival in Maryland, USA, using a convenience sampling method. A total of 212 valid responses were included in the analysis. To address the study's objectives, data were analyzed using frequency and descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), reliability testing, and multiple regression analysis. Results: The results indicate that Organization Attachment (OA), Volunteer Attachment (VA), and Internal Benefits (IB) had a positive effect on volunteers' in-role performance, while External Benefits (EB) showed no significant impact. Furthermore, VA and IB had a significant impact on volunteers' sustained intention to continue participating, whereas OA and EB showed no significant effect. Discussion: These findings offer valuable insights into volunteer motivation and its impact on in-role performance and continued engagement in adaptive sport settings. The study offers practical implications for building a more committed, capable, and sustainable volunteer workforce to support the continued success of adaptive sport programs. 2025 Han and Kim.},
	author_keywords = {adaptive sport; in-role performance; sport volunteerism; sustained intention; volunteer management; volunteer motivation},
	correspondence_address = {K.T. Kim; Department of Health and Human Performance, Kean University, Union, United States; email: kyoungk@kean.edu},
	publisher = {Frontiers Media SA},
	issn = {26249367},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Frontier. Sport. Act. Living.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Ruohonen2023843,
	author = {Ruohonen, Heini and Backholm, Klas},
	title = {Matter of trust: How to include digital volunteers in crisis management},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management},
	volume = {31},
	number = {4},
	pages = {843 – 852},
	doi = {10.1111/1468-5973.12484},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85164509995&doi=10.1111%2f1468-5973.12484&partnerID=40&md5=c2a7e9f8bfe0e6835a3fc28249919f2d},
	affiliations = {Faculty of Social Sciences, Business and Economics, and Law, Åbo Akademi University, Vaasa, Finland},
	abstract = {Digital volunteers are becoming more visible actors in crises. By collecting data, correcting misinformation, and organizing help, they are often a much-needed resource in crisis management. Despite this, authorities generally see spontaneous volunteers as a risk and a burden, thereby creating a paradox identified by Harris and colleagues. To extend the paradox to digital volunteers, this study aims to understand how Finnish emergency response organizations perceive spontaneous digital volunteers and how these could become a resource in crisis management. Eight informants representing six authorities/non-governmental organizations were interviewed in March 2019. The results show that authorities see potential in digital volunteers but only for strictly limited tasks as problems with trust and volunteers' lack of knowledge and training stand in the way of cooperation, thus confirming the paradox. The main contribution of this study is to show how the involvement/exclusion paradox exists in the relationship and may create barriers between authorities and digital volunteers. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.},
	author_keywords = {digital volunteers; volunteer management},
	keywords = {Finland; authoritarianism; crisis management; data set; nongovernmental organization; perception},
	correspondence_address = {H. Ruohonen; Faculty of Social Sciences, Business and Economics, and Law, Åbo Akademi University, Vaasa, PB 311, 65101, Finland; email: heini.ruohonen@abo.fi},
	publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Inc},
	issn = {09660879},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Contingencies Crisis Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 8; All Open Access, Green Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Grimes2025229,
	author = {Grimes, Alyssa C. and Shepperdson, Sarah B. and Palmeter, James A. and Hampson, Robert and Gilbert, Lois and Tomasone, Jennifer R. and Sora, Dave and Colquhoun, Katie and Binsfeld, Gwen and Allison, Archie and Misener, Laura and Latimer-Cheung, Amy E.},
	title = {Development of evidence-informed recommendations for the training and management of disability sport event volunteers: an application of the AGREE II instrument},
	year = {2025},
	journal = {International Journal of Event and Festival Management},
	volume = {16},
	number = {2},
	pages = {229 – 246},
	doi = {10.1108/IJEFM-08-2024-0107},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-105003298462&doi=10.1108%2fIJEFM-08-2024-0107&partnerID=40&md5=d5e412c739c644851100600e08c3c60a},
	affiliations = {School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States; Center for Accessible Sport and Play, Pickering, Canada; Special Olympics Ontario, Central Bruce, Canada; Alpine Ontario Alpin, King City, Canada; CADS, Toronto, Canada; Variety Village, Toronto, Canada; School of Kinesiology, Western University, London, Canada},
	abstract = {Purpose: This paper describes how the Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II) instrument was operationalized to systematically develop evidence-informed recommendations for training and managing volunteers for disability sport events. Design/methodology/approach: A combination of methods was used to develop the recommendations, including (1) a review of existing volunteer training resources, (2) a rapid evidence review of the literature and (3) interviews with athletes (n = 5), volunteers (n = 14) and sport event organizers (n = 5). An expert consensus panel (n = 12) then reviewed and deliberated the evidence to formulate the recommendations. Additional feedback was solicited from external knowledge reviewers (n = 51) within the disability sport community. Findings: Twelve key recommendations were developed, each with detailed parameters specifying who, when, how and what information to include when implementing the recommendations. These recommendations represent an important step toward the harmonization of volunteer training and management practices among Canadian disability sport organizations and events. Originality/value: The process used in this paper can help advance collaboration between sport practitioners and researchers and assist with the development of practical recommendations in the disability sport and event sector. © 2025, Emerald Publishing Limited.},
	author_keywords = {Co-design; Disability inclusion; Guidelines; Para sport; Volunteer management},
	correspondence_address = {A.E. Latimer-Cheung; School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada; email: amy.latimer@queensu.ca},
	publisher = {Emerald Publishing},
	issn = {17582954},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Int. J. Event Festiv. Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Syaifuddin2024180,
	author = {Syaifuddin, Syaifuddin and Lie, Darwin and Lubis, Fajar Rezeki Ananda and Novirsari, Emma and Nasib, Nasib},
	title = {The role of job satisfaction in mediating the relationship between family conflict, volunteer management, and employee performance at PT. Perkebunan Nusantara 3},
	year = {2024},
	journal = {International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences},
	volume = {11},
	number = {12},
	pages = {180 – 191},
	doi = {10.21833/ijaas.2024.12.020},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85213256611&doi=10.21833%2fijaas.2024.12.020&partnerID=40&md5=9c6a8f838afe5fa8ee0387647f6c6f3b},
	affiliations = {Faculty of Economics, University of Prima Indonesia, North Sumatera, Indonesia; Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Mahkota Tricom Unggul, North Sumatera, Indonesia; Department of Management, Institute of Bisnis Informasi Teknologi dan Bisnis, North Sumatera, Indonesia},
	abstract = {This study examines the role of job satisfaction as a mediator in the relationship between family conflict, volunteer management, and employee performance at PT. Perkebunan Nusantara 3. Family conflict often acts as a stressor, impacting employee well-being and performance, while volunteer management within organizations can enhance motivation and engagement. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected through questionnaires from 350 permanent employees with over 10 years of service, assuming long-term tenure fosters a strong connection to the organization. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to analyze the data, with the questionnaire designed based on specific indicators for each variable. The findings aim to provide actionable recommendations for managing family conflicts and volunteer activities, emphasizing the importance of job satisfaction in improving employee performance. © 2024 The Authors. Published by IASE.},
	author_keywords = {Employee performance; Family conflict; Job satisfaction; Structural equation modeling; Volunteer management},
	correspondence_address = {S. Syaifuddin; Faculty of Economics, University of Prima Indonesia, North Sumatera, Indonesia; email: drsyaifuddin@gmail.com},
	publisher = {Institute of Advanced Science Extension (IASE)},
	issn = {2313626X},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Int. J. Adv. Appl. Sci.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0; All Open Access, Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Wu20242102,
	author = {Wu, Chao and Eftekhar, Mahyar and Uichanco, Joline},
	title = {Workforce Configuration in Charity Settings: A Forward-Looking Approach},
	year = {2024},
	journal = {Manufacturing and Service Operations Management},
	volume = {26},
	number = {6},
	pages = {2102 – 2120},
	doi = {10.1287/msom.2022.0363},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85210982859&doi=10.1287%2fmsom.2022.0363&partnerID=40&md5=11a8581f6a15b0fef85dcfff4c243e77},
	affiliations = {Global Supply Chain Management, Mike Ilitch School of Business, Wayne State University, Detroit, 48201, MI, United States; Supply Chain Management, W. P. Carey School of Business, Arizona State University, Tempe, 85287, AZ, United States; Technology and Operations, Ross School of Business, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109, MI, United States},
	abstract = {Problem definition: Volunteers, the primary workforce for many charities, represent a complex labor pool; they are unreliable and exhibit substantial heterogeneity in both performance and affinity to the organization. Additionally, many volunteers engage not only to contribute but also to immerse themselves in a volunteering experience that, if rewarding, can inspire them to become future donors. However, practical approaches to volunteer management commonly neglect these traits and the consequential impact that tactical decision-making can have on nurturing potential future donations. Methodology/ results: Building on a previous study, we propose a forward-looking volunteer scheduling model that accounts for the heterogeneity among volunteers, mitigates both understaffing and overstaffing costs, and explicitly correlates individual time contribution with their monetary donations. We provide analytical solutions when the charity can reliably estimate distributions (e.g., uniform distribution) from data and suggest a distribution-free method to offer actionable insights where data are limited or uncertain. Managerial implications: At the strategic level, by viewing volunteers as potential donors, the optimal staffing strategy balances meeting the charity's labor needs and maximizing volunteers' satisfaction, as this satisfaction influences their likelihood of becoming future donors. We show that charities could avert substantial losses by adopting an integrative approach, thereby challenging conventional organizational structures that compartmentalize volunteer and donor management. Our model suggests that building robust data infrastructures can significantly advance the charity's core mission. Paradoxically, efforts to increase labor productivity may inadvertently undermine this objective. At the operational level, we provide an Excel-based decision support tool and a decision-tree framework to navigate optimal policies, determining when and how a charity can rely on episodic (less reliable) volunteers. Our results confirm that reducing uncertainty in volunteer turnout benefits charities. However, we also find that when labor value is low, episodic volunteers are preferred, whereas formal (reliable) volunteers are favored when labor value is high.  © 2024 INFORMS.},
	author_keywords = {optimization; volunteer labor scheduling; workforce management},
	keywords = {Decision making; Employment; Human resource management; Losses; Wages; Forward looking; Labour scheduling; Optimisations; Performance; Problem definition; Scheduling models; Tactical decision makings; Volunteer labor scheduling; Volunteers managements; Workforce management; Nonprofit organization},
	correspondence_address = {M. Eftekhar; Supply Chain Management, W. P. Carey School of Business, Arizona State University, Tempe, 85287, United States; email: eftekhar@asu.edu},
	publisher = {INFORMS Inst.for Operations Res.and the Management Sciences},
	issn = {15234614},
	coden = {MSOMF},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Manuf. Serv. Oper. Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Prince20231191,
	author = {Prince, William and Piatak, Jaclyn},
	title = {By the Volunteer, For the Volunteer: Volunteer Perspectives of Management Across Levels of Satisfaction},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly},
	volume = {52},
	number = {5},
	pages = {1191 – 1209},
	doi = {10.1177/08997640221127974},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85139795405&doi=10.1177%2f08997640221127974&partnerID=40&md5=96d602e8e0b05d88b89f9ecde9bed8ec},
	affiliations = {American University, Washington, DC, United States; University of North Carolina at Charlotte, United States},
	abstract = {Volunteers play a critical role in government and nonprofit organizations. Yet, volunteer management research has focused on universal prescriptions or a contingency perspective based on the needs of the organization rather than the volunteer. As volunteers are a finite resource, how can nonprofits retain their volunteers? We conduct a qualitative analysis of open-ended responses to explore how assessments of volunteer management vary across satisfaction levels as delineated by the Net Promoter Score (NPS) scale. We find evidence that the most satisfied volunteers may be important resources to volunteer programs for the insight and advice they offer as champions of the collective. We also observe patterns across satisfaction levels suggesting that volunteer satisfaction is linked to volunteer development. Our research offers the NPS, a commonly used feedback measure, as a valuable tool for volunteer management to measure volunteer satisfaction, to identify enthusiastic promoters, and to examine volunteer development. © The Author(s) 2022.},
	author_keywords = {federated nonprofits; Net Promoter Score; volunteer development; volunteer management; volunteer perspective; volunteer satisfaction},
	correspondence_address = {J. Piatak; University of North Carolina at Charlotte, United States; email: jpiatak@uncc.edu},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
	issn = {08997640},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Volunt. Sect. Q.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 12}
}

@ARTICLE{Uster202569,
	author = {Uster, Anna},
	title = {Governmental implementation of information and communication technology at the local level: Digital co-production during a crisis},
	year = {2025},
	journal = {Australian Journal of Public Administration},
	volume = {84},
	number = {1},
	pages = {69 – 101},
	doi = {10.1111/1467-8500.12657},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-105001638497&doi=10.1111%2f1467-8500.12657&partnerID=40&md5=bf490bafb549f2215a7211effccfc07e},
	affiliations = {Department of Political Science, The Max Stern Academic College of Emek Yezreel, Emek Yezreel, Israel},
	abstract = {The rapid expansion of volunteerism, especially during COVID-19, requires efficient organisation of citizen volunteers, thus leading professionals to utilise information and communication technology (ICT) as an enabling tool for interaction and coordination. This study focuses on professionals’ perspectives at the local level regarding governmental steps towards digitalisation and its application in volunteer co-production. The policy implementation approach was used through in-depth interviews with 19 local coordinators in Israel during the COVID-19 crisis. This study found that, while central government invested efforts in training, guidance, and ICT support for professionals, the implementation of digital technologies was not successful at the local level. This highlights the need for digital platforms for volunteer coordination to be be tailored to specific cultural characteristics and local contexts. Neglected but important factors in ICT implementation were identified, including intra-organisational dynamics, the local community, and authority. By addressing these contextual factors and adopting a more inclusive and context-sensitive approach, digital platforms can better support local volunteer coordination efforts. Points for practitioners: Adopt a holistic approach to digitalisation: Senior-level administrators in central government should adopt a holistic approach to digitalisation, one that accounts for local contexts—cultural characteristics and collaborative governance structures. This approach should involve coordinators in the development process, together with other stakeholders involved in co-production. Focus on user-centric platform design and implementation: To ensure usability and acceptance among coordinators, practitioners should prioritise a user-centric approach to platform design and implementation. This entails constructing intuitive, user-friendly platforms, meeting the needs of the coordinators involved in the digitalisation process. Address organisational characteristics and overcome barriers: Practitioners should recognise municipal organisational characteristics, thus obviating potential barriers to digital technology implementation. This includes such factors as status and professional position within the municipality, securing bureaucratic commitment, and overcoming governmental bureaucracy or a lack of leadership. © 2024 The Author(s). Australian Journal of Public Administration published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Institute of Public Administration Australia.},
	author_keywords = {co-production; crisis; ICT; policy implementation; professionalism; qualitative study},
	correspondence_address = {A. Uster; Department of Political Science, The Max Stern Academic College of Emek Yezreel, Emek Yezreel, 1930600, Israel; email: annau@yvc.ac.il},
	publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Inc},
	issn = {03136647},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Aust. J. Public Adm.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1; All Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Adams2025,
	author = {Adams, A. Paige and Stuteville, Rebekkah and Wolfe, Benjamin A.},
	title = {Managing and motivating academic advisory boards in animal health for high performance},
	year = {2025},
	journal = {Frontiers in Education},
	volume = {10},
	doi = {10.3389/feduc.2025.1508824},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-105005982244&doi=10.3389%2ffeduc.2025.1508824&partnerID=40&md5=419e1a04a1b4c6860a1b9f00a9d163c2},
	affiliations = {School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Studies, Kansas State University, Olathe, KS, United States},
	abstract = {Introduction: Academic leaders and faculty in professional academic programs often gather input from practitioners to test the relevance of academic curricula. Program advisory boards for professional programs are established to provide feedback on curricula and industry needs; however, there is limited research examining the management of these boards. Although there exists research on managing volunteers in non-profit organizations and managing boards of directors, academic advisory boards occupy a position between informal volunteer arrangements and formal boards of directors with oversight responsibilities. The objective of this project was to use existing research on volunteer and board of director management to understand the experience of three academic advisory boards that provide advice and guidance on animal health academic programs. Methods: Two surveys were administered to existing advisory boards at Kansas State University’s Olathe, Kansas Campus. The survey questions were aimed at determining the strengths and weaknesses of the campus’s academic advisory board recruitment and management practices using evidence-based practices for effective volunteer management. Results: The study’s findings suggest that the primary motivation for serving on an academic advisory board is a strong desire to contribute to the mission and vision of the institution. Several tactics emerged for engaging board members, including developing strong leadership in setting purpose and objectives, creating space for members to participate in dialogue in strategy, and assigning tasks that align with their knowledge, skill set, and network. Discussion: Best practices from this study demonstrate meaningful approaches to engage advisory boards so that volunteers feel more valued in how they can positively impact the future of educational programming. Copyright © 2025 Adams, Stuteville and Wolfe.},
	author_keywords = {academic advisory board; advisory board management; animal health; best practice; industry-academic collaboration},
	correspondence_address = {A.P. Adams; School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Studies, Kansas State University, Olathe, United States; email: apadams@ksu.edu},
	publisher = {Frontiers Media SA},
	issn = {2504284X},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Front. Educ.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Tan2025,
	author = {Tan, Jess Wei Chin},
	title = {Volunteer Management: A Data Mining Approach},
	year = {2025},
	journal = {Public Organization Review},
	doi = {10.1007/s11115-025-00848-7},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-105000217374&doi=10.1007%2fs11115-025-00848-7&partnerID=40&md5=ed6397e883ccb013554bee56aa53497a},
	affiliations = {School of Business, Singapore University of Social Sciences, Singapore, Singapore},
	abstract = {Volunteers are essential to the social service sector, constituting a significant part of its workforce. Consequently, volunteer management – heavily influenced by human resource management – is vital. Despite the widespread use of data mining in human resource management, its application in volunteer management remains limited. This paper presents an analytics framework for volunteer management using data mining techniques, enabling organisations within the social service sector to make evidence-based, data-driven decisions. Additionally, the paper illustrates a volunteer retention application using predictive modelling. Data mining can significantly improve not only volunteer management but also other aspects of the social service sector. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.},
	author_keywords = {Data mining; Predictive modelling; Retention; Volunteer management},
	correspondence_address = {J.W.C. Tan; School of Business, Singapore University of Social Sciences, Singapore, Singapore; email: jesstanwc@suss.edu.sg},
	publisher = {Springer},
	issn = {15667170},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Public. Organ. Rev.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Article in press},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Simms202475,
	author = {Simms, Jake and Trad, Alyssa M. and Richards, Kevin Andrew and Woolf, Jules},
	title = {Examining Strategies for Undergraduate Student Volunteer Engagement and Management in a Community-Based Sport-for-Development Program},
	year = {2024},
	journal = {Recreational Sports Journal},
	volume = {48},
	number = {1},
	pages = {75 – 84},
	doi = {10.1177/15588661241236407},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85186561171&doi=10.1177%2f15588661241236407&partnerID=40&md5=58bee36da2d02634d5dda59a7c5b7f2a},
	affiliations = {Recreation, Sport, and Tourism, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States; School of Business, Lincoln Memorial University, Harrogate, TN, United States; Kinesiology Department, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States},
	abstract = {Volunteers play a crucial role in sport organizations, particularly in the nonprofit context, but there is a need for theoretically informed studies to improve their experience and intentionally develop their skillsets. This study aimed to examine strategies for undergraduate volunteer engagement and management in a community-based sport-for-development (SFD) program. The strategies evaluated in this study were reflective journaling, daily debrief meetings, and autonomy-driven task design and responsibilities, guided by self-determination theory (SDT). Through analysis of semi-structured interviews with volunteers (n = 25) and their reflective journals, findings revealed that these strategies enhanced undergraduate volunteers’ experiences by increasing their perceived competence, relatedness, and autonomy. This study highlights the importance of using SDT-aligned strategies to enhance volunteer engagement and program delivery. These findings have implications for student volunteer recruitment and retention, as well as improving the overall effectiveness of SFD organizations. © The Author(s) 2024.},
	author_keywords = {motivation; self-determination theory; volunteer management},
	correspondence_address = {J. Simms; Recreation, Sport, and Tourism, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, United States; email: james.simms@LMUnet.edu},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Ltd},
	issn = {15588661},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Recreat. Sports J.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1}
}

@ARTICLE{Clark2023,
	author = {Clark, Rebecca and Gaber, Jessica and Datta, Julie and Talat, Samina and Bomze, Sivan and Marentette-Brown, Sarah and Gagnon, Cherie and Oliver, Doug and Lamarche, Larkin and Forsyth, Pamela and Carr, Tracey and Price, David and Mangin, Dee},
	title = {Understanding collaborative implementation between community and academic partners in a complex intervention: a qualitative descriptive study},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {BMC Health Services Research},
	volume = {23},
	number = {1},
	doi = {10.1186/s12913-023-09617-y},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85163067084&doi=10.1186%2fs12913-023-09617-y&partnerID=40&md5=88202bc8e64d53bb1d50ca925a2eaa2f},
	affiliations = {McMaster University, 100 Main Street West, Hamilton, L8P 1H6, ON, Canada; Canadian Red Cross, 5700 Cancross Court, Mississauga, L5R 3E9, ON, Canada; Windsor-Essex Compassion Care Community, 6038 Empress Street, Windsor, N8T 1B5, ON, Canada; University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand},
	abstract = {Background: Community-academic partnerships (CAPs) can improve the relevance, sustainability, and uptake of new innovations within the community. However, little is known about what topics CAPs focus on and how their discussions and decisions impact implementation at ground level. The objectives of this study were to better understand the activities and learnings from implementation of a complex health intervention by a CAP at the planner/decision-maker level, and how that compared to experiences implementing the program at local sites. Methods: The intervention, Health TAPESTRY, was implemented by a nine-partner CAP including academic, charitable organizations, and primary care practices. Meeting minutes were analyzed using qualitative description, latent content analysis, and a member check with key implementors. An open-answer survey about the best and worst elements of the program was completed by clients and health care providers and analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: In total, 128 meeting minutes were analyzed, 278 providers and clients completed the survey, and six people participated in the member check. Prominent topics of discussion categories from the meeting minutes were: primary care sites, volunteer coordination, volunteer experience, internal and external connections, and sustainability and scalability. Clients liked that they learned new things and gained awareness of community programs, but did not like the volunteer visit length. Clinicians liked the regular interprofessional team meetings but found the program time-consuming. Conclusions: An important learning was about who had “voice” at the planner/decision-maker level: many of the topics discussed in meeting minutes were not identified as issues or lasting impacts by clients or providers; this may be due to differing roles and needs, but may also identify a gap. Overall, we identified three phases that could serve as a guide for other CAPs: Phase (1) recruitment, financial support, and data ownership; Phase (2) considerations for modifications and adaptations; Phase (3) active input and reflection. © 2023, The Author(s).},
	author_keywords = {Community-academic partnerships; Implementation science; Primary health care; Program implementation; Qualitative},
	keywords = {Health Personnel; Humans; Learning; Surveys and Questionnaires; adult; article; awareness; community program; content analysis; financial management; health care personnel; human; implementation science; learning; organization; primary health care; primary medical care; thematic analysis; voice; health care personnel; learning; questionnaire},
	correspondence_address = {J. Gaber; McMaster University, Hamilton, 100 Main Street West, L8P 1H6, Canada; email: jgaber@mcmaster.ca},
	publisher = {BioMed Central Ltd},
	issn = {14726963},
	pmid = {37296452},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {BMC Health Serv. Res.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 2}
}

@ARTICLE{Manshadi20226572,
	author = {Manshadi, Vahideh and Rodilitz, Scott},
	title = {Online Policies for Efficient Volunteer Crowdsourcing},
	year = {2022},
	journal = {Management Science},
	volume = {68},
	number = {9},
	pages = {6572 – 6590},
	doi = {10.1287/mnsc.2021.4220},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85127251288&doi=10.1287%2fmnsc.2021.4220&partnerID=40&md5=119e4c836f79e5400411de979200a484},
	affiliations = {Yale School of Management, New Haven, 06520, CT, United States; Anderson School of Management, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, 90095, CA, United States},
	abstract = {Nonprofit crowdsourcing platforms such as food recovery organizations rely on volunteers to perform time-sensitive tasks. Thus, their success crucially depends on efficient volunteer utilization and engagement. To encourage volunteers to complete a task, platforms use nudging mechanisms to notify a subset of volunteers with the hope that at least one of them responds positively. However, because excessive notifications may reduce volunteer engagement, the platform faces a tradeoff between notifying more volunteers for the current task and saving them for future ones. Motivated by these applications, we introduce the online volunteer notification problem, a generalization of online stochastic bipartite matching where tasks arrive following a known time-varying distribution over task types. Upon arrival of a task, the platform notifies a subset of volunteers with the objective of minimizing the number of missed tasks. To capture each volunteer’s adverse reaction to excessive notifications, we assume that a notification triggers a random period of inactivity, during which she will ignore all notifications. However, if a volunteer is active and notified, she will perform the task with a given pair-specific match probability that captures her preference for the task. We develop an online randomized policy that achieves a constant-factor guarantee close to the upper bound we establish for the performance of any online policy. Our policy and hardness results are parameterized by the minimum discrete hazard rate of the interactivity time distribution. The design of our policy relies on sparsifying an ex ante feasible solution by solving a sequence of dynamic programs. Furthermore, in collaboration with Food Rescue U.S., a volunteer-based food recovery platform, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our policy by testing it on the platform’s data from various locations across the United States. © 2022 INFORMS.},
	author_keywords = {competitive analysis; nonprofit crowdsourcing; notification fatigue; online platforms; volunteer management},
	keywords = {Stochastic systems; 'current; Bipartite matchings; Competitive analysis; Crowdsourcing platforms; Generalisation; Nonprofit crowdsourcing; Notification fatigue; Online platforms; Stochastics; Volunteers managements; Crowdsourcing},
	correspondence_address = {V. Manshadi; Yale School of Management, New Haven, 06520, United States; email: vahideh.manshadi@yale.edu; S. Rodilitz; Anderson School of Management, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, 90095, United States; email: scott.rodilitz@gmail.com},
	publisher = {INFORMS Inst.for Operations Res.and the Management Sciences},
	issn = {00251909},
	coden = {MSCIA},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Manage Sci},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 27}
}

@ARTICLE{Mato-Santiso2023433,
	author = {Mato-Santiso, Vanessa and Rey-García, Marta and Sanzo-Pérez, María José},
	title = {Volunteer omnichannel behavior in nonprofit organizations: Key antecedents and implications for management},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {Nonprofit Management and Leadership},
	volume = {34},
	number = {2},
	pages = {433 – 463},
	doi = {10.1002/nml.21579},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85166901770&doi=10.1002%2fnml.21579&partnerID=40&md5=15b30916f0516f593c6e5d084bd8bdff},
	affiliations = {School of Humanities and Documentation, Universidade da Coruña, Ferrol, Spain; School of Economics and Business, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Spain; School of Economics and Business, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain},
	abstract = {The purpose of this research consists of identifying the antecedents that may influence the adoption of omnichannel behavior by volunteers. This behavior can be understood as the interchangeable use of online and offline channels, providing volunteers with multiple contact points with nonprofit organizations. To this end, we first propose a conceptual model based on Clary et al.'s motivations framework and other relevant literature. Second, we test our model through quantitative-based research, employing an online questionnaire with a representative sample of 7822 volunteers working for the Spanish Red Cross. We then carry out a hierarchical cluster analysis to group similar volunteers into clusters according to the use they make of the different offline and online channels, followed by an ordered logistic regression analysis to test the hypotheses proposed. First, two volunteer profiles are identified: offline-oriented volunteers with low or no omnichannel behavior, and online-oriented volunteers with high or very high omnichannel behavior. Second, our results suggest that some types of motivations among volunteers (understanding the nonprofit, career or employment opportunities, the advice of family, friends, and acquaintances, and protective reasons), as well as the sense of belonging, perceived usefulness of new technologies, social influence and having feedback channels, all positively influence the adoption of omnichannel behavior by volunteers. Additionally, our findings reveal different effects for the two clusters identified. Finally, and using a contingency approach, implications for nonprofit–volunteer relationship management are drawn. © 2023 The Authors. Nonprofit Management & Leadership published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.},
	author_keywords = {nonprofit organizations (NPOs); nonprofit–volunteer relationship marketing; offline and online channels; omnichannel behavior; volunteer management},
	correspondence_address = {V. Mato-Santiso; School of Humanities and Documentation, Universidade da Coruña, Ferrol, Campus de Esteiro s/n, A Coruña, 15471, Spain; email: vanessa.mato@udc.es},
	publisher = {Jossey-Bass Inc., Publishers},
	issn = {10486682},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Manage. Leadersh.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 5; All Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Traeger2023763,
	author = {Traeger, Charlotte and Alfes, Kerstin and Fürstenberg, Nils},
	title = {Perceived Organizational Support and Volunteer Outcomes: Evidence From a German Environmental Nonprofit Organization},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly},
	volume = {52},
	number = {3},
	pages = {763 – 786},
	doi = {10.1177/08997640221103292},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85133646183&doi=10.1177%2f08997640221103292&partnerID=40&md5=6528a29a2149fb05feabe639f849f121},
	affiliations = {ESCP Business School Berlin, Germany; Hertie School of Governance, Organization, Strategy and Leadership, Berlin, Germany; Institute for Leadership and Human Resource Management, University of St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland},
	abstract = {While research on organizational aspects designed to enhance volunteer attitudes has grown over time, we still lack knowledge on the mechanisms that explain these relationships and are specific to the volunteering context. In the present study, we draw on social identity theory to explore how two organizational characteristics relating to a nonprofit organization’s (NPO) nature (volunteers’ organizational vision acceptance) and nurture (volunteers’ perception of organizational support) interact to promote volunteers’ engagement and retention. Findings from a survey of 1,355 volunteers in a German environmental NPO show that the relationship between perceived organizational support and both volunteer outcomes is mediated by organizational identification and moderated by volunteers’ acceptance of organizational vision. We contribute to research on the professionalization of volunteer management by highlighting the importance of volunteers’ acceptance of their NPO’s vision for their engagement and intention to leave. © The Author(s) 2022.},
	author_keywords = {nonprofit organization; organizational identification; perceived organizational support; vision; volunteer engagement},
	correspondence_address = {C. Traeger; ESCP Business School Berlin, Germany; email: traeger@hertie-school.org},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
	issn = {08997640},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Volunt. Sect. Q.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 8}
}

@ARTICLE{Nowakowska202518,
	author = {Nowakowska, Iwona and Duda, Ewa and Ellena, Adriano Mauro and Poli Martinelli, Daniela and Szulawski, Michał and Pozzi, Maura},
	title = {Challenges for Formal Organizations Engaging Volunteers During Regular and Crisis Times According to Polish and Italian Volunteer Coordinators},
	year = {2025},
	journal = {Voluntas},
	volume = {36},
	number = {1},
	pages = {18 – 31},
	doi = {10.1007/s11266-024-00689-w},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-86000431790&doi=10.1007%2fs11266-024-00689-w&partnerID=40&md5=4c933ba13f8b2285702a3986595c2991},
	affiliations = {Institute of Psychology, The Maria Grzegorzewska University, Szczęśliwicka 40, Warsaw, 02-353, Poland; Institute of Education, The Maria Grzegorzewska University, Szczęśliwicka 40, Warsaw, 02-353, Poland; Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Gemelli 1, Milan,  20123, Italy; CERISVICO (Research Centre on Community Development and Organisational Quality of Life), Catholic University of the Sacred Heart,  Via della Garzetta 48, Brescia, 25133, Italy},
	abstract = {The recent crises in Europe impacted the volunteering patterns within formal organizations that provide support in regular and crisis times. In our paper, we investigated how volunteer coordinators from formal entities (public/governmental and non-governmental) perceive (1) the patterns of volunteering engagement (long-term versus episodic) in regular and crisis times, (2) the processes of retaining volunteers during crises; (3) the trust of the community toward various types of organizations during social crises; (4) the role of informal support groups in relation to the tasks of their organization. Between June and October 2023, we performed an online-based study (total N = 55)—in Poland (N = 28) and Italy (N = 27). The survey had multiple-choice and open-ended questions, and the results were analyzed qualitatively using the thematic analysis framework. The findings indicated that volunteer coordinators reckon that long-term and episodic volunteers play crucial and complementary roles in helping organizations achieve their objectives. This implies that organizations should recognize the value of both types of volunteers and consider them essential resources for pursuing organizational goals. The results also suggest that the volunteer retention strategies are worth outlining or revisiting within organizations, and attention should be paid to psychological support. According to coordinators, trust in non-governmental organizations is perceived as crucial in the beneficiaries' decisions about where to seek help. Collaboration with informal groups is advised, given that the goals can be achieved together, mutually using the resources provided by both types of helping entities. © The Author(s) 2024.},
	author_keywords = {Formal volunteering; Informal volunteering; Social crisis; Trust; Volunteer coordinators},
	keywords = {Europe; crisis management; organization; social behavior; voluntary approach},
	correspondence_address = {I. Nowakowska; Institute of Psychology, The Maria Grzegorzewska University, Warsaw, Szczęśliwicka 40, 02-353, Poland; email: inowakowska@aps.edu.pl},
	publisher = {Springer},
	issn = {09578765},
	coden = {VOLUE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Voluntas},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0; All Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Palomino-Flores2025327,
	author = {Palomino-Flores, Javier Valentino and Carhuancho-Mendoza, Irma Milagros and Ponce-Yactayo, Dora Lourdes and Saravia-Ramos, Giuliana Del Pilar and Romero, Rosana Alejandra Meleán and Nolazco-Labajos, Fernando Alexis},
	title = {Influence of Engagement and Job Satisfaction on the Flow State of Volunteers in a Non-Governmental Organisation in the Republic of Perú},
	year = {2025},
	journal = {Ianna Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies},
	volume = {7},
	number = {1},
	pages = {327 – 343},
	doi = {10.5281/zenodo.14265220},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85214386849&doi=10.5281%2fzenodo.14265220&partnerID=40&md5=908accbb6e9e10f7ecc52b0ef12f3927},
	affiliations = {Graduate School, Universidad César Vallejo, Lima, Peru; Graduate School, Research Group: Management and Education in Organizations, Universidad César Vallejo, Lima, Peru; Graduate School, Research Group Educational Quality Management, Universidad César Vallejo, Lima, Peru; Undergraduate Distance Learning-Marketing and Business Management, Research Group: Business Research, Universidad César Vallejo, Lima, Peru; Graduate School, Research Group: Institutional Management and Efficiency, Universidad César Vallejo, Lima, Peru; Undergraduate Distance Learning-Derecho, Research Group: Education and Quality, Universidad César Vallejo, Lima, Peru},
	abstract = {Background: Non-governmental organisations (NGOs) rely heavily on volunteer work to achieve their social objectives, fostering inclusive and sustainable environments. Key factors such as commitment, autonomy, recognition, and job satisfaction are essential to enhance volunteer performance. The opportunities provided by NGOs help volunteers thrive in a positive environment that promotes satisfaction and enriching experiences. Objective: This study aimed to analyse the influence of engagement (ENG) and work satisfaction (WS) on the flow state of volunteers in non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in Peru. Methodology: The research is quantitative, non-experimental, hypothetical-deductive, and uses a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 1,023 volunteers from the NGO under study. Three standardised instruments were used for data collection: UWES-9 for ENG, S20/23 for WS, and WOLF for Flow. Results: The results showed that ENG and WS explained 70.8% of the variability in Flow, with a strong positive correlation between ENG and WS (0.769). ENG significantly impacted Flow (coefficient 0.65), as did WS (coefficient 0.45). Higher levels of ENG and WS among volunteers reinforce Flow. Emphasis is placed on an inclusive and sustainable work environment to enhance volunteer engagement and effectiveness. However, there is a clear need for training, recognition, and emotional support for the staff. Conclusions: Engaged volunteers who feel recognised and supported experience greater job satisfaction, which enhances Flow—a state of immersion and enjoyment in activities. This relationship underscores the importance of creating work environments with challenges, good conditions, and development opportunities that support volunteer engagement. Self-determination and role theories highlight autonomy, competence, and relationships as crucial elements. Contribution: This research extends the Demands-Resources Model and Self-Determination Theory (SDT) by examining the role of engagement, satisfaction, and flow in volunteering. It provides guidance to NGOs on improving volunteer management through training, recognition, and supportive practices, thereby enhancing retention, satisfaction, and overall organisational impact. Recommendations: To boost satisfaction and retention, NGOs should provide training and recognition, align tasks with skills, improve working conditions, and ensure volunteer participation and development opportunities. © 2025, University of Nigeria Department of Mass Communication. All rights reserved.},
	author_keywords = {engagement; flow state; job satisfaction; non-governmental organisations; volunteering},
	correspondence_address = {I.M. Carhuancho-Mendoza; Graduate School, Research Group: Management and Education in Organizations, Universidad César Vallejo, Lima, Peru; email: icarhuancho@ucv.edu.pe},
	publisher = {University of Nigeria Department of Mass Communication},
	issn = {27359883},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Ianna. J. Interdiscip. Stud.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Glynos2023486,
	author = {Glynos, Jason and Roussos, Konstantinos and Voutyras, Savvas and Warren, Rebecca},
	title = {Paradoxes in the Management of Timebanks in the UK’s Voluntary Sector: Discursive Bricolage and its Limits},
	year = {2023},
	journal = {Voluntas},
	volume = {34},
	number = {3},
	pages = {486 – 496},
	doi = {10.1007/s11266-022-00467-6},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85124714318&doi=10.1007%2fs11266-022-00467-6&partnerID=40&md5=ea25c268b3507b9a6e2f3bdf433e5973},
	affiliations = {Department of Government, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom; School of Health and Social Care, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom; Department of Humanities and Law, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, United Kingdom; Essex Business School, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {This paper contributes to our understanding of volunteer management by charting some important challenges associated with the governance of one of the UK’s largest timebanking networks. While timebanking is often treated as a form of volunteering, many timebank advocates are keen to distinguish it sharply from traditional volunteering. We suggest that this tension generates a fundamental ‘performance paradox’ in the management of timebanks in the voluntary sector. We draw on political discourse theory to characterise and evaluate associated challenges, suggesting that, when viewed against a host of context-specific organisational and policy pressures, the progressive potential of timebanking cannot be realised as a distinct community economy without adequate support. Instead of taking up a position alongside more traditional forms of volunteering, timebanking is more likely to be subsumed by them. © 2022, The Author(s).},
	author_keywords = {Discursive bricolage; Paradox; Political discourse theory; Timebanks; Volunteer management},
	keywords = {United Kingdom; governance approach; local participation; organization; political discourse; theoretical study},
	correspondence_address = {J. Glynos; Department of Government, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom; email: ljglyn@essex.ac.uk},
	publisher = {Springer},
	issn = {09578765},
	coden = {VOLUE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Voluntas},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1; All Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access}
}@ARTICLE{Levander2022E56,
	author = {Levander, Ximena A. and Wheelock, Haven and Pope, Justine and Lee, Abby and Hartmann, Kerith and Abuelkhair, Sarah and Gregg, Jessica L. and Buchheit, Bradley M.},
	title = {Low-Threshold Buprenorphine via Community Partnerships and Telemedicine-Case Reports of Expanding Access to Addiction Treatment during COVID-19},
	year = {2022},
	journal = {Journal of Addiction Medicine},
	volume = {16},
	number = {1},
	pages = {E56 – E58},
	doi = {10.1097/ADM.0000000000000811},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85105359422&doi=10.1097%2fADM.0000000000000811&partnerID=40&md5=55e1b8a44fafbb4425ee24058518592d},
	affiliations = {Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Section of Addiction Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States; Outside In's Injection Drug Users Health Services, Portland, OR, United States; Comagine Health, Portland, OR, United States; People's Harm Reduction Alliance/Portland People's Outreach Project, Portland, OR, United States; Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States},
	abstract = {Background:To reduce coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spread, federal agencies eased telemedicine restrictions including audio-only appointments. These changes permitted clinicians to prescribe buprenorphine to patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) without in-person or audio/video assessment. Our clinic utilized existing community collaborations to implement protocols and extend outreach. We describe 3 patients with OUD who engaged with treatment through outreach with trusted community partners and low-threshold telemedicine.Case Presentations:Patient 1-a 40-year-old man with severe OUD who injected heroin and was living outside. A weekend harm reduction organization volunteer the patient previously knew used her mobile phone to facilitate an audio-only intake appointment during clinic hours. He completed outpatient buprenorphine initiation. Patient 2-a 48-year-old man with severe opioid and methamphetamine use disorders who injected both and was living in his recreational vehicle. He engaged regularly with syringe services program (SSP), but utilized no other healthcare services. Initially, an SSP worker connected him to our clinic for audio-only appointment using their landline to initiate buprenorphine; a harm reduction volunteer coordinated follow-up. Patient 3-a 66-year-old man with moderate OUD used non-prescribed pill opioids without prior buprenorphine experience. He lived over 5 hours away in a rural town. He underwent virtual appointment and completed home buprenorphine initiation.Conclusion:These 3 cases illustrate examples of how policy changes allowing for telemedicine buprenorphine prescribing can expand availability of addiction services for patients with OUD who were previously disengaged for reasons including geography, lack of housing, transportation difficulties, and mistrust of traditional healthcare systems.  Copyright © 2021 The Author(s).},
	author_keywords = {buprenorphine; community outreach; COVID-19; homelessness; rural; telemedicine},
	keywords = {Adult; Aged; Buprenorphine; COVID-19; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Opiate Substitution Treatment; Opioid-Related Disorders; SARS-CoV-2; Telemedicine; benzodiazepine derivative; buprenorphine; buprenorphine plus naloxone; hydrocodone; methadone; naloxone; opiate; paracetamol; adult; aged; analgesia; Article; case report; clinical article; community care; coronavirus disease 2019; drug surveillance program; harm reduction; health care access; heroin dependence; home care; homelessness; human; male; methadone treatment; methamphetamine dependence; middle aged; opiate addiction; postoperative pain; prescription; risk benefit analysis; telemedicine; female; opiate substitution treatment},
	correspondence_address = {X.A. Levander; Oregon Health and Science University-Division of General Internal Medicine, Portland, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Mail Code: L475, 97239-3098, United States; email: levander@ohsu.edu},
	publisher = {Lippincott Williams and Wilkins},
	issn = {19320620},
	pmid = {34374502},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Addict. Med.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 11; All Open Access, Green Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Gray2020341,
	author = {Gray, Debra and Stevenson, Clifford},
	title = {How can ‘we’ help? Exploring the role of shared social identity in the experiences and benefits of volunteering},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology},
	volume = {30},
	number = {4},
	pages = {341 – 353},
	doi = {10.1002/casp.2448},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85075415713&doi=10.1002%2fcasp.2448&partnerID=40&md5=6eb029d9c7037abe1a4b039f0be54d95},
	affiliations = {Department of Psychology, University of Winchester, Winchester, SO22 6JB, United Kingdom; Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, 50 Shakespeare Street, Nottingham, NG1 4FQ, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {Previous research on volunteering has largely focused on the individual characteristics and experiences of volunteers, or on their relationship with a volunteering organisation, neglecting the group dynamics of volunteering. To address this gap, we apply a social identity and “Social Cure” perspective in a thematic analysis of interviews with 40 volunteers from across the South of England. This analysis highlights that group identities are fundamental to volunteers' motivations and experiences of volunteering. Sharing an identity with other volunteers promoted feelings of belonging, which in turn impacted upon the participants' wellbeing. Identity processes also underpinned interactions with the beneficiaries of help and how volunteers managed the challenges of helping. Finally, shared identity facilitated collective support between volunteers, which was necessary to deal with the challenges of the volunteering role, and this could be facilitated or hindered by the volunteering organisation. We discuss the implications for how volunteering organisations can enhance identity-mediated helping, as well as for understanding the impact of volunteering on health and wellbeing. © 2019 The Authors Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd},
	author_keywords = {helping behaviour; intergroup processes; social cure; social identity; volunteering},
	keywords = {adult; article; clinical article; cooperation; England; female; human; human experiment; interview; male; motivation; organization; social status; thematic analysis; wellbeing},
	correspondence_address = {D. Gray; Department of Psychology, University of Winchester, Winchester, SO22 6JB, United Kingdom; email: debra.gray@winchester.ac.uk},
	publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Ltd},
	issn = {10529284},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Community Appl. Soc. Psychol.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 82; All Open Access, Green Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Shipway2020645,
	author = {Shipway, Richard and Lockstone-Binney, Leonie and Holmes, Kirsten and Smith, Karen A.},
	title = {Perspectives on the volunteering legacy of the london 2012 olympic games: The development of an event legacy stakeholder engagement matrix},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {Event Management},
	volume = {24},
	number = {5},
	pages = {645 – 659},
	doi = {10.3727/152599519X15506259856327},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85091747245&doi=10.3727%2f152599519X15506259856327&partnerID=40&md5=a83e181c96fbfe584a130d4f5319c1fb},
	affiliations = {Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Bournemouth University, Poole, Dorset, United Kingdom; Department of Tourism, Sport and Hotel Management, Griffith University, QLD, Australia; School of Marketing, Curtin University, Perth, Australia; School of Management, Victoria Business School, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand},
	abstract = {Using a sustainable event legacy timeline, this article examines the extent to which the existing volunteering infrastructure supporting volunteer management in the host city were engaged before, during, and after the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games, to generate a legacy for volunteering. This infrastructure includes volunteering peak bodies, volunteer resource centers, national sport governing bodies, community organizations and local government. A case study of the London 2012 Games was employed involving extensive documentary evidence and interviews with senior level informants. The findings revealed limitations with official legacy planning and a failure to engage with the voluntary sector in the host city. The event legacy timeline is combined with four key themes to emerge from the data to conceptualize an event legacy stakeholder engagement matrix. This identifies recommendations to enable future host cities to optimize opportunities from Olympic Games volunteer programs to generate wider community benefits. © 2020 Cognizant, LLC.},
	author_keywords = {Event legacy; London 2012 olympics; Stakeholders; Voluntary sector; Volunteering},
	correspondence_address = {R. Shipway; Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Bournemouth University, Poole, Dorset, United Kingdom; email: rshipway@bournemouth.ac.uk},
	publisher = {Cognizant Communication Corporation},
	issn = {15259951},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Event Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 10; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Kao2020234,
	author = {Kao, Chia-Pin and Lin, Kuen-Yi and Chien, Hui-Min and Chen, Yu-Tsang},
	title = {Enhancing volunteers’ intention to engage in citizen science: The roles of self-efficacy, satisfaction and science trust},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {Journal of Baltic Science Education},
	volume = {19},
	number = {2},
	pages = {234 – 246},
	doi = {10.33225/jbse/20.19.234},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85085036109&doi=10.33225%2fjbse%2f20.19.234&partnerID=40&md5=e0d380cc197a87968a3d0048a5a377dc},
	affiliations = {Department of Child Care and Education, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Nan-Tai Street, Yungkang Dist., Tainan City, 710, Taiwan; Department of Technology Application and Human Resource Development, Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, 162, Section 1, Heping E. Rd., Taipei City, 106, Taiwan; Center for Teacher Education, Cheng Shiu University, No. 840, Chengcing Rd., Niaosong Dist., Kaohsiung City, 83347, Taiwan; National Taiwan Normal University, Department of Industrial Education, Taipei City, 106, Taiwan},
	abstract = {This research was carried out at the Science Volunteer Program 2018, which is run by Taiwan’s Ministry of Science and Technology. The purpose of the research was to understand the effects of self-efficacy, satisfaction, and science trust on science volunteers’ intention to continue volunteering. The research drew on the Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) to test how social cognitive variables affect volunteers’ intention to continue engaging in events and with organizations. A total of 156 volunteers taking part in the program completed a questionnaire measuring Self-efficacy, Satisfaction, Trust, and Intention. A structural equation model (SEM) was developed, and the proposed effects on the variables were tested using SEM procedures. The results of the SEM analysis found that there were positive effects between (a) Self-efficacy and Satisfaction, (b) Self-efficacy and Intention, (c) Satisfaction and Intention, and (d) Trust and Intention. The discussion highlights implications for science volunteer managers who are not only in a position to increase volunteers’ behavioral intention to continue their engagement in volunteer work, but also to facilitate interventions to boost volunteering in Taiwan. © 2020, Scientia Socialis Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	author_keywords = {Citizen science; Science volunteers; Social cognitive career theory; Structural equation model},
	correspondence_address = {Y.-T. Chen; National Taiwan Normal University, Department of Industrial Education, Taipei City, 106, Taiwan; email: ytchen83@gmail.com},
	publisher = {Scientia Socialis Ltd},
	issn = {16483898},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Baltic Sci. Edu.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 13; All Open Access, Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Vanderstichelen2022141,
	author = {Vanderstichelen, Steven and Pelttari, Leena and Scott, Ros},
	title = {Evaluating the EAPC Madrid Charter on volunteering in hospice and palliative care: Reflections on impact},
	year = {2022},
	journal = {Progress in Palliative Care},
	volume = {30},
	number = {3},
	pages = {141 – 148},
	doi = {10.1080/09699260.2021.1964678},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85113772802&doi=10.1080%2f09699260.2021.1964678&partnerID=40&md5=194427c3890f953c75508cec25815c96},
	affiliations = {Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), End-of-Life Care Research Group, Laarbeeklaan 103, Brussels, 1090, Belgium; Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Compassionate Communities Center of Expertise (COCO), Pleinlaan 2, Brussels, 1050, Belgium; Ghent University, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, Ghent, 9000, Belgium; Hospice Austria, Vienna, Austria; School of Education and Social Work, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {The European Association for Palliative Care (EAPC) Madrid Charter on volunteering in hospice and palliative care (HPC) was launched in 2017 to advocate for the support, recognition, promotion and development of volunteering in HPC. However, charters are rarely evaluated, and impact often assumed a priori. To evaluate whether such declarations influence change, we must understand their reach and use. We aimed to assess the awareness, reach and impact of the EAPC Madrid Charter on HPC Volunteering in Europe and evaluate its potential as an advocacy tool in HPC. An online survey questionnaire including open and closed questions, was sent to a convenience sample of all 55 EAPC member organizations, other regional and national European HPC and HPC volunteering organizations. Forty-six responses were received from 11 countries. The Charter mainly spread through word of mouth (72%). Sixty-four per cent of respondents had heard of the Charter; of these 80% had signed it but only 30% had used it. Directors used the Charter in policy documents (70%). Volunteer coordinators had used it in various ways (57%). Most general coordinators (83%) found no use for the Charter. Feedback from participants indicated a lack of practical applications. The Charter was considered useful for policy negotiation but lacking practical applications to support HPC volunteering in the short term. Charters may be tools for long-term change, rather than immediate change in practice. A multipronged approach may be required where Charters are complemented by practical instruments. © 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.},
	author_keywords = {Charter; Hospice; Impact; Palliative care; Surveys and questionnaires; Volunteering},
	keywords = {adult; article; awareness; convenience sample; Europe; female; hospice; human; human experiment; major clinical study; male; negotiation; organization; palliative therapy; questionnaire},
	correspondence_address = {S. Vanderstichelen; Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) Ghent University, End-of-Life Care Research Group, Gent, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 6K3, Room 011, 9000, Belgium; email: steven.vanderstichelen@vub.be},
	publisher = {Taylor and Francis Ltd.},
	issn = {09699260},
	coden = {PPCRC},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Prog. Palliative Care},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 2; All Open Access, Bronze Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{White Smith2020225,
	author = {White Smith, Debra},
	title = {Ministerial Training on Consumer Culture and Volunteer Management May Prevent Burnout for Small-Church Clergy},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {Pastoral Psychology},
	volume = {69},
	number = {3},
	pages = {225 – 248},
	doi = {10.1007/s11089-020-00905-6},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85088109526&doi=10.1007%2fs11089-020-00905-6&partnerID=40&md5=179a2e91abc80d0c7c1d07987076d40c},
	affiliations = {Northwest Nazarene University, 623 S University Blvd, Nampa, 83686, ID, United States},
	abstract = {The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate Nazarene small-church pastors’ perceptions of ministerial education. The issues the study addressed included managing volunteers and the consumer culture. This study involved 12 Nazarene clergy who had (1) completed the same ministerial leadership training as part of their ordination requirements, (2) pastored in the small-church setting for five or more consecutive years, and (3) experienced burnout in their assignments. The researcher themed the data, and the following themes emerged: (1) Consumer culture training is insufficient, vital, preventive; (2) People management training is inadequate, paramount, relational; (3) Pastoral burnout is contextually consumer-driven, volunteer-void. The literature indicated that small-church pastors are at a disadvantage in a consumer culture because their churches cannot compete with larger churches. The literature also indicated the necessity for leaders in nonprofit organizations and churches to understand how to manage volunteers. © 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.},
	author_keywords = {Clergy burnout; Consumer culture; Qualitative analysis; Small-church clergy; Volunteer management},
	keywords = {adult; article; burnout; clergy; consumer; education; human; non profit organization; perception; prevention; qualitative analysis; qualitative research; religion},
	correspondence_address = {D. White Smith; Northwest Nazarene University, Nampa, 623 S University Blvd, 83686, United States; email: debrawhitesmith@msn.com},
	publisher = {Springer},
	issn = {00312789},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Pastoral Psych.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 3}
}

@ARTICLE{Davenport2021334,
	author = {Davenport, Bruce and Newman, Andrew and Moffatt, Suzanne},
	title = {The impact on older people's wellbeing of leaving heritage volunteering and the challenges of managing this process},
	year = {2021},
	journal = {Qualitative Report},
	volume = {26},
	number = {2},
	pages = {334 – 351},
	doi = {10.46743/2160-3715/2021.4499},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85102170611&doi=10.46743%2f2160-3715%2f2021.4499&partnerID=40&md5=ebcac8f040651483688a624648013533},
	affiliations = {Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {The benefits of volunteering for older volunteers and for the organisations who host them is well-documented. The impact of being obliged to leave volunteering due to age-related conditions, and any challenges that this creates for volunteer managers, are under-researched. This study explored how volunteers and volunteer managers experienced this point in the volunteering lifecycle and whether the topic warranted further research. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with fourteen older people, who were (or had been) volunteers at one of three cultural heritage organisations in the north-east of England alongside seven volunteer managers from those organisations. These represented the diversity of heritage organisations in the region. Volunteers discussed leaving volunteering in terms of loss but also indicated that forms of personal appraisal and agency were possible, ameliorating the impact of leaving. Volunteer managers discussed how organisational frameworks and the relationships they formed with volunteers shaped their practices. These relationships created a sense of organisational reciprocity which led some managers to exceed the rules in order to sustain people in their volunteering. The results suggest that supporting personal agency could ameliorate the impact of leaving volunteering but that organisations would benefit from articulating the extent and the limits of that support. © 2021: Bruce Davenport, Andrew Newman, Suzanne Moffatt, and Nova Southeastern University.},
	author_keywords = {Ageing; Cultural heritage; Semi-structured interviews; Volunteer management; Volunteering; Wellbeing},
	publisher = {Peace and Conflict Studies},
	issn = {21603715},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Qual. Rep.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 5; All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Rivera2019757,
	author = {Rivera, Luis and Pagaoa, Melissa and Morgenthau, Beth Maldin and Paquet, Christopher and Molinari, Noelle Angelique M. and LeBlanc, Tanya Telfair},
	title = {Participation in community preparedness programs in human services organizations and faith-based organizations - New York City, 2018},
	year = {2019},
	journal = {Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report},
	volume = {68},
	number = {35},
	pages = {757 – 761},
	doi = {10.15585/MMWR.MM6835A2},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85071764701&doi=10.15585%2fMMWR.MM6835A2&partnerID=40&md5=e524e4d0b5eefee60b79a27bb912fc06},
	affiliations = {New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, United States; Division of State and Local Readiness, Center for Preparedness and Response, CDC, United States},
	abstract = {What is already known about this topic? Human services organizations and faith-based organizations have a long history of engagement in public health issues and can contribute to building community disaster preparedness. What is added by this report? New York City (NYC) organizations that participated in community preparedness program training had significantly increased odds of having plans for continuity of operations, emergency management, volunteer management, and emergency communication than did those that did not participate in training. What are the implications for public health practice? The NYC community preparedness program can serve as a model for other health departments considering training community-based organizations to support community preparedness for responding to public health disasters. © 2019 Department of Health and Human Services. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Community Participation; Community-Institutional Relations; Disaster Planning; Faith-Based Organizations; Humans; New York City; Program Evaluation; Public Health Practice; adult; article; disaster; faith-based organization; human; New York; public health service; community participation; disaster planning; faith-based organization; New York; organization and management; program evaluation; public health service; public relations; statistics and numerical data},
	correspondence_address = {L. Rivera; New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, United States; email: lrivera10@health.nyc.gov},
	publisher = {Department of Health and Human Services},
	issn = {01492195},
	pmid = {31487274},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 7; All Open Access, Bronze Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Garcia2018533,
	author = {Garcia, Christopher and Rabadi, Ghaith and Handy, Femida},
	title = {Dynamic resource allocation and coordination for high-load crisis volunteer management},
	year = {2018},
	journal = {Journal of Humanitarian Logistics and Supply Chain Management},
	volume = {8},
	number = {4},
	pages = {533 – 556},
	doi = {10.1108/JHLSCM-02-2018-0019},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85056173865&doi=10.1108%2fJHLSCM-02-2018-0019&partnerID=40&md5=df64ad5a75146b32a29ffa230daeb41b},
	affiliations = {College of Business, University of Mary Washington, Fredericksburg, VA, United States; College of Engineering, Princess Sumaya University for Technology, Amman, Jordan; College of Engineering Management & Systems Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States; School of Social Policy and Practice, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States},
	abstract = {Purpose: Every year volunteers play a crucial role in disaster responses around the world. Volunteer management is known to be more complex than managing a paid workforce, and this is only made worse by the uncertainty of rapidly changing conditions of crisis scenarios. The purpose of this paper is to address the critical problem of assigning tasks to volunteers and other renewable and non-renewable resources simultaneously, particularly under high-load conditions. These conditions are described by a significant mismatch between available volunteer resources and demands or by frequent changes in requirements. Design/methodology/approach: Through a combination of literature reviews and interviews with managers from several major volunteer organizations, six key characteristics of crisis volunteer resource allocation problems are identified. These characteristics are then used to develop a general mixed integer programming framework for modeling these problems. Rather than relying on probabilistic resource or demand characterizations, this framework addresses the constantly changing conditions inherent to this class of problems through a dynamic resource reallocation-based approach that minimizes the undesirable impacts of changes while meeting the desired and changing objectives. The viability of this approach for solving problems of realistic size and scale is demonstrated through a large set of computational experiments. Findings: Using a common commercial solver, optimal solutions to the allocation and reallocation problems were consistently obtained in short timespans for a wide variety of problems that have realistic sizes and characteristics. Originality/value: The proposed approach has not been previously addressed in the literature and represents a computationally tractable method to allocate volunteer, renewable and non-renewable resources to tasks in highly volatile crisis scenarios without requiring probabilistic resource or demand characterizations. © 2018, Emerald Publishing Limited.},
	author_keywords = {Human resource planning; Humanitarian logistics; Integer programming; OR in disaster relief; Resource allocation},
	correspondence_address = {C. Garcia; College of Business, University of Mary Washington, Fredericksburg, United States; email: cgarcia@umw.edu},
	publisher = {Emerald Group Holdings Ltd.},
	issn = {20426747},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Humanit. Logist. Supply Chain Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 21}
}

@ARTICLE{Cooper2018430,
	author = {Cooper, Lesley and Briggs, Lynne and Bagshaw, Susan},
	title = {Postdisaster Counselling: Personal, Professional, and Ethical Issues},
	year = {2018},
	journal = {Australian Social Work},
	volume = {71},
	number = {4},
	pages = {430 – 443},
	doi = {10.1080/0312407X.2018.1492622},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85052055542&doi=10.1080%2f0312407X.2018.1492622&partnerID=40&md5=d668a5cca36aaf124354d41330a5c388},
	affiliations = {School of Health and Society, Faculty of Social Science, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia; School of Human Services and Social Work, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia; Christchurch School of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand},
	abstract = {Volunteer counsellors face particular challenges in postdisaster interventions. This research investigates personal, professional, and ethical issues faced by mental health volunteer counsellors recruited to a counselling service that emerged following the 2011 earthquakes in the Canterbury region of New Zealand. Earthquakes create major community disruption that can overwhelm existing service systems and require new agency arrangements and increased use of volunteers to manage and provide services. The disaster exposed counsellors to personal challenges in their own lives as well as those of their clients and significantly affected their professional practice. The findings indicate that emergency organisations and professional registration bodies should give further consideration to the management of volunteers and their early intervention work in postdisaster counselling. IMPLICATIONS Delivery of postdisaster services must encompass service management, targeted interventions, and supervision. When counsellors and clients experience the same disaster personal, professional, and ethical aspects are intertwined. Counsellors need self-care and support to manage these events. Further arrangements could be made to ensure professional insurance is available for volunteer counsellors postdisaster. © 2018, © 2018 Australian Association of Social Workers.},
	author_keywords = {Counselling; Earthquakes; Natural Disasters; Volunteers},
	keywords = {adult; article; counseling; counselor; early intervention; earthquake; emergency; ethics; female; human; human experiment; insurance; male; mental health; natural disaster; New Zealand; organization; professional practice; registration; self care; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {L. Cooper; School of Health and Society, Faculty of Social Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, 2522, Australia; email: lesleyc@uow.edu.au},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {0312407X},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Aust. Soc. Work},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 8; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Baker202070,
	author = {Baker, Sarah and Cantillon, Zelmarie},
	title = {Safeguarding Australia’s Community Heritage Sector: A Consideration of the Institutional Wellbeing of Volunteer-Managed Galleries, Libraries, Archives, Museums and Historical Societies},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {Australian Historical Studies},
	volume = {51},
	number = {1},
	pages = {70 – 87},
	doi = {10.1080/1031461X.2019.1659836},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85075468494&doi=10.1080%2f1031461X.2019.1659836&partnerID=40&md5=5d3804fe368a966f62e92a59a2898f84},
	affiliations = {Griffith University, Australia},
	abstract = {In Australia, the community heritage sector–galleries, libraries, archives, museums and historical societies managed by volunteers–plays a significant role in recording and preserving the diversity of Australia’s cultural heritage. However, these community heritage organisations face uncertain futures. This article offers four examples of heritage organisations located in New South Wales, Queensland and South Australia which have struggled with organisational sustainability arising from various financial, human, physical, skills, and expertise challenges. We assess some of the common problems threatening the longevity of community heritage organisations and what action is needed to safeguard this sector into the future. © 2020, © 2020 Editorial Board, Australian Historical Studies.},
	correspondence_address = {S. Baker; Griffith University, Australia; email: s.baker@griffith.edu.au},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {1031461X},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Aust. Hist. Stud.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 11}
}

@ARTICLE{Poláčková20212019,
	author = {Poláčková, Kristína and Hlaváčová, Nataša and Polakovič, Róbert and Pružek, Michal},
	title = {Heterogeneity of volunteer motivations at sports events in Slovakia},
	year = {2021},
	journal = {Journal of Physical Education and Sport},
	volume = {21},
	pages = {2019 – 2027},
	doi = {10.7752/jpes.2021.s3258},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85112624192&doi=10.7752%2fjpes.2021.s3258&partnerID=40&md5=f1f04fcdc59bfa480d4cdc36a5e22c55},
	affiliations = {Department of Sports Educology and Sports Humanistic, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia; Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia},
	abstract = {Problem Statement: Volunteers are one of the essential parts of the organization team for sports events. Without them, many sports events would not be as large. In today’s world, where it is uncommon to help without expecting a reward, it is important to see and understand the motivation behind volunteering. Purpose: In our study, we focused on volunteers in Slovakia during five big international sports events to identify the motivations of volunteers and to explore relationships with selected variables. Results: A questionnaire was utilized to collect data from a total of 145 subjects. Using a Chi-Square contingency table analysis, we searched for the associations between observed indicators. A significant relationship between gender and volunteer motivation was revealed (χ2 = 8.45; p ≤ 0.05%). The strongest motivational factor for men was the love of sports and experiences/atmosphere/to make new contacts. For women, the strongest motivational factor was to take part at the event. The analysis also revealed the relationship between the sports events in which the volunteers participated and the volunteer motivation (χ2= 31.65; p <0.01%), as well as the relationship between gender and the sport event (χ2 = 16.3857, p <0.01%). The relationship between volunteer motivation and educational level or employment status was not found. We searched whether the satisfaction of volunteers during sports events impacts future participation and found that there is a close dependency between the two. Conclusions: For the organizer of the sports events, it is important to understand behavior and motivate volunteers. Our findings on different motivations may help sports event organizers develop more effective volunteer management strategies. © 2021, Editura Universitatii din Pitesti. All rights reserved.},
	author_keywords = {Employment; Gender; Motivational factors; Satisfaction; Volunteering},
	correspondence_address = {K. Poláčková; Department of Sports Educology and Sports Humanistic, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia; email: kristina.polackova@uniba.sk},
	publisher = {Editura Universitatii din Pitesti},
	issn = {22478051},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Phys. Educ. Sport},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 2; All Open Access, Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Trent20202174,
	author = {Trent, Sheridan B. and Allen, Joseph A. and Prange, Kelly A.},
	title = {Communicating our way to engaged volunteers: A mediated process model of volunteer communication, engagement, and commitment},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {Journal of Community Psychology},
	volume = {48},
	number = {7},
	pages = {2174 – 2190},
	doi = {10.1002/jcop.22353},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85089776898&doi=10.1002%2fjcop.22353&partnerID=40&md5=02970851aaf0f129d54b6696a31f9ec8},
	affiliations = {Psychology Department, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, NE, United States; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States},
	abstract = {Retaining productive volunteers is an essential issue nonprofit organizations face, as volunteers help extend nonprofits' services to their target populations. The current study examined two facets of communication, perception of voice (i.e., upward communication) and satisfaction with communication (i.e., downward communication), as well as training, as important volunteer management practices with respect to facilitating volunteer engagement and commitment using both psychological contract and social exchange theories as the framework. One-hundred and seventy-one volunteers from two nonprofit organizations were surveyed to assess their satisfaction with the communication processes at their respective agencies, as well as their level of engagement, commitment, and perception of the training they received for their volunteer roles. Volunteer perceptions of both upward and downward communication were found to be indirectly related to organizational commitment through engagement. In addition, results indicated that volunteer training practices moderated the effects of upward and downward communication on engagement and commitment. Findings suggested that upward and downward communication are important predictors of volunteer engagement and commitment. Furthermore, providing training may help to strengthen these indirect effects. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC},
	keywords = {Adult; Communication; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Job Satisfaction; Male; Middle Aged; Organizations, Nonprofit; Surveys and Questionnaires; Volunteers; adult; article; female; human; human experiment; major clinical study; male; non profit organization; perception; process model; satisfaction; voice; clinical trial; cross-sectional study; education; interpersonal communication; job satisfaction; middle aged; multicenter study; organization and management; psychology; questionnaire; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {S.B. Trent; Psychology Department, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, United States; email: strent@unomaha.edu},
	publisher = {Wiley-Liss Inc.},
	issn = {00904392},
	pmid = {32841382},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Community Psychol.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 10}
}

@ARTICLE{McAllum2018951,
	author = {McAllum, Kirstie},
	title = {Committing to refugee resettlement volunteering: Attaching, detaching and displacing organizational ties},
	year = {2018},
	journal = {Human Relations},
	volume = {71},
	number = {7},
	pages = {951 – 972},
	doi = {10.1177/0018726717729209},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85042136882&doi=10.1177%2f0018726717729209&partnerID=40&md5=0000b6c5abd8564fdde79417cbe12c5f},
	affiliations = {Université de Montréal, Canada},
	abstract = {As members of local host communities, volunteers play an important role in effective long-term refugee resettlement. This study investigated the nature of volunteer commitment by organizational volunteers who were assigned a front-line role in organizing material assistance and providing information about cultural practices for newly arrived refugees. Using interview data from volunteers, organizational representatives, and organizational recruitment and training documents, the study found that volunteers’ commitment was structured by the presence and absence of volunteer coordinators, the organization’s clients and volunteers’ significant others. While insufficient ties to the organization or strong, competing ties from significant others led volunteers to detach themselves from the organization, overly strong affective ties with refugees displaced organizational ties, leading to volunteers’ organizational exit. This study problematizes an individual-centric, psychological notion of commitment; instead, it situates commitment as a collective communicative process whereby relevant stakeholders negotiate the relationships that tie them together. It thus expands the range of voices present in decisions about commitment and provides new data on how organizational and relational others impact sustainable volunteer management. © 2017, © The Author(s) 2017.},
	author_keywords = {commitment; nonprofit organizations; not-for-profit organizations; refugee resettlement; turnover; volunteers},
	keywords = {adult; article; human; interview; non profit organization; refugee; turnover time; voice; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {K. McAllum; Department of Communication,Université de Montréal, Montreal, CP 6128, Succursale, Centre-Ville, H3C 3J7, Canada; email: kirstie.mcallum@umontreal.ca},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Ltd},
	issn = {00187267},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Hum. Relat.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 20; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Jones2020163,
	author = {Jones, Jennifer A.},
	title = {Volunteer Management: Introducing Students to the Art and the Science},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {Management Teaching Review},
	volume = {5},
	number = {2},
	pages = {163 – 171},
	doi = {10.1177/2379298118821061},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85104601247&doi=10.1177%2f2379298118821061&partnerID=40&md5=1aa9e45b9a95f14f231f8db18609ab6f},
	affiliations = {University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States},
	abstract = {Textbooks and lectures can convey the science of volunteer management; however, the art of volunteer management is developed through experience and reflection. This teaching activity gives students practice in developing a volunteer program and in identifying mission and position-specific nuances to volunteer management. Over the course of three nonconsecutive class sessions, students focus on one mission area, identifying volunteer positions, types of volunteers, likely motivations for volunteering, training needed, preferred training format, formal and informal recognition activities, and appropriate evaluation/feedback processes. Through this process, they apply volunteer management best practices in creative ways, responding to the needs of the organization and the volunteers it is likely to attract. The activity was designed for in-person undergraduate classes, but it can be adapted for graduate students, online courses, and longer in-class sessions. © The Author(s) 2018.},
	author_keywords = {nonprofit management; volunteer management; volunteerism},
	correspondence_address = {J.A. Jones; University of Florida, Gainesville, United States; email: jenniferajones@ufl.edu},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
	issn = {23792981},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Manag. Teach. Rev.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 3}
}

@ARTICLE{Zohurian2020198,
	author = {Zohurian, Meisam and Mortazavi, Saeed and Lagzian, Mohammad and Farahi, Mohammad Mahdi},
	title = {An exploration of the pattern of managing volunteers in the Construction Jihad},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {International Journal of Business Innovation and Research},
	volume = {21},
	number = {2},
	pages = {198 – 216},
	doi = {10.1504/IJBIR.2020.104817},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85079175362&doi=10.1504%2fIJBIR.2020.104817&partnerID=40&md5=7e7b633fb898254499a57f88e20e07ae},
	affiliations = {Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran},
	abstract = {The purpose of this study was to explore the pattern of managing volunteer forces in Construction Jihad. To achieve this, two strategies, namely, the grounded theory and interpretive structural modelling were used. The present research is a developmental one in terms of nature, an idealist and pragmatic in terms of ontology and is based on subjective interpretations and objective knowledge in terms of epistemology. The research population consist two sections of the Construction Jihad organisation managers and employees. The findings of the research led to the identification of 903 primary codes in the form of 82 concepts. In the next step, the concepts were reduced to 17 more abstract categories. Then, the type of relationship between these elements was evaluated in pairs by the experts and based on that, the final pattern of the research was drawn up. In this pattern, the categories of religious values, empathic leadership, and trust are elements that affect other elements; however, they themselves are not affected, which is why they were plotted in the first level. © 2020 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.},
	author_keywords = {Construction Jihad; Grounded theory; Interpretative structural modelling; Management of volunteers; Volunteering},
	correspondence_address = {S. Mortazavi; Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran; email: Mortazavi@um.ac.ir},
	publisher = {Inderscience Publishers},
	issn = {17510252},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Int. J. Bus. Innov. Res.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Dickson2020683,
	author = {Dickson, Tracey J. and Darcy, Simon and Pentifallo Gadd, Caitlin},
	title = {Ensuring volunteer impacts, legacy and leveraging is not “fake news”: Lessons from the 2015 FIFA Women’s World Cup},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management},
	volume = {32},
	number = {2},
	pages = {683 – 705},
	doi = {10.1108/IJCHM-04-2019-0370},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85092120063&doi=10.1108%2fIJCHM-04-2019-0370&partnerID=40&md5=a577dba52f69a01692b037de4c5db757},
	affiliations = {University of Canberra, Australia; University of Technology, Sydney, Australia; University of British Columbia, Canada},
	abstract = {Purpose: This study aims to explore the legacy potential of the FIFA Women’s World Cup (FWWC) 2015, for the host communities across Canada. Design/methodology/approach: The mixed-methods study included a link to an online anonymous survey being sent to all volunteers at the FWWC that explored their prior volunteering experience, motivations for volunteering, perceived skill development and future volunteering intentions. Documents were reviewed, and key stakeholders were interviewed. Findings: The results support previous research that mega-sport event (MSE) volunteers are typically older females with prior volunteering experience. Those most likely to indicate they wanted to volunteer more are younger volunteers without prior volunteering experience. While legacy was discussed as a desired outcome, this was not operationalised through strategic human resource strategies such as being imbedded in the position descriptions for the volunteer managers. Research limitations/implications: As this study was conducted in the real-world context of a sport event, the timing of the survey was determined by the organising committee. Practical implications: Mega sport events typically draw upon existing host-city social and human capital. For future event organising committees planning for and delivering a volunteer legacy may require better strategic planning and leveraging relationships with existing host-city volunteer networks. In the context of a single sport, women’s MSE, multi-venue, multi-province event, greater connection was required to proactively connect younger women for volunteers to their geographic sport and event volunteering infrastructure. Originality/value: This is the first research of volunteers for the largest women’s mega single-sport event. There are three theoretical contributions of the paper to: the socio-ecological lens, motivational theory of single event MSE and the contribution of social and human capital to understandings of legacy. © 2020, Emerald Publishing Limited.},
	author_keywords = {Legacy; Motivation; Social and human capital; Sport events; Volunteer; Women},
	correspondence_address = {T.J. Dickson; University of Canberra, Australia; email: tracey.dickson@canberra.edu.au},
	publisher = {Emerald Group Holdings Ltd.},
	issn = {09596119},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Int. J. Contemp. Hosp. Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 13}
}

@ARTICLE{Gaber2020,
	author = {Gaber, Jessica and Oliver, Doug and Valaitis, Ruta and Cleghorn, Laura and Lamarche, Larkin and Avilla, Ernie and Parascandalo, Fiona and Price, David and Dolovich, Lisa},
	title = {Experiences of integrating community volunteers as extensions of the primary care team to help support older adults at home: A qualitative study},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {BMC Family Practice},
	volume = {21},
	number = {1},
	doi = {10.1186/s12875-020-01165-2},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85084898723&doi=10.1186%2fs12875-020-01165-2&partnerID=40&md5=04c12cfd5122f80208764914ce4f525c},
	affiliations = {Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, David Braley Health Sciences Centre, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, L8S4K1, ON, Canada; School of Nursing, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, L8S4K1, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, L8S4K1, ON, Canada},
	abstract = {Background: Increasing the integration of community volunteers into primary health care delivery has the potential to improve person-focused, coordinated care, yet the use of volunteers in primary care is largely unexplored. Health Teams Advancing Patient Experience: Strengthening Quality (Health TAPESTRY) is a multi-component intervention involving trained community volunteers functioning as extensions of primary care teams, supporting care based on older adults' health goals and needs. This study aimed to gain an understanding of volunteer experiences within the program and client and health care provider perspectives on the volunteer role. Methods: This study used a qualitative descriptive approach embedded in a pragmatic randomized controlled trial. Participants included Health TAPESTRY volunteers, health care providers, volunteer coordinator, and program clients, all connected to two primary care practice sites in a large urban setting in Ontario, Canada. Data collection included semi-structured focus groups and interviews with all participants, and the completion of a measure of attitudes toward older adults and self-efficacy for volunteers. Qualitative data were inductively coded and analyzed using a constant comparative approach. Quantitative data were summarized using descriptive statistics. Results: Overall, 30 volunteers and 64 other participants (clients, providers, volunteer coordinator) were included. Themes included: 1. Volunteer training: "An investment in volunteers"; 2. Intergenerational volunteer pairing: "The best of both worlds"; 3. Understanding the volunteer role and its scope: "Lay people involved in care"; 4. Volunteers as extensions of primary care teams: "Being the eyes where they live"; 5. The disconnect between volunteers and the clinical team: "Is something being done?"; 6. "Learning.. all the time": Impacts on volunteers; and 7. Clients' acceptance of volunteers. Conclusions: This study showed that it is possible to integrate community volunteers into the primary care setting, adding human connections to deepen the primary care team's understanding of their patients. Program implementation suggestions that emerged included: Using role play in training, making volunteer role boundaries and specifications clear, and making efforts to connect volunteers and the primary care team they are supporting. This exploration of stakeholder voices has the potential to help improve volunteer program uptake and acceptability, as well as volunteer recruitment, retention, and training. Trial registration: For RCT: Https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02283723, November 5, 2014. © 2020 The Author(s).},
	author_keywords = {Home visits; Interprofessional teams; Older adults; Primary care; Qualitative research; Volunteers},
	keywords = {Aged; Attitude of Health Personnel; Delivery of Health Care, Integrated; Female; Focus Groups; Health Services for the Aged; Home Care Services; Humans; Male; Ontario; Patient Care Team; Primary Health Care; Professional Role; Psychosocial Support Systems; Self Efficacy; Volunteers; aged; article; attitude; controlled study; eye; female; health care personnel; home visit; human; interview; investment; layperson; learning; major clinical study; male; Ontario; primary medical care; qualitative research; randomized controlled trial; role playing; self concept; voice; education; elderly care; epidemiology; health personnel attitude; home care; information processing; integrated health care system; organization and management; patient care; primary health care; procedures; professional standard; psychology; psychosocial care; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {J. Gaber; Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, David Braley Health Sciences Centre, Hamilton, 1280 Main Street West, L8S4K1, Canada; email: jgaber@mcmaster.ca},
	publisher = {BioMed Central Ltd.},
	issn = {14712296},
	pmid = {32416718},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {BMC Fam. Pract.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 14; All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Ashfaq2020189,
	author = {Ashfaq, Fouzia and Butt, Mattiullah and Ilyas, Sehrish},
	title = {Volunteering: what drives and retains it? An analysis of motivational needs together with organizational policies and practices},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {Qualitative Research Journal},
	volume = {21},
	number = {2},
	pages = {189 – 205},
	doi = {10.1108/QRJ-04-2020-0024},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85093678556&doi=10.1108%2fQRJ-04-2020-0024&partnerID=40&md5=46927a7a5289234c6dd4ec1f8427cf12},
	affiliations = {National College of Business Administration and Economics, Lahore, Pakistan; Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan},
	abstract = {Purpose: Drawing on expectancy theory, this research explores how and when volunteers’ motivational drives for volunteering relate to organizational policies and practices. The paper analyses four areas of motivational association – affiliation, beliefs, career development and egoistic motives – together with organizational human resource (HR) policies and practices. Design/methodology/approach: The study used a qualitative approach and through 17 interviews of the volunteer managers associated with 13 non-profit organizations (NPOs) examined that how through HR policies and practices, an NPO efficiently taps motivational drives of volunteers and maintains their spirit of volunteering. Findings: The findings of the study indicated that the same behaviour may serve different functions for different individuals. Most of the motivational drives need to be tapped with specific tasks and events to become a source of fulfilment for volunteers, this plays a vital role in their decisions to continue volunteering. NPOs’ HR practices without volunteers’ motivation cannot serve any purpose. In the same vein, volunteers’ motivation cannot sustain for a longer period if it is not properly linked with organizational HR practices. Research limitations/implications: The research findings may lack generalizability because of the selected research approach. Originality/value: A great part of existing research, not previously captured in literature, is focussed on the assessment of the motivational underpinnings with respect to HR policies and practices. © 2020, Emerald Publishing Limited.},
	author_keywords = {Functional strategy; Human resource policies and practices; Motivation; Volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {F. Ashfaq; National College of Business Administration and Economics, Lahore, Pakistan; email: fouziams@hotmail.com},
	publisher = {Emerald Group Holdings Ltd.},
	issn = {14439883},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Qual. Res. J.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 4}
}

@ARTICLE{Washburn20201,
	author = {Washburn, Lisa T. and Crocker, Andrew B. and Leatherman, JoAnne},
	title = {From Territorial to Transformational: A New Framework for Master Volunteer Engagement},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {Journal of Extension},
	volume = {58},
	number = {4},
	pages = {1 – 6},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85098684359&partnerID=40&md5=0976f1d8b83597d90dd8ffc04e8ec06d},
	affiliations = {Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States; Gerontology and Health Family, Community Health Texas, A&M AgriLife Extension Service, Amarillo, Texas, United States; Agriculture and Healthy Living National 4-H Council, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States},
	abstract = {Meaningful volunteer engagement depends on the Extension professional’s volunteer management philosophy, training, and organizational support for using volunteers. Volunteer development and leadership development are typically absent from management-focused volunteer models used in Extension. Professional development of the Extension professional, beyond discrete management tasks, is lacking but is needed for authentic volunteer engagement through master volunteer programs. A volunteer engagement framework is described to guide a shift from volunteer management to engagement, including use of principles of the community-based participatory approach. The volunteer engagement framework can help professionals identify and self-assess the skill set needed for authentic and sustained volunteer involvement in support of Extension. © 2020. Extension Journal, Inc. All Rights Reserved.},
	author_keywords = {health volunteers; master volunteers; volunteer development; volunteer engagement; volunteer management},
	correspondence_address = {L.T. Washburn; Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, United States; email: Lwashbu4@utk.edu},
	publisher = {Extension Journal, Inc.},
	issn = {10775315},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Ext.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 2}
}

@ARTICLE{Pepper20221031,
	author = {Pepper, Melissa},
	title = {Theorising the police support volunteer experience in an English constabulary: A role identity perspective},
	year = {2022},
	journal = {Policing and Society},
	volume = {32},
	number = {8},
	pages = {1031 – 1047},
	doi = {10.1080/10439463.2021.1999449},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85119370016&doi=10.1080%2f10439463.2021.1999449&partnerID=40&md5=ec3ff1d6fd60f1b568f47162c50e2bd9},
	affiliations = {School of Law and Criminology, University of Greenwich, London, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {Police Support Volunteers (PSVs)–citizens who give their time freely to perform tasks that complement the duties of police officers and staff–are a relatively new addition to a long and established history of volunteers in policing. However, despite featuring in every police service in England and Wales, little is known about the individuals who volunteer or their experiences while doing so. This article draws on interviews with 20 PSVs and five volunteer managers in a large urban police service in England. Findings point to the importance of volunteers being recognised and valued for their contribution, the ways in which this is communicated by paid members of the workforce, and the meaning that PSVs attach to feeling recognised and valued in terms of their satisfaction and intention to continue to give their time. The article frames the significance of PSV experiences through role identity theory–the aspects of an individual’s self-image that they derive from the social categories to which they perceive themselves belonging–which has been shown to be influential on the development of organisational commitment, volunteer satisfaction, and the subsequent sustained volunteering behaviour that this can bring about. The article concludes by highlighting the importance of embedding volunteer recognition throughout the police organisation, rather than relying on the tenacity of individual officers and staff members. It also acknowledges the opportunities that a role identity perspective brings to a currently under-theorised field, helping to make sense of PSVs’ experiences as a volunteer in policing. © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.},
	author_keywords = {police support volunteers; role identity; Volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {M. Pepper; School of Law and Criminology, University of Greenwich, London, United Kingdom; email: m.j.pepper@greenwich.ac.uk},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {10439463},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Policing Soc.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 3; All Open Access, Green Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Walters20211,
	author = {Walters, Jayme and Wallis, Dorothy},
	title = {Characteristics and organizational capacity of nonprofits in rural, persistently poor Southern Counties in the United States},
	year = {2021},
	journal = {Journal of Public and Nonprofit Affairs},
	volume = {7},
	number = {3},
	pages = {1 – 27},
	doi = {10.20899/jpna.7.3.1-27},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85120429671&doi=10.20899%2fjpna.7.3.1-27&partnerID=40&md5=0d50059846d41fafcbe1c8a6a8474b00},
	affiliations = {Utah State University; University of Tennessee, Knoxville, United States},
	abstract = {The present study focuses on organizational capacity of nonprofits located in rural, persistently poor counties in the South region of the United States, an area of the country that encapsulates the majority of rural poverty. IRS Form 990 data were utilized for recruitment and to obtain demographic characteristics for nonprofits in the area of interest (N=3,530). Emailed and mailed surveys to all qualifying organizations sought to measure organizational capacity. Data from 292 nonprofits were examined in a descriptive analysis. Overall, the participating rural nonprofits scored moderate to high in most dimensions of organizational capacity. Financial management, strategic planning, collaboration, and program planning were strengths in organizational capacity. Evaluation, succession planning, fundraising planning, human resources, and volunteer management were challenges. Study findings provide guidance to capacity builders and funders to guide future training, investments, and policy related to rural nonprofits and communities they serve. © 2021 Midwest Public Affairs Conference. All rights reserved.},
	author_keywords = {Organizational Capacity; Rural Nonprofit; Rural Poverty},
	publisher = {Midwest Public Affairs Conference},
	issn = {23813717},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Public Nonprofit Aff.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1}
}

@ARTICLE{Einarsdóttir2020871,
	author = {Einarsdóttir, Anna and Osia, Salome U.},
	title = {“That’s My Job”: Tensions Between Employees and Volunteers in the Fire Service},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly},
	volume = {49},
	number = {4},
	pages = {871 – 889},
	doi = {10.1177/0899764020908329},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85081563568&doi=10.1177%2f0899764020908329&partnerID=40&md5=4626d5fc70cd275036aa4c924a5ced97},
	affiliations = {University of York, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {Volunteering has gained momentum in the public sector as a way of maintaining or improving service delivery. Yet, research into public sector volunteering is sparse, including the unique relationship between employees and volunteers and the implications of adding volunteering programs to established structures. Based on ethnographic case study over 9 months with a Fire and Rescue Service in England and a total of 26 interviews with employees and volunteers, we explain tensions between the two groups and how they are played out in everyday practice. In doing so, we extend theory of cooperation and competition by introducing the concept of pseudo employees, or volunteers as employees in the making, which explains both organizational and intergroup mechanisms that set volunteers up to fail, undermining their contribution and the validity of public sector volunteering programs. © The Author(s) 2020.},
	author_keywords = {conceptualization of pseudo employees; fire service volunteers; tensions between employees and volunteers; theory of collaboration and competition; volunteer management},
	correspondence_address = {A. Einarsdóttir; University of York, United Kingdom; email: anna.einarsdottir@york.ac.uk},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
	issn = {08997640},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Volunt. Sect. Q.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 6}
}

@ARTICLE{Traeger20191022,
	author = {Traeger, Charlotte and Alfes, Kerstin},
	title = {High-Performance Human Resource Practices and Volunteer Engagement: The Role of Empowerment and Organizational Identification},
	year = {2019},
	journal = {Voluntas},
	volume = {30},
	number = {5},
	pages = {1022 – 1035},
	doi = {10.1007/s11266-019-00135-2},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85067802564&doi=10.1007%2fs11266-019-00135-2&partnerID=40&md5=d71ffe36e7a6abbfc950711865edaba1},
	affiliations = {Chair of Organization and Human Resource Management, ESCP Europe Business School Berlin, Heubnerweg 8-10, Berlin, 14059, Germany},
	abstract = {Volunteering research has long focused on the characteristics of volunteers and their motivations to highlight what drives them to dedicate their free time to good causes. More recently, researchers have turned their attention toward exploring the management practices that nonprofit organizations can implement to promote volunteers’ motivations and thereby improve their attitudes and performance. Our study contributes to this research by analyzing the extent to which combinations of human resource practices can be leveraged to influence volunteers’ level of engagement in their role. Survey results from 256 volunteers in five different nonprofit organizations in the Netherlands support our hypothesized model. Specifically, high-performance human resource practices are related positively to volunteer engagement, and volunteers’ organizational identification and psychological empowerment can account for a significant portion of variance in this relationship. Implications for research and the professional management of volunteers are discussed. © 2019, International Society for Third-Sector Research.},
	author_keywords = {Empowerment; Engagement; High-performance human resource practices; Nonprofit organizations; Organizational identification},
	keywords = {empowerment; human resource; local participation; management practice; nonprofit organization; participatory approach},
	correspondence_address = {C. Traeger; Chair of Organization and Human Resource Management, ESCP Europe Business School Berlin, Berlin, Heubnerweg 8-10, 14059, Germany; email: ctraeger@escpeurope.eu},
	publisher = {Springer New York LLC},
	issn = {09578765},
	coden = {VOLUE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Voluntas},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 31}
}

@ARTICLE{Usadolo2019244,
	author = {Usadolo, Sam Erevbenagie and Usadolo, Queen Emwenkeke},
	title = {The Impact of Lower Level Management on Volunteers’ Workplace Outcomes in South African Non-profit Organisations: The Mediating Role of Supportive Supervisor Communication},
	year = {2019},
	journal = {Voluntas},
	volume = {30},
	number = {1},
	pages = {244 – 258},
	doi = {10.1007/s11266-018-9970-5},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85042224422&doi=10.1007%2fs11266-018-9970-5&partnerID=40&md5=7819d3e8c7a7f9d5978b83022daa8f21},
	affiliations = {Apex Research and Academic Development Institute, Currumbin Waters, Gold Coast, Australia; Southern Cross University, Bilinga Campus, Bilinga, Australia},
	abstract = {This study examined the influence of leader–member exchange on volunteers’ job satisfaction and intention to stay, using supportive supervisor communication as a mediator. A regression analysis undertaken showed that the independent variable (leader–member exchange) had a direct and significant impact on the dependent variables (volunteers’ job satisfaction and intention to stay) in community-based organisations in Eastern Cape, South Africa. Further analysis showed that supportive supervisor communication partially mediated the influence of leader–member exchange on job satisfaction and intention to stay in the community-based organisations examined. These findings confirm previous findings about the impact of workplace relationships on volunteers’ attitudes and behaviours, especially as they relate to the influence of supportive supervisor communication on the relationship between leader–member exchange and the identified workplace outcomes in this study. Implications of the findings for the management of volunteers in community-based organisations are discussed. © 2018, International Society for Third-Sector Research and The Johns Hopkins University.},
	author_keywords = {Intention to stay; Job satisfaction; Leader–member exchange; Supportive supervisor communication; Volunteers},
	keywords = {Eastern Cape; South Africa; community organization; management; nonprofit organization; workplace},
	correspondence_address = {S.E. Usadolo; Apex Research and Academic Development Institute, Currumbin Waters, Gold Coast, Australia; email: seusadolo@apexresearch.org},
	publisher = {Springer New York LLC},
	issn = {09578765},
	coden = {VOLUE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Voluntas},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 14}
}

@ARTICLE{Tiltay2020183,
	author = {Tiltay, Muhammet Ali and Islek, Mahmut Sami},
	title = {Volunteer Management of Local and National Nonprofit Organisations: an exploratory study from Turkey},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {International Review on Public and Nonprofit Marketing},
	volume = {17},
	number = {2},
	pages = {183 – 201},
	doi = {10.1007/s12208-019-00234-2},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85077376553&doi=10.1007%2fs12208-019-00234-2&partnerID=40&md5=6bb225523c0fbc36156676d48b3c4fcb},
	affiliations = {Business Administration Department, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey},
	abstract = {The present study aims to reveal how volunteer management is executed from the perspective of managers and volunteers of non-profit organisations operating in Turkey at the local and national levels. For the research design, Waikayi et al.’s in Management Decision, 50(3), 349–367 (2012) modified framework was used. Four separate focus-group interviews were conducted with managers and volunteers of local and national non-profit organisations located in Eskisehir, Turkey. The study provided insight into the motivations of volunteers, the sustainability of volunteerism, and the acquisition of volunteers through volunteer management. The design of the research was exploratory, and the assessments were made based on the data collected from four separate focus groups. Within this context, even though the research results are limited, they provide some implications for understanding the volunteer management processes of local and national non-profit organisations. Strategies and tactics that can be used in the context of the human resource approach for both local and national non-profit organisations may be deduced from this study. The present study is the first to address voluntary management in an emerging market from a holistic perspective, which will provide significant tips to both theorists and practitioners. The research contributes to the volunteer management of non-profit organisations in developing markets at local and national levels, and to the relevant literature. © 2019, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.},
	author_keywords = {Focus group; Qualitative methods; Volunteer commitment; Volunteer management},
	correspondence_address = {M.S. Islek; Business Administration Department, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey; email: msislek@ogu.edu.tr},
	publisher = {Springer},
	issn = {18651984},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Int. Rev. Public Nonprofit Mark.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 5}
}

@ARTICLE{Urrea20192653,
	author = {Urrea, Gloria and Pedraza-Martinez, Alfonso J. and Besiou, Maria},
	title = {Volunteer Management in Charity Storehouses: Experience, Congestion and Operational Performance},
	year = {2019},
	journal = {Production and Operations Management},
	volume = {28},
	number = {10},
	pages = {2653 – 2671},
	doi = {10.1111/poms.13073},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85073579142&doi=10.1111%2fpoms.13073&partnerID=40&md5=4504e2e2f2716e9d1e71773394733aa7},
	affiliations = {Leeds School of Business, University of Colorado at Boulder, 419 UCB, Boulder, 80309, CO, United States; Operations and Decision Technologies, Kelley School of Business, Indiana University, 1309 E. 10th Street, Bloomington, 47405, IN, United States; Kuehne Logistics University, Grosser Grasbrook 17, Hamburg, 20457, Germany},
	abstract = {We study volunteer management at a charity storehouse operated by a large faith-based organization. The storehouse runs entirely on volunteer efforts. We investigate the role of volunteer experience and storehouse congestion in the preparation of orders using a multi-method approach. First, we conduct a field study to explore these relationships and collect data at the level of volunteers’ teams. These teams can pair volunteers with either different levels of experience (mixed pairing) or equal levels of experience (no-mixed pairing). Second, we estimate the effects of volunteer experience and storehouse congestion on the order processing times empirically. Third, we build a simulation model to study how operational decisions—volunteers’ pairing in teams and whether to allow or impede storehouse congestion—affect two performance metrics: on-time order preparation rate and additional time to prepare the orders, in steady conditions. Then, we simulate disaster conditions at the storehouse, that is, simultaneous surges in supply of volunteers and demand of orders. Contrary to extant literature on team collaboration, we find that no-mixed pairing outperforms mixed pairing under disaster conditions with storehouse congestion. In fact, no-mixed pairing improves the on-time order preparation by 4.32% and the additional time to prepare the orders by 14.42% compared to mixed pairing. Moreover, under disaster conditions, a “controlled congestion” policy at the storehouse delivers the best performance metrics. © 2019 The Authors. Production and Operations Management published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Production and Operations Management Society},
	author_keywords = {congestion; experience; learning; multi-method research; volunteer management},
	correspondence_address = {M. Besiou; Kuehne Logistics University, Hamburg, Grosser Grasbrook 17, 20457, Germany; email: maria.besiou@the-klu.org},
	publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell},
	issn = {10591478},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Prod. Oper. Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 21; All Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Kim2020158,
	author = {Kim, Eunkyung},
	title = {How can Korean older adults be encouraged to become more involved in volunteer activities?},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {Educational Gerontology},
	volume = {46},
	number = {3},
	pages = {158 – 165},
	doi = {10.1080/03601277.2020.1725314},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85078950455&doi=10.1080%2f03601277.2020.1725314&partnerID=40&md5=bf2cde753e2cd5cac9289d909561a2c6},
	affiliations = {Graduate School of Public Policy, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea},
	abstract = {This qualitative study explored how Korean older adults can be encouraged to become more involved in volunteer activities. The study utilized in-depth, face-to-face interviews with twelve practitioners in senior volunteering fields in South Korea. The themes were (a) helping seniors become involved in volunteer activities; (b) developing programs to satisfy both the demand for and the needs of senior volunteers; (c) leveraging volunteer groups with elderly group leaders; (d) providing financial support for the cost of volunteer activities; (e) preventing dropout through personal support and mediation; (f) empowering service recipients for recruitment through one-to-one contact; (g) establishing a dedicated volunteer manager for senior volunteers; and (h) cultivating a privately led organization dedicated to senior volunteering. The results are expected to promote volunteer involvement among older adults based on the experiences of practitioners and to provide practical educational implications for instructors teaching and equipping college/graduate students or field practitioners who are new to the older population. © 2020, © 2020 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.},
	keywords = {aged; article; clinical article; controlled study; female; graduate student; human; male; physician; teaching},
	correspondence_address = {E. Kim; Graduate School of Public Policy, Sejong University, Seoul, Kwangjin-gu, South Korea; email: sena80542000@yahoo.com},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {03601277},
	coden = {EDGED},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Educ. Gerontol.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1}
}

@ARTICLE{Yumagulova202145,
	author = {Yumagulova, Lilia and Phibbs, Suzanne and Kenney, Christine M. and Yellow Old Woman-Munro, Darlene and Christianson, Amy Cardinal and McGee, Tara K. and Whitehair, Rosalita},
	title = {The role of disaster volunteering in Indigenous communities},
	year = {2021},
	journal = {Environmental Hazards},
	volume = {20},
	number = {1},
	pages = {45 – 62},
	doi = {10.1080/17477891.2019.1657791},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85071320998&doi=10.1080%2f17477891.2019.1657791&partnerID=40&md5=6de5a4b0f3a4febaa3f1f15d53f514f5},
	affiliations = {School of Community and Regional Planning, Sauder School of Business, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; School of Health Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand; Joint Centre for Disaster Research, GNS Science/Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand; Dancing Deer Disaster Recovery Centre, Siksika Nation, Canada; Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, Edmonton, Canada; Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; Disaster Recovery, New Mexico Department of Homeland Security & Emergency Management, Santa Fe, NM, United States},
	abstract = {Drawing on Māori (Aotearoa-New Zealand), First Nations (Canada), and Navajo Nation (U.S.), case studies and practitioners’ experiences, this article addresses a gap in our understanding of the role of volunteers in emergencies and disasters in Indigenous communities. Enablers and challenges to effective volunteering in these Indigenous communities are discussed. Cultural enablers of volunteering include building capacity during non-emergency times, using all senses when volunteering, and supporting locally emergent psychosocial recovery institutions that are based on cultural understanding and trust. Resolving systemic barriers to volunteering would require institutional and organisational changes through governance, coordination and training. Practical recommendations for supporting volunteer management in Indigenous communities are made. © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.},
	author_keywords = {disaster management; Indigenous communities; volunteers},
	keywords = {New Zealand; capacity building; disaster management; indigenous population; institutional framework; organizational change; psychology; voluntary approach},
	correspondence_address = {L. Yumagulova; Sauder School of Business, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 2053 Main Mall, V6T 1Z2, Canada; email: lily.yumagulova@gmail.com},
	publisher = {Taylor and Francis Ltd.},
	issn = {17477891},
	coden = {ENHAF},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Environ. Hazards},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 29}
}

@ARTICLE{Hvenegaard2019250,
	author = {Hvenegaard, Glen T. and Perkins, Robyn},
	title = {Motivations, commitment, and turnover of bluebird trail managers},
	year = {2019},
	journal = {Human Dimensions of Wildlife},
	volume = {24},
	number = {3},
	pages = {250 – 266},
	doi = {10.1080/10871209.2019.1598521},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85063609967&doi=10.1080%2f10871209.2019.1598521&partnerID=40&md5=4f2473b6666fb128824db6a240c1d066},
	affiliations = {University of Alberta - Augustana Campus, Science Department, Camrose, AB, Canada},
	abstract = {Volunteers support wildlife conservation, but engagement is often limited and short-term. This article examined the demographics, commitment, retention, and turnover among volunteer managers of bluebird nest boxes. Based on a survey, respondents were older, more educated, and more rural than the general population. Volunteers committed large amounts of time and money. Motivations to manage a bluebird trail were conserving bluebirds, experiencing nature, and seeing bluebirds; key benefits were enjoyment, health, and experiencing nature. Respondents will stop their activities eventually, citing mobility, time, and health constraints, but had taken little action to recruit replacements. To address turnover among bluebird trail managers, conservation organizations should diversify the volunteer base, offer flexible commitment levels, meet expectations, maintain motivations, and support the transition from retiring volunteers to new volunteers. The article’s results will be helpful in recruiting and managing volunteers for other wildlife or natural resource conservation projects. © 2019, © 2019 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.},
	author_keywords = {Bluebirds; commitment; stewardship; turnover; volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {G.T. Hvenegaard; University of Alberta - Augustana Campus, Camrose, 4901-46 Avenue, T4V2R3, Canada; email: glen.hvenegaard@ualberta.ca},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {10871209},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Hum. Dimens. Wildl.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 12}
}

@ARTICLE{Walk2019509,
	author = {Walk, Marlene and Zhang, Ruodan and Littlepage, Laura},
	title = {“Don't you want to stay?” The impact of training and recognition as human resource practices on volunteer turnover},
	year = {2019},
	journal = {Nonprofit Management and Leadership},
	volume = {29},
	number = {4},
	pages = {509 – 527},
	doi = {10.1002/nml.21344},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85055940530&doi=10.1002%2fnml.21344&partnerID=40&md5=41ec3d375c2c3170934e3bc673febb44},
	affiliations = {School of Public and Environmental Affairs, IUPUI, Indianapolis, IN, United States; School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States; Public Policy Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States},
	abstract = {Managing volunteers is a difficult undertaking. This study draws on human resource (HR) management theory and literature to investigate the effect of two HR practices—training and recognition—on volunteer turnover. We use longitudinal administrative data collected by an Indiana nonprofit organization, which contains individual volunteer characteristics, organizational HR practices, and information on actual turnover behavior. We found that recognizing volunteer contributions with awards predicted volunteer retention in the following year. Training did not have a direct effect on volunteer turnover, but interacted with gender; men who received training were more likely to stay than women. The study contributes to the literature on HR management in the volunteer context, adds to the emerging literature on awards as incentives for volunteers, and addresses the common method bias by using longitudinal data. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
	author_keywords = {human resource management; human resource practices; turnover; volunteer management; volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {M. Walk; School of Public and Environmental Affairs, IUPUI, Indianapolis, United States; email: mwalk@iupui.edu},
	publisher = {Jossey-Bass Inc., Publishers},
	issn = {10486682},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Manage. Leadersh.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 57; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Cour20191,
	author = {Cour, Anders la},
	title = {The management quest for authentic relationships in voluntary social care},
	year = {2019},
	journal = {Journal of Civil Society},
	volume = {15},
	number = {1},
	pages = {1 – 17},
	doi = {10.1080/17448689.2018.1551864},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85058135084&doi=10.1080%2f17448689.2018.1551864&partnerID=40&md5=109640237c33b7af014fe75e50fe1932},
	affiliations = {Department of Management, Politics & Philosophy, Copenhagen Business School, Frederiksberg, Denmark},
	abstract = {Little research has been devoted to exploring the perspective of volunteer managers and the values guiding them in their effort to manage voluntary social care. The purpose of this article is to begin to provide insight into the content of these values and their impact on the day-to-day practices of managers. The article will proceed through three stages. The first provides a short review of the literature regarding the nature of research in the field of volunteer management. This is followed by a presentation of results from an exploratory study of how managers’ call for authentic relationships has specific consequences for how voluntary social care becomes an object of their management. These questions will be investigated among managers in four different organizational settings in Denmark, which organize voluntary social care in relation to children, the elderly, young people with mental health problems and hospital patients respectively. The article concludes by discussing the kinds of challenges and dilemmas that these values and expectations bring about. © 2018, © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.},
	author_keywords = {authentic relationships; Management; voluntary social care},
	correspondence_address = {A.L. Cour; Department of Management, Politics & Philosophy, Copenhagen Business School, Frederiksberg, 2000, Denmark; email: al.mpp@cbs.dk},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {17448689},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Civil Soc.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 15; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Kim2018375,
	author = {Kim, Eunjung and Fredline, Liz and Cuskelly, Graham},
	title = {Heterogeneity of sport event volunteer motivations: A segmentation approach},
	year = {2018},
	journal = {Tourism Management},
	volume = {68},
	pages = {375 – 386},
	doi = {10.1016/j.tourman.2018.04.004},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85046018424&doi=10.1016%2fj.tourman.2018.04.004&partnerID=40&md5=99d261229ea0d6c12b6c6754c3f67909},
	affiliations = {Department of Tourism, Sport and Hotel Management, Griffith Business School, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Australia},
	abstract = {This study identifies specific sport event volunteer motivations, and then segments sport event volunteers based on their motivations. It investigates the distinct features of four motivational clusters in terms of their socio-demographics, their volunteering-related experiences, and the type of sport event at which they volunteered. The data comprises a sample of 337 volunteers from three sport events in Queensland. The Volunteer Motivation Scale for International Sporting Events (VMS-ISE) questionnaire is used and data are analyzed using exploratory factor analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis on standardized variables. Chi-square tests are then undertaken to explore relationships with other variables. The results indicate that motivations differ among the four main groups identified. Event organizers will be able to use this understanding of differing motivations to develop more effective volunteer management strategies. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd},
	author_keywords = {Cluster analysis; Motivation; Sport event; Volunteer},
	keywords = {Australia; Queensland; cluster analysis; factor analysis; heterogeneity; segmentation; sport; voluntary approach},
	correspondence_address = {E. Kim; Griffith University, Southport, Business G 27, Parklands Drive, Gold Coast Campus, 4222, Australia; email: eunjung.kim@griffithuni.edu.au},
	publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
	issn = {02615177},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Tour. Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 51; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{van Bochove2020111,
	author = {van Bochove, Marianne and Oldenhof, Lieke},
	title = {Institutional Work in Changing Public Service Organizations: The Interplay Between Professionalization Strategies of Non-Elite Actors},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {Administration and Society},
	volume = {52},
	number = {1},
	pages = {111 – 137},
	doi = {10.1177/0095399718786880},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85050208253&doi=10.1177%2f0095399718786880&partnerID=40&md5=bf018307de2298b54ea4287c2a3abc2e},
	affiliations = {Erasmus University Rotterdam, Netherlands},
	abstract = {It is often argued that increased volunteer participation in public service organizations will lead to de-professionalization of established professionals. Adopting a relational approach, this article shows that professionalization of new actors can actually initiate and reinforce the professionalization of others. This article focuses on the interplay between nonelite actors in social care that carry out institutional work aimed at pursuing three strategies: classic professionalization of volunteer coordinators, proto-professionalization of volunteers, and advanced professionalization of social care practitioners. Potential negative implications of these professionalization strategies are the hollowing out of paid social care work and the exclusion of vulnerable volunteers. © The Author(s) 2018.},
	author_keywords = {institutional work; professionalism; public services; volunteers; welfare state reform},
	correspondence_address = {M. van Bochove; Erasmus University Rotterdam, Netherlands; email: vanbochove@eshpm.eur.nl},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
	issn = {00953997},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Adm. Soc.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 12; All Open Access, Green Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Lovegrove2018483,
	author = {Lovegrove, Hannah and Fairley, Sheranne},
	title = {Student volunteer placements in events, tourism, and hospitality: Understanding the views of multiple stakeholders},
	year = {2018},
	journal = {Event Management},
	volume = {22},
	number = {3},
	pages = {483 – 500},
	doi = {10.3727/152599518X15263071602750},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85048634496&doi=10.3727%2f152599518X15263071602750&partnerID=40&md5=b4d90613676a4a117215574abbb2ac33},
	affiliations = {University of Queensland Business School, St Lucia, QLD, Australia},
	abstract = {With the rise in event management and related degrees such as tourism and hospitality, student volunteering has increased within event-related educational programs as student volunteer placements are integrated into the curriculum. Drawing on psychological contract theory, this research examines the expectations and experiences of student volunteers, volunteer managers, and university placement officers to provide a holistic understanding of the student volunteer placement process. Data were collected through interviews and written reflections of the student volunteer experience. The findings indicate that student volunteers are driven to engage in volunteer placements by seven key factors: gaining experience in the application of knowledge, gaining new knowledge, acquiring transferable skills, networking, resumé building, and enhanced employability. Managerial expectations of volunteers encompassed four central categories: current skills and knowledge, skills and knowledge that develop over time, performance attributes, and reciprocal benefits. Finally, results showed that the university placement officer acts as a conduit between the students and the placement organizations. The results hold implications for volunteer managers and university placement officers in developing student volunteer programs that maximize the benefits for all stakeholders. © Cognizant, LLC.},
	author_keywords = {Psychological contract theory; University student placements; Volunteer management; Volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {H. Lovegrove; University of Queensland Business School, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Room 415, Joyce Acroyd Building, 4072, Australia; email: Hannah.lovegrove@hotmail.com},
	publisher = {Cognizant Communication Corporation},
	issn = {15259951},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Event Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 4}
}

@ARTICLE{Alony202014,
	author = {Alony, Irit and Haski-Leventhal, Debbie and Lockstone-Binney, Leonie and Holmes, Kirsten and Meijs, Lucas C. P. M.},
	title = {Online volunteering at DigiVol: an innovative crowd-sourcing approach for heritage tourism artefacts preservation},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {Journal of Heritage Tourism},
	volume = {15},
	number = {1},
	pages = {14 – 26},
	doi = {10.1080/1743873X.2018.1557665},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85077276210&doi=10.1080%2f1743873X.2018.1557665&partnerID=40&md5=e6d0eeee7723af5d56c99311ec51453e},
	affiliations = {Macquarie Graduate School of Management, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Australia; William Angliss Institute, Melbourne, Australia; School of Marketing, Curtin University, Perth, Australia; Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Department of Tourism, Sport and Hotel Management, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia},
	abstract = {Most museums find that the resources required to transform from curators into providers of heritage and cultural tourism exceed those available to them. One way of addressing this challenge is through volunteer programs to assist in heritage tourism artefacts preservation. This article is based on a case study of an innovative crowd-sourcing initiative of integrating on-site and online volunteers for the preservation and documentation of heritage artefacts: the DigiVol program at the Australian Museum, Sydney. This large citizen science volunteer program has digitised an unprecedented portion of the museum’s collections and has been recognised in Australia and internationally as a best practice ‘volunteer digitisation service’ model. Seeking further empirical support for the emerging concept of ‘recruitability’ from the volunteering literature (i.e. the ability of volunteer organisations to recruit and retain volunteers), this research used case study methodology. Based on interviews, focus groups, and document analyses, the article identifies key elements of innovation and effectiveness in DigiVol practices. The article concludes with recommendations for programs wishing to follow best practice and expand their recruitability, to digitise and preserve artefacts, and therefore support science, tourism and education. © 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.},
	author_keywords = {heritage artefacts; innovation; Museum volunteering; Online volunteering; volunteer management},
	correspondence_address = {D. Haski-Leventhal; Macquarie Graduate School of Management, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Australia; email: debbie.haski-leventhal@mgsm.edu.au},
	publisher = {Taylor and Francis Ltd.},
	issn = {1743873X},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Herit. Tour.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 7}
}

@ARTICLE{Hanley201874,
	author = {Hanley, Janis and Baker, Sarah and Pavlidis, Adele},
	title = {Applying the value-creation framework to a community museum volunteer project: implementing a digital storytelling programme at the Mudgeeraba Light Horse Museum},
	year = {2018},
	journal = {Annals of Leisure Research},
	volume = {21},
	number = {1},
	pages = {74 – 94},
	doi = {10.1080/11745398.2016.1265459},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85006304314&doi=10.1080%2f11745398.2016.1265459&partnerID=40&md5=27700603e710b9ae6ca5b8752036a17d},
	affiliations = {School of Humanities, Languages and Social Science, Griffith University, Southport, Australia; Griffith Centre for Social and Cultural Research, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia},
	abstract = {There are thousands of community museums across Australia. Their capacity varies, and viability is an issue, with many having insufficient volunteers and funding to operate. This research explores the community value offered by these organizations by examining a specific case: the introduction of a digital storytelling (DST) programme into a community museum by the volunteers. These volunteers form a community of practice, actively learning through collaboratively developing their skills. A qualitative approach was taken, using a participatory action research methodology. Applying the value-creation framework (VCF) developed by Wenger, Trayner, and de Laat (2011. Promoting andAssessing Value Creation in Communities and Networks: A Conceptual Framework. Amsterdam: Ruud de Moor Centrum) enabled an analysis of value through participants’ stories around introducing the DST programme. This research has implications for digital learning activities in museums, but more broadly to the value of community museums for the community, for volunteer management, and for researchers applying the VCF to other contexts where communities of practice are identified. © 2016 Australia and New Zealand Association of Leisure Studies.},
	author_keywords = {community museum; participatory action research; qualitative research; value-creation framework; Volunteering},
	correspondence_address = {J. Hanley; School of Humanities, Languages and Social Science, Griffith University, Southport, Australia; email: janis.hanley@griffithuni.edu.au},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {11745398},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Ann. Leis Res.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 9}
}

@ARTICLE{Liu202228,
	author = {Liu, Zhiming and Jia, Haiwei},
	title = {Testing the Mediating Effect of Need–Supply Fit on the Relationship Between Volunteer Management Practices and Volunteer Satisfaction in China},
	year = {2022},
	journal = {Journal of Social Service Research},
	volume = {48},
	number = {1},
	pages = {28 – 44},
	doi = {10.1080/01488376.2021.1951924},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85111686918&doi=10.1080%2f01488376.2021.1951924&partnerID=40&md5=f7de1e4258d6f932ffd76d35ce7b8fbd},
	affiliations = {School of Public Management, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China},
	abstract = {In recent years, volunteer management practices (VMPs) have attracted the attention of scholars. However, the mechanism by which VMPs affect volunteer satisfaction, an important antecedent of volunteer sustainability, remains poorly understood. This article examines one such mechanism, need–supply fit, through which VMPs influence volunteer satisfaction. Although need–supply fit has been verified as a mediating mechanism of human resource management practice affecting the satisfaction of paid employees, the question of whether need–supply fit is a similar influencing mechanism in the context of volunteering requires further research. By the use of a cluster sample (N = 211) collected from four nonprofit organizations in China, a mediation model is outlined and empirically tested. The results show that both VMPs and need–supply fit have significant positive relationships with volunteer satisfaction and that need–supply fit fully mediates the relationship between VMPs and volunteer satisfaction. Future research is suggested to verify the mechanism proposed in this article across different cultures and volunteering fields and to explore the differences of the impact of intended VMPs and perceived VMPs on the volunteers’ satisfaction. © 2021 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.},
	author_keywords = {mediating effect; need–supply fit; volunteer management practices; Volunteer satisfaction},
	correspondence_address = {H. Jia; School of Public Management, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, 510642, China; email: scaujhw@126.com},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {01488376},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Soc. Serv. Res.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 4}
}

@ARTICLE{Nagel20201074,
	author = {Nagel, Siegfried and Seippel, Ørnulf and Breuer, Christoph and Feiler, Svenja and Elmose-Østerlund, Karsten and Llopis-Goig, Ramon and Nichols, Geoff and Perényi, Szilvia and Piątkowska, Monika and Scheerder, Jeroen},
	title = {Volunteer satisfaction in sports clubs: A multilevel analysis in 10 European countries},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {International Review for the Sociology of Sport},
	volume = {55},
	number = {8},
	pages = {1074 – 1093},
	doi = {10.1177/1012690219880419},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85074733582&doi=10.1177%2f1012690219880419&partnerID=40&md5=738f32cbc0584e1e66e89b7962f8887b},
	affiliations = {University of Bern, Switzerland; Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Norway; German Sport University Cologne, Germany; University of Southern Denmark, Denmark; University of Valencia, Spain; University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; University of Physical Education Budapest, Hungary; Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Poland; KU Leuven, Belgium},
	abstract = {Regular voluntary engagement is a basic resource for sports clubs that may also promote social cohesion and active citizenship. The satisfaction of volunteers is an imperative factor in this engagement, and the purpose of this article is to explore individual and organizational determinants of volunteer satisfaction in sports clubs. Theoretically, our study builds on the actor-theory concepts where volunteer satisfaction depends on subjective evaluations of expectations and experiences in a sports club (‘logic of situation’), so that positive evaluations lead to higher satisfaction and, hopefully, retention of volunteers. This research uses a sample of 8131 volunteers from 642 sports clubs in 10 European countries, and is the first analysis to combine determinants at the level of the club and the volunteer (multilevel). Results show that the most important determinants of satisfaction are the conditions of volunteering (recognition, support, leadership and material incentives) and the workload of volunteers. Surprisingly, club characteristics, size or having paid staff are not significant determinants of volunteer satisfaction. The results of this analysis can assist more effective volunteer management in sports clubs that are facing challenges of individualization and professionalization. © The Author(s) 2019.},
	author_keywords = {actor-theory concepts; multilevel approach; sports clubs; volunteer satisfaction; volunteering},
	keywords = {adult; article; expectation; female; human; human experiment; human tissue; individualization; leadership; logic; major clinical study; male; multilevel analysis; satisfaction; sport; theoretical study; workload},
	correspondence_address = {S. Nagel; University of Bern, Switzerland; email: siegfried.nagel@ispw.unibe.ch},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Ltd},
	issn = {10126902},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Int. Rev. Sociol. Sport},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 21; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Moczek2021,
	author = {Moczek, Nicola and Hecker, Susanne and Voigt-Heucke, Silke L.},
	title = {The known unknowns: What citizen science projects in Germany know about their volunteers—and what they don’t know},
	year = {2021},
	journal = {Sustainability (Switzerland)},
	volume = {13},
	number = {20},
	doi = {10.3390/su132011553},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85117734125&doi=10.3390%2fsu132011553&partnerID=40&md5=90e9a859e3ba3bb8a4aef9f39ce0c79a},
	affiliations = {Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Invalidenstraße 43, Berlin, 10115, Germany; PSY:PLAN Institute for Architectural and Environmental Psychology, Berlin, 10245, Germany; Animal Behaviour, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 6, Berlin, 14195, Germany},
	abstract = {The citizen science landscape in Germany offers an enormous range for participation. More than 170 projects currently present themselves on the national citizen science platform. In 2020, we conducted a survey among 140 projects (participation rate 56%), and they provided information on the organisational framework and characteristics (disciplines, initiators, funding, and project goals), as well as on the academic researchers and the volunteering citizen scientists involved. A surprising result was that the level of knowledge about the volunteers is very low overall. Many projects deliberately do not collect personal data (e.g., on socio-demographic variables, knowledge, and behaviour), partly for data-protection reasons and partly because they are unsure about how to collect it due to a lack of instruments and standards. We aim to illustrate the complexity of this issue and discuss various dilemmas arising between theoretical aspirations and the pragmatic and procedural realities in practice. We conclude with suggestions for developing project-specific strategies to increase diversity and inclusion. We argue that the task of conducting accompanying research on participant diversity cannot be borne by individual projects alone and consider the development and implementation of co-creative and qualitative approaches suitable for this purpose. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},
	author_keywords = {Citizen science; Inclusiveness; Participant demographics; Participation; Public engagement; Volunteer management; Volunteering},
	keywords = {Germany; complexity; detection method; knowledge; landscape; organizational framework; social participation},
	correspondence_address = {N. Moczek; Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Berlin, Invalidenstraße 43, 10115, Germany; email: Nicola.Moczek@mfn.berlin},
	publisher = {MDPI},
	issn = {20711050},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Sustainability},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 18; All Open Access, Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Maas2021866,
	author = {Maas, Stephanie A. and Meijs, Lucas C. P. M. and Brudney, Jeffrey L.},
	title = {Designing “National Day of Service” Projects to Promote Volunteer Job Satisfaction},
	year = {2021},
	journal = {Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly},
	volume = {50},
	number = {4},
	pages = {866 – 888},
	doi = {10.1177/0899764020982664},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85098495318&doi=10.1177%2f0899764020982664&partnerID=40&md5=9092a0c516b94723cf5b185c1ee69079},
	affiliations = {Erasmus University Rotterdam, Netherlands; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of North Carolina Wilmington, United States},
	abstract = {National Day of Service (NDS) volunteering events have become common, yet little is known about how the design of such events affects volunteer satisfaction. This relationship is important because volunteer satisfaction ensures a strong volunteer base for special events and promotes sustained volunteerism. We explore how the design of NDS projects promotes volunteer job satisfaction. Our approach to the research question is informed by work design theory. Based on interview, participant observation, and focus group data from an NDS in the Netherlands, the findings suggest that nonprofit organizations can elicit volunteer job satisfaction by designing NDS projects that create a sense of added value, support productivity, and make volunteers feel comfortable. Designing NDS projects that incorporate task significance, symbolic social support, feedback from others, beneficiary contact, task identity, project preparation, physically demanding work, social support, and limited autonomy help to achieve these goals. © The Author(s) 2020.},
	author_keywords = {episodic volunteering; National Day of Service; volunteer job satisfaction; volunteer management; work design},
	correspondence_address = {S.A. Maas; Erasmus University Rotterdam, Netherlands; email: s.a.maas@rsm.nl},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
	issn = {08997640},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Volunt. Sect. Q.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 23; All Open Access, Green Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Pesut2020,
	author = {Pesut, Barbara and Duggleby, Wendy and Warner, Grace and Kervin, Emily and Bruce, Paxton and Antifeau, Elisabeth and Hooper, Brenda},
	title = {Implementing volunteer-navigation for older persons with advanced chronic illness (Nav-CARE): A knowledge to action study},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {BMC Palliative Care},
	volume = {19},
	number = {1},
	doi = {10.1186/s12904-020-00578-1},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85085263853&doi=10.1186%2fs12904-020-00578-1&partnerID=40&md5=b50fb133ab45e101cfadab60f620c29f},
	affiliations = {School of Nursing, University of British Columbia Okanagan, 1147 Research Road Arts, Kelowna, V1V 1V7, BC, Canada; Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, 3-141 ECHA 11405 87th Ave, Edmonton, T6G1C9, AB, Canada; Dalhousie University, P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, B3H 4R2, NS, Canada; Mount Saint Vincent University, 166 Bedford Highway, Halifax, B3M 2J6, NS, Canada; University of British Columbia Okanagan, 1147 Research Road. Arts, Kelowna, V1V 1V7, BC, Canada; Regional Clinical Nurse Specialist, Palliative End-of-Life Care Services, Interior Health, 333 Victoria Street, Nelson, V1L 4K3, BC, Canada},
	abstract = {Background: Nav-CARE is a volunteer-led intervention designed to build upon strategic directions in palliative care: a palliative approach to care, a public health/compassionate community approach to care, and enhancing the capacity of volunteerism. Nav-CARE uses specially trained volunteers to provide lay navigation for older persons and family living at home with advanced chronic illness. The goal of this study was to better understand the implementation factors that influenced the utilization of Nav-CARE in eight diverse Canadian contexts. Methods: This was a Knowledge to Action study using the planned action cycle for Nav-CARE developed through previous studies. Participants were eight community-based hospice societies located in diverse geographic contexts and with diverse capacities. Implementation data was collected at baseline, midpoint, and endpoint using qualitative individual and group interviews. Field notes of all interactions with study sites were also used as part of the data set. Data was analyzed using qualitative descriptive techniques. The study received ethical approval from three university behavioural review boards. All participants provided written consent. Results: At baseline, stakeholders perceived Nav-CARE to be a good fit with the strategic directions of their organization by providing early palliative support, by facilitating outreach into the community and by changing the public perception of palliative care. The contextual factors that determined the ease with which Nav-CARE was implemented included the volunteer coordinator champion, organizational capacity and connection, the ability to successfully recruit older persons, and the adequacy of volunteer preparation and mentorship. Conclusions: This study highlighted the importance of community-based champions for the success of volunteer-led initiatives and the critical need for support and mentorship for both volunteers and those who lead them. Further, although the underutilization of hospice has been widely recognized, it is vital to recognize the limitations of their capacity. New initiatives such as Nav-CARE, which are designed to enhance their contributions to palliative care, need to be accompanied by adequate resources. Finally, this study illustrated the need to think carefully about the language and role of hospice societies as palliative care moves toward a public health approach to care. © 2020 The Author(s).},
	author_keywords = {(3-10) volunteers; Compassionate community; Hospice; Knowledge translation; Navigation; Palliative; Palliative approach; Public-health},
	keywords = {Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Chronic Disease; Female; Geriatrics; Humans; Male; Patient Navigation; Qualitative Research; Translational Medical Research; Volunteers; aged; Alberta; Article; British Columbia; chronic disease; community care; data analysis; descriptive research; family; female; geography; geriatric patient; health care need; health care organization; health care personnel; health care utilization; health education; hospice; human; interview; leadership; male; mentor; Nova Scotia; palliative therapy; program sustainability; public health; qualitative analysis; quality of life; volunteer; chronic disease; geriatrics; patient care; procedures; psychology; qualitative research; translational research; very elderly},
	correspondence_address = {B. Pesut; School of Nursing, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, 1147 Research Road Arts, V1V 1V7, Canada; email: Barb.pesut@ubc.ca},
	publisher = {BioMed Central Ltd.},
	issn = {1472684X},
	pmid = {32443979},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {BMC Palliative Care},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 19; All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Nesbit2018502,
	author = {Nesbit, Rebecca and Christensen, Robert K. and Brudney, Jeffrey L.},
	title = {The Limits and Possibilities of Volunteering: A Framework for Explaining the Scope of Volunteer Involvement in Public and Nonprofit Organizations},
	year = {2018},
	journal = {Public Administration Review},
	volume = {78},
	number = {4},
	pages = {502 – 513},
	doi = {10.1111/puar.12894},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85048947721&doi=10.1111%2fpuar.12894&partnerID=40&md5=d9d2d8816d215ea5f87ea7d262f2cd9c},
	affiliations = {University of Georgia, United States; Brigham Young University, United States; University of North Carolina Wilmington, United States},
	abstract = {Despite popular rhetoric concerning the benefits of volunteerism for public and nonprofit organizations, the use and management of volunteers to assist in the delivery of services is uneven: some organizations rely heavily on volunteer labor for this purpose, while others circumscribe volunteer contributions or eschew volunteer involvement altogether. This article introduces eight dimensions of volunteer involvement—four involving organizational decisions and four regarding volunteers’ decisions—that make up the overall scope of volunteer involvement in an organization. Based on a review of the literature, the article presents a conceptual framework and several research propositions concerning how organizational characteristics, volunteer management, and environmental factors affect the overall scope of volunteer involvement in an organization. © 2017 by The American Society for Public Administration},
	publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},
	issn = {00333352},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Public Adm. Rev.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 68; All Open Access, Bronze Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Hallmann201911,
	author = {Hallmann, Kirstin and Zehrer, Anita},
	title = {Volunteers' perceived costs and benefits: The impact of context and their influence on volunteers' satisfaction and behavioral intentions},
	year = {2019},
	journal = {Event Management},
	volume = {23},
	number = {1},
	pages = {11 – 26},
	doi = {10.3727/152599518X15403853721411},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85063154763&doi=10.3727%2f152599518X15403853721411&partnerID=40&md5=bcef60b2fd47d46f372dae9836ea33ac},
	affiliations = {Institute of Sport Economics and Sport Management, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Family Business Center, MCI Management Center Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria},
	abstract = {The purpose of this research is to investigate if the perceived benefits and costs of volunteering are congruent among nonprofit organizations and for-profit sport events and how they influence volunteers' satisfaction and behavioral intentions. By means of a survey, data from the German Championships in Gymnastics (n = 51) and a tournament of the German Gymnastics Federation (n = 74) plus data from eight nonprofit sport clubs (n = 115) were collected. The findings are underpinning the rationale of social exchange theory from a theoretical perspective. Volunteer managers should be aware that perceived costs and benefits differ between club and event volunteers. Social capital drives behavioral intentions of event volunteers, but not behavioral intentions of club volunteers. © 2019 Cognizant, LLC.},
	author_keywords = {Behavioral intentions; Nonprofit organizations; Satisfaction; Volunteering},
	correspondence_address = {K. Hallmann; Institute of Sport Economics and Sport Management, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Am Sportpark Muengersdorf 6, 50933, Germany; email: k.hallmann@dshs-koeln.de},
	publisher = {Cognizant Communication Corporation},
	issn = {15259951},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Event Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 10}
}

@ARTICLE{Heidarpoor2021169,
	author = {Heidarpoor, Peygham and Maniati, Mahmood and Cheraghi, Maria and Beheshtinasab, Maryam and Afshari, Poorandokht},
	title = {Organization of volunteers in the healthcare system and the type of services provided by them during the COVID-19 pandemic},
	year = {2021},
	journal = {Family Medicine and Primary Care Review},
	volume = {23},
	number = {2},
	pages = {169 – 173},
	doi = {10.5114/FMPCR.2021.105909},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85112365805&doi=10.5114%2fFMPCR.2021.105909&partnerID=40&md5=0093d365c3baf1f46b11b281689fce2d},
	affiliations = {Virtual School of Medical Education and Management, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Social Dentistry and Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Social Determinant of Health Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Reproductive Health Promotion Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran},
	abstract = {Summary Background. In the event of accidents and disasters, the presence of volunteers, if not organized, can sometimes worsen the situation instead of improving it. Objectives. This research was aimed at the ways of organizing volunteers in the healthcare system during the COVID-19 pandemic in the southwest of Iran. Material and method. This questionnaire-based descriptive study was conducted on 140 volunteer health workers either active in pro-viding services to COVID-19 patients or on the waiting list. The participants were selected using convenience sampling. They completed the information form, which was analyzed after collection using SPSS version 22. Results. The 140 volunteers’ mean age was 32.5 with a standard deviation of 7.5. Of these volunteers, 62.1% had volunteered to serve since the first days of the outbreak. According to the participants of this study, the management of volunteers was spontaneous under the supervision of the official and state system, and the vast majority of them considered the official healthcare system’s reception of volunteers as positive but saw the bureaucracy as a major obstacle to recruiting volunteers, especially nursing and midwifery gradu-ates. Finally, the participants’ motive for volunteering was found to be a sense of personal responsibility and human duty. Conclusions. Proper planning, organization and management of volunteers in an epidemic situation should be taken into account by healthcare officials in order to receive the highest efficiency in times of crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic. © Wydawnictwo Continuo.},
	author_keywords = {COVID-19; Delivery of health care; Pandemics; Volunteers},
	keywords = {adult; Article; coronavirus disease 2019; educational status; health care delivery; health care personnel; health care system; health service; hospital auxiliary; hospital management; human; human experiment; Iran; middle aged; pandemic; questionnaire; responsibility; social media; volunteer; young adult},
	correspondence_address = {P. Afshari; Reproductive Health Promotion Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; email: poafshari@gmail.com},
	publisher = {Polish Society of Family Medicine},
	issn = {17343402},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Fam. Med. Prim. Care Rev.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 6; All Open Access, Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Mead201912S,
	author = {Mead, Joseph},
	title = {A Legal Perspective on the Organization–Volunteer Relationship},
	year = {2019},
	journal = {Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly},
	volume = {48},
	number = {2_suppl},
	pages = {12S – 29S},
	doi = {10.1177/0899764018762319},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85043693096&doi=10.1177%2f0899764018762319&partnerID=40&md5=9d6d77e99229551987a6800eed9f6569},
	affiliations = {Cleveland State University, OH, United States},
	abstract = {How does law view and shape the relationship between nonprofit organization and volunteer? To address this question, I draw on information from statutes, court decisions, and agency guidance from both the federal and state law in the United States. In general, “volunteer” is not a legally defined category in the United States, leaving a volunteer’s legal status to depend on whether the volunteering aligns with other, recognized types of relationships, such as employer–employee, principal–agent, or program–participant. By providing a synthesis of these varied legal rules as they apply to volunteers working for a nonprofit organization, this piece identifies different ways of describing the relationship between organization and volunteer, and the legal obligations and benefits that flow as a result. © The Author(s) 2018.},
	author_keywords = {nonprofit law; nonprofit management; nonprofit policy; volunteer management; volunteering},
	correspondence_address = {J. Mead; Cleveland State University, United States; email: J.Mead@csuohio.edu},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
	issn = {08997640},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Volunt. Sect. Q.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 6}
}

@ARTICLE{Vantilborgh201829,
	author = {Vantilborgh, Tim and Van Puyvelde, Stijn},
	title = {Volunteer Reliability in Nonprofit Organizations: A Theoretical Model},
	year = {2018},
	journal = {Voluntas},
	volume = {29},
	number = {1},
	pages = {29 – 42},
	doi = {10.1007/s11266-017-9909-2},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85028329165&doi=10.1007%2fs11266-017-9909-2&partnerID=40&md5=8d0e43e44ee385cdb846830a5d924923},
	affiliations = {Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, Free University of Brussels, Pleinlaan 2, Brussels, 1050, Belgium; Department of Applied Economics, Free University of Brussels, Pleinlaan 2, Brussels, 1050, Belgium},
	abstract = {The reliability of volunteers is a major concern for many nonprofit organizations. To address this problem in more detail, we develop a theoretical model of volunteer reliability based on psychological contract theory. By taking this perspective as a starting point, we explore how individual volunteer characteristics, organizational factors, and sociological developments shape the exchange of inducements and contributions between volunteers and nonprofit organizations. We discuss how these factors can create tensions in the psychological contract and determine the extent to which volunteers behave reliably. As such, we develop a theoretical framework for addressing the reliability problem in volunteer management. © 2018, International Society for Third-Sector Research and The Johns Hopkins University.},
	author_keywords = {Nonprofit organizations; Psychological contract; Reliability; Volunteer management; Volunteers},
	keywords = {nonprofit organization; psychology; social development; theoretical study; voluntary approach},
	correspondence_address = {S. Van Puyvelde; Department of Applied Economics, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Belgium; email: stijn.van.puyvelde@vub.be},
	publisher = {Springer New York LLC},
	issn = {09578765},
	coden = {VOLUE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Voluntas},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 10}
}

@ARTICLE{de Wit201952S,
	author = {de Wit, Arjen and Mensink, Wouter and Einarsson, Torbjörn and Bekkers, René},
	title = {Beyond Service Production: Volunteering for Social Innovation},
	year = {2019},
	journal = {Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly},
	volume = {48},
	number = {2_suppl},
	pages = {52S – 71S},
	doi = {10.1177/0899764017734651},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85063067340&doi=10.1177%2f0899764017734651&partnerID=40&md5=7754b36d236de16e15585f76dfc274aa},
	affiliations = {Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Netherlands; The Netherlands Institute for Social Research, The Hague, Netherlands; Stockholm School of Economics, Sweden},
	abstract = {Building on theories from different fields, we discuss the roles that volunteers can play in the generation, implementation, and diffusion of social innovations. We present a study relying on 26 interviews with volunteer managers, other professionals, volunteers, and one former volunteer in 17 (branches of) third sector organizations in eight European countries. We identify organizational factors that help and hinder volunteer contributions to social innovation. While volunteer contributions to social innovations are encouraged by decentralized organizational structures, systematic “scaling up” of ideas, providing training, and giving a sense of ownership, they are hindered by a reluctant attitude and a lack of resources. This rich, explorative study makes it a fruitful start for further research on the relationship between volunteering and social innovation. © The Author(s) 2017.},
	author_keywords = {human resource management; nonprofit management; social innovation; volunteering},
	correspondence_address = {A. de Wit; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Netherlands; email: arjendewit@gmail.com},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
	issn = {08997640},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Volunt. Sect. Q.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 45}
}

@ARTICLE{Pagès2019102,
	author = {Pagès, Marie and Fischer, Anke and van der Wal, René and Lambin, Xavier},
	title = {Empowered communities or “cheap labour”? Engaging volunteers in the rationalised management of invasive alien species in Great Britain},
	year = {2019},
	journal = {Journal of Environmental Management},
	volume = {229},
	pages = {102 – 111},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.06.053},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85049497947&doi=10.1016%2fj.jenvman.2018.06.053&partnerID=40&md5=2f6d7845f4dd503a724bf518effe8acf},
	affiliations = {School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, 23 St. Machar Drive, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, Scotland, United Kingdom; Social, Economic and Geographical Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, AB15 8QH, Scotland, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {Volunteers are increasingly involved in the delivery of nature conservation policies, usually supported by a twofold rationale: volunteering can (a) enhance citizen participation in environmental governance and (b) ensure a workforce is in place to support conservation work in times of budget shortages. Here, we ask how these two rationales correspond to volunteers' own motivations to engage in a specific nature conservation activity, namely the control of invasive alien species (IAS). We use qualitative interviews with professional project managers, local group leaders, and volunteers to examine the interactions between policies aiming to rationalise the management of IAS and the motivations for and goals of volunteer engagement. Our findings suggest that although volunteering can lead to positive conservation outcomes, satisfying experiences and empowerment, the different interests do not always align in practice. We investigate the implications of strategies that aim to improve the efficiency of invasive species and volunteer management, and discuss organisational arrangements that reconcile different objectives. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd},
	author_keywords = {American mink; Grey squirrel; Himalayan balsam; Invasive alien species; Neoliberalism; Volunteer engagement},
	keywords = {Humans; Introduced Species; Motivation; United Kingdom; Volunteers; United Kingdom; Mustela vison; Sciuridae; angiosperm; community resource management; conservation planning; empowerment; environmental management; introduced species; invasive species; local participation; mustelid; nature conservation; neoliberalism; rodent; Article; budget; empowerment; environmental protection; human; introduced species; invasive species; leadership; manager; motivation; nonhuman; perception; semi structured interview; volunteer; workforce; United Kingdom},
	correspondence_address = {M. Pagès; URCPIE Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Lyon, 245 rue Duguesclin, 69003, France; email: mariepgold@gmail.com},
	publisher = {Academic Press},
	issn = {03014797},
	coden = {JEVMA},
	pmid = {30001886},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Environ. Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 37; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Ilyas2020,
	author = {Ilyas, Sehrish and Butt, Mattiullah and Ashfaq, Fouzia and Maran, Daniela Acquadro},
	title = {Drivers for Non-Profits’ Success: Volunteer Engagement and Financial Sustainability Practices through the Resource Dependence Theory},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {Economies},
	volume = {8},
	number = {4},
	doi = {10.3390/economies8040101},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85100797839&doi=10.3390%2feconomies8040101&partnerID=40&md5=83756e826e6675b0df1485fc31b53b10},
	affiliations = {School of Business Administration, National College of Business Administration & Economics (Main Campus), 40 E/1 Gulberg III, Lahore, 54660, Pakistan; School of Business Administration, National College of Business Administration & Economics (Front Lane Campus), 168 Shadman II, Canal Road, Lahore, 54610, Pakistan; Department of Management Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Jail Rd, Lahore, 54600, Punjab, Pakistan; Department of Psychology, University of Torino, Via Verdi 10, Torino, 10124, Italy},
	abstract = {The strategies that non-profit organizations choose for volunteer engagement and financial sustainability are of the utmost importance for successful work. The main purpose of this study was to investigate feasible strategies for volunteer engagement and financial sustainability. Interviews were conducted to obtain data on the experience of volunteer managers in dealing with volunteers and financial matters together. Qualitative data analysis methods were used to code and analyze the data. Significant themes emerged from the data gathered through interviews that highlighted the strategies for volunteer engagement and financial sustainability chosen by the managers of non-profit organizations. From the manager’s perspective, the following strategies were considered important for engaging volunteers at non-profit organizations (NPOs): ‘building the skill sets of volunteers’, ‘fulfilling ulterior motives’, and ‘administering a culture of administrative support’. Moreover, ‘local fundraising preference’, ‘transparency’, and ‘building trust’ were regarded as successful strategies for maintaining financial sustainability. The findings of this study showed that, to function smoothly, non-profit organizations need to follow certain strategies to be cautious about volunteers as well as finance. The findings provide fruitful implications for practitioners and policy makers, and these are discussed in the paper. Furthermore, the limitations addressed in the study suggest a future direction for research in terms of study design and more focus on study informants. © 2020 by the authors.},
	author_keywords = {Financial sustainability; Formal volunteering; Managing non-profit organizations; Non-profit organizations managing volunteers; Thematic analysis; Volunteer engagement retention},
	correspondence_address = {M. Butt; School of Business Administration, National College of Business Administration & Economics (Front Lane Campus), Lahore, 168 Shadman II, Canal Road, 54610, Pakistan; email: mmattiullah@gmail.com; D.A. Maran; Department of Psychology, University of Torino, Torino, Via Verdi 10, 10124, Italy; email: daniela.acquadro@unito.it},
	publisher = {MDPI AG},
	issn = {22277099},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Economies},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 17; All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Lee20211346,
	author = {Lee, Seung Pil},
	title = {Exploring a Model of Structural Relationship for Corporate Engagement in Sustainable Volunteer Management},
	year = {2021},
	journal = {Voluntas},
	volume = {32},
	number = {6},
	pages = {1346 – 1358},
	doi = {10.1007/s11266-021-00362-6},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85107459653&doi=10.1007%2fs11266-021-00362-6&partnerID=40&md5=2ef442a9bc924a0399a8bff394361c69},
	affiliations = {Graduate Program of Global Sport, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, 107 Imun-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02450, South Korea; Division of Global Sport Industry, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, 81 Oedae-ro, Mohyeon-myeon, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si, 17035, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea},
	abstract = {The objective of this study is to develop and test a conceptual model exploring the structural relationship between significant values and variables in volunteer management and corporate sponsorship in order to seek a potential link for corporate engagement in the support of volunteers for the development of volunteer management and retention strategies. We collected data from a sample of 470 volunteers who participated in the 28th Southeast Asian Games held in Singapore in 2015. We conducted a structural equation modeling to test the hypotheses of the conceptual model. The results show that person-task and person-organization fit enhance both volunteer retention and application value of employer branding through the serial mediation effect of empowerment and social capital. The findings imply that providing volunteers with opportunities for social capital experiences (e.g., trusty networks, social development, and cooperation; developing new relationships) can be efficient to ensure the sustainable volunteer management. © 2021, International Society for Third-Sector Research.},
	author_keywords = {Application value; Empowerment; Social capital; Sponsorship; Volunteer},
	keywords = {Singapore [Southeast Asia]; conceptual framework; empowerment; modeling; social capital},
	correspondence_address = {S.P. Lee; Graduate Program of Global Sport, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul, 107 Imun-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, 02450, South Korea; email: seungpil@hufs.ac.kr},
	publisher = {Springer},
	issn = {09578765},
	coden = {VOLUE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Voluntas},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 7}
}

@ARTICLE{Downey2018,
	author = {Downey, Laura H. and Buys, David and Fountain, Brent and Ball, Tom and Hilbun, Anne Howard and Threadgill, Paula},
	title = {Assisting after disaster: A volunteer management and donations management training},
	year = {2018},
	journal = {Journal of Extension},
	volume = {56},
	number = {3},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85048939873&partnerID=40&md5=6697445d79436fc76b8bc7bd31ebee14},
	affiliations = {Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, United States},
	abstract = {Stakeholders in Mississippi perceived that Extension could lead volunteer management and donations management after a natural disaster. In response, Mississippi State University Extension professionals developed a training on volunteer management and donations management to supplement the existing Incident Management System/Incident Command System (ICS) curriculum. The training includes education on connecting volunteer management and donations management to local emergency planning, managing volunteers, managing goods and monetary donations, operating within ICS, and developing relationships between volunteer organizations and partners. The training has been pilot tested in Mississippi with promising preliminary results. Extension professionals elsewhere may benefit from similar trainings. © 2018 Extension Journal Inc.},
	publisher = {Extension Journal, Inc.},
	issn = {10775315},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Ext.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 4}
}

@ARTICLE{Morris2020190,
	author = {Morris, Jamie and Ashby, Lacie},
	title = {Evaluating a statewide 4-h volunteer structure for protection and ease},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {Journal of Youth Development},
	volume = {15},
	number = {4},
	pages = {190 – 201},
	doi = {10.5195/jyd.2020.857},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85096580396&doi=10.5195%2fjyd.2020.857&partnerID=40&md5=2dd8c7e125f76558043c4f3901535aba},
	affiliations = {University of Maryland Extension, 4-H Youth Development, United States},
	abstract = {Organizations that engage volunteers to enhance and extend programs in order to meet their mission and goals often have a process to onboard individuals to serve. These processes are typically designed to provide protection to the volunteer and the organization; however, they are only as strong as the policies and procedures set in place. This article overviews one state's process to review and revise their 4-H program's volunteer structure to improve the consistency and cohesion of its use and the protection for all involved. © 2020 University Library System, University of Pittsburgh. All rights reserved.},
	author_keywords = {Risk management; Strategic review; Volunteer engagement; Volunteer management; Volunteer system},
	publisher = {University Library System, University of Pittsburgh},
	issn = {23254009},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Youth Dev.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1; All Open Access, Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Wu20191104,
	author = {Wu, Yi-Ling and Lin, Tsai-Wen and Wang, Samuel Shih-Chih},
	title = {How Do Volunteer’s Experiences of Organizational Facilitators Influence Their Satisfaction and Loyalty: An Example of Hospital Volunteers},
	year = {2019},
	journal = {Voluntas},
	volume = {30},
	number = {5},
	pages = {1104 – 1117},
	doi = {10.1007/s11266-019-00096-6},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85061075709&doi=10.1007%2fs11266-019-00096-6&partnerID=40&md5=63f0dc94ccd606bc74853a53eb97255e},
	affiliations = {Taipei City Hospital, No. 145, Zhengzhou Rd., Taipei City, 10341, Taiwan; Institute for Information Industry, 9F., No.153, Sec. 3, Xinyi Rd., Daan Dist., Taipei, 106, Taiwan; University of Taipei, No. 101, Sec. 2, Zhongcheng Rd., Shilin Dist., Taipei City, 111, Taiwan},
	abstract = {The volunteer experience in organizational context has received far less scrutiny. Studies have indicated specific organizational settings, such as schedule flexibility, orientation and training, empowerment, social interaction, reflection, and rewards, and each has certain influences on their satisfaction and intention of remain. But we do not know their combined impact as organizational facilitators. This study focused on a sample of hospital volunteering, which occupies the largest service hours of volunteering work in Taiwan. We explored the experience of organizational facilitators that affect the satisfaction and loyalty of the volunteers from 868 valid questionnaires in a metropolitan hospital. The results showed that volunteers with more experiences on social interaction, reflections, and rewards, were more satisfied. In term of loyalty, volunteers with higher satisfaction showed higher willing to remain, recommend, accept services, and donate. Furthermore, because of flexible schedules and preferable rewards, the volunteers were more willing to remain; because of more training, higher social interaction, reflections, and rewards, the volunteers were more willing to recommend volunteering and accept services. Additionally, less flexible schedules, better empowerment, and more reflections as well as rewards influenced volunteers to be more motivated to donate. Implications of organizational efforts toward the hospital volunteer management are discussed. © 2019, International Society for Third-Sector Research and The Johns Hopkins University.},
	author_keywords = {Hospital volunteer; Loyalty; Organizational facilitators; Satisfaction},
	keywords = {Taiwan; empowerment; health services; hospital sector},
	correspondence_address = {S.S.-C. Wang; University of Taipei, Taipei City, No. 101, Sec. 2, Zhongcheng Rd., Shilin Dist., 111, Taiwan; email: shihchihwang@gmail.com},
	publisher = {Springer New York LLC},
	issn = {09578765},
	coden = {VOLUE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Voluntas},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 16}
}

@ARTICLE{Chui201989,
	author = {Chui, Cheryl Hiu-Kwan and Chan, Chee Hon},
	title = {The role of technology in reconfiguring volunteer management in nonprofits in Hong Kong: Benefits and discontents},
	year = {2019},
	journal = {Nonprofit Management and Leadership},
	volume = {30},
	number = {1},
	pages = {89 – 111},
	doi = {10.1002/nml.21369},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85073774848&doi=10.1002%2fnml.21369&partnerID=40&md5=ec48fa3bb68d8ceb860c86377b74f615},
	affiliations = {Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; The Jockey Club Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong},
	abstract = {There is plenty of evidence demonstrating that volunteering generates benefits for individuals and society at large. However, the role of technology used in recruiting, managing, and retaining volunteers in nonprofits is underexplored in East Asia. Drawing from in-depth interviews with representatives of eight nonprofits, we examine how technology reconfigured volunteer management in nonprofits, identify its limitations and shortcomings, and discuss strategies in which technology can be utilized to enhance the effectiveness of volunteer management. We found, through this study, that the use of technology reconfigured key aspects of volunteer management: improving recruitment by enlarging and diversifying the volunteer pool; enhancing precision and speed of volunteer matching; improving nonprofits’ ability to recruit professionals; and reducing overall administrative burden of volunteer management within these nonprofits. However, challenges in volunteer management resulting from technology uptake were also observed, including resistance among frontline staff to adopt technology, and volunteer accountability and quality assurance. Specifically, it was found through this study that the extent to which nonprofits are able to effectively utilize technology in volunteer management is contingent on how well volunteer managers are able to actualize the notion of capacity optimization, create a friendly volunteer environment, and build rapport with volunteers. Implications for enhancing organizational capacity in volunteer management vis-à-vis the role of technology in the third sector are further discussed. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
	author_keywords = {East Asia; nonprofit management; organizational behavior; technology; volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {C.H.-K. Chui; Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; email: chkchui@hku.hk},
	publisher = {Jossey-Bass Inc., Publishers},
	issn = {10486682},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Manage. Leadersh.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 23}
}

@ARTICLE{Sharp2020,
	author = {Sharp, Elizabeth N. and Carter, Holly},
	title = {Examination of how social media can inform the management of volunteers during a flood disaster},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {Journal of Flood Risk Management},
	volume = {13},
	number = {4},
	doi = {10.1111/jfr3.12665},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85090440302&doi=10.1111%2fjfr3.12665&partnerID=40&md5=13bf2f0f5f95d35fb4c79e4d7ee26b6a},
	affiliations = {Public Health England Porton, Porton Down, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {This research examines the ways in which social media is used to organize and manage volunteers during a flood. Flooding is currently one of the top risks highlighted within the UK National Risk Register and ways to help those affected need to be explored further. Social media is a valuable tool in disaster management as it enables information to be passed quickly and effectively to its target audience. Through semi-structured interviews with those who have experienced a flood disaster or worked during a flood recovery, we examined the potential role of social media, as well as traditional media, before, during, and in response to a flood. Interviews showed that the use of social media during a flood saved time and reached a larger audience than traditional media outlets (i.e., email, telephone). Social media was reported to be particularly useful for facilitating recruitment and management of volunteers, and for gathering equipment required during the recovery phase of a flood disaster. Our findings demonstrate that social media can play a crucial role in facilitating effective organization and management of volunteers during flood disasters. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Flood Risk Management published by Chartered Institution of Water and Environmental Management and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.},
	author_keywords = {disaster management; disaster risk reduction; flood defense measures; flood mitigation},
	keywords = {disaster management; equipment; flood damage; flooding; questionnaire survey; research work; social media},
	correspondence_address = {E.N. Sharp; Public Health England Porton, Porton Down, United Kingdom; email: sharp_lizzie@hotmail.com},
	publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Inc.},
	issn = {1753318X},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Flood Risk Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 17; All Open Access, Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Almas2020125,
	author = {Almas, Shazia and Chacón-Fuertes, Fernando and Pérez-Muñoz, Alfonso},
	title = {Direct and Indirect Effects of Transformational Leadership on Volunteers’ Intention to Remain at Non-profit Organizations; [Los efectos directos e indirectos del liderazgo transformacional en la intención de los voluntarios de permanecer en organizaciones sin ánimo de lucro]},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {Psychosocial Intervention},
	volume = {29},
	number = {3},
	pages = {125 – 132},
	doi = {10.5093/PI2020A17},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85091904614&doi=10.5093%2fPI2020A17&partnerID=40&md5=364641131e3ebb62f774ea519d8a84ac},
	affiliations = {Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain},
	abstract = {Literature on leadership has provided sufficient evidence that leadership styles increase satisfaction, commitment, and retention of employees. However, there are few studies on the effects of leadership styles on volunteers. This study aims to investigate the possible influence of transformational leadership style on retention of volunteers. Our first hypothesis is that if a volunteer coordinator has a transformational leadership style, there is a higher intention to remain. Our second hypothesis is that this relationship is mediated by the variables of the three-stage model of volunteers’ duration of service (satisfaction, organizational commitment, and role identity). To test these hypotheses, a sample of 417 volunteers (73% women), from 17 non-profit organizations, with an average age of 44 years, was surveyed. Joint results of a multiple regression analysis and path analysis supported the proposed model (CFI, GFI and NFI = .99, RMSEA < .06). Results indicate that when volunteer coordinators have a transformational style, volunteers have a higher intention to remain and that this relationship between transformational leadership style and intention to remain is partially mediated by satisfaction, organizational commitment, and role identity. The results seem to indicate that a useful strategy when running programs to increase the retention of volunteers is to train their coordinators in transformational leadership skills. © 2020 Colegio Oficial de la Psicología de Madrid.},
	author_keywords = {Organizational commitment; Role identity; Satisfaction; Transformational leadership; Volunteers’ intention to remain},
	correspondence_address = {S. Almas; Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; email: salmas@ucm.es},
	publisher = {Colegio Oficial de Psicologos de Madrid},
	issn = {11320559},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Psicosoc. Interv.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 19; All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Rosenschein2018113,
	author = {Rosenschein, Stanley J. and Davies, Todd},
	title = {Coordination technology for active support networks: context, needfinding, and design},
	year = {2018},
	journal = {AI and Society},
	volume = {33},
	number = {1},
	pages = {113 – 123},
	doi = {10.1007/s00146-017-0778-4},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85037652060&doi=10.1007%2fs00146-017-0778-4&partnerID=40&md5=d4510e92ed3444f5d08abf46327a5014},
	affiliations = {BranchTime Technologies, Palo Alto, 94301, CA, United States; Center for the Study of Language and Information, Stanford University, Stanford, 94305, CA, United States; Symbolic Systems Program, Stanford University, Stanford, 94305, CA, United States},
	abstract = {Coordination is a key problem for addressing goal–action gaps in many human endeavors. We define interpersonal coordination as a type of communicative action characterized by low interpersonal belief and goal conflict. Such situations are particularly well described as having collectively “intelligent”, “common good” solutions, viz., ones that almost everyone would agree constitute social improvements. Coordination is useful across the spectrum of interpersonal communication—from isolated individuals to organizational teams. Much attention has been paid to coordination in teams and organizations. In this paper we focus on the looser interpersonal structures we call active support networks (ASNs), and on technology that meets their needs. We describe two needfinding investigations focused on social support, which examined (a) four application areas for improving coordination in ASNs: (1) academic coaching, (2) vocational training, (3) early learning intervention, and (4) volunteer coordination; and (b) existing technology relevant to ASNs. We find a thus-far unmet need for personal task management software that allows smooth integration with an individual’s active support network. Based on identified needs, we then describe an open architecture for coordination that has been developed into working software. The design includes a set of capabilities we call “social prompting”, as well as templates for accomplishing multi-task goals, and an engine that controls coordination in the network. The resulting tool is currently available and in continuing development. We explain its use in ASNs with an example. Follow-up studies are underway in which the technology is being applied in existing support networks. © 2017, Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature.},
	author_keywords = {Active support networks; Attitude–behavior gap; Communicative action; Coordination; Intention–action gap; Social prompting},
	keywords = {Education; Active supports; Communicative actions; Continuing development; Coordination; Inter-personal communications; Interpersonal coordinations; Personal task managements; Social prompting; Human resource management},
	correspondence_address = {T. Davies; Symbolic Systems Program, Stanford University, Stanford, 94305, United States; email: davies@stanford.edu},
	publisher = {Springer London},
	issn = {09515666},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {AI Soc.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Mazlan2018743,
	author = {Mazlan, Nurulhasanah and Syed Ahmad, Sharifah Sakinah and Kamalrudin, Massila},
	title = {Volunteer selection based on crowdsourcing approach},
	year = {2018},
	journal = {Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing},
	volume = {9},
	number = {3},
	pages = {743 – 753},
	doi = {10.1007/s12652-017-0490-8},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85048297660&doi=10.1007%2fs12652-017-0490-8&partnerID=40&md5=59a693adfb5f1727d2eab25704416c28},
	affiliations = {Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Melaka, Malaysia},
	abstract = {Voluntary work is important today’s world. There are various versions of the volunteer management system referenced in industry resources. Several organizations have developed volunteer management systems designed to incorporate spontaneous volunteers. However, it can be difficult to find and recruit suitable volunteers for volunteer organizations because the volunteers have many criteria to match with tasks. Also, we still have lacking information on the process of crowdsourcing in volunteering perspective. This paper, we conduct a review of volunteering management systems and crowdsourcing approach. Based on the insights derived from this analysis, we identify some issues for future research. To solve this problem, we designed a framework for the crowdsourcing approach in volunteering system to automate the process of selection volunteers and match with the criteria of volunteers and tasks. Crowdsourcing is one of the best approaches to get more information and faster from the crowd and to be more precise with the requirement from beneficiaries. Fuzzy systems are suitable for such decision-making environments. The implications of the findings for volunteering system are discussed, and future research directions suggested. © 2017, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.},
	author_keywords = {Crowdsourcing; Fuzzy system; Selection volunteer; Volunteering management; Volunteering matching; Volunteering system},
	keywords = {Decision making; Fuzzy systems; Future research directions; Industry resources; Management systems; Selection based; Selection volunteer; Voluntary works; Volunteering matching; Volunteering system; Crowdsourcing},
	correspondence_address = {N. Mazlan; Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Melaka, Malaysia; email: nurulhasanah@student.utem.edu.my},
	publisher = {Springer Verlag},
	issn = {18685137},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Ambient Intell. Humanized Comput.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 17}
}

@ARTICLE{Moczek2021,
	author = {Moczek, Nicola and Nuss, Matthias and Köhler, Jana Katharina},
	title = {Volunteering in the citizen science project “insects of saxony”—the larger the island of knowledge, the longer the bank of questions},
	year = {2021},
	journal = {Insects},
	volume = {12},
	number = {3},
	doi = {10.3390/insects12030262},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85103592398&doi=10.3390%2finsects12030262&partnerID=40&md5=4b75b50e18117e084798f525f87b4b81},
	affiliations = {PSY: PLAN Institute for Architectural and Environmental Psychology, Berlin, 10245, Germany; Museum für Naturkunde, Programme Society and Nature, Berlin, 10115, Germany; Senckenberg Natural History Collections Dresden, Museum of Zoology, Lepitoptera Section, Dresden, 01109, Germany; Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, 1010, Austria},
	abstract = {In a cross-sectional survey study (N = 116), volunteers of the project Insects of Saxony were asked about their current and past volunteering activities, their motivations, their rating of organisational offers, their knowledge, their satisfaction with the project and their personal contribution, and their intended future involvement. Participants in the study were mostly male, well-educated, over 50 years old, and had been volunteering in biodiversity projects for a long time. They were driven by both pro-social (altruistic) and self-serving (egoistic) motivations, but rated the pro-social functions as more important for their engagement. Communication and feedback were rated the most important organisational offers. Participants also reported a knowledge increase during project participation. While the volunteers were satisfied with the overall project, they were significantly less content with their own contribution. Results from the survey were followed up with a group discussion (N = 60). The anecdotes revealed the participants’ regret of not having more time for their hobby, and they emphasised the challenges that arise from the different scientific approaches of the various disciplines. Most participants indicated that they want to continue their volunteering. Implications for measuring motivations in citizen science projects and for volunteer management are discussed. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},
	author_keywords = {Citizen science; Motivations; Organisational framework; Participant demographics; Social psychology; Volunteer management},
	correspondence_address = {N. Moczek; PSY: PLAN Institute for Architectural and Environmental Psychology, Berlin, 10245, Germany; email: moczek@psyplan.de; N. Moczek; Museum für Naturkunde, Programme Society and Nature, Berlin, 10115, Germany; email: moczek@psyplan.de},
	publisher = {MDPI AG},
	issn = {20754450},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Insects},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 11; All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Duggleby2020,
	author = {Duggleby, Wendy and Pesut, Barbara and Warner, Grace and Nekolaichuk, Cheryl and Hallstrom, Lars K and Elliott, Brittany and Swindle, Jennifer and Ghosh, Sunita},
	title = {Sustainability of a rural volunteer program (Nav-CARE): a case study},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {Rural and Remote Health},
	volume = {20},
	number = {4},
	doi = {10.22605/RRH6112},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85092754354&doi=10.22605%2fRRH6112&partnerID=40&md5=812e9c9c502764c078e1589299b02545},
	affiliations = {Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta Level 3, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, 11405 87 Avenue, Edmonton, T6G 1C9, Alberta, Canada; School of Nursing, University of British Columbia Okanagan, 157 Research Way, Kelowna, V2Y 1Y1, BC, Canada; School of Occupational Therapy, Dalhousie University, Halifax, B3H 4R2, Nova Scotia, Canada; Division of Palliative Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, c/o Palliative Institute, 404 Health Services Centre, 1090 Youville Drive West, Edmonton, T6L 0A3, Alberta, Canada; Department of Political Studies (Augustana Faculty) and Department of Resource Economics and Environmental Sociology, University of Alberta, Alberta, T4V 2R3, Canada; Alberta Health Services–Cancer Control Alberta; and Department of Medical Oncology and Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Alberta, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, T6G 1Z2, Alberta, Canada},
	abstract = {Introduction: Nav-CARE (Navigation: Connecting, Accessing, Resourcing and Engaging) is an evidence-based program that was implemented over 1 year in a rural community in western Canada. Nav-CARE uses volunteers who are trained in navigation to facilitate access to resources and provide social support to older persons living in the community with serious illness such as cancer, congestive heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Following implementation in which Nav-CARE was found to be feasible, acceptable and have positive outcomes, Nav-CARE was integrated into the local community-based hospice society program. Two years after a successful implementation, it continued to be sustainable in this same rural community. The purpose of this study was to explore the key factors that facilitated the sustainability of Nav-CARE in a rural hospice society. Methods: A qualitative single case study design was used with data from several sources collected at different times: (a) preimplementation, (b) Nav-CARE program implementation (1-year time period), (c) immediately after implementation and (d) 6 months to 2 years after implementation). Data included individual interviews with community stakeholders (n=9), the study volunteer coordinator (n=1), hospice society coordinator (n=1) and Nav-CARE volunteers (n=9). It also included meeting notes of volunteer debriefing sessions and meetings with stakeholders planning for sustainability of Nav-CARE that were held during the 1-year implementation. Data were organized using the i-PARIHS (integrated Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services) framework (a well known implementation framework). Data were analyzed using Yin’s qualitative case study approach. Results: The findings from this case study suggested that key factors in facilitating sustainability of a rural community intervention (Nav-CARE) were the organizational context (inner context) and facilitation (facilitator and facilitation processes). Additionally, the inner context included the fit of Nav-CARE with the organization’s priorities, the absorptive capacity of the organization, and organizational structure and mechanisms to integrate Nav-CARE into current programs. The hospice society was well established and supported by the rural community. The role of the facilitator and the planned facilitation processes (training of volunteer navigators, ongoing support and planning events) were key factors in the sustainability of the Nav-CARE program. The findings found that the formal role of the facilitator in the implementation and sustainability of Nav-CARE in this rural community required skills and knowledge, as well as ongoing mentorship. As well, the facilitation process for Nav-CARE included formal sustainability planning meetings involving stakeholders. Conclusion: Using the i-PARIHS framework and a case study approach, key factors for facilitating sustainability were identified. The role of the facilitator, the facilitation processes and the characteristics of the organizational context were important for the sustainability of Nav-CARE. Future research is needed to understand how to assess and enhance an organization’s sustainability capacity and the impact of additional facilitator training and mentoring. This study provides a foundation for future research and adds to the discussion of the issue of sustainability of evidence-based interventions in rural community settings. © 2020, Rural and Remote Health. All Rights Reserved.},
	author_keywords = {Canada; case study; community program; i-PARIHS; older persons; quality of life; sustainability},
	keywords = {Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Canada; Humans; Program Evaluation; Qualitative Research; Rural Population; Social Support; Volunteers; aged; Canada; human; program evaluation; qualitative research; rural population; social support; very elderly; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {W. Duggleby; Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta Level 3, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, Edmonton, 11405 87 Avenue, T6G 1C9, Canada; email: wendy.duggleby@ualberta.ca},
	publisher = {James Cook University},
	issn = {14456354},
	pmid = {33035426},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Rural Remote Health},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 7; All Open Access, Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Lee2019208,
	author = {Lee, Young-joo},
	title = {Variations in Volunteer Use among Human Service Organizations in the USA},
	year = {2019},
	journal = {Voluntas},
	volume = {30},
	number = {1},
	pages = {208 – 221},
	doi = {10.1007/s11266-018-9969-y},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85042588471&doi=10.1007%2fs11266-018-9969-y&partnerID=40&md5=b6a522a7c81b3761fc42862e032f555c},
	affiliations = {The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd. GR 31, Richardson, 75083, TX, United States},
	abstract = {Knowledge of volunteering and volunteer management requires understanding from both individual and organizational perspectives. However, most existing research focuses on individual volunteers and the supply side of volunteering, leaving the demand side substantially understudied. The present study examines the organizational perspective of volunteering, focusing on the differences in volunteer use among nonprofit organizations. In particular, this study tests how various organizational characteristics predict the size of the volunteer program in human service organizations in the USA. The results show that, controlling for revenue and employment size, the size of volunteer program is negatively associated with the proportion of business income, while it is not significantly associated with the proportion of charitable contributions and grants. This finding provides supports for the concerns that increasing commercialization of nonprofit organizations will weaken the role of volunteers in human service delivery. The results also reveal that the extent of volunteer use is positively associated with the culture of good governance within the organization as well as organizational involvement in political activities. © 2018, International Society for Third-Sector Research and The Johns Hopkins University.},
	author_keywords = {Demand for volunteers; Human service organizations; Volunteer programs},
	keywords = {United States; commercialization; governance approach; management practice; nonprofit organization; organizational framework; participatory approach; service provision},
	correspondence_address = {Y.-J. Lee; The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, 800 West Campbell Rd. GR 31, 75083, United States; email: ylee@utdallas.edu},
	publisher = {Springer New York LLC},
	issn = {09578765},
	coden = {VOLUE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Voluntas},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 14}
}

@ARTICLE{Valaitis2020,
	author = {Valaitis, Ruta and Cleghorn, Laura and Dolovich, Lisa and Agarwal, Gina and Gaber, Jessica and Mangin, Derelie and Oliver, Doug and Parascandalo, Fiona and Ploeg, Jenny and Risdon, Cathy},
	title = {Examining Interprofessional teams structures and processes in the implementation of a primary care intervention (Health TAPESTRY) for older adults using normalization process theory},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {BMC Family Practice},
	volume = {21},
	number = {1},
	doi = {10.1186/s12875-020-01131-y},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85083477409&doi=10.1186%2fs12875-020-01131-y&partnerID=40&md5=2213be820fc4da89cbdb7aae9596ddd1},
	affiliations = {Aging Community and Health Research Unit, School of Nursing, McMaster University, McMaster University HSC 3N25, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, L8S4K1, ON, Canada; Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, David Braley Health Sciences Centre, 100 Main Street West, 5th floor, Hamilton, L8P 1H6, ON, Canada},
	abstract = {Background: Many countries are engaged in primary care reforms to support older adults who are living longer in the community. Health Teams Advancing Patient Experience: Strengthening Quality [Health TAPESTRY] is a primary care intervention aimed at supporting older adults that involves trained volunteers, interprofessional teams, technology, and system navigation. This paper examines implementation of Health TAPESTRY in relation to interprofessional teamwork including volunteers. Methods: This study applied Normalization Process Theory (NPT) and used a descriptive qualitative approach [1] embedded in a mixed-methods, pragmatic randomized controlled trial. It was situated in two primary care practice sites in a large urban setting in Ontario, Canada. Focus groups and interviews were conducted with primary care providers, clinical managers, administrative assistants, volunteers, and a volunteer coordinator. Data was collected at 4 months (June-July 2015) and 12 months (February-March 2016) after intervention start-up. Patients were interviewed at the end of the six-month intervention. Field notes were taken at weekly huddle meetings. Results: Overall, 84 participants were included in 17 focus groups and 13 interviews; 24 field notes were collected. Themes were organized under four NPT constructs of implementation: 1) Coherence-(making sense/understanding of the program's purpose/value) generating comprehensive assessments of older adults; strengthening health promotion, disease prevention, and self-management; enhancing patient-focused care; strengthening interprofessional care delivery; improving coordination of health and community services. 2) Cognitive Participation-(enrolment/buy-in) tackling new ways of working; attaining role clarity. 3) Collective Action-(enactment/operationalizing) changing team processes; reconfiguring resources. 4) Reflective Monitoring-(appraisal) improving teamwork and collaboration; reconfiguring roles and processes. Conclusions: This study contributes key strategies for effective implementation of interventions involving interprofessional primary care teams. Findings indicate that regular communication among all team members, the development of procedures and/or protocols to support team processes, and ongoing review and feedback are critical to implementation of innovations involving primary care teams. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, no. NCT02283723 November 5, 2014. Prospectively registered. © 2020 The Author(s).},
	author_keywords = {Implementation; Interprofessional team; Normalization process theory; Older adults; Primary care; Volunteers},
	keywords = {Aged; Community Networks; Female; Geriatric Assessment; Health Promotion; Humans; Implementation Science; Independent Living; Male; Ontario; Patient Care Team; Preventive Health Services; Primary Health Care; Program Evaluation; Psychosocial Intervention; Quality Improvement; Urban Health Services; aged; community care; controlled study; female; geriatric assessment; health promotion; health service; human; independent living; male; Ontario; organization and management; patient care; preventive health service; primary health care; procedures; program evaluation; randomized controlled trial; total quality management},
	correspondence_address = {R. Valaitis; Aging Community and Health Research Unit, School of Nursing, McMaster University, Hamilton, McMaster University HSC 3N25, 1280 Main Street West, L8S4K1, Canada; email: valaitis@mcmaster.ca},
	publisher = {BioMed Central Ltd.},
	issn = {14712296},
	pmid = {32295524},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {BMC Fam. Pract.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 17}
}

@ARTICLE{Allen202149,
	author = {Allen, Joseph A. and Prange, Kelly},
	title = {Another Meeting Just Might Do It!: Enhancing Volunteer Engagement Using Effective Meetings},
	year = {2021},
	journal = {Human Service Organizations Management, Leadership and Governance},
	volume = {45},
	number = {1},
	pages = {49 – 65},
	doi = {10.1080/23303131.2020.1823545},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85091180296&doi=10.1080%2f23303131.2020.1823545&partnerID=40&md5=a38169372bd31a98d80dfce4e9abccc0},
	affiliations = {Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States; Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, United States},
	abstract = {Volunteers are an essential part of the economy and impact our communities by helping nonprofit organizations provide services to those in need. Finding practical strategies to facilitate engagement within volunteer workforces is one way to address how nonprofit organizations can retain their volunteers. We hypothesize that meetings between volunteers and organizational members (e.g., volunteer resource manager) are an avenue through which exchange relationships between organizations and their volunteers may be generated and strengthened, thereby influencing volunteer engagement. Results suggest high-quality meetings positively influence volunteer engagement and voice. Practical suggestions for human service managers are offered. © 2020 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.},
	author_keywords = {engagement; meetings; social exchange theory; Volunteer management},
	keywords = {adult; article; human; manager; organization; voice},
	correspondence_address = {J.A. Allen; Salt Lake City, 391 Chipetta Way, Suite C, 84108, United States; email: joseph.a.allen@utah.edu},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {23303131},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Hum. Serv. Organ. Manag. leadersh. gov.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 2}
}

@ARTICLE{Cerdá Suárez2020,
	author = {Cerdá Suárez, Luis Manuel and Valero Matas, Jesús Alberto and Jaramillo Cardona, Martha Cecilia and Ramírez Ramirez, Margarita},
	title = {Managing Cross-Border Conflicts Through Volunteer Commitment: A Comparative Study Between Religious and Non-profit Organizations in the San Diego–Tijuana Area},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {Frontiers in Psychology},
	volume = {10},
	doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02978},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85079498085&doi=10.3389%2ffpsyg.2019.02978&partnerID=40&md5=4e386725ebb7722d3e0bfd5e0fc98851},
	affiliations = {Faculty of Business and Communication, International University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain; Department of Sociology and Social Work, University of Valladolid, Palencia, Spain; Faculty of Economics and International Relations, Autonomous University of Baja California, Tijuana, Mexico; Faculty of Accounting and Administration, Autonomous University of Baja California, Tijuana, Mexico},
	abstract = {San Diego and Tijuana configure two big cities that have faced each other across the international boundary between United States and Mexico for over 180 years. Within this context, the relationship emerging at the border can be characterized under different categories of individual, social, economic, and political situations connecting each side. Additionally, in recent years, the literature on cross-border conflicts has extensively focused on volunteers as informal agents helping children and other groups of population, but relatively little research has addressed the practical and managerial work and implications of the volunteers themselves. As actors of cross-border communities, volunteers play a relevant role in effective short-term migrants’ settlement, but it is also observed that the profile of volunteers in religious organizations differs from those belonging to non-profit institutions. Grounded on the theories of Planned Behavior and Reasoned Action suggesting that intentions to cooperate with non-government institutions are influenced directly by attitudinal values and indirectly by their beliefs related to social conflicts, this paper analyzes the nature of volunteer commitment in religious and non-profit organizations (NPOs) providing information about managerial practices for newly arrived migrants. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the relevance of volunteer commitment as an instrument for managing cross-border conflicts in the particular context of San Diego and Tijuana Area. Based on research using interview data collected from beneficiaries by volunteers, institutional representatives, and documentary references, this manuscript highlights a psychological and individual-centric perspective of volunteer commitment, but it also explores a collective communicative action expanding the range of relevant voices in decisions about volunteering. Moreover, this study provides new insights into how organizational and relational elements impact sustainable volunteer management and points out the role played by attitudes toward non-government institutions such as religious and NPOs demonstrating the relevance of volunteer commitment, transforming part of the positive attitude toward social problems into a significant intention to cooperation. Understanding the importance of the organization’s images in order to attract volunteers, these results show that commitment may become a key determinant of the volunteers’ identity linked to strategies devoted to organizational activities. © Copyright © 2020 Cerdá Suárez, Valero Matas, Jaramillo Cardona and Ramírez Ramirez.},
	author_keywords = {cross-border conflict; diversity management; immigration; metropolitan area; non-profit organizations; religious organizations; volunteer commitment},
	correspondence_address = {L.M. Cerdá Suárez; Faculty of Business and Communication, International University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain; email: luis.cerda@unir.net},
	publisher = {Frontiers Media S.A.},
	issn = {16641078},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Front. Psychol.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0; All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Zayas-Cabán20202268,
	author = {Zayas-Cabán, Gabriel and Lodree, Emmett J. and Kaufman, David L.},
	title = {Optimal Control of Parallel Queues for Managing Volunteer Convergence},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {Production and Operations Management},
	volume = {29},
	number = {10},
	pages = {2268 – 2288},
	doi = {10.1111/poms.13224},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85087376775&doi=10.1111%2fpoms.13224&partnerID=40&md5=782674ce5b10be04674e433ffc21b1ba},
	affiliations = {Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, 53706, WI, United States; Culverhouse College of Business, University of Alabama–Tuscaloosa, Tuscaloosa, 35487, AL, United States; College of Business, University of Michigan–Dearborn, Dearborn, 14853, MI, United States},
	abstract = {Volunteer convergence refers to the influx of volunteers to affected areas after large-scale disasters. There are not only many benefits to volunteer convergence, but it also creates significant logistical challenges that can impede relief efforts. This study examines polices for admitting volunteers into organized relief operations, and for assigning admitted volunteers to relief tasks. We represent this problem as a queueing system where, in addition to customer arrivals and departures, random server arrivals and abandonments are also present. Then, using a Markov decision process framework, we analyze server admission and assignment policies that seek to minimize relief tasks holding costs as well as volunteer holding and rejection costs. We show that the classic cμ rule, a server allocation policy that determines where to put servers based on relief tasks holding costs and processing requirements, is optimal under both collaborative and non-collaborative service regimes and when batch server arrivals are allowed. Additionally, we find that the optimal server admission policy is a complex state-dependent policy. As a result, we propose a class of admission heuristics that depend on the number of workers in the system and the remaining system workload. In a numerical study, we show that our heuristic policies perform well with respect to long-run average costs, waiting times, number of volunteers in the system, and number of volunteers idling in the system over a range of parameter values and distributions that are based on real data from a case study. As such, they promise volunteer coordinators an effective and simple way to manage disaster volunteers. © 2020 Production and Operations Management Society},
	author_keywords = {humanitarian logistics; Markov decision process; queueing; simulation; volunteer scheduling},
	correspondence_address = {E.J. Lodree; Culverhouse College of Business, University of Alabama–Tuscaloosa, Tuscaloosa, 35487, United States; email: ejlodree@cba.ua.edu},
	publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell},
	issn = {10591478},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Prod. Oper. Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 19; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Brudney201969,
	author = {Brudney, Jeffrey L. and Meijs, Lucas C. P. M. and van Overbeeke, Philine S. M.},
	title = {More is less? The volunteer stewardship framework and models},
	year = {2019},
	journal = {Nonprofit Management and Leadership},
	volume = {30},
	number = {1},
	pages = {69 – 87},
	doi = {10.1002/nml.21358},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85063777213&doi=10.1002%2fnml.21358&partnerID=40&md5=798681727e220f28fe20ecdfd18c4016},
	affiliations = {University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, United States; Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands},
	abstract = {Scholars have devoted substantial attention to developing conditional models of volunteer administration and management, but no consensus surrounds the criteria underlying the different models or the rationale. The literature reveals a welter of possibilities but no clear choice. This study conceives the primary managerial challenges as securing access to and guiding volunteer energy into productive volunteering, and the volunteer administrator as the central actor in this process. Based on how volunteers are accessed and guided in their roles, we develop the Volunteer Stewardship Framework, which distinguishes volunteer administration according to two key dimensions: organizational access to volunteer energy (private resource vs. common pool) and guidance of volunteers (unitary vs. shared). Results of a survey of volunteer administration practitioners in the Netherlands show that respondents working under the four models emanating from the Framework recognize different elements of volunteer administration as “Very Important.”. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
	author_keywords = {corporate volunteering; third-party model; volunteer center; volunteer management; volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {P.S.M. van Overbeeke; Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands; email: vanoverbeeke@rsm.nl},
	publisher = {Jossey-Bass Inc., Publishers},
	issn = {10486682},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Manage. Leadersh.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 34; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Shah20209,
	author = {Shah, Meera and Ho, Jordan and Zhong, Adrina and Fung, Matthew and Elia, Mario and Dang, Janet and Freeman, Thomas R.},
	title = {In a Time of Need: A Grassroots Initiative in Response to PPE Shortage in the COVID-19 Pandemic},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {Healthcare quarterly (Toronto, Ont.)},
	volume = {23},
	number = {2},
	pages = {9 – 15},
	doi = {10.12927/hcq.2020.26282},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85089301776&doi=10.12927%2fhcq.2020.26282&partnerID=40&md5=d8888731621474f647fcfa2c5e7353e9},
	affiliations = {third-year medical student at the Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry in London, ON; family physician in London and an adjunct professor of family medicine for the Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry in London, ON; primary care supporting the London-Middlesex Primary Care Alliance and Western Ontario Health at the Thames Valley Family Health Team in London ,ON. She can be reached by e-mail at; retired family physician and professor emeritus of family medicine at the Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry in London, ON. He can be reached by e-mail at or by phone at 519-661-2111 ext. 22077},
	abstract = {Setting: Primary care is the first line of defence in healthcare, particularly during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In the London-Middlesex region of Ontario, a critical shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE) was identified among primary care physicians (PCPs). Intervention: With the help of the London-Middlesex Primary Care Alliance, volunteer administrators, physicians and medical students coordinated the acquisition and redistribution of community-donated PPE to PCPs across London-Middlesex. Our scope evolved to include PPE reusability and stewardship and PCP wellness. Outcome: Beginning on March 16, 2020, our initial four-week operation provided PPE to over 200 PCPs. We received 60 donations, including over 118,000 gloves, 13,700 masks, 700 wellness kits and reusable cloth masks and gowns. Each delivery included educational pamphlets, and our online PPE stewardship session was attended by over 30 physicians. Implications: In response to the PPE shortage in COVID-19, our efforts evolved into a complex adaptive system, supported by an organizational body with a pre-existing communication infrastructure, to great success. Our scope extended beyond simple PPE provision to PCPs. Furthermore, our initiative established a framework for a centralized response to PPE shortage in Ontario Health West. Copyright © 2020 Longwoods Publishing.},
	keywords = {Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; Humans; Ontario; Pandemics; Personal Protective Equipment; Physicians, Primary Care; Pneumonia, Viral; Students, Medical; Volunteers; Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus infection; general practitioner; human; medical student; Ontario; pandemic; protective equipment; virus pneumonia; volunteer},
	publisher = {NLM (Medline)},
	issn = {17102774},
	pmid = {32762813},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Healthc Q},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 10}
}

@ARTICLE{Arts2020,
	author = {Arts, Koen and Melero, Yolanda and Webster, Gemma and Sharma, Nirwan and Tintarev, Nava and Tait, Elizabeth and Mellish, Christopher and Sripada, Somayajulu and MacMaster, Ann-Marie and Sutherland, Hollie and Horrill, Chris and Lambin, Xavier and van der Wal, René},
	title = {On the merits and pitfalls of introducing a digital platform to aid conservation management: Volunteer data submission and the mediating role of volunteer coordinators},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {Journal of Environmental Management},
	volume = {265},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110497},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85082771640&doi=10.1016%2fj.jenvman.2020.110497&partnerID=40&md5=d441f6a2e19729767f7c9d241ab2ee1e},
	affiliations = {Forest and Nature Conservation Policy Group (FNP), Wageningen University and Research (WUR), Building, room: 101 (Gaia), B303. PO Box 47, AA Wageningen, 6700, Netherlands; dot.rural, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 5UA, United Kingdom; School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Harborne Building, Reading, RG6 6AS, Berkshire, United Kingdom; CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallés, 08193, Spain; School of Computing, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Web Information Systems, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5031, GA Delft, 2600, Netherlands; Business IT and Logistics, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne VIC, 3001, Australia; School of Natural and Computing Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; Rivers and Fisheries Trusts of Scotland (RAFTS), Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States; School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; Aberdeen Centre for Environmental Sustainability, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, United Kingdom; Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7044, Uppsala, 756 51, Sweden},
	abstract = {Against a backdrop of accelerating digital innovation in nature conservation and environmental management, a real-world experiment was conducted with the research aims of assessing: 1) the effects of introducing a digital data-entry platform on volunteer data submission; and 2) the extent to which coordinators influence digital platform use by their volunteers. We focussed on a large-scale volunteer-based initiative aimed at eradicating the non-native American mink (Neovison vison) from northern Scotland. This geographically dispersed conservation initiative adopted a digital platform that allowed volunteers to submit records to a central database. We found that the platform had a direct and positive effect on volunteer data submission behaviour, increasing both the number and frequency of submissions. However, our analysis revealed striking differences in coordinator engagement with the platform, which in turn influenced the engagement of volunteers with this centrally introduced digital innovation. As a consequence, the intended organisation-wide rolling out of a digital platform translated into a diversely-implemented innovation, limiting the efficacy of the tool and revealing key challenges for digital innovation in geographically-dispersed conservation initiatives. © 2020},
	author_keywords = {Environmental citizen science; Human-computer interaction; Invasive species control; Technological innovation; Volunteer coordination; Volunteer-based management},
	keywords = {Humans; Scotland; Volunteers; Mustela vison; Conservation; Distributed computer systems; Human computer interaction; Citizen science; Conservation management; Data submission; Digital innovations; Digital platforms; Environmental citizen science; Invasive species controls; Technological innovation; Volunteer coordination; Volunteer-based management; adult; article; citizen science; environmental management; environmental protection; human; human computer interaction; invasive species; Neovison vison; nonhuman; Scotland; volunteer; Environmental management},
	correspondence_address = {K. Arts; Forest and Nature Conservation Policy Group (FNP), Wageningen University and Research (WUR), AA Wageningen, Building, room: 101 (Gaia), B303. PO Box 47, 6700, Netherlands; email: koen.arts@wur.nl},
	publisher = {Academic Press},
	issn = {03014797},
	coden = {JEVMA},
	pmid = {32292169},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Environ. Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 12; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{AbuJarour2019874,
	author = {AbuJarour, Safa’a and Wiesche, Manuel and Andrade, Antonio Díaz and Fedorowicz, Jane and Krasnova, Hanna and Olbrich, Sebastian and Tan, Chee-Wee and Urquhart, Cathy and Venkatesh, Viswanath},
	title = {ICT-enabled refugee integration: A research agenda},
	year = {2019},
	journal = {Communications of the Association for Information Systems},
	volume = {44},
	number = {1},
	pages = {874 – 891},
	doi = {10.17705/1CAIS.04440},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85073717357&doi=10.17705%2f1CAIS.04440&partnerID=40&md5=dbf10a3d94b26b337fbd77e68e43ba5b},
	affiliations = {The department of Business Information Systems, University of Potsdam, Weizenbaum Institute for the Networked Society, Germany; Technische Universität München (TUM), Munich, Germany; The Business Information Systems Department, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand; Information and Process Management, Bentley University, United States; University of Potsdam, Weizenbaum Institute for the Networked Society, Berlin, Germany; The European Business School (EBS), Östrich-Winkel, Germany; The Department of IT Management, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark; Operations, Technology, Events and Hospitality Management, The Business School, Manchester Metropolitan University, United Kingdom; The Walton College of Business, University of Arkansas, United States},
	abstract = {The recent phenomenon that has become known as the European refugee crisis is, in reality, a global problem. Accordingly, issues regarding refugee integration have become a central debate topic worldwide. In this paper, we examine how refugees use information and communication technology (ICT) in different regions across the world to understand how ICT supports their desperate journey to safety, their stay in temporary settlement camps, and their post-settlement inclusion in host countries. We conducted a series of interviews with Syrian refugees in Berlin, Germany, to collect preliminary insights. Then, we organized panel discussions at two key information systems conferences (ICIS 2016 and ECIS 2017) that involved participants from various countries. The panel discussions revealed seven key research themes: accessibility to information, availability of education and linguistic resources, admissibility to labor markets and entrepreneurship opportunities, communicability with home country, connectedness with local population, interactivity with host government, and volunteer coordination. We discuss how ICT might help to address issues related to each theme, present research questions relevant to each theme, and supply an illustration of how ICT has been employed to address an aspect of each theme. Insights gathered lead to theoretical implications and future opportunities for research in the information systems field, practical implications for different stakeholders interested in refugee integration to consider, and social implications related to refugee crisis that we cannot ignore. © 2019 by the Association for Information Systems.},
	author_keywords = {ICT; Integration; Refugees; Social inclusion},
	keywords = {Economic and social effects; Information systems; Integration; Accessibility to informations; Information and Communication Technologies; Linguistic resources; Local populations; Refugees; Research questions; Social implication; Social inclusion; Information use},
	correspondence_address = {S. AbuJarour; The department of Business Information Systems, University of Potsdam, Weizenbaum Institute for the Networked Society, Germany; email: safaa.abujarour@uni-potsdam.de},
	publisher = {Association for Information Systems},
	issn = {15293181},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Commun. Assoc. Info. Syst.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 47; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Schreiner2018241,
	author = {Schreiner, Emanuel and Trent, Sheridan B. and Prange, Kelly A. and Allen, Joseph A.},
	title = {Leading volunteers: Investigating volunteers' perceptions of leaders' behavior and gender},
	year = {2018},
	journal = {Nonprofit Management and Leadership},
	volume = {29},
	number = {2},
	pages = {241 – 260},
	doi = {10.1002/nml.21331},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85058509018&doi=10.1002%2fnml.21331&partnerID=40&md5=9a6c48ebca3873e2c685a61fcc3d0d83},
	affiliations = {Psychology Department, University of Nebraska at Omaha College of Arts and Sciences, Omaha, NE, United States},
	abstract = {Volunteer coordinators' leadership plays a central role in the efforts to retain volunteers and increase their commitment to an organization; however, research on volunteers' perceptions of their leaders is scarce. Given the challenges of leading volunteers, we present two studies to investigate the effectiveness of consideration and initiating structure for volunteer coordinators. First, we theorized and tested how well findings from the business and government sectors fit today's volunteer domain by studying volunteers' perceptions of their current coordinators' leadership. Using a sample of volunteers across the nonprofit sector, we found that consideration and initiating structure were related to different criteria. Initiating structure was positively related to volunteers' feelings of competence and to role clarity, while consideration was negatively related to burnout. Both leader behaviors were positively related to volunteers' satisfaction with their coordinator. In our second study, using a different sample of volunteers in nonprofit organizations, we employ a vignette study design to show how the gender of the coordinator influences the perception of his or her behavior. By manipulating the coordinators' gender via vignette descriptions, we found evidence of the communality-bonus effect for men as men coordinators' leadership effectiveness was rated higher than women coordinators' effectiveness when displaying gender stereotype incongruent consideration behaviors. On the other hand, there was no difference between leaders' genders regarding initiating structure. Volunteers' satisfaction with their coordinator did not differ significantly based on coordinators' gender. We share several practical and theoretical implications of these findings for leaders of volunteers. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
	author_keywords = {gender; leadership; volunteer coordinator; volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {E. Schreiner; Psychology Department, University of Nebraska at Omaha College of Arts and Sciences, Omaha, United States; email: emanuel.schreiner@kabelmail.de},
	publisher = {Jossey-Bass Inc., Publishers},
	issn = {10486682},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Manage. Leadersh.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 22}
}

@ARTICLE{Henderson201843,
	author = {Henderson, Alexander C. and Sowa, Jessica E.},
	title = {Retaining Critical Human Capital: Volunteer Firefighters in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania},
	year = {2018},
	journal = {Voluntas},
	volume = {29},
	number = {1},
	pages = {43 – 58},
	doi = {10.1007/s11266-017-9831-7},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85009781589&doi=10.1007%2fs11266-017-9831-7&partnerID=40&md5=db29214ae0cb9d0f94c673f81dddcfb3},
	affiliations = {Long Island University, Brookville, NY, United States; University of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, United States},
	abstract = {Effective delivery of services for the public good involves a multiplicity of organizations and actors, including those from the public, nonprofit, and private sectors. In some cases, service delivery is accomplished using programs that directly engage volunteers, including key public services like community-based and nonprofit volunteer fire departments. Volunteers in fire departments—often highly engaged volunteers with specialized training—provide vital services for a substantial portion of the United States, allowing local governments to realize considerable cost savings. Thus, issues of volunteer retention are a critical challenge for fire departments. Existing research has addressed issues of retention in a variety of settings; we argue that the challenging and particular context of fire departments is worthy of focused research. This article is an exploratory study of the predictors of voluntary firefighter retention in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. We use data from a web-based survey of volunteer firefighters to examine the factors that influence volunteer retention, focusing specifically on volunteer management practices and broader job-related concepts. Results indicate that volunteer training, performance management, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment influence both short- and mid-term intent to remain, indicating that management practices and programs, as well as other contextual factors that shape satisfaction and commitment, are important in retaining volunteers. © 2018, International Society for Third-Sector Research and The Johns Hopkins University.},
	author_keywords = {Fire departments; Public safety; Volunteer management; Volunteer retention},
	keywords = {Pennsylvania; United States; human capital; management practice; public goods; public service; safety},
	correspondence_address = {A.C. Henderson; Long Island University, Brookville, United States; email: alexander.henderson@liu.edu},
	publisher = {Springer New York LLC},
	issn = {09578765},
	coden = {VOLUE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Voluntas},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 31}
}

@ARTICLE{Olsen201868,
	author = {Olsen, Lana M. and Vogt, Christine and Andereck, Kathleen},
	title = {Sustaining the common good: tourism professional motives to volunteer for the tourism industry},
	year = {2018},
	journal = {Tourism Recreation Research},
	volume = {43},
	number = {1},
	pages = {68 – 81},
	doi = {10.1080/02508281.2017.1371474},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85029499457&doi=10.1080%2f02508281.2017.1371474&partnerID=40&md5=816123f62468dec420fbf7d4dcc41ced},
	affiliations = {School of Community Resources and Development, Center for Sustainable Tourism, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States},
	abstract = {Volunteer tourism research has studied individual motives to participating in development work overseas. There is, however, an absence of research examining what influences corporate individual employees to volunteer for tourism-related activities as representatives of their organisation within their own country. This paper investigates tourism professionals’ purpose(s) for engaging in tourism-centred volunteer tourism opportunities and, in addition, compares tourism professional motives with motives of volunteer tourists as reported in previous research. Purposive sampling techniques were employed to select individuals, and data were collected through 23 interviews with tourism professionals attending the 1–3 November 2015 Tourism Cares event in Williams, AZ, USA (a town near Grand Canyon National Park, USA). Tourism Cares is a non-profit tourism industry organisation supporting tourism industry education and community building. Results suggest tourism professionals’ motives to volunteer for the tourism industry are linked to the common good approach and the sustaining of the tourism product, which directly affects tourism professionals’ livelihood. This is a new volunteer tourist motive related to corporate or individual employees who volunteer for their own industry. Study implications can be beneficial for employee-volunteer management and business ethics, as well as its contribution to corporate social responsibility, sustainable tourism, and volunteer tourism research. © 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.},
	author_keywords = {common good approach; corporate and individual social responsibility; tourism cares; Volunteer motives; volunteer tourism},
	correspondence_address = {L.M. Olsen; School of Community Resources and Development, Center for Sustainable Tourism, Arizona State University, Phoenix, 411 N. Central Avenue, 85004, United States; email: lmolsen1@asu.edu},
	publisher = {Taylor and Francis Ltd.},
	issn = {02508281},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Tour. Recreat. Res.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 14}
}

@ARTICLE{Ghodsi2019954,
	author = {Ghodsi, Hasan and Sohrabizadeh, Sanaz and Jazani, Reza Khani and Kavousi, Amir},
	title = {Development and validation of the humanitarian aid workers resilience scale (HAWRS)},
	year = {2019},
	journal = {Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran},
	volume = {33},
	number = {1},
	pages = {954 – 959},
	doi = {10.34171/mjiri.33.155},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85084459424&doi=10.34171%2fmjiri.33.155&partnerID=40&md5=94b208343af3f2ce697b1734489624fd},
	affiliations = {Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran; Department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention research center, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Workplace Health Promotion Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran},
	abstract = {Background: Humanitarian aid workers experience various challenges in disasters, which affects their wellbeing. Being resilience can help volunteers to adapt to them. This study was conducted to develop and validate a resiliency questionnaire to evaluate the resilience of humanitarian aid workers in disasters. Methods: This study was conducted in 2 phases between Dec 2017 and Oct 2018. In the first phase for item generation, we used qualitative content analysis. Face-to-face semi-structured interviews with 18 humanitarian aid workers were used for data collection. In the second phase, by conducting a quantitative study, the psychometric properties of the scale including face, content and construct validities as well as internal and external reliabilities, were determined. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 19 and the significance level was set at less than 0.05. Results: Six main subjects were extracted from the first-stage data using content analysis. The final questionnaire included six factors and 31 items after validity and reliability criteria analysis. These six factors including organizational supports, individual factors, organizational planning, social support, teamwork and challenges of disaster scene included 52.19% of the variance. The internal consistency was confirmed as well (Cronbach's alpha = 0.814). Conclusion: This specific self-assessment questionnaire can be used for scoring the resilience of humanitarian aid workers in disasters. In the case of low resilience score of volunteers, managers should avoid sending them on missions and try to improve their resilience through educational programs. © 2019 Iran University of Medical Sciences.},
	author_keywords = {Disaster; Humanitarian aid workers; Resilience scale},
	correspondence_address = {S. Sohrabizadeh; Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention research center, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; email: sohrabizadeh@sbmu.ac.ir},
	publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences},
	issn = {10161430},
	coden = {MJIIE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Med. J. Islam. Repub. Iran},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 2}
}

@ARTICLE{O'Regan2019138,
	author = {O'Regan, Michael and Choe, Jaeyeon},
	title = {Managing a non-profit hospitality platform conversion: The case of Couchsurfing.com},
	year = {2019},
	journal = {Tourism Management Perspectives},
	volume = {30},
	pages = {138 – 146},
	doi = {10.1016/j.tmp.2019.02.018},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85062351941&doi=10.1016%2fj.tmp.2019.02.018&partnerID=40&md5=eeb42251b6c5f4949886b82d7994637b},
	affiliations = {Bournemouth University, Fern Barrow, Talbot Campus, Poole, Dorset, BH12 5BB, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {Couchsurfing (CS) was founded in 2003 as a non-profit for those interested in creating a common resource for world-wide hospitality exchange and low cost tourism. Built around a non-market communal sharing model, it became a for-profit in August 2011. Applying a discourse relational model approach, this study characterizes how competing discursive articulations over the conversion led to a discursive strategy of moral justification as management sought to retain its non-profit, alternative, democratic imaginary. The study finds that the justifications gained initial appeal, but ultimately lost credibility due to a mismanaged conversion. By articulating the competing discourses through the sacred value protection model (SVPM), this study provides insights into the way in which a management strategy can be interpreted at a micro-analysis level. It recommends that management decisions need to start from the activities of the organizations members, groups and networks so as to account for their emotions, motivations and actions. © 2019},
	author_keywords = {Communal sharing; Couchsurfing; Hospitality; Nonprofit; Relational model; Tourism; Volunteer management},
	correspondence_address = {M. O'Regan; Bournemouth University, Dorset, Fern Barrow, Talbot Campus, Poole, BH12 5BB, United Kingdom; email: moregan@bournemouthac.uk},
	publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},
	issn = {22119736},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Tour. Manage. Perspect.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 11; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Pompurová2018,
	author = {Pompurová, Kristína and Marčeková, Radka and Šebová, L'ubica and Sokolová, Jana and Žofaj, Matej},
	title = {Volunteer tourism as a sustainable form of tourism-The case of organized events},
	year = {2018},
	journal = {Sustainability (Switzerland)},
	volume = {10},
	number = {5},
	doi = {10.3390/su10051468},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85046657243&doi=10.3390%2fsu10051468&partnerID=40&md5=ecf41d76b66a39e26579f61b848969e2},
	affiliations = {Faculty of Economics, Matej Bel University, Tajovského 10, Banská Bystrica, 975 90, Slovakia},
	abstract = {This paper focuses on volunteer tourism as a sustainable form of tourism relating to the volunteer service at a tourism destination and specific tourism activities. The aim of the paper is to explore volunteer tourism in Slovakia with examples of organized events, especially to search exactly how event's organizers support the development of domestic and inbound volunteer tourism in Slovakia. This paper is based on a sociological survey. We addressed 653 heterogeneous event's organizers in Slovakia. 18% of them participated in the questionnaire survey. The collected data were processed by selected mathematical and statistical methods in SPSS statistics program. As such, we found most events organizers team up with volunteers. Only half of the organizers cooperate with local volunteers, while the second half also support the development of volunteer tourism engaging in voluntourism. In the case of attractive events, the engagement of voluntourists could be more effective. The current situation has resulted from missing information about the management of volunteers but it could be improved through an e-manual for event organizers providing an outline guide for volunteer management. © 2018 by the author.},
	author_keywords = {Event volunteering; Event's organizers; Volunteer tourism; Volunteers; Voluntourists},
	keywords = {Slovakia; ecotourism; questionnaire survey; tourism; tourism development; tourism management; tourist attraction; tourist destination; voluntary approach},
	correspondence_address = {R. Marčeková; Faculty of Economics, Matej Bel University, Banská Bystrica, Tajovského 10, 975 90, Slovakia; email: radka.marcekova@umb.sk},
	publisher = {MDPI},
	issn = {20711050},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Sustainability},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 21; All Open Access, Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Ertas2019741,
	author = {Ertas, Nevbahar},
	title = {Turnover Intentions of Volunteer Resource Managers: The Roles of Work Motivations, Person–Organization Fit, and Emotional Labor},
	year = {2019},
	journal = {International Journal of Public Administration},
	volume = {42},
	number = {9},
	pages = {741 – 752},
	doi = {10.1080/01900692.2018.1506935},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85052154691&doi=10.1080%2f01900692.2018.1506935&partnerID=40&md5=b2bc89c5228592da9cd83d68db50ef27},
	affiliations = {Department of Political Science and Public Administration, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States},
	abstract = {Volunteer management careers and the influence of workplace factors on volunteer manager turnover intentions have received relatively little attention in the empirical research literature. This study uses original survey data collected from over 400 volunteer managers to examine relationships between turnover intention and work motivation factors, person–organization fit (P-O fit), and emotional labor. Work motivation factors includes perceptions of advancement opportunities, task significance, autonomy, and pay satisfaction. P-O fit reflects the degree of congruence between an individual’s values and goals, and the characteristics of their workplace. Emotional labor reflects the degree to which employees are engaged in the management of emotions to adhere to the emotional expectations of their jobs. Results emphasize a lack of advancement opportunities as the primary driver of turnover, and P-O fit as a main factor for retention. In addition, the ability to regulate emotions was found to result in reduced quit intentions. © 2018, © 2018 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.},
	author_keywords = {emotional labor; person–organization fit (P-O fit); social exchange theory; turnover; turnover intention; Volunteer managers},
	correspondence_address = {N. Ertas; Department of Political Science and Public Administration, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, 35294, United States; email: nevbahar@uab.edu},
	publisher = {Taylor and Francis Inc.},
	issn = {01900692},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Int. J. Public Adm.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 10}
}

@ARTICLE{Salmani2019,
	author = {Salmani, Ibrahim and Seyedin, Hesam and Ardalan, Ali and Farajkhoda, Tahmineh},
	title = {Conceptual model of managing health care volunteers in disasters: A mixed method study},
	year = {2019},
	journal = {BMC Health Services Research},
	volume = {19},
	number = {1},
	doi = {10.1186/s12913-019-4073-6},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85064846090&doi=10.1186%2fs12913-019-4073-6&partnerID=40&md5=16d53a033880ac21fcfe68fb19ed9387},
	affiliations = {Department of Disasters and Emergency Health, Research Center of Accidents Prevention and Dealing with Disasters, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Department of Health in Emergencies and Disasters, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Disaster Public Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States; Reproductive Health, Research Center for Nursing and Midwifery Care, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran},
	abstract = {Background: Shortage of specialized healthcare volunteers is a major challenge during disasters and one solution could be pre-identified healthcare volunteers. This study aimed to develop a conceptual model of managing Iranian healthcare volunteers in disasters. Methods: This mixed method study was designed in two phases. A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews was conducted with 22 health professionals and key informant. The interviews were analyzed by framework analysis. In the second phase, concepts derived from the first step were evaluated in a two round Delphi study by an expert panel comprised of 42 experts. Results: Two themes and eight subthemes were identified based on the results of the first phase. The theme of background requirements included three sub-themes of laws and regulations, NGOs and socio-cultural factors. The second theme was called operational requirements which included six subthemes of preparedness, response, retention, relocation, terminating and follow-up. According to the results of the Delphi study, all of the concepts were confirmed. Conclusion: In addition to the need for supportive legal framework and building the culture of volunteering, it seems it is crucial to identify and prepare the health care volunteers in the preparedness phase and assign them appropriately in the response phase. Furthermore, the necessary measures should be prioritized to enhance volunteers' retention rate and motivation. Plans should also be implemented for volunteers' termination and volunteers' physical and mental health follow up after their mission. © 2019 The Author(s).},
	author_keywords = {Delivery of health care; Disaster; Disaster planning; Health staff; Hospital; Personnel administration; Personnel management; Qualitative research; Volunteer; Volunteer management},
	keywords = {Adult; Allied Health Personnel; Delphi Technique; Disaster Planning; Disasters; Female; Humans; Iran; Male; Middle Aged; Qualitative Research; Volunteers; adult; article; cultural factor; Delphi study; disaster planning; female; follow up; human; human experiment; male; mental health; motivation; personnel management; qualitative research; semi structured interview; volunteer; disaster; disaster planning; education; Iran; middle aged; organization and management; paramedical personnel; qualitative research; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {T. Farajkhoda; Reproductive Health, Research Center for Nursing and Midwifery Care, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; email: farajkhoda_t@yahoo.com},
	publisher = {BioMed Central Ltd.},
	issn = {14726963},
	pmid = {31014334},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {BMC Health Serv. Res.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 27; All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Kappelides20204,
	author = {Kappelides, Pam and Johnson, Tobi},
	title = {A Heavy Load: Challenges and Current Practices for Volunteer Managers in the USA, Australia, and Canada},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {Journal of Nonprofit and Public Sector Marketing},
	volume = {32},
	number = {1},
	pages = {4 – 24},
	doi = {10.1080/10495142.2019.1668329},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85073932914&doi=10.1080%2f10495142.2019.1668329&partnerID=40&md5=65568da53694b10616329a71c1b85942},
	affiliations = {Department of Management, Sport and Tourism, College of Arts, Social Sciences & Commerce, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia; VolunteerPro, Knoxville, TN, United States},
	abstract = {Volunteers make a significant contribution to the infrastructure of western societies, and volunteer managers or coordinators are the important conduit that ensures volunteers are managed and supported. This article addresses the key challenges faced by volunteer managers and coordinators in the USA, Australia, and Canada. The results were conducted in 2015–2018. A total of 5,268 responses were gathered over the 4 years of the survey. This research study has provided evidence that volunteer managers have several challenges in their roles and require the support of their nonprofit organization to manage volunteers. Volunteer managers need to have resources, time and support from management to manage their volunteers and thereby contributing to the function of their organizations. © 2019, © 2019 Taylor & Francis.},
	author_keywords = {Australia; Canada; challenges; United States of America; Volunteer management; volunteer managers},
	correspondence_address = {P. Kappelides; Department of Management, Sport and Tourism, College of Arts, Social Sciences & Commerce, La Trobe University, Kingsbury Drive, Bundoora, 3086, Australia; email: p.kappelides@latrobe.edu.au},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {10495142},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Nonprofit Public Sect. Mark.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 5}
}

@ARTICLE{Homan202068,
	author = {Homan, Dustin and Epley, Hannah K. and Bloir, Kirk L.},
	title = {Are volunteers competent in positive youth development? Perceptions from three stakeholder groups},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {Journal of Youth Development},
	volume = {15},
	number = {4},
	pages = {68 – 86},
	doi = {10.5195/jyd.2020.742},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85096622065&doi=10.5195%2fjyd.2020.742&partnerID=40&md5=05c950d55d40a9ffdda849af7f0fb59d},
	affiliations = {Ohio State University Extension, 4-H Youth Development},
	abstract = {Some youth organizations entrust adult volunteers with delivering programs and forging relationships with youth clientele. As a result, volunteers should be competent in certain knowledge, skills, and abilities that catalyze positive youth development processes to occur. This research expands upon the results of an initial study designed to address shortcomings of a volunteer competency framework. Our objective for this study was to assess and compare the discrepancies between importance and ability-to-perform ratings of adult volunteers across 6 competency areas from the Volunteer Research Knowledge Competency Taxonomy. Over 10,000 youth professionals, adult volunteers, and families of youth members responded to an online survey. Respondents rated the importance of, and volunteers’ performance in the 6 competency areas; they also provided input about the modalities they preferred for delivering training and resources. Performance means varied across the 3 groups: Volunteers’ overall performance means were the highest, followed by families, and then professionals. Mean weighted discrepancy scores were calculated to compare the importance and performance rankings across respondent groups. Based on the scores, future volunteer trainings and resources should be prioritized around the competency areas of organization, positive youth development, program management, and communication. Volunteers also preferred more self-directed approaches for future trainings. Results from this study suggest that the volunteer competency taxonomy is still a valid framework and affirms other youth worker competency frameworks. The results also help establish a baseline of data that can be used to see if future training interventions and resources are perceived as effective. © 2020 University Library System, University of Pittsburgh. All rights reserved.},
	author_keywords = {Competency; Performance; Training; Volunteer management},
	publisher = {University Library System, University of Pittsburgh},
	issn = {23254009},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Youth Dev.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 3; All Open Access, Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Martin2020,
	author = {Martin, Sarah Levin and Wood, James and Soule, Steven},
	title = {A volunteer program in maine to transport community members to health care appointments},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {Preventing Chronic Disease},
	volume = {17},
	doi = {10.5888/PCD17.200085},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85089301689&doi=10.5888%2fPCD17.200085&partnerID=40&md5=95f5a9589b9de6b811409c77f180a787},
	affiliations = {University of Maine at Farmington, Farmington, ME, United States; Kennebec Valley Community Action Program, Waterville, ME, United States},
	abstract = {Transportation to health care appointments is a well-known barrier for many people, especially people living in rural areas. At the Kennebec Valley Community Action Program (KVCAP), 1 of 8 regional transportation centers in Maine, a robust volunteer program consisting of 93 drivers complements a staff of 45 drivers and 23 office staff members. The volunteers drive approximately 5 to 40 hours per week and have served for an average 4.4 years (range, 1-26 y); their ages range from 23 to 88. The volunteer driver program consists of a volunteer coordinator who communicates with volunteers; staff members who schedule rides; a software application (app) that serves as an interface between the agency and the volunteers as they drive clients to and from medical and social service appointments; regular training; recognition events; and incentives. Most clients have no other transportation option and indicated in informal surveys conducted by KVCAP that they would not attend appointments if the volunteer program were not available. In rural settings, volunteer driving networks provide a viable model to help meet the transportation needs of the population. Recruitment and retention of volunteers is an ongoing effort. © 2020 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).},
	keywords = {Automobile Driving; Community Health Services; Health Services Accessibility; Humans; Maine; Rural Population; Transportation; Volunteers; adolescent; adult; article; child; human; infant; Maine; rural area; social work; software; staff; car driving; community care; health care delivery; Maine; organization and management; procedures; rural population; traffic and transport; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {S.L. Martin; Starks, 24 Abijah Hill Rd, 04911, United States; email: Sarah.Martin1@maine.edu},
	publisher = {Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)},
	issn = {15451151},
	pmid = {32762808},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Prev. Chronic Dis.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 3; All Open Access, Bronze Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Lu2022809,
	author = {Lu, Jiamin and Chan, Chung-Shing and Cheung, Joanna},
	title = {Characterizing and Shaping the Formation Process of Embodied Experience of Chinese Outbound Volunteer Tourists; [  志愿旅游者的具身体验研究:以中国出境志愿旅游者为例]},
	year = {2022},
	journal = {Journal of China Tourism Research},
	volume = {18},
	number = {4},
	pages = {809 – 830},
	doi = {10.1080/19388160.2021.1972069},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85113919757&doi=10.1080%2f19388160.2021.1972069&partnerID=40&md5=c493dad3d6400a62b5dfe7ef99c4502f},
	affiliations = {Department of Geography and Resource Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, N.T, Sha Tin, Hong Kong; Hospitality Discipline Planning Office, Vocational Training Council, Hong Kong},
	abstract = {Volunteer tourism has been increasingly developed as an experiential mode of alternative tourism option. Apart from the western sources of volunteer tourists, potential market from mainland China is gaining more academic and marketing attention, with its distinctive characteristics of volunteer spirit and embodied experience. This study presents a qualitative content analysis of the collection of online travel notes provided by Chinese volunteer tourists between January 2016 and June 2019. Based on the Embodiment Theory (ET), this study elucidates the characteristics and the formation process of the embodied volunteer tourist experience, especially the components during their stay in the destinations. The content-analyzed components were further verified by an Exploratory Factor Analysis to extract the determinants to the embodiment of volunteer experience. Confirmation Factor Analysis was then performed using a sample of 211 volunteer tourism participants to create a relational structure of the dimensions of volunteer tourist experience. These results shape and advances the theoretical understanding of the volunteer tourist experience by Chinese participants, and provide practical implications to the planning, organization, and management of volunteer tourism destinations. © 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.},
	author_keywords = {Chinese volunteer tourists; content analysis; embodied volunteer experience; embodiment theory; online travel notes; volunteer spirit; volunteerism},
	correspondence_address = {C.-S. Chan; Department of Geography and Resource Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, N.T, Hong Kong; email: ccs_johnson@cuhk.edu.hk},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {19388160},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. China Tour. Res.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 6}
}

@ARTICLE{Stone202163,
	author = {Stone, Jeremy T. and Waldman, Suzanne and Yumagulova, Lilia},
	title = {Filling the gaps: the potential and limitations of emergent, ICT-enabled organisation in disaster–a case study of the Cajun Army},
	year = {2021},
	journal = {Environmental Hazards},
	volume = {20},
	number = {1},
	pages = {63 – 77},
	doi = {10.1080/17477891.2019.1636758},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85068796222&doi=10.1080%2f17477891.2019.1636758&partnerID=40&md5=a3b6c657c9b5cb9324c40b16c09b4c60},
	affiliations = {Faculty of Environment, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada; Defence Research and Development Canada's Centre for Security Science, Ottawa, ON, Canada; School of Community and Regional Planning, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada},
	abstract = {Most recent research on unaffiliated volunteers in disasters has focused on coordination, integration, and management of labour itself. A less prominent line of research focuses on qualities emergent groups of unaffiliated volunteers can contribute to emergency response or recovery that official organisations may be less equipped to provide, including: organisational agility, flexible problem-solving, and early access to technological expertise and innovation, especially in the domain of information and communication technology (ICT). During recent hurricanes and floods in coastal Louisiana and Texas, groups such as the Cajun Navy utilised Zello–an agile variation of Short Message Service (SMS) that converts a cellphone into a universal walkie talkie–to coordinate emergency response and recovery for disaster victims. This paper analyses the emergence of the volunteer-based ‘Cajun Army’ and its bricoleur-like assemblage of ICT applications like Zello, Facebook, and other media to recruit and coordinate volunteers, manage the recovery needs of disaster victims, and deploy resources in the field. The Cajun Army case study serves as an example of how technological innovation is improvised by the emergent voluntary sector in the midst of crises and can be stabilised for repeated contributions to emergency management. © 2019 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada. Defence Research and Development Canada’s Centre for Security Science.},
	author_keywords = {collective intelligence; information and communication technology; innovation; Spontaneous volunteers},
	keywords = {Louisiana; Texas; United States; coastal zone; flood; hurricane; information and communication technology; innovation},
	correspondence_address = {J.T. Stone; Burnaby, 8888 University Dr, V5A 1S6, Canada; email: jtstone@sfu.ca},
	publisher = {Taylor and Francis Ltd.},
	issn = {17477891},
	coden = {ENHAF},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Environ. Hazards},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 8}
}

@ARTICLE{Einolf2018789,
	author = {Einolf, Christopher J. and Yung, Cheryl},
	title = {Super-Volunteers: Who Are They and How Do We Get One?},
	year = {2018},
	journal = {Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly},
	volume = {47},
	number = {4},
	pages = {789 – 812},
	doi = {10.1177/0899764018760400},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85043323839&doi=10.1177%2f0899764018760400&partnerID=40&md5=56dafdaeda8d6676b2311700a230b9dc},
	affiliations = {Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, United States; DePaul University, Chicago, IL, United States},
	abstract = {This article investigates super-volunteers, defined as individuals who volunteer 10 or more hours per week with a single organization. We conducted interviews with 25 super-volunteers to explore what motivates them to become super-volunteers and how they choose the organizations for which they volunteer. We also interviewed nine volunteer managers to explore the advantages and disadvantages of employing super-volunteers and what best practices they recommend for supervising them. Most super-volunteers in our sample were highly educated and had retired from careers that involved helping and supervising other people. Most decided on their own to pursue volunteering and then searched carefully for an appropriate organization. The super-volunteers chose nonprofits that they thought were effective, matched their values, and were willing to work with them to develop a meaningful and substantive volunteer position. Volunteer managers stated that super-volunteers brought great value to their agencies and had few disadvantages. However, managing super-volunteers did require more flexibility, time, and one-on-one attention than managing regular volunteers. © The Author(s) 2018.},
	author_keywords = {retirement; volunteer management; volunteering},
	correspondence_address = {C.J. Einolf; Center for Nonprofit and NGO Studies, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, 1425 W. Lincoln Highway, 60115, United States; email: ceinolf@niu.edu},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
	issn = {08997640},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Volunt. Sect. Q.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 25}
}

@ARTICLE{Wegner2020325,
	author = {Wegner, Christine E. and Baker, Bradley J. and Jones, Gareth J.},
	title = {Organizational identity development in sport volunteers},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {Journal of Sport Management},
	volume = {35},
	number = {4},
	pages = {325 – 337},
	doi = {10.1123/JSM.2020-0042},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85108875949&doi=10.1123%2fJSM.2020-0042&partnerID=40&md5=e367a5604219883446aca73fc113731e},
	affiliations = {University of Florida, United States; University of Massachusetts Amherst, United States; Temple University, United States; Department of Sport Management, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Mark H. McCormack Department of Sport Management, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States; School of Sport, Tourism and Hospitality Management, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States},
	abstract = {Volunteers provide essential services to community sport organizations; thus, it is important to understand the underlying factors in successful volunteer–organization relationships. Organizational identification, an integral component of relationship building for members in an organization, is a useful yet underutilized concept to understand how and why volunteers create lasting, deep relationships with sport organizations. This research utilizes a sequential mixed-method design to examine the evolution of organizational identification among volunteers in a community sport organization. The survey results indicate that new volunteers formed their organizational identification over the course of a single program season, such that, by the end of the season, they were similar to returners. Subsequent qualitative analysis of focus group data indicated that the content and evolution of organizational identities varied for newcomers and returners. These results provide important contributions related to the ongoing nature of identity work of volunteers and offer practical implications for volunteer management within community sport organizations. © 2021 Human Kinetics, Inc.},
	author_keywords = {Identity construction; Identity work; Organizational identification},
	correspondence_address = {C.E. Wegner; University of Florida, United States; email: christinewegner@ufl.edu},
	publisher = {Human Kinetics Publishers Inc.},
	issn = {08884773},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Sport Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 6}
}

@ARTICLE{Won2021240,
	author = {Won, Doyeon and Chiu, Weisheng and Bang, Hyejin and Bravo, Gonzalo A.},
	title = {Perceived organizational support on episodic volunteers' affective and behavioral outcomes: a case of the 2016 Rio Olympic Games},
	year = {2021},
	journal = {International Journal of Event and Festival Management},
	volume = {12},
	number = {2},
	pages = {240 – 258},
	doi = {10.1108/IJEFM-10-2020-0060},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85107387108&doi=10.1108%2fIJEFM-10-2020-0060&partnerID=40&md5=a5e8ddf769ed7423dde3ebbba6820c36},
	affiliations = {Texas AM University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX, United States; The Open University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong; Leadership and Professional Studies, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States; College of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States},
	abstract = {Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of perceived organizational support (POS) on the relationships between volunteer job satisfaction, attitude toward volunteering and continuance intention. Also, this study investigated the moderating role of volunteer age in the relationships between study variables. Design/methodology/approach: Participants were recruited from volunteers in the Rio 2016 Olympic Games and/or the Rio 2016 Paralympic Games (N = 4,824). Data were primarily analyzed using the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and multigroup analysis (PLS-MGA). Findings: Results of the PLS-SEM indicated that, firstly, POS had a positive and significant effect on continuance intention, attitude and job satisfaction. Moreover, the influence of job satisfaction on attitude was statistically significant. Paths from attitude and job satisfaction to continuance intention were statistically and positively significant. As a next step, PLS-MGA was conducted using basic bootstrapping to test the age difference in the research model. Significant differences were found in the paths from POS to attitude and from satisfaction to continuance intention. More specifically, the influence of POS on attitude was significantly stronger for the younger group. On the other hand, the impact of satisfaction on continuance intention was significantly stronger for the older group. Originality/value: The large sample size of this study offered more persuasive empirical evidence on the role of POS in volunteers' perception and behavior. The findings suggest the importance of the event organizer's support for volunteer outcomes and clear communication with volunteers on their needs and wants. © 2021, Emerald Publishing Limited.},
	author_keywords = {Mega-events; Perceived organizational support; Volunteer management; Volunteer outcomes},
	correspondence_address = {W. Chiu; The Open University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong; email: chiuws@ouhk.edu.hk},
	publisher = {Emerald Group Holdings Ltd.},
	issn = {17582954},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Int. J. Event Festiv. Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 13}
}

@ARTICLE{Aboramadan2018372,
	author = {Aboramadan, Mohammed},
	title = {NGOs management: a roadmap to effective practices},
	year = {2018},
	journal = {Journal of Global Responsibility},
	volume = {9},
	number = {4},
	pages = {372 – 387},
	doi = {10.1108/JGR-08-2018-0033},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85069519342&doi=10.1108%2fJGR-08-2018-0033&partnerID=40&md5=b43d3817e736bfafb28881e9d26be0aa},
	affiliations = {School of Business Administration, Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Ifrane, Morocco},
	abstract = {Purpose: From one year to another, more researchers join in the ever-growing field of interest of non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Nevertheless, the literature on NGOs management is not as rich as what has been developed for private companies and bodies in the business world. The purpose of this paper is to propose a framework for managing NGOs effectively. Design/methodology/approach: Reviewing the literature on NGOs management from different areas, the paper proposes a conceptual framework. Findings: The paper provides a conceptual framework on how different management functions are involved in a mutual framework for managing NGOs. Research limitations/implications: The author needs to empirically test the suggested framework using qualitative and qualitative techniques. Originality/value: The author’s perspective on NGOs management is a subject of great interest for different NGOs stakeholders including: donors, communities, volunteers, managers and policy-makers. © 2018, Emerald Publishing Limited.},
	author_keywords = {Framework; Management; NGOs},
	correspondence_address = {M. Aboramadan; School of Business Administration, Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Ifrane, Morocco; email: m.aboramadan@aui.ma},
	publisher = {Emerald Group Holdings Ltd.},
	issn = {20412568},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Glob. Responsib.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 14}
}

@ARTICLE{Daddoust2021,
	author = {Daddoust, Leila and Asgary, Ali and McBey, Kenneth J. and Elliott, Steve and Normand, Alain},
	title = {Spontaneous volunteer coordination during disasters and emergencies: Opportunities, challenges, and risks},
	year = {2021},
	journal = {International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction},
	volume = {65},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102546},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85114230492&doi=10.1016%2fj.ijdrr.2021.102546&partnerID=40&md5=b11c473db1c6ca7b833ae51122d17d57},
	affiliations = {Advanced Disaster, Emergency and Rapid Response Simulation (ADERSIM), School of Administrative Studies, Faculty of Liberal Arts & Professional Studies, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada; Disaster & Emergency Management, School of Administrative Studies, Faculty of Liberal Arts & Professional Studies, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, M3J 1P3, ON, Canada; Human Resource Management, Public Policy Administration & Law, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada; NGO Alliance of Ontario, Millbrook, ON, Canada; National Emergencies, Newcastle, ON, Canada},
	abstract = {During major disaster and emergency events, significant numbers of individuals known as Spontaneous Volunteers (SV) show up to provide help, often in an unplanned fashion. SV play a critical role in responding to major disasters when emergency management services are overwhelmed and require additional capacity. Despite many benefits that may accrue from their usage, there are also some s noteworthy potential challenges. Reviews conducted after some recent disaster events reveal that emergency management service personnel were uncertain as to how they should interact most effectively with these volunteers. Failure to effectively ‘coordinate’ and employ SV during disaster response can create additional complications and risks for already overburdened emergency organizations. This study examines spontaneous volunteer coordination challenges, opportunities, and risks during emergencies and disasters derived from aa survey of emergency managers in Ontario, Canada. A structured questionnaire consisting of five sections and 69 questions was completed by a sample of emergency managers in Ontario. The findings show that their usage of SV is common, however they perceive the SV relationship from a predominantly ‘managerial’ lens or perspective, focusing upon control, predictability and potential liability issues and obstacles regarding their recruitment, and utilization, etc. Lack of federal and provincial legal and legislative supports regarding the usage, liability, and safety of SV are among the main barriers to the more effective realization of their full potential. This paper presents detailed results and implications of this study. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd},
	author_keywords = {Emergency management; Ontario; Spontaneous volunteers (SV); Volunteer coordination; Volunteer management},
	correspondence_address = {A. Asgary; Advanced Disaster, Emergency and Rapid Response Simulation (ADERSIM), School of Administrative Studies, Faculty of Liberal Arts & Professional Studies, York University, Toronto, Canada; email: asgary@yorku.ca},
	publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
	issn = {22124209},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 45}
}

@ARTICLE{Ward20181155,
	author = {Ward, Jenna and Greene, Anne-Marie},
	title = {Too Much of a Good Thing? The Emotional Challenges of Managing Affectively Committed Volunteers},
	year = {2018},
	journal = {Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly},
	volume = {47},
	number = {6},
	pages = {1155 – 1177},
	doi = {10.1177/0899764018783276},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85049684225&doi=10.1177%2f0899764018783276&partnerID=40&md5=017662853974366d99fbfd8eddd0b924},
	affiliations = {University of Leicester, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {This article presents the emotional challenges of managing affectively committed volunteers and the associated impacts on the managerial task. Through a qualitative arts-based study at a U.K. nonprofit organization, the National Trust, dominant rhetoric positioning volunteering as positive is problematized. Paid managers find managing affectively committed volunteers emotionally demanding and are often reluctant to address what they perceive to be difficult volunteer behavior. This study conceptualizes the emotionally challenging behaviors of volunteers and the reluctance of their paid managers to address them, as a consequence of a variation in adherence to the organizational display and feeling rules that define their shared emotional arena. This is influenced by the existence or lack of an employment contract within the context of their affective commitment. Suggestions are made for further research and practice regarding the management of volunteers. © The Author(s) 2018.},
	author_keywords = {affective commitment; arts-based methods; emotional arenas; National Trust; volunteer management},
	correspondence_address = {A.-M. Greene; Employment and Diversity, School of Business, University of Leicester, Leicester, University Road, LE1 7RH, United Kingdom; email: ag485@le.ac.uk},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
	issn = {08997640},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Volunt. Sect. Q.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 25}
}

@ARTICLE{Kappelides2019259,
	author = {Kappelides, Pam and Cuskelly, Graham and Hoye, Russell},
	title = {The Influence of Volunteer Recruitment Practices and Expectations on the Development of Volunteers’ Psychological Contracts},
	year = {2019},
	journal = {Voluntas},
	volume = {30},
	number = {1},
	pages = {259 – 271},
	doi = {10.1007/s11266-018-9986-x},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85044353737&doi=10.1007%2fs11266-018-9986-x&partnerID=40&md5=5ac35fbcbac5dee72de639969c99b24e},
	affiliations = {La Trobe University (Melbourne, Australia), Kingsbury Drive, Bundoora, 3086, Australia; Griffith University (Queensland, Australia), Gold Coast Campus, Parklands Drive, Southport, 4222, QLD, Australia},
	abstract = {Volunteer recruitment and retention continue to be important issues for not-for-profit organisations. A theoretical framework that has demonstrated considerable potential to better understand the factors influencing volunteer recruitment and retention is the concept of the psychological contract (PC); the set of beliefs individuals hold in relation to how organisations value their contributions as volunteers. To date research has predominantly examined the relationship between volunteer retention and individuals’ PC after a volunteer has spent considerable time with an organisation. The research reported in this paper provides evidence that volunteer recruitment practices and volunteer’s expectations directly influence the development of volunteers’ PCs from the very first interactions they have with an organisation, and before they even commence their voluntary duties. The results indicate that a better understanding of volunteers’ PC development processes and the influence of volunteer manager actions during the volunteer recruitment phase can support the formation of realistic expectations amongst potential volunteers and thus enhance volunteer recruitment outcomes. © 2018, International Society for Third-Sector Research and The Johns Hopkins University.},
	author_keywords = {Psychological contract; Psychological contract development; Volunteer recruitment; Volunteers},
	keywords = {altruism; nonprofit organization; psychology},
	correspondence_address = {P. Kappelides; La Trobe University (Melbourne, Australia), Bundoora, Kingsbury Drive, 3086, Australia; email: p.kappelides@latrobe.edu.au},
	publisher = {Springer New York LLC},
	issn = {09578765},
	coden = {VOLUE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Voluntas},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 25}
}

@ARTICLE{Holmes2018389,
	author = {Holmes, Kirsten and Nichols, Geoff and Ralston, Rita},
	title = {It's a once-in-a-lifetime experience and opportunity- deal with it! volunteer perceptions of the management of the volunteer experience at the London 2012 Olympic Games},
	year = {2018},
	journal = {Event Management},
	volume = {22},
	number = {3},
	pages = {389 – 403},
	doi = {10.3727/152599518X15252895715050},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85048630146&doi=10.3727%2f152599518X15252895715050&partnerID=40&md5=0f2235c8ade6459b5b35a145aead16b0},
	affiliations = {School of Marketing, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; School of Management, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Food and Tourism Management, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {Mega-events such as the Olympic Games involve huge numbers of volunteers from the host community, necessitating the development of a large volunteer program, which will only operate for a short time. Leveraging this volunteer energy to lead to longer-term community volunteering has become a legacy goal for many event organizers. Mega-events typically use a top-down "program management" approach for their volunteer program. This article examines how the program management style impacts on the volunteer experience, using in-depth interviews with volunteers at the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games. The study found that the program management approach had a negative impact on many volunteers' preevent experience, leading to some rejecting the offer of a role at the event. However, the anticipated "once-in-a-lifetime" experience of volunteering for the Olympic Games overcame most of the preevent shortcomings. The article considers the impact of volunteer management on repeat volunteering. Recommendations for better management of mega-event volunteers, leading to a volunteer legacy, are offered. © Cognizant, LLC.},
	author_keywords = {Mega-events; Olympic Games; Program management; Volunteer management; Volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {K. Holmes; School of Marketing, Curtin University, Perth, GPO Box U1987, 6845, Australia; email: k.holmes@curtin.edu.au},
	publisher = {Cognizant Communication Corporation},
	issn = {15259951},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Event Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 31; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Benevene2018,
	author = {Benevene, Paula and Dal Corso, Laura and De Carlo, Alessandro and Falco, Alessandra and Carluccio, Francesca and Vecina, Maria Luisa},
	title = {Ethical leadership as antecedent of job satisfaction, affective organizational commitment and intention to stay among volunteers of non-profit organizations},
	year = {2018},
	journal = {Frontiers in Psychology},
	volume = {9},
	number = {NOV},
	doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02069},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85056585727&doi=10.3389%2ffpsyg.2018.02069&partnerID=40&md5=366a7a723797cb2a6f65e8a6dceb97d7},
	affiliations = {Department of Social Sciences, Libera Università Maria SS. Assunta, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Filosofia, Sociologia, Pedagogia e Psicologia Applicata, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy; Departamento de Psicología Social del Trabajo y Diferencial, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain},
	abstract = {The aim of this paper is to investigate among a group of non-profit organizations: (a) the effect of ethical leadership (EL) on volunteers' satisfaction, affective organizational commitment and intention to stay in the same organization; (b) the role played by job satisfaction as a mediator in the relationship between EL and volunteers' intentions to stay in the same organization, as well as between EL and affective commitment. An anonymous questionnaire was individually administered to 198 Italian volunteers of different non-profit organizations. The questionnaire contained the Ethical Leadership Scale, the Volunteers Satisfaction Index, the Affective organization Scale, as well as questions regarding the participants' age, sex, type of work, level of education, length of their volunteer works, intention to volunteer in the following months in the same organization. The construct as well the effects of EL on volunteers is approached in light of the Social Exchange Theory and the Social Learning Theory. Structural equation models were used to test hypothesized relationships. The results confirm the role of mediation of volunteer satisfaction in the relationships between the variables studied. In particular, EL was found to be positively associated both with volunteers' intention of staying and with their affective commitment. In the first case this relationship is fully explained by the mediation of the volunteers' satisfaction, while the latter is explained by both direct and indirect factors. To the authors' knowledge, this the first attempt to understand the role played by EL on volunteers' behavior and, more in general, in the management of non-profit organizations. Findings are relevant both for practitioners and managers of non-profit organization, since they suggest the relevance of the perception of EL by volunteers, as well as for scholars, since they further deepen the knowledge on EL and its effects on the followers. Limits of the study: the questionnaire was administered only among a group of non-statistical sample of volunteers. Furthermore, the study reached only volunteers from Italian non-profit organization. © 2018 Benevene, Dal Corso, De Carlo, Falco, Carluccio and Vecina.},
	author_keywords = {Affective organizational commitment; Ethical leadership; Job satisfaction; Non-profit management; Non-profit organizations; Volunteering; Volunteers' management; Volunteers' turnover},
	correspondence_address = {P. Benevene; Department of Social Sciences, Libera Università Maria SS. Assunta, Rome, Italy; email: benevene@lumsa.it},
	publisher = {Frontiers Media S.A.},
	issn = {16641078},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Front. Psychol.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 80; All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Ganzevoort2020,
	author = {Ganzevoort, Wessel and van den Born, Riyan J.G.},
	title = {Understanding citizens’ action for nature: The profile, motivations and experiences of Dutch nature volunteers},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {Journal for Nature Conservation},
	volume = {55},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jnc.2020.125824},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85085062387&doi=10.1016%2fj.jnc.2020.125824&partnerID=40&md5=de82c171b4ac503eb4e1f8d0fe542ed5},
	affiliations = {Institute for Science in Society, Radboud University, Netherlands},
	abstract = {Active citizens are a crucial foundation of nature conservation, with a long history of commitment to natural history, conservation work, education and outreach. There is a strong need for greater understanding of these volunteers and their motivations, both to match volunteer management to the individual, but also more broadly to understand citizens’ action for nature. This study adds to the literature by surveying a broad sample of Dutch nature volunteers (N = 3775), including both formal volunteers and participants in nature-oriented citizen initiatives, providing insight into their profile, motivations, and attitudes regarding their volunteer work now and in the future. In addition to providing a broad overview, we also distinguish four types of nature volunteering (recorders, restorers, educators and administrators) to investigate differences in background and perspective. Our results highlight a generally high age and level of education among nature volunteers, and we find that two motivations are crucial regardless of activity type: contributing to nature conservation, and personal connection to nature. Aside from these, restorers appear to have a somewhat divergent pattern of motivations. While nature volunteers generally experience freedom and appreciation, they share great concerns over the perceived lack of younger volunteers. We argue that, while recognising nuanced differences is important, contemporary developments in the field of volunteering require nature organisations to recognise volunteers’ diverse activities and strengthen collaboration in current and new initiatives. Taking on the joint responsibility to appreciate and voice nature volunteers’ efforts and motivations is a promising route to stimulate current and future action for nature. © 2020 The Author(s)},
	author_keywords = {Citizen initiatives; Citizen science; Conservation; Environmental stewardship; Green volunteer; Survey},
	keywords = {Netherlands; environmental management; future prospect; nature conservation; social participation; survey; voluntary approach},
	correspondence_address = {W. Ganzevoort; Heyendaalseweg 135, Nijmegen, 6525, Netherlands; email: Wessel.ganzevoort@ru.nl},
	publisher = {Elsevier GmbH},
	issn = {16171381},
	coden = {JNCOA},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Nat. Conserv.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 39; All Open Access, Green Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{De Clerck20211271,
	author = {De Clerck, Tom and Willem, Annick and Aelterman, Nathalie and Haerens, Leen},
	title = {Volunteers Managing Volunteers: The Role of Volunteer Board Members’ Motivating and Demotivating Style in Relation to Volunteers’ Motives to Stay Volunteer},
	year = {2021},
	journal = {Voluntas},
	volume = {32},
	number = {6},
	pages = {1271 – 1284},
	doi = {10.1007/s11266-019-00177-6},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85074555521&doi=10.1007%2fs11266-019-00177-6&partnerID=40&md5=8d62aa96199a878f81d92156d54ebcbd},
	affiliations = {Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, Ghent, 9000, Belgium; Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 2, Ghent, 9000, Belgium},
	abstract = {Against the background of declining volunteering rates in nonprofit and voluntary organizations, this study examined the relationship between the volunteer board members’ (de)motivating style and factors that influence volunteers’ motives to stay volunteer, i.e., volunteers’ motivation and group-task cohesion. To this end, we relied on Self-Determination Theory. Results indicated that the volunteers’ perception of the board members’ motivating style was positively related to volunteers’ autonomous motivation and perceived group-task cohesion via experienced need satisfaction (i.e., a bright pathway), whereas the board members’ perceived demotivating style was positively related to controlled motivation and amotivation via experienced need frustration (i.e., a dark pathway). Implications for volunteer management are illustrated with concrete examples. © 2019, International Society for Third-Sector Research.},
	author_keywords = {Board members’ (de)motivating style; Self-determination theory; Volunteer retention; Volunteers’ perceived group-task cohesion; Volunteers’ quality of motivation},
	keywords = {management; nonprofit organization; voluntary approach},
	correspondence_address = {T. De Clerck; Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Belgium; email: Tom.Declerck@UGent.be},
	publisher = {Springer},
	issn = {09578765},
	coden = {VOLUE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Voluntas},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 25}
}

@ARTICLE{Rozmiarek2021,
	author = {Rozmiarek, Mateusz and Poczta, Joanna and Malchrowicz‐mośko, Ewa},
	title = {Motivations of sports volunteers at the 2023 european games in Poland},
	year = {2021},
	journal = {Sustainability (Switzerland)},
	volume = {13},
	number = {11},
	doi = {10.3390/su13116406},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85107935426&doi=10.3390%2fsu13116406&partnerID=40&md5=aa05890ede26aeb755c733a2fc3b1934},
	affiliations = {Department of Sports Tourism, Faculty of Physical Culture Sciences, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, 61‐871, Poland},
	abstract = {Volunteering is fundamental in the organization of sporting events of any rank, and there is no doubt that without volunteers, the realization of such events would not be possible. The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between selected socio‐demographic factors (gender, age, place of residence, professional activity, and—rarely researched—previous experience in sports volunteering) and the motivation of people who have signed up to be volunteers at the 2023 European Games in Poland. In total, 535 respondents completed the Olympic Volunteer Motivation Scale (OVMS) designed to assess the motivation of volunteers at multi‐sport events in the Olympic tradition. A questionnaire survey was conducted among a group of students of the University of Physical Education in Krakow, who had signed up as volunteers via an online form. The respondents were required to provide data on their gender, age, place of residence, professional activities, and sports volunteering experience. The volunteers’ motivations did not differ with regard to gender, place of residence, and professional activity; however, significant differences were found with regard to sports volunteering experiences. The scores by respondents with previous experience in sports volunteering were the highest for the Olympic related, egoistic, and purposive scales of the OVMS. The research findings can be used by sports event organizers to improve the effectiveness of volunteer recruitment and management strategies. Understanding the factors that encourage potential candidates to volunteer may also facilitate collaboration with them during future events. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},
	author_keywords = {2023 European Games; Motivation; Olympic Games; OVMS; Sport volunteer management; Sports events; Sports volunteering experience; Sports volunteers; Volunteer motivations},
	keywords = {Cracow; Malopolskie; Poland [Central Europe]; demography; design; management practice; Olympic Games; organizational framework; questionnaire survey; research work; strategic approach},
	correspondence_address = {M. Rozmiarek; Department of Sports Tourism, Faculty of Physical Culture Sciences, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, 61‐871, Poland; email: rozmiarek@awf.poznan.pl},
	publisher = {MDPI AG},
	issn = {20711050},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Sustainability},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 18; All Open Access, Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Simsa2019103S,
	author = {Simsa, Ruth and Rameder, Paul and Aghamanoukjan, Anahid and Totter, Marion},
	title = {Spontaneous Volunteering in Social Crises: Self-Organization and Coordination},
	year = {2019},
	journal = {Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly},
	volume = {48},
	number = {2_suppl},
	pages = {103S – 122S},
	doi = {10.1177/0899764018785472},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85049856010&doi=10.1177%2f0899764018785472&partnerID=40&md5=efe74c690630060a5164449e85c6b8b8},
	affiliations = {WU (Vienna University of Economics and Business), Austria; FernFH Distance-Learning University of Applied Sciences, Wiener Neustadt, Austria},
	abstract = {This article investigates spontaneous volunteering during the social crisis referred to as the “European 2015 refugee crisis.” The situation was politically controversial and the vacuum in humanitarian aid was filled by civil society, including large numbers of spontaneous volunteers (SVs). Based on empirical research, we analyzed the responses and the experiences of SVs working under the auspices of civil society organizations and derived management implications. The findings show that the environment of spontaneous volunteering in social crises differs from that in natural disaster situations. SVs partly substitute official response systems and this results in a high degree of self-organization. Thus, “structured self-organization,” that is finding a suitable complementary relationship between self-organization and coordination, is crucial for the efficiency of SVs’ work, and their satisfaction, well-being, and commitment. Structured self-organization requires (a) fluid structures that enable autonomy, (b) orienting framework conditions, and (c) resources for care and coordination. © The Author(s) 2018.},
	author_keywords = {civil society; civil society organizations (CSOs); refugees; spontaneous volunteering; volunteer management; volunteering},
	correspondence_address = {R. Simsa; WU (Vienna University of Economics and Business), Austria; email: ruth.simsa@wu.ac.at},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
	issn = {08997640},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Volunt. Sect. Q.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 94; All Open Access, Bronze Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Gupta20223,
	author = {Gupta, Bhavna and Gupta, Nidhi and Ahluwalia, Pallavi},
	title = {Integrating the Various ‘M’ Principles of Management into the Establishment of a Palliative Care Service},
	year = {2022},
	journal = {Indian Journal of Palliative Care},
	volume = {29},
	pages = {3 – 6},
	doi = {10.25259/IJPC_181_2022},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85151362359&doi=10.25259%2fIJPC_181_2022&partnerID=40&md5=e8b33b8521b7f64c40f44468871f7fbf},
	affiliations = {Departmentr of Anaesthesia, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India; Department of Anesthesia, Sridev Suman Subharti Medical College, Dehradun, India; Department of Anesthesia, Rohilkhand Medical College, Uttarakhand, Bareilly, India},
	abstract = {When it comes to medical caregiving, palliative care (PC) is a multidisciplinary strategy that has the goal of improving quality of life while also alleviating suffering. The doctrine of care for persons with life threatening or debilitating illnesses, as well as bereavement assistance for their families, is based on an organised, highly structured system of providing care to people with life-threatening or debilitating illnesses for the course of their lives. A coordinated continuum of care must be guaranteed throughout multiple healthcare settings, including the hospital, the patient’s home, the hospice and long-term care institutions. It is essential for patients and clinicians to communicate and make decisions jointly. It is the goal of PC to provide pain relief and emotional and spiritual support to patients and the people who care for them. The best way to ensure the plan’s success is to have an interdisciplinary multidimensional team of medical professionals, nurses, counsellors, social workers and volunteers coordinate it. Due to the alarming projections of cancer incidence over the next few years, a lack of hospices in developing countries, inadequate inclusion of PC, high out-of-pocket expenses for cancer treatment and the resulting financial burden on families, there is a critical need for PC and cancer hospices. To establish PC services, we stress the importance of the various M principles of management, which are divided into the following categories: Mission, Medium (setting), Men, Material including medications and Machines, Methods, Money and Management. These principles are discussed in greater detail later in this short communication. We believe that if we follow these principles, we will be able to establish PC services ranging from home-based care to the provision of care in tertiary care centres. ©2023 Published by Scientific Scholar on behalf of Indian Journal of Palliative Care.},
	author_keywords = {Health planning; Hospices; Palliative care; Palliative therapy},
	keywords = {adult; analgesia; article; cancer incidence; cancer therapy; counselor; developing country; health care planning; hospice; human; male; money; nurse; palliative therapy; physiological stress; social worker; spiritual care; tertiary care center},
	correspondence_address = {B. Gupta; Department of Anaesthesia, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India; email: bhavna.kakkar@gmail.com},
	publisher = {Scientific Scholar},
	issn = {09731075},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Indian J. Palliative Care},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Thomas2020151,
	author = {Thomas, Kali S. and Gadbois, Emily A. and Shield, Renee R. and Akobundu, Ucheoma and Morris, Andrea M. and Dosa, David M.},
	title = {“It’s Not Just a Simple Meal. It’s So Much More”: Interactions Between Meals on Wheels Clients and Drivers},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {Journal of Applied Gerontology},
	volume = {39},
	number = {2},
	pages = {151 – 158},
	doi = {10.1177/0733464818820226},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85059089419&doi=10.1177%2f0733464818820226&partnerID=40&md5=30e52ef1cb20e0005b2a4bb8cdf7c2b5},
	affiliations = {U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI, United States; Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, United States; Meals on Wheels America, Arlington, VA, United States; West Health Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States},
	abstract = {Background and Objectives: Meals on Wheels (MOW) programs provide home-delivered meals to over 1.5 million older adults; yet, very little is known about the drivers who make meal deliveries possible. Specifically, we do not have clear insight into their interaction with clients or the benefits that they may receive through their service. The objective of this article is to describe the characteristics of MOW drivers, the interactions among drivers and clients, and the benefits of the program to both. Research Design and Method: This qualitative research study reports on interviews with 84 MOW staff (leadership, case managers/client assessors, volunteer coordinators) and drivers at six geographically and operationally distinct programs across the United States. Results: Qualitative analysis of the interviews with MOW staff and drivers revealed the following key themes: (a) clients have multiple vulnerabilities; (b) clients appear to derive social, as well as nutritional benefit from receiving meals; (c) drivers report they provide additional support to their clients beyond delivering the meal; (d) social bonds between drivers and clients were reported to strengthen over time; (e) drivers claim that they, too, derive validation and personal benefit through their meal delivery. Discussion and Implications: This research highlights the significant contributions that meal delivery drivers made in the lives of MOW clients beyond the actual meal itself. This research also spotlights the perceived benefits experienced by the drivers and points to the importance of conducting further research to determine the effects of meal delivery on client and drivers’ outcomes, more broadly. © The Author(s) 2018.},
	author_keywords = {home-delivered meals; social services; volunteerism},
	keywords = {Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Community Health Planning; Community Health Services; Community Participation; Female; Food Services; Humans; Interviews as Topic; Male; Qualitative Research; Social Work; United States; aged; article; case manager; driver; home delivered meal; human; interview; leadership; qualitative analysis; qualitative research; social bonding; social work; staff; United States; validation process; volunteer; catering service; community care; community participation; female; health care planning; male; organization and management; psychology; social work; very elderly},
	correspondence_address = {K.S. Thomas; U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, United States; email: Kali_Thomas@brown.edu},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
	issn = {07334648},
	coden = {JAGED},
	pmid = {30569811},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Appl. Gerontol.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 35; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{McCormick20192581,
	author = {McCormick, Leanne and Donohue, Ross},
	title = {Antecedents of affective and normative commitment of organisational volunteers},
	year = {2019},
	journal = {International Journal of Human Resource Management},
	volume = {30},
	number = {18},
	pages = {2581 – 2604},
	doi = {10.1080/09585192.2016.1166388},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84962097617&doi=10.1080%2f09585192.2016.1166388&partnerID=40&md5=8edab4f09047fec1f7b61d06e53f9857},
	affiliations = {Department of Management, Monash University, Caulfield East, Australia},
	abstract = {We investigated a number of established and emergent antecedents of affective and normative commitment of volunteers involved with a large Australian non-profit (NP) service delivery organisation. Self-report survey data were gathered from 921 volunteers. Using multiple regression analysis, we found affective commitment was positively predicted by role scope, personal importance, organisational support, esteem-based need satisfaction and value-based need satisfaction and negatively predicted by role ambiguity. We found that normative commitment was positively predicted by socialisation experiences and congruence of organisational mission and values with personal values. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are further discussed. Of particular note is the value of extending organisational commitment mindsets to the value-laden and idiosyncratic NP sector and its volunteers. This includes the operationalisation of constructs not traditionally included in the examination of paid staff commitment, including perceptions of personal importance and need satisfaction, to inform volunteer management practice. © 2016, © 2016 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.},
	author_keywords = {Affective commitment; non-profit; normative commitment; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {R. Donohue; Department of Management, Monash University, Caulfield East, Australia; email: ross.donohue@monash.edu},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {09585192},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Int. J. Hum. Resour. Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 47}
}

@ARTICLE{Nelson2020,
	author = {Nelson, Michelle L.A. and Thombs, Rachel and Yi, Juliana},
	title = {Volunteers as members of the stroke rehabilitation team: A qualitative case study},
	year = {2020},
	journal = {BMJ Open},
	volume = {10},
	number = {4},
	doi = {10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032473},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85083209617&doi=10.1136%2fbmjopen-2019-032473&partnerID=40&md5=ac2b34b831a0717f82812ca41d52ea74},
	affiliations = {Collaboratory for Research and Innovation, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada},
	abstract = {Objectives Clinicians are facing increasing demands on their time, exacerbated by fiscal constraints and increasing patient complexity. Volunteers are an essential part of the many healthcare systems, and are one resource to support improved patient experience and a mechanism through which to address unmet needs. Hospitals rely on volunteers for a variety of tasks and services, but there are varying perceptions about volunteers' place within the healthcare team. This study aimed to understand the role of volunteers in stroke rehabilitation, as well as the barriers to volunteer engagement. Design A qualitative case study was conducted to understand the engagement of volunteers in stroke rehabilitation services within a complex rehabilitation and continuing care hospital in Ontario, Canada. Participants 28 clinicians, 10 hospital administrators and 22 volunteers participated in concurrent focus groups and interviews. Organisational documents pertaining to volunteer management were retrieved and analysed. Results While there was support for volunteer engagement, with a wide range of potential activities for volunteers, several barriers to volunteer engagement were identified. These barriers relate to paid workforce/unionisation, patient safety and confidentiality, volunteer attendance and lack of collaboration between clinical and volunteer resource departments. Conclusions An interprofessional approach, specifically emphasising and addressing issues related to key role clarity, may mediate these barriers. Clarity regarding the role of volunteers in hospital settings could support workforce planning and administration. © © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.},
	author_keywords = {health policy; human resource management; organisation of health services; qualitative research; rehabilitation medicine},
	keywords = {Collective Bargaining; Confidentiality; Focus Groups; Health Workforce; Hospital Administrators; Hospital Departments; Hospital Volunteers; Humans; Ontario; Patient Safety; Qualitative Research; Role; Stroke Rehabilitation; adult; article; clinical article; confidentiality; controlled study; drug safety; female; health care policy; hospital administrator; human; interview; male; Ontario; patient safety; qualitative research; rehabilitation medicine; resource management; stroke rehabilitation; workforce; economics; hospital department; hospital volunteer; information processing; organization and management; qualitative research; role playing; trade union},
	correspondence_address = {M.L.A. Nelson; Collaboratory for Research and Innovation, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Canada; email: Michelle.Nelson@sinaihealthsystem.ca},
	publisher = {BMJ Publishing Group},
	issn = {20446055},
	pmid = {32276952},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {BMJ Open},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 6; All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access}
}@ARTICLE{Wiedrich2013259,
	author = {Wiedrich, Tim W. and Sickler, Juli L. and Vossler, Brenda L. and Pickard, Stephen P.},
	title = {Critical systems for public health management of floods, North Dakota},
	year = {2013},
	journal = {Journal of Public Health Management and Practice},
	volume = {19},
	number = {3},
	pages = {259 – 265},
	doi = {10.1097/PHH.0b013e3182641b39},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84876140022&doi=10.1097%2fPHH.0b013e3182641b39&partnerID=40&md5=00675d515c22bb284e87aff33e44e95e},
	affiliations = {Public Health Emergency Preparedness Division, North Dakota Department of Health, Bismarck, United States; Hospital Preparedness Division, North Dakota Department of Health, Bismarck, United States; Emergency Preparedness and Response Section (Mr Wiedrich), North Dakota Department of Health, Bismarck, United States; Career Epidemiology Field Officer Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, North Dakota Department of Health, Bismarck, ND 58505, 600 E Blvd Ave, United States},
	abstract = {Availability of emergency preparedness funding between 2002 and 2009 allowed the North Dakota Department of Health to build public health response capabilities. Five of the 15 public health preparedness capability areas identified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 2011 have been thoroughly tested by responses to flooding in North Dakota in 2009, 2010, and 2011; those capability areas are information sharing, emergency operations coordination, medical surge, material management and distribution, and volunteer management. Increasing response effectiveness has depended on planning, implementation of new information technology, changes to command and control procedures, containerized response materials, and rapid contract procedures. Continued improvement in response and maintenance of response capabilities is dependent on ongoing funding. Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams &Wilkins.},
	author_keywords = {communication; disasters; floods; public health},
	keywords = {Disaster Planning; Floods; Health Resources; Humans; Information Dissemination; North Dakota; Organization and Administration; Public Health Administration; disaster planning; flooding; health care planning; human; information dissemination; organization and management; public health service; standards; United States},
	correspondence_address = {S.P. Pickard; Career Epidemiology Field Officer Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, North Dakota Department of Health, Bismarck, ND 58505, 600 E Blvd Ave, United States; email: spickard@nd.gov},
	issn = {10784659},
	pmid = {23348522},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Public Health Manage. Pract.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1}
}

@ARTICLE{Grimm2012488,
	author = {Grimm, Kerry E. and Needham, Mark D.},
	title = {Moving Beyond the "I" in Motivation: Attributes and Perceptions of Conservation Volunteer Tourists},
	year = {2012},
	journal = {Journal of Travel Research},
	volume = {51},
	number = {4},
	pages = {488 – 501},
	doi = {10.1177/0047287511418367},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84862026420&doi=10.1177%2f0047287511418367&partnerID=40&md5=45671af8651c39d84a4f887c66eaed1d},
	affiliations = {Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States},
	abstract = {Much research has examined why volunteer tourists volunteer abroad. However, little work has explored (1) if and how destination and organization attributes motivate volunteers or (2) manager perceptions of volunteer motivations. We identified attributes that pulled conservation volunteer tourists to the country, organization, and volunteer project. We compared these motivations and reasons for volunteering abroad with manager and volunteer coordinator perceptions of volunteer motivations. To collect data, we engaged in participant observation and conducted interviews with 36 volunteer tourists, 2 managers, and 3 volunteer coordinators at an Ecuadorian conservation volunteer project. Volunteers listed a range of motivations for their choices (e.g., reserve mission, price). Managers and coordinators correctly identified some motivations for volunteering abroad and selecting the destination, organization, and project (e.g., travel, price). However, they mentioned fewer reasons than volunteers and overlooked several major factors, especially altruistic and project-specific reasons. We discuss implications for managers and organizations, tourism theory, and future research. © 2012 SAGE Publications.},
	author_keywords = {conservation volunteer tourism; destination attributes; Ecuador; manager perceptions; push/pull motivation},
	keywords = {Ecuador; altruism; conservation; perception; tourist destination},
	correspondence_address = {K. E. Grimm; Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States; email: kerry.grimm@oregonstate.edu},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Ltd},
	issn = {00472875},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Travel Res.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 60}
}

@ARTICLE{Siti Nazilah2012378,
	author = {Siti Nazilah, M.A. and Rozmi, I. and Fauziah, I.},
	title = {Relationship between satisfaction and organizational commitment among undergraduate volunteers},
	year = {2012},
	journal = {Social Sciences (Pakistan)},
	volume = {7},
	number = {3},
	pages = {378 – 382},
	doi = {10.3923/sscience.2012.378.382},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84864092115&doi=10.3923%2fsscience.2012.378.382&partnerID=40&md5=ce3db25a8101375498b2996d678d59c9},
	affiliations = {Department of Psychology and Counseling, Faculty of Social Development, University Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia; Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, School of Psychology and Human Development, The National University of Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia},
	abstract = {rganizational commitment is an important topic having both practical and theoretical implications. The vast majority of studies in this area have looked at the commitment of employees and few studies have examined organizational commitment of volunteers. This study extends the prior research to a different sample undergraduate volunteers and investigates the relation of satisfaction and organizational commitment. This study aims to investigating the relationship between satisfaction and organizational commitment among undergraduate volunteers. A quantitative correlation research method was used to collect data. A self-administered questionnaire that comprised of a demographic, an adaptation of Job Descriptive Index (JDI) and Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ) was administered to 350 samples from four universities in Peninsular Malaysia. They were proportionately and randomly selected in the study. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential analysis. The results revealed that overall satisfaction, leader/leadership, task, position opportunities and co-volunteers subscale were positively correlated to organizational commitment. The implications for undergraduate volunteers' managerial practices are discussed and put forward. © Medwell Journals, 2012.},
	author_keywords = {Leader; Malaysia.; Organizational commitment; Satisfaction; Undergraduates; Volunteers},
	issn = {19936125},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Soc. Sci.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 3; All Open Access, Bronze Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Wang2014754,
	author = {Wang, Chunlei and Wu, Xuan},
	title = {Volunteers' Motivation, Satisfaction, and Management in Large-scale Events: An Empirical Test from the 2010 Shanghai World Expo},
	year = {2014},
	journal = {Voluntas},
	volume = {25},
	number = {3},
	pages = {754 – 771},
	doi = {10.1007/s11266-013-9350-0},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84900816271&doi=10.1007%2fs11266-013-9350-0&partnerID=40&md5=988c53ccba3de945b8d35ddf3eeb8494},
	affiliations = {Event Management Department at Shanghai Institute of Tourism, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China; School of Foundations, Leadership and Administration, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States},
	abstract = {The studies of volunteerism in sporting events have investigated various motivations, organizational attributes, and their effect on satisfaction and behavioral intention, while by far, there is no research conducted on the scale development of volunteers' motivation and satisfaction in World Expo. By empirically testing the revised version of Bang and Chelladurai (Paper presented at the Conference of the North American Society for Sport Management, 2003) VMS-ISE developed by Bang and Ross, this study tried to identify the motivational factors of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo volunteers and the inter-relationship between volunteers motivation, experience, and satisfaction. The result shows that the prime motivations for the World Expo volunteers are those items focusing on doing something good for the organization and society, such as "Expression of Values", "Career Orientation," and "Love of Expo". Practical implications and future research directions of event volunteerism management are also discussed. © 2013 International Society for Third-Sector Research and The Johns Hopkins University.},
	author_keywords = {The 2010 Shanghai World Expo; Volunteer management; Volunteer motivation; Volunteer satisfaction},
	keywords = {China; Shanghai; empirical analysis; future prospect; organizational framework; research work; sport; testing method; voluntary approach},
	correspondence_address = {C. Wang; Event Management Department at Shanghai Institute of Tourism, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China; email: wangcl@shnu.edu.cn},
	publisher = {Springer New York LLC},
	issn = {09578765},
	coden = {VOLUE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Voluntas},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 26}
}

@ARTICLE{Casteel2012,
	author = {Casteel, Robbie B.},
	title = {Volunteer management needs assessment of the tennessee 4-H program},
	year = {2012},
	journal = {Journal of Extension},
	volume = {50},
	number = {1},
	doi = {10.34068/joe.50.01.19},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84861656198&doi=10.34068%2fjoe.50.01.19&partnerID=40&md5=f6f4cc564a716d95a869c734203e1ba0},
	affiliations = {4-H Youth Development, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States},
	abstract = {The purpose of the descriptive study reported here was to determine the perceptions of working with 4-H volunteer leaders and knowledge level of volunteer management through a state-wide needs assessment among Tennessee Extension agents with 4-H youth responsibility. The research determined a need for a formalized 4-H volunteer leader management system within the state Extension organization. Extension agents had high proficiencies in knowledge levels of managing 4-H volunteers and perceptions of working with 4-H volunteers. Results indicated that most Extension agents agreed on a need for readily available, Web-based materials and for a comprehensive 4-H volunteer leader management system. © by Extension Journal, Inc.},
	correspondence_address = {R.B. Casteel; 4-H Youth Development, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States; email: rcasteel1@k12tn.net},
	publisher = {Extension Journal, Inc.},
	issn = {10775315},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Ext.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 2; All Open Access, Green Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Frey201681,
	author = {Frey, Bruno S. and Gallus, Jana},
	title = {Awards as non-monetary incentives},
	year = {2016},
	journal = {Evidence-based HRM},
	volume = {4},
	number = {1},
	pages = {81 – 91},
	doi = {10.1108/EBHRM-05-2015-0016},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84962593352&doi=10.1108%2fEBHRM-05-2015-0016&partnerID=40&md5=75fe3d8a6049d12e03dcbec1e9097688},
	affiliations = {Department of Economics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland},
	abstract = {Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to shed light on a widely used yet scarcely investigated form of incentive, awards. The paper seeks to explore, first, whether awards can be used to motivate higher performance in academia and volunteering, and second, how often and in what forms awards are in actual fact being used in the voluntary sector. Design/methodology/approach – The paper combines a theoretical analysis with various analytical methods, including a new matching technique, randomization in the field, and the survey approach. Findings – Awards have the potential to substantially increase performance, yet they are less frequently used in the Swiss voluntary sector than theory suggests. Research limitations/implications – The focus lies on awards in academia and the voluntary sector. Future research should investigate awards in other fields, e.g. the for-profit or the cultural sector. It should also assess their use in other countries to facilitate cross-country comparisons. The effects on non-recipients and the public at large are another area worth investigating. Practical implications – Practitioners are encouraged to consider awards as an important motivational instrument, which could be integrated more explicitly and more widely in the volunteer management systems of Swiss non-profit organizations. Originality/value – This contribution analyzes a widely used yet scarcely investigated form of incentive, awards. originality/value derives naturally from this observation. © 2016, © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.},
	author_keywords = {Awards; Incentives; Motivation; Non-profit sector},
	correspondence_address = {J. Gallus; Department of Economics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; email: jana.gallus@econ.uzh.ch},
	publisher = {Emerald Publishing},
	issn = {20493983},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Evid.-Based HRM},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 10}
}

@ARTICLE{Morris20171704,
	author = {Morris, Sara M. and Payne, Sheila and Ockenden, Nick and Hill, Matthew},
	title = {Hospice volunteers: bridging the gap to the community?},
	year = {2017},
	journal = {Health and Social Care in the Community},
	volume = {25},
	number = {6},
	pages = {1704 – 1713},
	doi = {10.1111/hsc.12232},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85030317276&doi=10.1111%2fhsc.12232&partnerID=40&md5=cce4d5c43a233d71fc4b5979e6eae6cc},
	affiliations = {International Observatory on End of Life Care, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom; Institute for Volunteering Research, National Council for Voluntary Organisations, London, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {Current demographic, policy and management changes are a challenge to hospices to develop their volunteering practices. The study upon which this paper is based aimed to explore good practice in volunteer involvement and identify ways of improving care through developing volunteering. The project consisted of a narrative literature review; a survey of volunteer managers; and organisational case studies selected through purposive diversity sampling criteria. A total of 205 staff, volunteers, patients and relatives were interviewed across 11 sites in England in 2012. This article focuses on one of the findings – the place that volunteers occupy between the hospice and the community beyond its walls. External changes and pressures in society were impacting on volunteer management, but were viewed as requiring a careful balancing act to retain the ‘spirit’ of the hospice philosophy. Honouring the developmental history of the hospice was vital to many respondents, but viewed less positively by those who wished to modernise. Hospices tend to be somewhat secluded organisations in Britain, and external links and networks were mostly within the end-of-life care arena, with few referring to the wider volunteering and community fields. Volunteers were seen as an informal and symbolic ‘link’ to the local community, both in terms of their ‘normalising’ roles in the hospice and as providing a two-way flow of information with the external environment where knowledge of hospice activities remains poor. The diversity of the community is not fully represented among hospice volunteers. A few hospices had deliberately tried to forge stronger interfaces with their localities, but these ventures were often controversial. The evidence suggests that there is substantial scope for hospices to develop the strategic aspects of volunteering through greater community engagement and involvement and by increasing diversity and exploiting volunteers' ‘boundary’ position more systematically to educate, recruit and raise awareness. © 2015 The Authors. Health and Social Care in the Community Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.},
	author_keywords = {community engagement; end-of-life care; hospice; inclusion; volunteering},
	keywords = {Attitude to Health; England; Female; Hospice Care; Hospices; Humans; Male; Palliative Care; Policy; Terminal Care; Volunteers; adult; awareness; England; health services research; hospice; human; manager; narrative; organization; philosophy; relative; sampling; staff; terminal care; volunteer; attitude to health; female; hospice; hospice care; male; palliative therapy; policy; procedures; psychology; terminal care; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {S.M. Morris; International Observatory on End of Life Care, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom; email: s.m.morris@lancaster.ac.uk},
	publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},
	issn = {09660410},
	pmid = {25810042},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Health Soc. Care Community},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 41; All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Langellotto2016,
	author = {Langellotto, Gail Ann and Dorn, Sheri},
	title = {An online resource site for Extension master gardener coordinators},
	year = {2016},
	journal = {Journal of Extension},
	volume = {54},
	number = {3},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84979210631&partnerID=40&md5=da76f2f43b78ca389ecd21ea6234ecc3},
	affiliations = {Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States; University of Georgia, Griffin, GA, United States},
	abstract = {Developing an online resource site for Extension master gardener (EMG) coordinators is an ongoing project for Extension collaborators. Begun in 2014, the website includes peer-reviewed resources focused on best practices in volunteer management and program administration. The website is organized according to nine resource categories (e.g., program planning, engaging and teaching adults) and three resource types (i.e., readings, PowerPoint files, templates). In this article, we identify criteria used by peer reviewers and describe the processes for identifying potential resources, building site content, and making the website more accessible. © by Extension Journal, Inc.},
	publisher = {Extension Journal, Inc.},
	issn = {10775315},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Ext.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Tingle20162,
	author = {Tingle, Jacob K. and Hazlett, Dan and Flint, April},
	title = {Exploring NIRSA Championship Series Professional Development Opportunities: Understanding Their Perceived Value to the Association},
	year = {2016},
	journal = {Recreational Sports Journal},
	volume = {40},
	number = {1},
	pages = {2 – 20},
	doi = {10.1123/rsj.2015-0045},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85129196496&doi=10.1123%2frsj.2015-0045&partnerID=40&md5=9308c3b2fdc0b4ed66e831795b0de60e},
	affiliations = {Dept. of Sport Management, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX, United States; Dept. of Campus Recreation, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States; Dept. of Recreation and Wellness, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States},
	abstract = {The NIRSA Championship Series (Series) is a significant component of NIRSA: Leaders in Collegiate Recreation (NIRSA). Demonstrated, in part, by the fact that many campus recreational professionals contend the events directly relate to both their institution and the association's mission. The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of how NIRSA professionals perceive the value of volunteer experiences at Series events. The research team conducted semistructured interviews with thirteen campus recreation directors. The participants had a median of 28 years in the profession, (SD = 7.4), and represented all six NIRSA regions. In describing the benefits of volunteerism at Series events, the directors identified three broad themes, each with numerous subthemes: Personal Experience (Lifelong learner, Mentors, and Networking), Professional Development (Teamwork, Leadership, Communication, and Training), and Ideal Job Characteristics (Attitude and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors). The themes, subthemes, and implications for Series events are discussed. In addition, the authors present suggestions for future research. © 2016 The NIRSA Foundation.},
	author_keywords = {campus recreation; extramural events; intramural sports; qualitative research; recreational sports; volunteer management},
	correspondence_address = {J.K. Tingle; Dept. of Sport Management, Trinity University, San Antonio, United States; email: Jacob.Tingle@Trinity.edu},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Ltd},
	issn = {15588661},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Recreat. Sports J.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1}
}

@ARTICLE{Klenk201770,
	author = {Klenk, C. and Egli, B. and Schlesinger, T.},
	title = {Exploring how voluntary sports clubs implement external advisory inputs},
	year = {2017},
	journal = {Managing Sport and Leisure},
	volume = {22},
	number = {1},
	pages = {70 – 90},
	doi = {10.1080/23750472.2017.1386587},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85038122190&doi=10.1080%2f23750472.2017.1386587&partnerID=40&md5=9f35f58c6efdbdd9437fbfcd63e27b8b},
	affiliations = {Institute of Sports Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Swiss Football Association, Bern, Switzerland; Institute of Human Movement Science, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany},
	abstract = {Given a shortage of volunteers, voluntary sports clubs (VSCs) are facing an increasing demand for external advisory programs to help effectively deal with challenges, but this help does not always lead to successful problemsolving. Therefore, this paper analyzes the factors that are critical for the implementation of external advisory programs. Three critical interfaces were theoretically defined-(1) receiving and processing, (2) adopting and transferring, (3) structural embedding-that determine the process of implementation of advisory inputs. Using a case-study design, semistructured interviews were conducted according to the framework with team leaders from 10 Swiss football clubs participating in their federation’s advisory program to improve the clubs’ volunteer management. The result shows that different factors could hinder or promote implementation included receiving and processing the advisory inputs, reflecting and adapting, and assessing its structural embeddedness within the club. The findings provide valuable information about critical factors for implementation of advisory programs that are relevant for VSCs to succeed as well as for the federations to develop sustainable advisory concepts for their clubs. © 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.},
	author_keywords = {Case-study design; External advisory program; Organizational change; Voluntary sports clubs},
	correspondence_address = {C. Klenk; Institute of Sports Science, University of Bern, Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 145, CH 3012, Switzerland; email: christoffer.klenk@ispw.unibe.ch},
	publisher = {Taylor and Francis Ltd.},
	issn = {23750472},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Manag. Sport Leis.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 2}
}

@ARTICLE{Wang2015338,
	author = {Wang, Chunlei and Yu, Larry},
	title = {Managing Student Volunteers for Mega Events: Motivation and Psychological Contract as Predictors of Sustained Volunteerism},
	year = {2015},
	journal = {Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research},
	volume = {20},
	number = {3},
	pages = {338 – 357},
	doi = {10.1080/10941665.2014.889027},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84924453484&doi=10.1080%2f10941665.2014.889027&partnerID=40&md5=d68f5572691390668d9a8ef18914800b},
	affiliations = {School of Tourism Management, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, Xuhui District, 200234, China; School of Business, The George Washington University, 2201 G Street NW, Washington, 20052, DC, United States},
	abstract = {Tourism destinations often leverage special events to promote tourism. However, special event organizers are confronted with the challenge of effectively managing volunteers to achieve high satisfaction and sustained volunteerism (SV). This study analyzes the relationships between volunteer motives, psychological contract (PC), satisfaction, and behavioral intention. It accomplishes this aim by examining student volunteers' satisfaction with the 2010 Shanghai World Expo and testing a conceptual model of SV using motivation and PC as predictors. Based on a sample of 579 college student volunteers in Shanghai, this study simultaneously investigates the antecedents of student satisfaction with the World Expo and their behavioral intention to volunteer for other special events. Practical implications and future research directions of event volunteerism management are fully discussed. © 2014, © 2014 Asia Pacific Tourism Association.},
	author_keywords = {2010 Shanghai World Expo; psychological contract; sustained volunteerism; volunteer motivations; volunteer satisfaction},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {10941665},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Asia Pac. J. Tour. Res.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 18}
}

@ARTICLE{Claxton-Oldfield2014836,
	author = {Claxton-Oldfield, Stephen and Marrison-Shaw, Hayley},
	title = {Perceived Barriers and Enablers to Referrals to Community-Based Hospice Palliative Care Volunteer Programs in Canada},
	year = {2014},
	journal = {American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine},
	volume = {31},
	number = {8},
	pages = {836 – 844},
	doi = {10.1177/1049909113504482},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84915751279&doi=10.1177%2f1049909113504482&partnerID=40&md5=3b7544211c87a777bfe40157a2f57e45},
	affiliations = {Department of Psychology, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB, Canada},
	abstract = {Two separate studies were conducted to identify perceived barriers and enablers to referrals to community-based hospice palliative care volunteer programs in 2 Atlantic Canadian provinces. In study 1, a physician, home support nurse manager, social worker, and volunteer coordinator (VC) were interviewed. More barriers than enablers were identified. Based on these results and a review of the literature, a “Perceived Barriers and Enablers to Hospice Palliative Care Volunteer Referrals Questionnaire” (PBEQ) was developed. In study 2, a total of 10 VCs completed the PBEQ and (1) rated the extent to which they perceived 18 items to be barriers to referrals; (2) rated the extent to which they perceived 12 items to be enablers to referrals; and (3) described additional barriers and enablers. A Tips for Referrals sheet was created. © The Author(s) 2013.},
	author_keywords = {barriers; community-based programs; enablers; hospice palliative care; referrals; volunteers},
	keywords = {Canada; Community Health Services; Hospice Care; Humans; Interviews as Topic; Palliative Care; Referral and Consultation; Surveys and Questionnaires; Volunteers; Canada; community care; hospice care; human; interview; organization and management; palliative therapy; patient referral; questionnaire; volunteer},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
	issn = {10499091},
	pmid = {24037541},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Am. J. Hospice Palliative Med.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 14}
}

@ARTICLE{Hurst2017411,
	author = {Hurst, Christine and Scherer, Lisa and Allen, Joseph},
	title = {Distributive Justice for Volunteers: Extrinsic Outcomes Matter},
	year = {2017},
	journal = {Nonprofit Management and Leadership},
	volume = {27},
	number = {3},
	pages = {411 – 421},
	doi = {10.1002/nml.21251},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85006341910&doi=10.1002%2fnml.21251&partnerID=40&md5=ad895f22d1fd7a5e93bc81f96046ff5a},
	affiliations = {University of Nebraska at Omaha, United States},
	abstract = {Volunteer organizations continue to suffer from turnover; the current volunteer rate is the lowest since 2002. Distributive justice, satisfaction, and extrinsic outcome importance were examined as influences of volunteer intention to quit. Survey results from 294 volunteers revealed that those who perceived less than fair distribution of extrinsic outcomes experienced heightened intention to quit compared to those who perceived fair distribution. Overall satisfaction partially mediated this relationship. We explored the potential moderating role of volunteers’ assessment of the importance of extrinsic outcomes on the overall mediated relationship. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
	author_keywords = {volunteer management; volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {C. Hurst; University of Nebraska at Omaha, United States; email: churst@unomaha.edu},
	publisher = {Jossey-Bass Inc., Publishers},
	issn = {10486682},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Manage. Leadersh.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 11}
}

@ARTICLE{Hallmann2017308,
	author = {Hallmann, Kirstin and Zehrer, Anita},
	title = {Event and community involvement of sport event volunteers},
	year = {2017},
	journal = {International Journal of Event and Festival Management},
	volume = {8},
	number = {3},
	pages = {308 – 323},
	doi = {10.1108/IJEFM-08-2016-0058},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85030866008&doi=10.1108%2fIJEFM-08-2016-0058&partnerID=40&md5=4d793dd0d84fc6b51d27c7355b01a84f},
	affiliations = {German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany; MCI Management Center Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria},
	abstract = {Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the potential interrelationship between different types of volunteer involvement (event involvement and community involvement) and their impact on the behavioural intentions of different types of events. Design/methodology/approach: By means of a survey, data from an one-off sport event (n=316), including volunteer tourists, and from annual sport events (n=278) in Germany were collected. Structural equation modelling was employed for data analysis. Findings: Findings show that event involvement and community involvement are significantly correlated. Both influence future behavioural intentions for one-off events. But only event involvement and not community involvement influences behavioural intentions for annual events. Research limitations/implications: The findings are underpinning the rationale of social identity theory from a theoretical perspective. Practical implications: Volunteer managers learn that not only the volunteers’ involvement with event organisations, but also with the community (i.e. hosting destination) seems to be a key contributor of behavioural intentions and should therefore be fostered during the recruitment process and prior to the event. Originality/value: This study is the first to compare involvement with two objects for different types of events. Therefore, this study adds to the rare literature looking at different event types in which an individual can volunteer. © 2017, © Emerald Publishing Limited.},
	author_keywords = {Comparative research; Event volunteering; Sport event},
	correspondence_address = {K. Hallmann; German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany; email: k.hallmann@dshs-koeln.de},
	publisher = {Emerald Group Publishing Ltd.},
	issn = {17582954},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Int. J. Event Festiv. Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 15}
}

@ARTICLE{Peters201748,
	author = {Peters, C.B. and Zhan, Y. and Schwartz, M.W. and Godoy, L. and Ballard, H.L.},
	title = {Trusting land to volunteers: How and why land trusts involve volunteers in ecological monitoring},
	year = {2017},
	journal = {Biological Conservation},
	volume = {208},
	pages = {48 – 54},
	doi = {10.1016/j.biocon.2016.08.029},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85009224901&doi=10.1016%2fj.biocon.2016.08.029&partnerID=40&md5=88a0b93fc4de22b7b55f206037f49f0a},
	affiliations = {Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Davis, UC, United States; Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, UC, United States; School of Education, Davis, UC, United States},
	abstract = {Land trusts play an increasingly important role in conservation both in terms of the magnitude of conservation activities in which they participate and the total proportion of all conservation that they represent. Making informed conservation management decisions and local community engagement are two critical problems facing operators of locally-owned protected areas including those managed by land trusts. Engaging volunteers for critical management needs, such as collecting ecological data, is one way to overcome the challenge of managing and monitoring resources as a small organization. Partnering with volunteers can also help achieve other conservation goals including educational outreach and increasing public support. Land trusts that engage in volunteer-based monitoring (VBM) provide an opportunity to study how citizen science activities can contribute to conservation in practice. We surveyed land trust organizations across the United States to learn about their VBM programs. We received survey responses 332 organization, 133 of which maintain VBM programs. We found that the majority of land trusts with VBM programs are small organizations with less than ten employees (79.1%), few volunteers (50.4% with < 10 volunteers, 87.2% with < 50 volunteers), and little funding dedicated to the volunteer management (70.9% with <$1000 annually). Volunteers collect data on a wide variety of monitoring targets including vertebrate, invertebrate, and plant species, as well as water, soil and air quality measurements. Volunteers also engage in many different stages of the monitoring process including data collection, entry and analysis, and even dissemination of results. While increasing civic engagement and educational outreach were reported as the most important motivations for land trusts to engage in VBM, organizations reported that increasing civic engagement is the most difficult benefit to achieve. These results have implications for how land trusts can use citizen science and other participatory approaches to engage volunteers for conservation actions and increase public engagement. This study also shows that scientists interested in citizen science may engage with land trusts to learn about the potential for citizen science to improve conservation management. © 2016},
	author_keywords = {Citizen science; Community engagement; Conservation management; Land trust; Volunteer management; Volunteer-based monitoring},
	keywords = {United States; Invertebrata; Vertebrata; air quality; conservation management; decision making; environmental monitoring; invertebrate; local participation; plant; protected area; research program; resource assessment; social participation; soil quality; vertebrate; voluntary approach},
	correspondence_address = {C.B. Peters; Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Davis, United States; email: peters@ucdavis.edu},
	publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
	issn = {00063207},
	coden = {BICOB},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Biol. Conserv.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 17; All Open Access, Bronze Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{VanSickle2015166,
	author = {VanSickle, Jennifer L. and Pierce, David A. and Diacin, Michael},
	title = {Volunteer motivations at the 2012 Super Bowl},
	year = {2015},
	journal = {International Journal of Event and Festival Management},
	volume = {6},
	number = {3},
	pages = {166 – 181},
	doi = {10.1108/IJEFM-12-2014-0029},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84943537910&doi=10.1108%2fIJEFM-12-2014-0029&partnerID=40&md5=103254055e6f1ec80bd1a4e09b35d14d},
	affiliations = {Department of Kinesiology, University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States},
	abstract = {Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine mega-event volunteers’ motivations and their impact on volunteer satisfaction. Additionally, this study investigated motivational differences between volunteers based upon four demographic variables: age, gender, educational level, and income. Design/methodology/approach – A modified version of the Volunteer Motivations Scale for International Sporting Events (Bang and Chelladurai, 2009) was administered to 8,000 Super Bowl volunteers via Survey Monkey with the permission of the Indiana Sports Corporation. In all, 24 percent (n=1,928) of the volunteers completed the survey. Exploratory factor analysis was used to reduce the survey questions into a smaller number factors. Multivariate analysis of variance was utilized to compare differences in the four demographic variables on the factors. Multiple regression was used to predict satisfaction on the basis of the four factors. Findings – Volunteers were motivated by four factors: Community Support, Love of Sports, Personal Growth, and Career Development. These four factors all significantly predicted satisfaction with the volunteer experience. The overall MANOVA was significant and revealed that ten of 16 group comparisons possessed significant differences. Females rated Community higher than males, while males rated Love of Sports higher than females. Older volunteers and those with higher household incomes were motivated more by Community Support, while younger volunteers and those with lower incomes were motivated by Career Development. Likewise, less educated volunteers placed a higher value on Career motivations than more educated volunteers who placed a high value on Personal Growth. Research limitations/implications – Dissatisfied volunteers may have chosen to not participate in the study. Follow-up interviews with dissatisfied volunteers might provide insight for event organizers that would shed light on factors that influence retention and recidivism. Practical implications – The findings of this study suggest that mega sport volunteer managers should recognize that motivational differences among volunteers do exist and utilize this information for creating recruitment materials targeted to specific groups. Then volunteers can be assigned to tasks that tap into their desire, thus enhancing potential volunteer satisfaction and their return as a volunteer at future events. Originality/value – This study was conducted in the context of America’s largest mega event in a city that hosted the event for the first time. In addition to collecting one of the largest number of responses for volunteers at mega-sporting events, the development of the Community Support factor was unique within the context of this study. The Community Support factor was rated as the most important by volunteers and tied to other questions such as wanting to help make the event a success, helping others, and creating a better society. This indicates that volunteers had pride in their community and wanted to help the event be successful by helping the city’s visitors. © 2015, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.},
	author_keywords = {Event management; Mega event; Motivation; Satisfaction; Super Bowl; Volunteer management},
	correspondence_address = {J.L. VanSickle; Department of Kinesiology, University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, United States; email: jvansickle@uindy.edu},
	publisher = {Emerald Group Holdings Ltd.},
	issn = {17582954},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Int. J. Event Festiv. Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 28; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Hochgraeber2012,
	author = {Hochgraeber, Iris and Bartholomeyczik, Sabine and Holle, Bernhard},
	title = {Low-threshold support for families with dementia in Germany},
	year = {2012},
	journal = {BMC Research Notes},
	volume = {5},
	doi = {10.1186/1756-0500-5-317},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84862505353&doi=10.1186%2f1756-0500-5-317&partnerID=40&md5=4d7827ea9a8e486b99bab9b4446d2d46},
	affiliations = {German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Witten, Germany; School of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany},
	abstract = {Background: Low-threshold support services are a part of the German health care system and help relieving family caregivers. There is limited information available on how to construct and implement low-threshold support services for people with dementia and their families in Germany. Some studies describe separately different perspectives of experiences and expectations, but there is no study combining all the different perspectives of those involved and taking the arrangements and organisation as well as their opinions on supporting and inhibiting factors into consideration. Findings: This protocol describes the design of the study on low-threshold support services for families with a person with dementia in two German regions. The aim is to develop recommendations on how to build up these services and how to implement them in a region. A quantitative as well as a qualitative approach will be used. The quantitative part will be a survey on characteristics of service users and providers, as well as health care structures of the two project regions and an evaluation of important aspects derived from a literature search. Group discussions and semi-structured interviews will be carried out to get a deeper insight into the facilitators and barriers for both using and providing these services. All people involved will be included, such as the people with dementia, their relatives, volunteers, coordinators and institution representatives. Discussion: Results of this study will provide important aspects for policymakers who are interested in an effective and low-threshold support for people with dementia. Furthermore the emerging recommendations can help staff and institutions to improve quality of care and can contribute to developing health and social care structures in Germany. © 2012 Hochgraeber et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.},
	author_keywords = {Community care service; Dementia; Study protocol},
	keywords = {Dementia; Family; Germany; Health Planning Guidelines; Humans; Interviews as Topic; Questionnaires; Social Support; article; dementia; family; Germany; health care planning; human; interview; questionnaire; social support},
	correspondence_address = {I. Hochgraeber; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Witten, Germany; email: iris.hochgraeber@dzne.de},
	issn = {17560500},
	pmid = {22721553},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {BMC Res. Notes},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 5; All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Nichols2012169,
	author = {Nichols, Geoff and Ralston, Rita},
	title = {Lessons from the volunteering legacy of the 2002 commonwealth games},
	year = {2012},
	journal = {Urban Studies},
	volume = {49},
	number = {1},
	pages = {169 – 184},
	doi = {10.1177/0042098010397400},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84055181375&doi=10.1177%2f0042098010397400&partnerID=40&md5=05017692e3418ee871b925d0321a8a94},
	affiliations = {Management School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 4DT, Mappin Street, United Kingdom; Department of Food and Tourism Management, Hollings Faculty, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester MI4 6HR, Old Hall Lane, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {Potential exists for a more multifaceted and interrelated volunteering legacy from mega sporting events than has been recognised by previous research, including not only the continuation and development of volunteering activity, but also the contribution that activity makes to the social inclusion of volunteers, the economic contribution to the development of events in the region, the development of a skilled volunteer workforce and raising the standard of event volunteer management. This paper provides evidence for that claim via a case study of Manchester Event Volunteers-a volunteer development organisation established after the 2002 Commonwealth Games, which is still operating seven years later and provides a role model for volunteer broker organisations. The case study shows that local government played a key role in generating a volunteer legacy, but that legacy planning was limited by the imperative of running the event. Implications for similar events, such as the 2012 Olympics, are discussed. © 2011 Urban Studies Journal Limited.},
	keywords = {England; Manchester [England]; United Kingdom; Commonwealth of Nations; local government; social inclusion; urban development; urban economy; urban planning; voluntary approach},
	correspondence_address = {G. Nichols; Management School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 4DT, Mappin Street, United Kingdom; email: g.nichols@sheffield.ac.uk},
	issn = {1360063X},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Urban Stud.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 41}
}

@ARTICLE{Willems20131030,
	author = {Willems, Jurgen and Walk, Marlene},
	title = {Assigning volunteer tasks: The relation between task preferences and functional motives of youth volunteers},
	year = {2013},
	journal = {Children and Youth Services Review},
	volume = {35},
	number = {6},
	pages = {1030 – 1040},
	doi = {10.1016/j.childyouth.2013.03.010},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84877145075&doi=10.1016%2fj.childyouth.2013.03.010&partnerID=40&md5=10415e600e69822c07ad22346e474e61},
	affiliations = {Applied Economics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Pleinlaan 2, Belgium; School of Social Policy and Practice, University of Pennsylvania, 19104 Philadelphia, 3701 Locust Walk, United States},
	abstract = {In this paper we aim to explore the relationship between volunteer motives and task preferences in order to provide volunteer managers with better insight in how tasks can be assigned to keep youth volunteers satisfied. Earlier seminal contributions have either taken a pure functional approach - where various types of motives are supposed to be at the base of any type of volunteer work - or a differentiated approach, where particular motives relate to specific task preferences. However, empirical results reported in the literature do not justify the preference of one approach above the other. To investigate whether one of the approaches is superior, or whether a combination of both is more appropriate, we perform a canonical correlation analysis for a set of functional motives and a set of task preferences (N=2158). Five distinct relationships (canonical variate pairs) of motives and preferences are found. Results show that a 'functional basis' exists where all motives relate to a basic set of tasks. Additionally, a more differentiated approach towards volunteer motives and task preferences has to be taken, as we find four other relationships where specific motives are satisfied by assigning particular sets of tasks. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.},
	author_keywords = {Motives; Scouts and Guides Movement; Task preferences; Volunteer management; Volunteering; Youth organization},
	correspondence_address = {J. Willems; Applied Economics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Pleinlaan 2, Belgium; email: jurgen.willems@vub.ac.be},
	issn = {01907409},
	coden = {CYSRD},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Child. Youth Serv. Rev.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 16}
}

@ARTICLE{Årdal2011,
	author = {Årdal, Christine and Alstadsæter, Annette and Røttingen, John-Arne},
	title = {Common characteristics of open source software development and applicability for drug discovery: A systematic review},
	year = {2011},
	journal = {Health Research Policy and Systems},
	volume = {9},
	doi = {10.1186/1478-4505-9-36},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-80053368637&doi=10.1186%2f1478-4505-9-36&partnerID=40&md5=458e1565544ccb09dbf84ca5119ca16a},
	affiliations = {The Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services, N-0130 Oslo, P.O.Box 7004, St. Olavs plass, Norway; University of Oslo, Department of Health Management and Health Economics, N-0317 Oslo, P.B. 1089 Blindern, Norway},
	abstract = {Background: Innovation through an open source model has proven to be successful for software development. This success has led many to speculate if open source can be applied to other industries with similar success. We attempt to provide an understanding of open source software development characteristics for researchers, business leaders and government officials who may be interested in utilizing open source innovation in other contexts and with an emphasis on drug discovery.Methods: A systematic review was performed by searching relevant, multidisciplinary databases to extract empirical research regarding the common characteristics and barriers of initiating and maintaining an open source software development project.Results: Common characteristics to open source software development pertinent to open source drug discovery were extracted. The characteristics were then grouped into the areas of participant attraction, management of volunteers, control mechanisms, legal framework and physical constraints. Lastly, their applicability to drug discovery was examined.Conclusions: We believe that the open source model is viable for drug discovery, although it is unlikely that it will exactly follow the form used in software development. Hybrids will likely develop that suit the unique characteristics of drug discovery. We suggest potential motivations for organizations to join an open source drug discovery project. We also examine specific differences between software and medicines, specifically how the need for laboratories and physical goods will impact the model as well as the effect of patents. © 2011 Årdal et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.},
	author_keywords = {Drug discovery; Neglected diseases; Open source; Pharmaceutical innovation},
	keywords = {article; commercial phenomena; computer program; data base; drug development; empirical research; government; human; information retrieval; laboratory; learning; medical research; medicine; motivation; organization; patent; quality control; systematic review; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {C. Årdal; The Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services, N-0130 Oslo, P.O.Box 7004, St. Olavs plass, Norway; email: cha@nokc.no},
	issn = {14784505},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Health Res. Policy Syst.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 15; All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Cnaan201785,
	author = {Cnaan, Ram A. and Daniel Heist, H. and Storti, Melissa Heinlein},
	title = {Episodic Volunteering at a Religious Megaevent: Pope Francis's Visit to Philadelphia},
	year = {2017},
	journal = {Nonprofit Management and Leadership},
	volume = {28},
	number = {1},
	pages = {85 – 104},
	doi = {10.1002/nml.21268},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85019631862&doi=10.1002%2fnml.21268&partnerID=40&md5=2cfe33d1c343839e96df83e20c027079},
	affiliations = {Kyung Hee University, South Korea; University of Pennsylvania, United States; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, United States},
	abstract = {In preparation for Pope Francis's visit to Philadelphia and the 2015 World Meeting of Families, organizers looked for thousands of volunteers to help carry out these events. This is common for many one-time and episodic events, such as large sporting events (from marathons to Special Olympics), arts and cultural events (such as festivals and concerts), and fundraising events. After the pope's visit, volunteers were asked to respond to a questionnaire about their experiences and the volunteer management of the event; 2,408 responded (34.4 percent). Data on motivation, who volunteered, recruitment, training, assignment, supervision, communication, satisfaction, and suggestions for improvement were elicited. We focused on episodic volunteering at a religious event and on a broad spectrum of issues pertaining to management of episodic volunteers. Our findings add to the knowledge regarding volunteer management and also add to conceptual understanding of the distinction between ongoing and episodic volunteers. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
	author_keywords = {episodic volunteering; megaevent; religion; volunteer management},
	correspondence_address = {H. Daniel Heist; University of Pennsylvania, United States; email: heist@sp2.upenn.edu},
	publisher = {Jossey-Bass Inc., Publishers},
	issn = {10486682},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Manage. Leadersh.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 31}
}

@ARTICLE{Bunić2011115,
	author = {Bunić, Sanja},
	title = {Volunteers in libraries - Opportunities and possibilities; [Volonteri u knjižnici - Okolnosti i mogućnosti]},
	year = {2011},
	journal = {Vjesnik Bibliotekara Hrvatske},
	volume = {53},
	number = {3-4},
	pages = {115 – 124},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-79958863879&partnerID=40&md5=bab4051d7c8af69ac89d2d9cb67bce7c},
	affiliations = {Knjižnice grada Zagreba, Croatia},
	abstract = {The values related to volunteering can be found in the foundation of every democratic society. Volunteering in public libraries enables individuals to actively participate in solving the problems of the local community because libraries are institutions which contribute to the enhancement of the quality of life in a community due to their diverse tasks and functions. Taking into consideration the current social situation which is characterized by economic crisis and without possibility of opening new job positions, as well as bearing in mind the long-term experience of the libraries in developed countries, it can be presumed that volunteering in Croatian libraries will be an ever growing practice. The legal frame for volunteering in the Republic of Croatia was set up by the enactment of the Law on Volunteering which was put into effect in June 2007. Successful introduction of volunteers into an organization presumes familiarity with legal regulations and knowledge about some basic stages of volunteer management. Necessary education and help during this process is given to non-profit organizations by volunteer centers. The text deals with the significance of the volunteering in general and also provides some examples of volunteering in libraries in other countries. Special attention is given to legal regulations in the Republic of Croatia as well as to the basics of volunteer management, including specific examples of the introduction of the volunteers into certain segments of work in the Zagreb City Libraries and of the cooperation of this institution with the Volunteer Center Zagreb. © VBH 2010.},
	author_keywords = {Law on Volunteering (2007); Volunteer management; Volunteering - libraries},
	correspondence_address = {S. Bunić; Knjižnice grada Zagreba, Croatia; email: sanja.bunic@kgz.hr},
	issn = {05071925},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Vjesn. Bibl. Hrvat.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1}
}

@ARTICLE{Paull2015244,
	author = {Paull, Megan and Omari, Maryam},
	title = {Dignity and respect: Important in volunteer settings too!},
	year = {2015},
	journal = {Equality, Diversity and Inclusion},
	volume = {34},
	number = {3},
	pages = {244 – 255},
	doi = {10.1108/EDI-05-2014-0033},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84924412653&doi=10.1108%2fEDI-05-2014-0033&partnerID=40&md5=0130f61fce9eba765ed301914686a393},
	affiliations = {School of Management and Governance, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia; School of Business, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia},
	abstract = {Purpose - Volunteers in some organisations are subject to new protections under legislative amendments in Australia which proscribe workplace bullying. These new protections provide impetus for the question of whether workplace bullying is an issue for (unpaid) volunteers and (paid or unpaid) volunteer managers. The purpose of this paper is to outline key exploratory findings. Design/methodology/approach - This exploratory and descriptive qualitative study employed an online survey to collect data on the experiences of participants and on their perception of what constitutes bullying in volunteering. Findings - The evidence suggests that many of the negative behaviours which might be found in workplaces are also found in volunteering, but there are also aspects unique to this setting. Research limitations/implications - This study was exploratory in nature and will benefit from further expansion and empirical testing. Practical implications - Many respondents reported that they have been subject to, or witnessed events which they considered to be bullying. Recognition of the possibility of bullying in volunteering is a step towards amelioration. Social implications - Volunteering has benefits for individuals and organisations, as well as contributing to social capital. Organisations which are cognisant of, and actively build positive cultures are better able to attract and retain talented and committed volunteers and managers. Originality/value - There is an absence of research relating to workplace bullying in volunteer settings. As context plays a significant role in workplace bullying scenarios, this study opens up a unique perspective to this negative behaviour in a new setting. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.},
	author_keywords = {Inclusion; Nonprofit organizations; Organizational culture; Volunteer settings; Volunteers; Workplace bullying},
	correspondence_address = {M. Paull; School of Management and Governance, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia; email: M.Paull@murdoch.edu.au},
	publisher = {Emerald Group Holdings Ltd.},
	issn = {20407149},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Equal. Diversity Incl.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 15}
}

@ARTICLE{Curran20161234,
	author = {Curran, Ross and Taheri, Babak and MacIntosh, Robert and O’Gorman, Kevin},
	title = {Nonprofit Brand Heritage: Its Ability to Influence Volunteer Retention, Engagement, and Satisfaction},
	year = {2016},
	journal = {Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly},
	volume = {45},
	number = {6},
	pages = {1234 – 1257},
	doi = {10.1177/0899764016633532},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85003856389&doi=10.1177%2f0899764016633532&partnerID=40&md5=e278b4790b2ac368110db0e6b58ab757},
	affiliations = {Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {Volunteer organizations operate in a challenging environment and their management practices toward volunteers have become increasingly influenced by the private sector. This case study explores the impact of brand heritage on the experience of volunteering in such managed environments. We use data from the U.K. Scouts to show that brand heritage has a positive bearing on the level of engagement volunteers experience and on their reported attitude to the way(s) in which they are managed within the volunteer organization. We then use these findings to establish the salience of brand heritage to both long established and recently formed organizations, extending current volunteer management theory; consequently, we suggest volunteer managers utilize the power of brand heritage through unlocking its ability to retain engaged and satisfied volunteers. © 2016, © The Author(s) 2016.},
	author_keywords = {brand heritage; engagement; satisfaction; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {R. Curran; School of Management and Languages, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Mary Burton Building, Gait 11, United Kingdom; email: rwc2@hw.ac.uk},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
	issn = {08997640},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Volunt. Sect. Q.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 42}
}

@ARTICLE{Willems2017726,
	author = {Willems, Jurgen and Dury, Sarah},
	title = {Reasons for not volunteering: overcoming boundaries to attract volunteers},
	year = {2017},
	journal = {Service Industries Journal},
	volume = {37},
	number = {11-12},
	pages = {726 – 745},
	doi = {10.1080/02642069.2017.1318381},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85018815353&doi=10.1080%2f02642069.2017.1318381&partnerID=40&md5=885e997f5cb31d1cff47c72f28f8c2a7},
	affiliations = {Management of Public, Private and Nonprofit Organizations, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Psychology and Educational Science, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium},
	abstract = {Research on volunteering has mainly focused on the explanatory demographics and functional motives to volunteer, but little is known about the reasons that people might have not to volunteer. However, these reasons need more academic attention, as they form the barriers that organizations have to overcome when attracting new volunteers. We examine a sample of 1248 respondents on whether they volunteer, are interested in volunteering, or have no interest to volunteer. We verify whether demographic differences exist between these groups. By means of an exploratory factor analysis, we analyze the reasons not to volunteer for those who have no interest to volunteer. This complements earlier research by focusing on the barriers that people might have, instead of the benefits of volunteering that have extensively been documented. © 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.},
	author_keywords = {boundaries; Volunteer management; volunteer motives},
	keywords = {demography; factor analysis; research; voluntary approach},
	correspondence_address = {J. Willems; Management of Public, Private and Nonprofit Organizations, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; email: jurgen.willems@wiso.uni-hamburg.de},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {02642069},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Serv. Ind. J.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 18}
}

@ARTICLE{Siti Nazilah2012512,
	author = {Siti Nazilah, M.A. and Rozmi, L. and Fauziah, L.},
	title = {Relationship between motivation and organizational commitment among college student volunteers},
	year = {2012},
	journal = {International Business Management},
	volume = {6},
	number = {4},
	pages = {512 – 516},
	doi = {10.3923/ibm.2012.512.516},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84869860224&doi=10.3923%2fibm.2012.512.516&partnerID=40&md5=a72aa4fc8fd2474dce7d039888139760},
	affiliations = {Department of Psychology and Counseling, Faculty of Social Development, University Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia; School of Psychology and Human Development, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, The National University of Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia},
	abstract = {Organizational commitment is an important element for organizational survival. Numerous studies in this area have looked at the organizational commitment of employees and there is lack of empirical research regarding organizational commitment of volunteers especially college student volunteers. This study aims to investigating the relationship between motivation and organizational commitment among college student volunteers. A quantitative correlation research method was used to collect data. A self-administered questionnaire comprised of a demographic, an adaptation of Volunteer Function Inventory (VFI) and Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ) was administered to 350 samples from four public universities in Peninsular Malaysia. They were proportionately and randomly selected in the study. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential analysis. The results of the study revealed that overall motivation, altruistic, understanding, self-enhancement and self-protection subscale were positively correlated to organizational commitment. The implications for college student volunteers' managerial practices are discussed and put forward. © Medwell Journals, 2012.},
	author_keywords = {College student Malaysia; Motivation; Organizational commitment; Volunteers},
	issn = {19935250},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Int. Bus. Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 8; All Open Access, Bronze Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Paull2017122,
	author = {Paull, Megan and Omari, Maryam and MacCallum, Judith and Young, Susan and Walker, Gabrielle and Holmes, Kirsten and Haski-Leventhal, Debbie and Scott, Rowena},
	title = {Matching expectations for successful university student volunteering},
	year = {2017},
	journal = {Education and Training},
	volume = {59},
	number = {2},
	pages = {122 – 134},
	doi = {10.1108/ET-03-2016-0052},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85008335016&doi=10.1108%2fET-03-2016-0052&partnerID=40&md5=9b4139b0143bba5ba63c012c6383cd9b},
	affiliations = {Centre for Responsible Citizenship and Sustainability, School of Business and Governance, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia; School of Business and Law, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia; School of Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia; School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia; School of Management and Governance, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia; School of Marketing, Curtin University, Perth, Australia; Macquarie Graduate School of Management, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia},
	abstract = {Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the importance of expectation formation and matching for university student volunteers and their hosts. Design/methodology/approach: This research involved a multi-stage data collection process including interviews with student volunteers, and university and host representatives from six Australian universities. The project team undertook an iterative process of coding and interpretation to identify themes and develop understanding of the phenomenon. Findings: University student volunteering has the potential to fail to meet the expectations of at least one of the parties to the relationship when the expectations of the parties are not clearly articulated. Universities operating volunteer programmes have an important role in facilitating expectation formation and matching, minimising the chances of mismatched expectations. Research limitations/implications: The study confirms the operation of a psychological contract for university student volunteers and organisations who host them which is consistent with other research in volunteering demonstrating the importance of matching expectations. Practical implications: The paper identifies the importance of expectation formation and matching for hosts and students, and highlights the role of universities in facilitating matchmaking. Originality/value: This paper contributes to the growing body of research on the role of the psychological contract in volunteering, in particular in university student volunteering and host organisations. © 2017, © Emerald Publishing Limited.},
	author_keywords = {Learning; Psychological contract; Student volunteer management; Universities; University student volunteers; Volunteering},
	correspondence_address = {M. Paull; Centre for Responsible Citizenship and Sustainability, School of Business and Governance, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia; email: m.paull@murdoch.edu.au},
	publisher = {Emerald Group Publishing Ltd.},
	issn = {00400912},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Educ. Train.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 12}
}

@ARTICLE{Pantea2013564,
	author = {Pantea, Maria-Carmen},
	title = {Young people in cross-national volunteering: Perceptions of unfairness},
	year = {2013},
	journal = {Journal of Social and Personal Relationships},
	volume = {30},
	number = {5},
	pages = {564 – 581},
	doi = {10.1177/0265407512462682},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84880489622&doi=10.1177%2f0265407512462682&partnerID=40&md5=5f0c0cb602fecc38fc7772e7190c6710},
	affiliations = {Babes Bolyai University, Cluj Napoca 400604, Bd. 21 Decembrie, 1989, Nr. 126-130, Romania},
	abstract = {This qualitative study explores young people's perceptions of unfairness when involved in cross-border volunteering. It extends the theoretical understanding of volunteering, by adding to the notion of barriers of access, the idea that poor volunteer management may pose obstacles in the process of volunteering. The research indicates that the young people are not passive, but justice-sensitive when faced with situations perceived as unfair. It argues that volunteering is prone to the same patterns of responding to dissatisfaction that have been researched for employment. Yet, this article adds a fifth generic decision types for quitting, namely quitting as an ethically minded statement of disapproval. This demonstrates that the tendency to invariably position young people as "morally responsible" for dropping out is often limiting and reproduces structural intergenerational power. Ultimately, the article seeks to improve organizations' knowledge on "what does not work," for the purpose of advancing the ethical management of international volunteering. © The Author(s) 2012.},
	author_keywords = {cross-border volunteering; quitting; volunteer organizations; Young volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {M.-C. Pantea; Babes Bolyai University, Cluj Napoca 400604, Bd. 21 Decembrie, 1989, Nr. 126-130, Romania; email: pantea@policy.hu},
	issn = {14603608},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Soc. Pers. Relatsh.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 6}
}

@ARTICLE{Jacobs201726,
	author = {Jacobs, Molly S.},
	title = {Why Can’t You Just Follow the Rules? Volunteer Rule Breaking and Disruptive Behavior},
	year = {2017},
	journal = {Voluntas},
	volume = {28},
	number = {1},
	pages = {26 – 43},
	doi = {10.1007/s11266-016-9784-2},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84986250554&doi=10.1007%2fs11266-016-9784-2&partnerID=40&md5=5a33a76f0ce46db92189adb97d2dd387},
	affiliations = {Department of Sociology, University of California, Los Angeles, 264 Haines Hall, 375 Portola Plaza, Los Angeles, 90095-1551, CA, United States},
	abstract = {While the benefits volunteers offer nonprofit organizations are substantial, they can also cause problems for these groups. In an environment where people willingly donate their time and energy to a cause that they ostensibly support, why is disruptive behavior so common? This ethnographic study of volunteers at an animal shelter identifies the factors that lead to problematic behavior. The paper argues that disruptions occur when there is a mismatch between the needs of the volunteer and the needs of the organization and because of structural conditions that lead to uncertainty among volunteers. These findings shed light on volunteer behavior broadly and present the opportunity to address disruptive behavior. As a result, the benefits volunteers provide for an organization can be maximized. © 2016, International Society for Third-Sector Research and The Johns Hopkins University.},
	author_keywords = {Disruptive Behavior; Nonprofits; Volunteer Management; Volunteers},
	keywords = {Animalia; ethnography; nonprofit organization; social behavior; voluntary approach},
	correspondence_address = {M.S. Jacobs; Department of Sociology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, 264 Haines Hall, 375 Portola Plaza, 90095-1551, United States; email: msjacobs13@ucla.edu},
	publisher = {Springer New York LLC},
	issn = {09578765},
	coden = {VOLUE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Voluntas},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 7}
}

@ARTICLE{Littlepage2012305,
	author = {Littlepage, Laura and Gazley, Beth and Bennett, Teresa A.},
	title = {Service learning from the supply side: Community capacity to engage students},
	year = {2012},
	journal = {Nonprofit Management and Leadership},
	volume = {22},
	number = {3},
	pages = {305 – 320},
	doi = {10.1002/nml.20056},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84867392272&doi=10.1002%2fnml.20056&partnerID=40&md5=12e3a80528dc4b1edab8efc4e1ec60e9},
	affiliations = {Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, United States; Indiana University-Bloomington, United States},
	abstract = {The rapid increase in the use of service learning raises important public policy questions about who is being served and whether partner agencies have the capacity to meet student demand for community-based experiences. This article uses a large sample of nonprofit organizations and a comparative framework to examine the characteristics of partner agencies and the scope and nature of college student community involvement. Multivariate analysis tests these factors on a community agency's ability to engage more students, particularly service learners. The findings are generally optimistic about agency willingness to involve students, suggesting widespread community benefits from their involvement. While organizational size and capacity predict current student engagement, an agency's past experience with students and its perceptions of student benefits have the greatest impact on its willingness to take on future students. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
	author_keywords = {Education; Service learning; Universities and colleges; Volunteer management capacity; Volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {L. Littlepage; School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indianapolis, IN 46204, 334 N. Senate Ave., United States; email: llittlep@iupui.edu},
	issn = {15427854},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Manage. Leadersh.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 30}
}

@ARTICLE{Gazley20121029,
	author = {Gazley, Beth and Littlepage, Laura and Bennett, Teresa A.},
	title = {What About the Host Agency? Nonprofit Perspectives on Community-Based Student Learning and Volunteering},
	year = {2012},
	journal = {Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly},
	volume = {41},
	number = {6},
	pages = {1029 – 1050},
	doi = {10.1177/0899764012438698},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84869407235&doi=10.1177%2f0899764012438698&partnerID=40&md5=01bb987c46bf7c76ca8560e9b9980432},
	affiliations = {Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, 1315 East 10th Street, United States; Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, United States},
	abstract = {College student volunteerism and interest in community-based learning are on the rise. Are communities ready for them? This article examines the "supply side" of student engagement: nonprofit capacity to accommodate students. Our analysis of a large random sample of nonprofit managers in two contrasting communities finds that many of the volunteer management (VM) functions assumed to be important in any volunteer context also are important to student engagement. We also find role differentiation between interns, service learners, and general volunteers in the VM tools used to engage these students and the outcomes that can be expected. Despite variation in reported outcomes, nonprofit managers consider some aspects of VM to be essential to all campus-community partnerships. We find that each type of student involvement contributes to organizational capacity in specific ways and that student engagement depends on adequate VM capacity (VMC). Our conclusion discusses how the findings challenge service learning as presently formulated. © The Author(s) 2012.},
	author_keywords = {service learning; student-community engagement; volunteer management capacity},
	correspondence_address = {B. Gazley; Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, 1315 East 10th Street, United States; email: bgazley@indiana.edu},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
	issn = {08997640},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Volunt. Sect. Q.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 31}
}

@ARTICLE{Soakell-Ho2011212,
	author = {Soakell-Ho, Michelle and Myers, Michael D.},
	title = {Knowledge management challenges for nongovernment organizations: The health and disability sector in New Zealand},
	year = {2011},
	journal = {VINE},
	volume = {41},
	number = {2},
	pages = {212 – 228},
	doi = {10.1108/03055721111134826},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-79955935773&doi=10.1108%2f03055721111134826&partnerID=40&md5=cea886739a600db0ec761df67a4a42e6},
	affiliations = {Department of Information Systems and Operations Management, University of Auckland Business School, Auckland, New Zealand},
	abstract = {Purpose: The introduction of competitive tendering and contracting and a lack of transparent funding processes has seen a move towards greater contestability of services in the nongovernment organization (NGO) sector. To ameliorate this situation requires a sound understanding of knowledge management (KM) practices. However, not all NGOs have been equally successful at embracing KM principles. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to explore the KM challenges faced by New Zealand NGOs in the health and disability sector. Design/methodology/approach: Using qualitative research methods, specifically interpretive case study research, the authors studied the KM practices of nine NGOs in the health and disability sector in New Zealand. Qualitative data were obtained from documents and semi-structured interviews following a dramaturgical approach. Findings: The findings suggest many barriers to successful implementation of KM in NGOs; some of the most important ones being related to organizational structure and culture. Specifically, tensions between local and national organizational branches, difficulty integrating volunteers and complex funding arrangements are key challenges faced by NGOs in the health and disability sector. Originality/value: Existing literature suggests that volunteer turnover is a serious impediment to successful KM implementation. The authors' research suggests that volunteer integration, more so than turnover, is an issue. The research also reports on an underlying tension between commercialization and the inherent service culture of the sector. This paper makes recommendations for improved volunteer management and suggests that there is a clear opportunity for better KM systems and practices in the NGO sector. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.},
	author_keywords = {Health care; Knowledge management; New Zealand; Non-governmental organizations; Organizational structures},
	correspondence_address = {M. Soakell-Ho; Department of Information Systems and Operations Management, University of Auckland Business School, Auckland, New Zealand; email: m.soakell@auckland.ac.nz},
	issn = {14741032},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {VINE},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 5}
}

@ARTICLE{Warner2011391,
	author = {Warner, Stacy and Newland, Brianna L. and Green, B. Christine},
	title = {More than motivation: Reconsidering volunteer management tools},
	year = {2011},
	journal = {Journal of Sport Management},
	volume = {25},
	number = {5},
	pages = {391 – 407},
	doi = {10.1123/jsm.25.5.391},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-82555186893&doi=10.1123%2fjsm.25.5.391&partnerID=40&md5=21249af9063aa729a37d048c53eb8292},
	affiliations = {Dept. of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States; School of International Business, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Dept. of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States},
	abstract = {Volunteers provide an essential human resource to sport organizations. Yet measures of motivation and satisfaction have had limited impact on an organization's ability to improve their volunteer systems. This study applied the Kano Method to categorize volunteers' perceptions of their experience into four dimensions of satisfaction: Attractive (or Satisfiers), Must-Be's (or Dissatisfiers), One-Dimensional, and Indifferent. Four types of volunteers (44 sport continuous, 47 sport episodic, 49 nonsport continuous, 176 nonsport episodic) completed a web questionnaire including 26-paired features of their experience, 26 motives, and five key outcome measures. Although motives were deemed important, alone they were poor predictors of key outcomes and were unrelated to satisfaction. Volunteers in the four contexts classified the 26 features in different ways. No Must-Be's (dissatisfiers) were identified by any group. Although most features were identified as Attractive, the distribution of One-Dimensional and Indifferent features varied by context. One-dimensional items were only identified among features categorized as Supportive Culture, Clear Direction, and Contribution. These features should be prioritized as managers improve volunteer management systems. The Kano Method extends our understanding of the volunteer experience by providing researchers with a tool to distinguish the way volunteers conceptualize their experience. From a practical standpoint, it provides volunteer managers with an additional tool in their efforts to recruit and retain volunteers by prioritizing features that will most immediately impact volunteers.},
	publisher = {Human Kinetics Publishers Inc.},
	issn = {08884773},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Sport Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 63}
}

@ARTICLE{Phelan201552,
	author = {Phelan, S. and Fitzgerald, T. and Grant, J. and Byrne, S. and Meade, C. and Mullins, E.},
	title = {Propensity for seed-mediated gene flow from potato crops and potential consequences for the coexistence of GM and non-GM potato systems},
	year = {2015},
	journal = {European Journal of Agronomy},
	volume = {67},
	pages = {52 – 60},
	doi = {10.1016/j.eja.2015.03.002},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84926302153&doi=10.1016%2fj.eja.2015.03.002&partnerID=40&md5=bb61906fe7c182445d8d561472250f27},
	affiliations = {Department of Crop Science, Crops Environment and Land Use Programme, Teagasc Oak Park, Carlow, Ireland; Department of Biology, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Maynooth, Ireland; Teagasc Statistics and Applied Physics, Research Operations Group, Ashtown, Dublin 15, Ireland},
	abstract = {Potato is a critical crop to European growers, both economically and agronomically as a break crop in the standard cereal rotation. As studies investigating the agronomic performance and environmental impact of disease resistant, GM potatoes come to an end across several sites in Europe, past discussions on achieving the effective coexistence of GM and equivalent non-GM crops have too often focussed on the purported risk of excessive pollen-mediated gene flow. Dependent on the crop in question, the impact of seed loss pre- and/or post-harvest presents a greater challenge to securing efficient coexistence practises. To examine this issue for potato, a total of 51 fields that had been commercially cultivated with potatoes were surveyed in two separate cohorts for post-harvest tuber loss and/or volunteer emergence. Across 17 fields studied, the average post-harvest tuber loss was recorded at 141,758±911 tubers ha-1, with volunteer establishment in the following crop ranging from 400±59ha-1 to 55,698±47ha-1. In parallel, by surveying a separate cohort of 34 commercial fields an average of 30,789±2658 volunteer ha-1 was recorded in the subsequent cereal crop, with a repeat survey made after an additional year indicating an 87.2% reduction in this mean number of volunteers across the 34 fields (P<0.001). Of the additional variables studied only location (P<0.001), herbicide application (P=0.037) and potato variety used (P=0.045) significantly influenced volunteer proliferation. Volunteer fecundity was confirmed with upto 3 tubers produced per 1st generation volunteer, with tuber yield from the 2nd generation volunteers reduced significantly (P<0.001). Assessments of the tuber lots from these 2nd generation volunteers confirmed their ability to sprout post-dormancy, therefore, indicating the potential for 3rd generation volunteers to emerge. Combined, the datasets confirm the potential for significant seed-mediated gene flow from commercial potato systems; indicating that the regulated 0.9% coexistence threshold would in all probability be compromised if GM potatoes were grown in rotations of 1:4 years or less, in the absence of a comprehensive tuber loss and/or volunteer management system. © 2015 Elsevier B.V.},
	author_keywords = {Coexistence; GM; Ireland; Potato; Volunteers},
	keywords = {Ireland; Solanum tuberosum; agronomy; coexistence; crop rotation; cultivar; dormancy; fecundity; gene flow; genetically modified organism; herbicide; potato; tuber},
	publisher = {Elsevier},
	issn = {11610301},
	coden = {EJAGE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Eur. J. Agron.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 2; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Principi2012685,
	author = {Principi, Andrea and Lindley, Robert and Perek-Bialas, Jolanta and Turek, Konrad},
	title = {Volunteering in older age: An organizational perspective},
	year = {2012},
	journal = {International Journal of Manpower},
	volume = {33},
	number = {6},
	pages = {685 – 703},
	doi = {10.1108/01437721211261822},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84865708020&doi=10.1108%2f01437721211261822&partnerID=40&md5=5f8f218c35da2ce404a0a5d7c993e0fd},
	affiliations = {National Institute of Health and Science on Aging (INRCA), Ancona, Italy; Institute for Employment Research, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom; Warsaw School of Economics, Warsaw, Poland; Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland},
	abstract = {Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to shed light on organizational perceptions of the advantages and disadvantages of engaging older volunteers, and on how they might best capitalize on the availability of older volunteers in different countries and sectors. Design/methodology/approach: The paper draws from 74 case studies of voluntary organizations carried out in eight European countries, conducted mainly between spring 2009 and autumn 2010. On-site interviews adopting common guidelines were carried out with organizational representatives. Findings: From the organizational perspectives, some disadvantages of engaging older volunteers are: difficulties matching older volunteers to tasks; problems relating to health and declining capacities; the need for special training efforts. Examples of perceived advantages are: considerable knowledge, skills, experience, reliability and strong commitment of older volunteers. In spite of the very different contexts, objectives and notions of "performance", cost-benefit assessments of older volunteers do not differ greatly from those generally held by employers about older employees. Countries differ considerably in the recognition of older volunteer potential. Practical implications: Organizational policies and initiatives to capitalize on the availability of older volunteers are examined in the paper. Country and sector-related reflections show how different and changing are the environments for volunteering. Policy makers need to recognise these when implementing active ageing policies. Voluntary organizations should raise their awareness of the need for innovation in volunteer management, especially relating to older people. Originality/value: There has been much research about the experiences of older volunteers and how they benefit from the operations of civil society organizations. The perceptions of the organizations have, however, been neglected and these are explored in this paper. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.},
	author_keywords = {Active ageing; Elderly people; Human resource management; Older volunteers; Organizational perspective; Voluntary organizations},
	correspondence_address = {A. Principi; National Institute of Health and Science on Aging (INRCA), Ancona, Italy; email: a.principi@inrca.it},
	issn = {01437720},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Int. J. Manpow.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 13}
}

@ARTICLE{Gottlieb201365,
	author = {Gottlieb, Benjamin H. and Maitland, Scott B. and Shera, Wes},
	title = {Take this job and love it: A model of support, job satisfaction, and affective commitment among managers of volunteers},
	year = {2013},
	journal = {Journal of Community Psychology},
	volume = {41},
	number = {1},
	pages = {65 – 83},
	doi = {10.1002/jcop.21514},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84871145515&doi=10.1002%2fjcop.21514&partnerID=40&md5=94eb413c06aa4133e2018fbdf6be8317},
	affiliations = {University of Guelph, Canada; University of Toronto, Canada},
	abstract = {Several job-related and organizational features make the work of community-based paid managers of volunteers distinctly different from conventional management practice. Based on self-verification (Swann & Brown, 1990) and exchange (Blau, 1964) theories, we tested a multidimensional measurement model of support specific to these managers. The dimensions include support gained from their coworkers, volunteers, and supervisors, and from the prosocial, value-expressive nature of the work. This model of support predicted the managers' job satisfaction, which mediated the relationship between support and affective commitment, with value-expressive work being the strongest predictor. Both the measurement model of support and the structural predictive model were found to be invariant across managers with greater and less than 10 years of work experience. The findings spotlight the importance of sources of workplace support that shore up employees' valued identities. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
	correspondence_address = {B.H. Gottlieb; Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; email: bgottlie@uoguelph.ca},
	issn = {15206629},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Community Psychol.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 4}
}

@ARTICLE{Lassiter20141,
	author = {Lassiter, Kyle and Alwahishie, Abdelwahab and Taaffe, Kevin},
	title = {Improving volunteer productivity and retention during humanitarian relief efforts},
	year = {2014},
	journal = {International Journal of Supply Chain Management},
	volume = {3},
	number = {2},
	pages = {1 – 10},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84949813597&partnerID=40&md5=9bbda23cf106c3e1a45a01b4133c5833},
	affiliations = {Department of Industrial Engineering, Clemson University, 110 Freeman Hall, Clemson, 29634-0920, SC, United States; Department of Industrial Engineering, Clemson University, United States},
	abstract = {In the aftermath of a disaster, humanitarian organizations quickly assemble a workforce that can immediately serve a community's needs. However, these needs change over time, and the volunteer base (and their skill sets) also changes over time. In this paper, a mathematical programming model is formulated to solve a volunteer assignment problem in which beneficiaries' needs are addressed based on how many volunteers are assigned to each of the levels of needs. In addition, we also examine the changes in these volunteer assignments based on several key cost parameters, need likelihood scenarios, and volunteer training opportunities. Under various demand scenarios, the optimum decision is to begin training some unskilled volunteers early in the response period even when the shortterm, unskilled task demands are still high, in preparation for the more skilled, long-term task demands that are yet to come. Humanitarian relief organization managers who generally feel as though a peak of long-term/skilled volunteer task demands will come at some point during the disaster response should strongly consider allowing volunteer training assignments. © ExcelingTech Pub, UK.},
	author_keywords = {Humanitarian aid; Optimization; Resource assignment; Training; Volunteer management},
	publisher = {ExcelingTech Publishers},
	issn = {20513771},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Int. J. Supply Chain Manag.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 13}
}

@ARTICLE{Kang2016102,
	author = {Kang, Minjeong},
	title = {Moderating effects of identification on volunteer engagement: An exploratory study of a faith-based charity organization},
	year = {2016},
	journal = {Journal of Communication Management},
	volume = {20},
	number = {2},
	pages = {102 – 117},
	doi = {10.1108/JCOM-08-2014-0051},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84962812104&doi=10.1108%2fJCOM-08-2014-0051&partnerID=40&md5=57780185627728bd1b8c355769919061},
	affiliations = {Department of Journalism, The Media School, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States},
	abstract = {Purpose – Volunteers are often crucial components to many nonprofit organizations as their financial resources continue to decline. Volunteer activities in the nonprofit sector provide a broad range of services from administrative support (24 percent) such as fundraising and office work to providing social service and care (20 percent) such as preparing and delivering food, teaching, or counseling. The purpose of this paper is to examine the influences of important factors in creating volunteers’ engagement with nonprofit organizations. Design/methodology/approach – The population of the proposed survey was volunteers of a faith-based nonprofit organization in the Northeast region of USA. The organization is a synod that oversees more than 1,000 Presbyterian churches over eight states in the Northeast region of the USA. The primary focus of its mission is prison ministry that aims to help imprisoned immigrants and their families with legal and other necessary supports. With help from the organization’s management, the researcher sent out an online survey to 1,973 eligible volunteers, with response rate of 29.90 percent (AAPOR RR1). This resulted in a total sample size of 590 volunteers who completed the survey. Findings – This study found that, when the level of identification was higher, the influence of satisfaction on affective commitment became greater. Therefore, for this nonprofit organization that heavily relies on volunteer support, it is important to establish and maintain a mutually agreeable identification with its volunteers to foster volunteer engagement. Volunteer-organization identification seemed particularly crucial for volunteers to be empowered and to become actively involved with the case organization. Also, when individual volunteers identified themselves with the nonprofit organization, there was a greater influence of satisfaction with the organization on their engagement in their voluntary work. Research limitations/implications – This study’s findings suggest that for a nonprofit organization that heavily relies on volunteer support, it is important to establish and maintain a mutually agreeable identification with its volunteers to foster volunteer engagement. Volunteer-organization identification seemed particularly crucial for volunteers to be empowered and to become actively involved with the case organization. Due to the exploratory nature of the study with the survey data from a single nonprofit organization, the application of the research findings beyond the scope of this study should be made cautiously. Especially, given various kinds of nonprofit organizations, the specific context of this study’s nonprofit organization (i.e. faith-based charity organization) would limit the general application of research findings. Practical implications – This study also suggests a sound measure of volunteer engagement. For management of volunteer engagement, the suggested measurement system can be helpful for management of nonprofit organizations and further research in nonprofit public relations. Originality/value – Extra-role behaviors and organizational citizenship behaviors have been identified as manifest characteristics of both employee and customer engagement and this link has yet to be explored in the nonprofit sector for volunteering and cause-advocating behaviors. The current study adopts engagement as an important motivational variable to understand volunteer motivations and suggests satisfaction with nonprofit organization management and volunteer-organization identification as important antecedents to volunteer engagement. © 2016, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.},
	author_keywords = {Engagement; Identification; Nonprofit organization; Volunteer management},
	correspondence_address = {M. Kang; Department of Journalism, The Media School, Indiana University, Bloomington, United States; email: kang60@indiana.edu},
	publisher = {Emerald Group Publishing Ltd.},
	issn = {1363254X},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Comm. Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 23}
}

@ARTICLE{Ruiz2016272,
	author = {Ruiz, Elvira Medina and Marcos-Matás, Gustavo and Tornero, Manuel Enrique Medina},
	title = {Older volunteers’ intention to remain in service in nonprofit organisations; [Intención de permanencia de personas mayores voluntarias en organizaciones sin ánimo de lucro]},
	year = {2016},
	journal = {Psicothema},
	volume = {28},
	number = {3},
	pages = {272 – 277},
	doi = {10.7334/psicothema2016.20},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84978946452&doi=10.7334%2fpsicothema2016.20&partnerID=40&md5=02e4f47c44b1e9fd6965aec1f55e0fd3},
	affiliations = {Universidad de Murcia, Spain},
	abstract = {Background: The presence of older volunteers in third-sector organisations has increased in recent years. In this sense, it is important to know what institutions can do in order to retain these volunteers. The present study analyses organisational support to volunteers and their satisfaction with the tasks they perform as explanatory factors of satisfaction with organisational management and the relationship between the organisation and volunteers’ intention of remaining in service. Method: The sample was made up of 172 volunteers over 60, living in the Region of Murcia. Results: The analysis of structural equations revealed the relationship between degree of satisfaction with the management and the intention of remaining in service. The influence of organisational support and task satisfaction on the degree of satisfaction with management was also examined. Conclusions: The degree of satisfaction with management has shown to be an important predictor of older volunteers’ intention of remaining in service. These findings have important implications on how organisations manage volunteerism and the relationship between paid staff and volunteers. © 2016 Psicothema.},
	author_keywords = {Nonprofit; Older volunteers; Organisational support; Satisfaction; Volunteer management},
	keywords = {Aged; Female; Humans; Intention; Job Satisfaction; Male; Organizations, Nonprofit; Volunteers; aged; behavior; female; human; job satisfaction; male; non profit organization; organization and management; psychology; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {E.M. Ruiz; Facultad de Trabajo Social, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, 30008, Spain; email: emedina@um.es},
	publisher = {Colegio Oficial de Psicologos Asturias},
	issn = {02149915},
	pmid = {27448260},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Psicothema},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 3; All Open Access, Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Waikayi2012349,
	author = {Waikayi, Loise and Fearon, Colm and Morris, Lynn and Mclaughlin, Heather},
	title = {Volunteer management: An exploratory case study within the British Red Cross},
	year = {2012},
	journal = {Management Decision},
	volume = {50},
	number = {3},
	pages = {349 – 367},
	doi = {10.1108/00251741211216188},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84858385972&doi=10.1108%2f00251741211216188&partnerID=40&md5=eda1ff7a01567d5d9501ed631ceb83c5},
	affiliations = {The Business School, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {Increasingly, post credit crunch, organisations are seeking to develop new ways of attracting, recruiting and retaining staff in the UK high street for less or even no financial reward. The aim of this paper is to investigate volunteerism and volunteer management, based on an exploratory case study of two British Red Cross (BRC) shops. It also aims to examine the reasons why people volunteer and why they keep doing so in the context of BRC, as a charitable organisation. An exploratory case was used to gain an insight into how BRC recruit and retain volunteer staff. This was achieved by interviewing volunteers and the shop management personnel. An overview of BRC structures, strategic direction and views on volunteerism is also developed as part of the case study. Exploratory findings from the research show that people decide to volunteer mainly for a variety of reasons such as social interaction, to carry out work that is valued in the local community and for self-satisfaction. Volunteer satisfaction is derived from helping BRC to help others and also being part of The Red Cross. Volunteer retention is attributed to a proactive management style in terms of creating a favourable work environment. The shop manager's leadership skills are crucial in establishing a friendly and positive attitude towards volunteers. In addition, youth volunteers are attracted in order to gain work experience and learn new skills. The study is exploratory, based on preliminary interview findings from 17 informants in two BRC shops. However, the insight gained helps in understanding the reasons why volunteerism is successful within the BRC. The paper can help policy makers reflect and decide on useful tactics and strategy for developing and improving volunteer management within the retail sector. There is a paucity of literature in relation to retailing and volunteerism and this study contributes to the literature by identifying reasons why this charity has been so successful in attracting and retaining volunteers. © 2012, Emerald Group Publishing Limited},
	author_keywords = {Charities; Recruitment; United Kingdom; Volunteer management; Volunteer recruitment; Volunteer retention; Volunteerism},
	issn = {00251747},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Manage. Decis.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 35}
}

@ARTICLE{Brock2017412,
	author = {Brock, Cara M. and Herndon, Christopher M.},
	title = {A Survey of Hospice Volunteer Coordinators: Training Methods and Objectives of Current Hospice Volunteer Training Programs},
	year = {2017},
	journal = {American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine},
	volume = {34},
	number = {5},
	pages = {412 – 416},
	doi = {10.1177/1049909115625961},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85019252388&doi=10.1177%2f1049909115625961&partnerID=40&md5=86de1acbc055181f293a37a68cd0d5d1},
	affiliations = {College of Pharmacy, Roosevelt University, Schaumburg, IL, United States; School of Pharmacy, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, United States},
	abstract = {Introduction: Currently more than 5800 hospice organizations operate in the United States.1 Hospice organizations are required by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) to use volunteers for services provided to patients.2 Although CMS regulates the amount of hours hospice volunteers should provide, there are currently no national requirements for objectives of training.3 The purpose of this study was to gather information from a sample of hospices regarding volunteer coordinator background, current training for volunteers, importance of training objectives, and any comments regarding additional objectives. Methods: Representative state hospice organizations were contacted by e-mail requesting their participation and distribution of the survey throughout their member hospices. The survey asked demographical questions, along with ratings of training components based on perceived level of importance and time spent on each objective. Results: A total of 90 surveys were received, and the response rate was undeterminable. Results showed the majority of hospices were nonprofit, had less than 100 currently trained volunteers, and maintained an average daily patient census of less than 50. Questions regarding training programs indicated that most use live lecture methods of approximately 19 hours or less in duration. Overall, responding hospice organizations agreed that all objectives surveyed were important in training volunteers. Conclusion: The small number of respondents to this survey makes generalization nationwide difficult, however it is a strong starting point for the development of further surveys on hospice volunteer training and achieving a standardized set of training objectives and delivery methods. © 2016, © The Author(s) 2016.},
	author_keywords = {hospice; objectives; training program; volunteer; volunteer coordinator},
	keywords = {Female; Hospice Care; Humans; Inservice Training; Male; Time Factors; United States; Volunteers; e-mail; female; hospice; human; human tissue; major clinical study; male; medicaid; medicare; organization; training; volunteer; education; female; hospice care; in service training; male; organization and management; statistics and numerical data; time factor; United States; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {C.M. Brock; College of Pharmacy, Roosevelt University, Schaumburg, 1400 N. Roosevelt Blvd, Office 245, 60173, United States; email: cbrock@roosevelt.edu},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
	issn = {10499091},
	pmid = {26764343},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Am. J. Hospice Palliative Med.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 6}
}

@ARTICLE{Nesbit2013164,
	author = {Nesbit, Rebecca and Rimes, Heather and Christensen, Robert K. and Brudney, Jeffrey L.},
	title = {Inadvertent Volunteer Managers: Exploring Perceptions of Volunteer Managers’ and Volunteers’ Roles in the Public Workplace},
	year = {2013},
	journal = {Review of Public Personnel Administration},
	volume = {36},
	number = {2},
	pages = {164 – 187},
	doi = {10.1177/0734371X15576409},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84966659126&doi=10.1177%2f0734371X15576409&partnerID=40&md5=90659350745b4f2a52040c874376f50a},
	affiliations = {University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States; University of North Carolina Wilmington, NC, United States},
	abstract = {Although a voluminous literature addresses organizational change, employee stress, and organizational behavior, we have little understanding of employees’ responses to being assigned the role and responsibilities of a volunteer manager. Because many public and nonprofit organizations seek to incorporate more volunteers—especially during times of fiscal stress—employees’ responses to an influx of volunteers and additional volunteer management responsibilities can affect organizational performance. We use data from a case study at a large public library system to illustrate how role theory helps advance our understanding of these responsibilities in a human resource context. Our findings suggest that role perceptions, expectations, and conflict all inform the effectiveness and dynamics of managing important unpaid human resources: volunteers. We discuss the organizational implications of inadvertent volunteer managers—employees assigned to the volunteer manager role without prior training and experience. © 2015, The Author(s) 2015.},
	author_keywords = {role theory; volunteer coordination; volunteer experience; volunteer management; volunteering},
	correspondence_address = {R. Nesbit; Department of Public Administration and Policy, University of Georgia, Athens, 203C Baldwin Hall, 30602-1615, United States; email: nesbit7@uga.edu},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
	issn = {0734371X},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Rev. Public Pers. Adm.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 14}
}

@ARTICLE{Warren2013131,
	author = {Warren, Pamela S},
	title = {Respecting cancer committee members as volunteers: tools for the cancer registrar.},
	year = {2013},
	journal = {Journal of registry management},
	volume = {40},
	number = {3},
	pages = {131 – 132},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84902955213&partnerID=40&md5=f3e765014e1c11666360aa6db2fbffae},
	abstract = {Most cancer registrars work with cancer committees and are challenged by the many struggles associated with maintaining compliance with the Commission on Cancer standards regarding attendance and participation. Facilitymandated participation may improve the attendance of those participants who are employed by the facility, but even then, fully engaged involvement often remains elusive. Ironically, it is often the cancer registrar who is held responsible for finding ways to keep the cancer committee engaged. Viewing and respecting cancer committee members as volunteers offers the cancer registrar a unique opportunity to utilize the tools of volunteer management to meet these challenges. Several techniques were taken from experts in the field of volunteer management and adapted for use with cancer committees.},
	keywords = {Advisory Committees; Committee Membership; Humans; Neoplasms; United States; Volunteers; advisory committee; article; human; neoplasm; organization and management; United States; volunteer},
	issn = {19456123},
	pmid = {24643216},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J Registry Manag},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Kim20161,
	author = {Kim, Jung Wook and Jung, Kyujin},
	title = {Does voluntary organizations’ preparedness matter in enhancing emergency management of county governments?},
	year = {2016},
	journal = {Lex Localis},
	volume = {14},
	number = {1},
	pages = {1 – 17},
	doi = {10.4335/14.1.1-17(2016)},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84955291244&doi=10.4335%2f14.1.1-17%282016%29&partnerID=40&md5=7203c415a72423e9f9cf34c7258c95a6},
	affiliations = {Department of Public Administration, 1155 Union Circle #310617, Denton, 76203-5017, TX, United States; Department of Public Administration, College of Public Service and Urban Affairs, Tennessee State University, 330 10th Avenue N, Nashville, 37203-3401, TN, United States},
	abstract = {While voluntary organizations have played a critical role in preparing for and responding to disasters, few have intentionally examined the preparedness of voluntary organizations, which are fundamentally required to enhance local emergency management. The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between the preparedness of voluntary organizations and their effectiveness on local emergency management. By using a survey data collected among county governments in the United States, this research tests the effect of voluntary organizations’ preparedness on local emergency management. The results show that the voluntary organizations’ preparedness behaviours such as their participation, in local emergency planning as well as training, education, and resources for local emergency management positively affect their effectiveness on local emergency management. The findings imply that systemic volunteer management systems through cohesive and comprehensive collaboration between public and voluntary organizations. © 2016 Lex localis.},
	author_keywords = {County government; Disaster preparedness; Emergency management; Voluntary organization},
	correspondence_address = {J.W. Kim; Department of Public Administration, Denton, 1155 Union Circle #310617, 76203-5017, United States; email: jungwook.kim@unt.edu},
	publisher = {Institut za Lokalno Samoupravo in Javna Narocila Maribor},
	issn = {15815374},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Lex Localis},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 7}
}

@ARTICLE{Weiss-Gal2015586,
	author = {Weiss-Gal, Idit and Caduri, Aviva},
	title = {Social workers and volunteers in Israel},
	year = {2015},
	journal = {Journal of Social Work},
	volume = {15},
	number = {6},
	pages = {586 – 605},
	doi = {10.1177/1468017314552157},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84945138876&doi=10.1177%2f1468017314552157&partnerID=40&md5=ffe8929406cc37d9b63ec192647ce5c7},
	affiliations = {Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Israel; Volunteer Department, Social Services, Haifa, Israel},
	abstract = {Summary: This study examines factors associated with Israeli social workers’ investment of effort in, and inclusion of, volunteers in their work. The variables are drawn from three theories: status characteristic theory, psychological contract theory, and organizational culture theory, and from claims regarding training in working with volunteers. The sample consisted of 118 randomly selected direct social workers in 26 municipal social service departments in Israel. The instruments were designed specifically for the study. Findings: Social workers’ effort investment and inclusion increased when they: (a) viewed volunteers as contributing to social workers and the organization; (b) expected themselves to invest effort in their volunteers; (c) believed their volunteer met their expectations with regard to service users and social workers; (d) trusted their volunteer; (e) perceived their managerial culture, peer culture, and artifacts as encouraging effort investment and inclusion; and (f) received training in working with volunteers. Implications: On a theoretical level, the findings expand our knowledge about factors that may impact on social workers’ investment of effort in volunteers and their inclusion. On a methodological level, instruments with good psychometric properties were developed to examine the associations studied and these can serve in future research. On the practical level, the findings highlight the importance of training in working with volunteers and underscore the value for managers and volunteer coordinators discussing the workers’ psychological contract with them and of fostering an organizational culture that encourages effort investment in, and inclusion of, volunteers. © 2014, © The Author(s) 2014.},
	author_keywords = {psychological contract; social care; social service; Social work; social work practice; social workers; volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {I. Weiss-Gal; Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Israel; email: iditweis@post.tau.ac.il},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Ltd},
	issn = {14680173},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Soc. Work},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 3}
}

@ARTICLE{Intindola2016372,
	author = {Intindola, Melissa and Rogers, Sean and Flinchbaugh, Carol and Della Pietra, Doug},
	title = {Hospital administrative characteristics and volunteer resource management practices},
	year = {2016},
	journal = {Journal of Health Organization and Management},
	volume = {30},
	number = {3},
	pages = {372 – 389},
	doi = {10.1108/JHOM-10-2014-0178},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84976433827&doi=10.1108%2fJHOM-10-2014-0178&partnerID=40&md5=bd6d4baa3a0484105115af3efddc360e},
	affiliations = {Department of Management, Haworth College of Business, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, United States; School of Hotel Administration, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States; Department of Management, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States; Patient Experience & VolunteersRochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY, United States},
	abstract = {Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the links between various characteristics of hospital administration and the utilization of classes of volunteer resource management (VRM) practices. Design/methodology/approach – This paper uses original data collected via surveys of volunteer directors in 122 hospitals in five Northeastern and Southern US states. Findings – Structural equation modeling results suggest that number of paid volunteer management staff, scope of responsibility of the primary volunteer administrator, and hospital size are positively associated with increased usage of certain VRM practices. Research limitations/implications – First, the authors begin the exploration of VRM antecedents, and encourage others to continue this line of inquiry; and second, the authors assess dimensionality of practices, allowing future researchers to consider whether specific dimensions have a differential impact on key individual and organizational outcomes. Practical implications – Based on the findings of a relationship between administrative characteristics and the on-the-ground execution of VRM practice, a baseline audit comparing current practices to those VRM practices presented here might be useful in determining what next steps may be taken to focus investments in VRM that can ultimately drive practice utilization. Originality/value – The exploration of the dimensionality of volunteer management adds a novel perspective to both the academic study, and practice, of volunteer management. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first empirical categorization of VRM practices. © 2016, © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.},
	author_keywords = {Hospitals; Human resources management; USA; Volunteer directors; VRM practices},
	keywords = {Hospital Administration; Hospital Volunteers; New England; Southeastern United States; Surveys and Questionnaires; administrative personnel; classification; hospital management; human; investment; resource management; responsibility; scientist; structural equation modeling; volunteer; hospital volunteer; organization and management; questionnaire; United States},
	publisher = {Emerald Publishing},
	issn = {14777266},
	pmid = {27119392},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Health Organ. Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 4; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Thompson201734,
	author = {Thompson, Jamie and Curran, Ross and O'Gorman, Kevin D},
	title = {A modern day panopticon: Using power and control theory to manage volunteer tourists in Bolivia},
	year = {2017},
	journal = {Tourism Management Perspectives},
	volume = {22},
	pages = {34 – 43},
	doi = {10.1016/j.tmp.2017.01.003},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85011915272&doi=10.1016%2fj.tmp.2017.01.003&partnerID=40&md5=60537d01d8b30f545377b5ab5f098b2b},
	affiliations = {School of Social Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Dundee Business School, University of Abertay, Dundee, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {Volunteer tourism literature is yet to examine the impact of power and control practices on volunteer tourist compliancy. This paper contributes to closing this research gap by proposing and testing a new theoretical model of power and control practices. Drawing upon the previously un-synthesized theoretical contributions of Foucault (1979) and French and Raven (1959), the model presents power and control practices identified in the extant organizational literature. Using an auto-ethnographic approach, data was collected within a Bolivian volunteer-host community. Examination of results suggested mutually beneficial volunteer-host working relationships occur under ‘softer’ management practices. Our findings also offer insight into the salience of using reward-based management strategies as a control mechanism, as well as identifying two new control practices that emerged empirically. The research suggests several implications for the management of host communities toward creating more harmonious, efficient, and effective working relationships between volunteer tourists and hosts. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd},
	author_keywords = {Bolivia; Power and control; Volunteer management; Volunteer tourism},
	correspondence_address = {R. Curran; Dundee Business School, University of Abertay, Dundee, United Kingdom; email: r.curran@abertay.ac.uk},
	publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},
	issn = {22119736},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Tour. Manage. Perspect.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 14; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Hunt201463,
	author = {Hunt, Sonya and Smith, Kelly and Hamerton, Heather and Sargisson, Rebecca J.},
	title = {An incident control centre in action: Response to the rena oil spill in New Zealand},
	year = {2014},
	journal = {Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management},
	volume = {22},
	number = {1},
	pages = {63 – 66},
	doi = {10.1111/1468-5973.12036},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84894064339&doi=10.1111%2f1468-5973.12036&partnerID=40&md5=13452d26e934a7f79662e0fa439caaf6},
	affiliations = {School of Social Sciences, University of Waikato, Tauranga, 3112, Private Bag 12,027, New Zealand; Bay of Plenty Polytechnic, Tauranga, 3143, Private Bag 12001, New Zealand; School of Psychology, University of Waikato, Tauranga, 3112, Private Bag 12,027, New Zealand},
	abstract = {Following the Rena grounding and oil spill in the Bay of Plenty, New Zealand, an Incident Command Centre was established which, among other tasks, coordinated a volunteer clean-up effort. We interviewed volunteers and organisers to gain insight into the efficacy of the volunteer coordination effort. Volunteers praised the system of communication and the involvement of indigenous groups. They expressed a desire for better training, more flexibility and community autonomy, a quicker uptake of volunteer support, and the use of social media. Locating the Incident Command Centre in a single site aided interaction between experts, and the sharing of resources. Overall, the volunteer coordination was considered a success. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.},
	issn = {14685973},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Contingencies Crisis Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 22; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Thorley2012247,
	author = {Thorley, Virginia},
	title = {Human milk banking in the volunteer sector: Policy development and actuality in 1970s Australia},
	year = {2012},
	journal = {Midwifery},
	volume = {28},
	number = {2},
	pages = {247 – 251},
	doi = {10.1016/j.midw.2011.02.001},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84858151437&doi=10.1016%2fj.midw.2011.02.001&partnerID=40&md5=8ee3406774f8abbc762969b8b81f9573},
	affiliations = {School of History, Philosophy, Religion and Classics, The University of Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia},
	abstract = {Objective: to describe the development of rigorous milk banking policies in the voluntary sector in Australia, 1975-1979, by the non-government organisation, the Nursing Mothers' Association of Australia (now the Australian Breastfeeding Association), and the eventual abandonment of milk banking by the organisation. Design: historical article. Setting: Australia in the years 1975-1979. Conclusions: during the period in which the policy development described here took place, conducting a milk bank to the rigorous standards set by the organisation required too heavy an investment of hours by unpaid volunteer coordinators to be sustainable. Implications for practice: in establishing and continuing a successful milk bank, models which depend less on volunteer hours may be more sustainable. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.},
	author_keywords = {Australia; Human milk banks; Policy; Volunteer},
	keywords = {Australia; History, 20th Century; Humans; Milk Banks; Milk, Human; Organizations; Policy Making; Voluntary Workers; article; Australia; breast milk; health care facility; history; human; management; organization; organization and management; standard; voluntary worker},
	correspondence_address = {V. Thorley; School of History, Philosophy, Religion and Classics, The University of Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia; email: v.thorley@uq.edu.au},
	issn = {02666138},
	coden = {MIDWE},
	pmid = {21414697},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Midwifery},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1}
}

@ARTICLE{McAllum201484,
	author = {McAllum, Kirstie},
	title = {Meanings of Organizational Volunteering: Diverse Volunteer Pathways},
	year = {2014},
	journal = {Management Communication Quarterly},
	volume = {28},
	number = {1},
	pages = {84 – 110},
	doi = {10.1177/0893318913517237},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84891870748&doi=10.1177%2f0893318913517237&partnerID=40&md5=57cd3cbbd764c1a08588d3fa21a002df},
	affiliations = {Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada},
	abstract = {Despite the practical need to cultivate individuals' engagement with nonprofit organizations and theoretical interest in volunteerism across multiple disciplines and perspectives, the conceptual boundaries of volunteering remain vague. Although definitions from the literature emphasize free will, lack of financial gain, and benefit to others, they do not consider how volunteers might integrate, negotiate, or reject these meanings when the demands of freedom and contribution collide. This study adopts a hybrid phenomenological perspective to explore what organizational volunteering meant to volunteers themselves. The findings show that the meanings that participants gave to volunteering were both agentic and relational and that volunteers negotiated agency and relationality in a dynamic way. The article discusses the theoretical implications for how researchers define organizational volunteering and the meaning of work in nonstandard work environments, as well as the practical implications for volunteer management. © The Author(s) 2013.},
	author_keywords = {meaning; nonprofit organizations; phenomenology; volunteering},
	correspondence_address = {K. McAllum; Département de Communication, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, C.P. 6l28 succursale Centre-ville, Canada; email: kirstie.mcallum@umontreal.ca},
	issn = {15526798},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Manage. Commun. Q.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 31}
}

@ARTICLE{O'Meara2012488,
	author = {O'Meara, Peter and Tourle, Vianne and Rae, John},
	title = {Factors influencing the successful integration of ambulance volunteers and first responders into ambulance services},
	year = {2012},
	journal = {Health and Social Care in the Community},
	volume = {20},
	number = {5},
	pages = {488 – 496},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2524.2011.01055.x},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84864921855&doi=10.1111%2fj.1365-2524.2011.01055.x&partnerID=40&md5=a3cdbfc5c25aed1cd88f14086d289fa5},
	affiliations = {LaTrobe School of Rural Health, LaTrobe University, Bendigo, Vic., Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, NSW, Australia},
	abstract = {This study identifies the factors associated with the successful integration of ambulance volunteers and first responders into major ambulance services in Australia and New Zealand and then proposes a model of volunteer management for ambulance services. All ten members of the Australasian Council of Ambulance Authorities completed a questionnaire describing their volunteer and first-responder staff, their numbers and deployment, and the management and integration of volunteers within their respective organisations. Eight senior managers responsible for ambulance volunteers and first responders from six States of Australia and one region of New Zealand subsequently participated in semistructured interviews. Analysis of interview transcripts and publicly available data revealed facilitative factors associated with strong, vibrant ambulance volunteer systems. These facilitative factors are commitment to volunteer models of service delivery; a degree of management decentralisation and volunteer input into decision-making; commitment of resources towards the volunteer model; and the organisational integration of volunteers into the ambulance service. The proposed facilitative model of volunteer management developed aims to encourage the adoption of positive and innovative strategies to improve the integration of ambulance volunteers and first responders in ambulance services. The model consists of four components: leadership; integrative processes; resource commitment; and relative autonomy. The first three of these relate directly to the organisation, while the fourth concerns the volunteers themselves. If these approaches were replicated more widely, a viable and effective volunteer emergency health response system could be established in those areas where it is uneconomic or impractical to provide a salaried ambulance service staffed with professionally qualified paramedics. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.},
	author_keywords = {Emergency services; Paramedic; Volunteers; Workforce issues},
	keywords = {Ambulances; Australia; Emergency Responders; Health Care Surveys; Humans; Leadership; Models, Organizational; New Zealand; Organizational Policy; Voluntary Workers; ambulance; article; Australia; health care survey; human; leadership; New Zealand; nonbiological model; organization and management; policy; rescue personnel; voluntary worker},
	correspondence_address = {P. O'Meara; LaTrobe School of Rural Health, LaTrobe University, Bendigo, Vic.3552, Po Box 199, Australia; email: p.omeara@latrobe.edu.au},
	issn = {13652524},
	pmid = {22313138},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Health Soc. Care Community},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 20; All Open Access, Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Schierenberg2012120,
	author = {Schierenberg, Anne},
	title = {'Nature - A point of honour': Professional management of volunteer commitment in Germany's 'National Natural Landscapes' (Nationale Naturlandschaften)},
	year = {2012},
	journal = {Natur und Landschaft},
	volume = {87},
	number = {3},
	pages = {120 – 125},
	doi = {10.17433/3.2012.50153150.120-125},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85209499872&doi=10.17433%2f3.2012.50153150.120-125&partnerID=40&md5=17aea5b301c24a4869202e0c8b2a7444},
	affiliations = {EUROPARC Deutschland e. V., 10117 Berlin, Friedrichstraße 60, Germany},
	abstract = {Ehrensache Natur, EUROPARC Germany's volunteer programme, is an example of professional volunteer management in nature conservation. Since it was initiated in the National Natural Landscapes in 2003, it has opened many administrations of German national parks, nature parks and UNESCO biosphere reserves in a new way to society. There, volunteer coordination has become an integral part of park management. The programme can encourage other institutions and organizations in nature conservation that want to benefit from the multiple positive effects of cooperating with volunteers. Recent social developments show that, in the future, there will be even greater potential to acquire committed people for protected areas as well as for the work of non-governmental organizations in nature and environment protection. It depends on the organizations themselves whether they succeed in making use of this potential, but also on key decisions by policy-makers. The European Year of Volunteering 2011 presents an opportunity to take stock of past developments, to identify the challenges that will face volunteer organizations and formulate demands upon decision-makers in politics and administration.},
	correspondence_address = {A. Schierenberg; EUROPARC Deutschland e. V., 10117 Berlin, Friedrichstraße 60, Germany; email: anne.schierenberg@europarc-deutschland.de},
	publisher = {W. Kohlhammer GmbH},
	issn = {00280615},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nat. Landsch.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Brewis2011165,
	author = {Brewis, Georgina and Holdsworth, Clare},
	title = {University Support for Student Volunteering in England: Historical Development and Contemporary Value},
	year = {2011},
	journal = {Journal of Academic Ethics},
	volume = {9},
	number = {2},
	pages = {165 – 176},
	doi = {10.1007/s10805-011-9129-0},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-79960057063&doi=10.1007%2fs10805-011-9129-0&partnerID=40&md5=351ae7096d136564497775d51420b1e1},
	affiliations = {Institute of Education and Institute for Volunteering Research, London, United Kingdom; Institute of Education, University of London, London WC1H 0AL, 20 Bedford Way, United Kingdom; School of Physical and Geographical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, William Smith Building, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {This article draws on a major study of student volunteering based on case studies of six Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) selected to represent the diversity of the higher education sector in England. The study finds that students contribute significantly to university life and to the wider community through both formal and informal volunteering. However in this paper we consider the challenges and problems with the organisation of student volunteering. Our research finds that students who were supported by their university to volunteer reported better experiences of volunteering and identified greater impacts on their personal development, soft skills, employability and community awareness. In this paper we challenge the tendency of some policy makers and practitioners to view student volunteering as an automatic 'win, win, win'-for students, for universities and for communities. Rather we explore how without adequate support, management and opportunities for reflection and placing volunteering in wider social context, student volunteering can fail to benefit any of these groups. The paper outlines the development of institutional support for volunteering by students before assessing the value such support has for student volunteers today. © 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.},
	author_keywords = {Students; Universities; Voluntary work; Volunteer management; Volunteering},
	correspondence_address = {G. Brewis; Institute of Education, University of London, London WC1H 0AL, 20 Bedford Way, United Kingdom; email: g.brewis@ioe.ac.uk},
	issn = {15728544},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Acad. Ethics},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 14}
}

@ARTICLE{O'Malley Floyd2013558,
	author = {O'Malley Floyd, Barbara},
	title = {Lessons learned preparing volunteer midwives for service in Haiti: After the earthquake},
	year = {2013},
	journal = {Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health},
	volume = {58},
	number = {5},
	pages = {558 – 568},
	doi = {10.1111/jmwh.12021},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84885134923&doi=10.1111%2fjmwh.12021&partnerID=40&md5=f196ca7e7ffc4ea090ee934a7e2aa0c0},
	affiliations = {Concordia University, Portland, OR, United States},
	abstract = {Introduction: Midwives for Haiti is an organization that focuses on the education and training of skilled birth attendants in Haiti, a country with a high rate of maternal and infant mortality and where only 26% of births are attended by skilled health workers. Following the 2010 earthquake, Midwives for Haiti received requests to expand services and numerous professional midwives answered the call to volunteer. This author was one of those volunteers. The purpose of the study was: 1) to develop a description of the program's strengths and its deficits in order to determine if there was a need to improve the preparation of volunteers prior to service and 2) to make recommendations aimed at strengthening the volunteers' contributions to the education of Haiti and auxiliary midwives. Methods: Three distinct but closely related questionnaires were developed to survey Haitian students, staff midwives, and volunteers who served with Midwives for Haiti. Questions were designed to elicit information about how well the volunteers were prepared for their experience, the effectiveness of translation services, and suggestions for improving the preparation of volunteers and strengthening the education program. Results: Analysis of the surveys of volunteers, staff, midwives, and the Haitian students generated several common themes. The 3 groups agreed that the volunteers made an effective contribution to the program of education and that the volunteer midwives need more preparation prior to serving in Haiti. The 3 groups also agreed on the need for better translators and recommended more structure to the education program. Discussion: The results of this study are significant to international health care organizations that use volunteer health care professionals to provide services. The results support a growing body of knowledge that international health aid organizations may use to strengthen the preparation, support, and effectiveness of volunteer health providers. © 2013 by the American College of Nurse-Midwives.},
	author_keywords = {Developing countries; Midwifery training; Volunteer management},
	keywords = {Adult; Aged; Female; Haiti; Humans; Maternal Health Services; Middle Aged; Nurse Midwives; Program Evaluation; Surveys and Questionnaires; Volunteers; adult; aged; article; clinical effectiveness; clinical practice; earthquake; education program; female; general condition improvement; Haiti; health auxiliary; health care delivery; health care survey; health program; health service; human; infant mortality; maternal mortality; medical education; medical student; midwife; priority journal; problem based learning; Self-Directed Learning Readiness Scale; maternal health service; middle aged; nurse midwife; program evaluation; questionnaire; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {B. O'Malley Floyd; Portland, OR 97215, 4339 S.E. Salmon Street, United States; email: omalleyfloyd@msn.com},
	issn = {15422011},
	coden = {JMWHA},
	pmid = {26251862},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Midwifery Women's Health},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 8}
}

@ARTICLE{Clayton2016162,
	author = {Clayton, Diana},
	title = {Volunteers’ knowledge activities at UK music festivals: a hermeneutic-phenomenological exploration of individuals’ experiences},
	year = {2016},
	journal = {Journal of Knowledge Management},
	volume = {20},
	number = {1},
	pages = {162 – 180},
	doi = {10.1108/JKM-05-2015-0182},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84958539106&doi=10.1108%2fJKM-05-2015-0182&partnerID=40&md5=382b35cc389e059b66d2413a8b27a1e0},
	affiliations = {Warwick Manufacturing Group, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {Purpose – This paper aims to explore how and why volunteers share knowledge and engage in other related knowledge activities. The paper offers an interpretation of participants’ multiple realities to enable a better understanding of managing volunteer knowledge, which ultimately underpins organisational performance and effectiveness. Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative, hermeneutic phenomenological study of volunteers (n = 28) at UK music festivals was conducted through in-depth interviews (n = 9), diaries (n = 11) or both (n = 8). This interpretivist approach adopted purposive sampling to recruit participants through (social) media. Findings – The findings illustrate how and why volunteers share knowledge that is attributed to a successful process of volunteering, which enables effective knowledge management and knowledge reproduction. Where volunteers’ motivations are satisfied, this leads to repeat volunteering. Knowledge enablers and the removal of barriers create conditions that are conducive for knowledge sharing, which have similar characteristics to conditions for continuance commitment. Where volunteers do not return, the organisation leaks knowledge. Research limitations/implications – Although high-quality research standards were maintained, participant self-selection may result in overly positive experiences. Future research might explore the impact on knowledge sharing of negative volunteering experiences. Practical/implications – Practical recommendations include factors that contribute to effective volunteer co-ordination and volunteering experiences, which are enablers for knowledge sharing. These fall within two categories, namely, areas for continuance (i.e. those aspects that should be maintained because they contribute to effective volunteer co- ordination and experiences) and areas for improvement (i.e. those aspects of volunteer co-ordination that are either currently lacking or require development or enhancement). Originality/value – This paper’s original contribution is demonstrated through the use of hermeneutic phenomenological methods in the exploration of individuals’ perspectives of knowledge sharing in the context of temporary organisations. This paper provides value to academics studying knowledge management and volunteer management, and practitioners managing volunteers. © 2016, © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.},
	author_keywords = {Communities of practice; Hermeneutic phenomenology; Knowledge management; Knowledge sharing; Volunteering},
	correspondence_address = {D. Clayton; Warwick Manufacturing Group, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom; email: d.clayton.1@warwick.ac.uk},
	publisher = {Emerald Group Publishing Ltd.},
	issn = {13673270},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Knowl. Manag.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 14}
}

@ARTICLE{Manetti20152104,
	author = {Manetti, Giacomo and Bellucci, Marco and Como, Elena and Bagnoli, Luca},
	title = {Investing in Volunteering: Measuring Social Returns of Volunteer Recruitment, Training and Management},
	year = {2015},
	journal = {Voluntas},
	volume = {26},
	number = {5},
	pages = {2104 – 2129},
	doi = {10.1007/s11266-014-9497-3},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84943014501&doi=10.1007%2fs11266-014-9497-3&partnerID=40&md5=740ac09d2da5531bc48ced329b761370},
	affiliations = {Department of Economics and Management, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; ARCO Action Research for CO-development, PIN S.c.r.l., Prato, Italy; Yunus Social Business Centre - University of Florence, Prato, Italy; LAMA Development and Cooperation Agency/The Impact Hub Firenze, Florence, Italy},
	abstract = {In this paper, we analyse the costs and benefits of the investments that non-profit organizations (NPOs) make for the recruitment, training and management of volunteers. Our main research question is whether we can apply the Social Return on Investment (SROI) to the identification and quantification of social returns in monetary terms. We believe that the “SROI of volunteering” may represent an effective instrument of internal control for NPOs for improving efficiency and sustainability. In order to verify the feasibility and appropriateness of the SROI approach, we present a case-study on the Italian association Dynamo Camp, which works with children with serious illness through the organization of summer camps that offer “recreational therapy.” We believe that the presented methodology has the potential to contribute to the debate about the socio-economic impact organizations create for volunteers and for society at large. © 2014, International Society for Third-Sector Research and The Johns Hopkins University.},
	author_keywords = {Dynamo camp; Non-profit organizations; Social returns; SROI; Volunteering},
	keywords = {Italy; local participation; nonprofit organization; socioeconomic impact; sustainability; training; voluntary approach},
	correspondence_address = {M. Bellucci; ARCO Action Research for CO-development, PIN S.c.r.l., Prato, Italy; email: marco.bellucci@pin.unifi.it},
	publisher = {Springer New York LLC},
	issn = {09578765},
	coden = {VOLUE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Voluntas},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 34}
}

@ARTICLE{Whitmore201525,
	author = {Whitmore, Mary},
	title = {Peer support: Helping to influence cultural change},
	year = {2015},
	journal = {Practising Midwife},
	volume = {18},
	number = {2},
	pages = {25 – 28},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84946212570&partnerID=40&md5=17aebd9d8f444b77fb315e6a8993aac9},
	affiliations = {Blackpool and North Lancashire, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {Breastfeeding peer support schemes in Blackpool and Lancashire work closely with midwifery and other partners to offer additional support and encouragement to breastfeeding mothers. Employed and volunteer peer supporters deliver a systematic service in target areas delivering workshops to pregnant mothers, supporting new mothers in hospital, including in the neonatal units, in mothers' homes and in groups at children's centres. Working with health, children's centres, public health and councils, the peer supporters were instrumental in Fleetwood town agreeing to always welcome breastfeeding. They worked with teachers, public health and infant feeding coordinators to deliver a month-long breastfeeding campaign at a local college and, working with health visitors, have engaged with grandmothers to find out how they feel they can help support new mothers. Skilled supervision is essential to ensuring peer supporters work safely and continue to develop their skills and knowledge. Volunteer coordinators play a key role in valuing and organising volunteers. © 2015 Medical Education Solutions Ltd. All Rights Reserved.},
	author_keywords = {Breastfeeding peer support; Cultural change; Partnership working; Supervision; Volunteer coordinators},
	keywords = {Breast Feeding; England; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Midwifery; Mothers; Nurse-Patient Relations; Peer Group; Self-Help Groups; Social Perception; Social Support; adult; article; breast feeding; child; college; female; grandmother; health visitor; human; infant; midwife; peer group; pregnancy; public health; skill; teacher; volunteer; breast feeding; mother; newborn; nurse patient relationship; perception; procedures; psychology; self help; social support; statistics and numerical data; United Kingdom},
	publisher = {Medical Education Solutions Ltd},
	issn = {14613123},
	pmid = {26333249},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Pract. Midwife},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Lee2016550,
	author = {Lee, Younghan and Kim, Milyang and Koo, Jakeun},
	title = {The impact of social interaction and team member exchange on sport event volunteer management},
	year = {2016},
	journal = {Sport Management Review},
	volume = {19},
	number = {5},
	pages = {550 – 562},
	doi = {10.1016/j.smr.2016.04.005},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84966480848&doi=10.1016%2fj.smr.2016.04.005&partnerID=40&md5=219370c2cda5a66ab97b6f87888671cb},
	affiliations = {Mississippi State University, Starkville, United States; Department of Kinesiology, College of Education, Mississippi State University, P.O. Box 6186, 39762, MS, United States; Department of Sport Management, Isenberg School of Management, University of Massachusetts, 121 Presidents Drive, Amherst, 01003, MA, United States},
	abstract = {In the present study, the authors aim to understand the sport event volunteer experience in the context of social interaction and its effect on volunteers’ team member exchange and future intentions. Sport event volunteers (N = 150) in the Northeast region in the United States participated in the survey. The partial least squares method of structural equation modeling was used to test the hypotheses. Results indicate that online social interaction ties significantly affect team member exchange, which in turn, predicts volunteers’ intentions to repeat volunteering and also spread positive word-of-mouth about volunteering experience to potential volunteers. The current research specifically demonstrates that establishing social interaction ties through social media promotes positive team member exchange that further impacts volunteers’ future intentions. The research findings also imply that social media can be a cost-effective volunteer management tool in terms of volunteer recruitment and for relatively smaller sport organizations that are generally confronted with limited resources. © 2016},
	author_keywords = {Campus-based sporting event; Social interaction; Social media; Sport volunteer management; Team member exchange},
	correspondence_address = {M. Kim; Department of Leisure, Recreation, and Sports, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyang-ro, Asan, 336745, South Korea; email: mlkim@sch.ac.kr},
	publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
	issn = {14413523},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Sport Manage. Rev.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 37}
}

@ARTICLE{Morishita201790,
	author = {Morishita, Andy and Dang, Jonathan and Chun, Tyler},
	title = {Surf's up! Ride the volunteer μwave},
	year = {2017},
	journal = {IEEE Microwave Magazine},
	volume = {18},
	number = {3},
	pages = {90–91 and 94},
	doi = {10.1109/MMM.2017.2665326},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85018485697&doi=10.1109%2fMMM.2017.2665326&partnerID=40&md5=88e7593e11f341ca8e1fc9272f92ae87},
	affiliations = {Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems, Redondo Beach, CA, United States; SPAWAR Systems Center Pacific, Pearl City, HI, United States},
	abstract = {Half the working force at the IMS consists of student volunteers. As part of the IMS2017 Student Volunteer Coordination Committee, the organizers welcomethe participants to experience the IMS with a backstage pass, and become a part of the force to make IMS successful in 2017. Volunteers receive complimentary conference registration as well as food and beverages on the days that they work. The Challenge winners receive a team prize of US$2,000.},
	keywords = {Radiation; Student volunteers; Working force; Microwave integrated circuits},
	publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.},
	issn = {15273342},
	coden = {IEMMF},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {IEEE Microwave Mag.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Filo2014397,
	author = {Filo, Kevin and Funk, Daniel and Jordan, Jeremy},
	title = {Exploring activity-contingent volunteerism: A preliminary investigation of back on my feet volunteers},
	year = {2014},
	journal = {European Sport Management Quarterly},
	volume = {14},
	number = {4},
	pages = {397 – 421},
	doi = {10.1080/16184742.2014.929158},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84902909330&doi=10.1080%2f16184742.2014.929158&partnerID=40&md5=5fc5fa96bb7649732526b9d7c06d7147},
	affiliations = {Department of Tourism, Sport and Hotel Management, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia; School of Tourism & Hospitality Management, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States},
	abstract = {Research question: Back on My Feet (BoMF) is an American non-profit organisation designed to help homeless individuals. In helping homeless individuals, BoMF relies upon volunteers who lead early morning runs. The running component of volunteerism reflects a unique volunteerism context, activity-contingent volunteerism (ACV) worthy of academic investigation. The current research develops a measurement tool to assess (ACV) among BoMF volunteers and then uses this tool to explain two important volunteer outcomes: volunteer satisfaction and involvement with the organisation. Research methods: An online questionnaire was administered to a sample of BoMF volunteers across four chapters. A total of 396 questionnaires were completed. Results and findings: Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted to reduce a list of items to a few categories to reflect the ACVexperience. The EFA uncovered six factors: learning, helping, activity, philanthropy, obligation and esteem. Next, multiple regression analysis revealed three of the six ACV factors that contribute to volunteer satisfaction, while four of the six ACV factors contribute to involvement with BoMF. Practical implications: Beyond presenting an initial investigation of ACV, the results introduce a number of implications for volunteer managers in this context. First, managers can tailor marketing and recruitment communication based upon the factors uncovered. Second, the mission and values of the organisation can be communicated in an effort to retain volunteers. Third, training can be implemented to educate volunteers on both the physical and philanthropic components of the experience. © 2014 European Association for Sport Management.},
	author_keywords = {Involvement; Motives; Running; Satisfaction; Volunteering},
	correspondence_address = {K. Filo; Department of Tourism, Sport and Hotel Management, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia; email: k.filo@griffith.edu.au},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {16184742},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Eur. Sport Manage. Q.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 5; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Yanson2017209,
	author = {Yanson, Adam and Hilts, Asante Shipp and Mack, Stephanie and Eidson, Millicent and Nguyen, Trang and Birkhead, Guthrie},
	title = {Superstorm Sandy: Emergency management staff perceptions of impact and recommendations for future preparedness, New York State},
	year = {2017},
	journal = {Journal of Emergency Management},
	volume = {15},
	number = {4},
	pages = {209 – 218},
	doi = {10.5055/jem.2017.0330},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85041642790&doi=10.5055%2fjem.2017.0330&partnerID=40&md5=557441b9f46dcdfa066fced5264a3379},
	affiliations = {New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, United States; University at Albany School of Public Health, Rensselaer, NY, United States},
	abstract = {Objective: This study collected and summarized feedback from staff at the New York State (NYS) Office of Emergency Management (OEM) and three county OEMs within NYS to understand lessons learned from the 2012 Superstorm Sandy. Design: Cross-sectional qualitative and quantitative analysis. Subjects, Participants: One staff person from each identified critical role from the state and county OEMs who were still employed in the roles identified. Interventions: In-person interviews in 2014 followed by an anonymous survey in 2015 examined the response strengths, challenges, and recommendations using federally and study-defined Public Health Preparedness Capabilities. Quantitative analysis of staff survey ratings was used to summarize perceptions of interagency collaboration, communication effectiveness, and differences by staff position. Results: Response rates were 78 percent for interviews (n = 7) and 45 percent for surveys (n = 36). In interviews, "emergency operations coordination" was cited most frequently (48 percent), specifically for successful interagency coordination. "Emergency operations coordination" was also cited most among challenges (45 percent), with emphasis on problems with uniformity of software systems across agencies. Survey responses indicated that "volunteer management" (50 percent) and the "safety and health of responders" (40 percent) were frequently reported as challenges. Additionally, 38 percent of OEM staff reported that situation reports submitted by health departments need improvement. Recommendations from OEM staff included "emergency operations coordination" (36 percent) such as sharing of resources and "training" (16 percent) including hospital evacuation training. Conclusions: Analysis of OEM staff feedback identified specific challenges, and concrete recommendations were made to improve response going forward.},
	author_keywords = {Disaster planning; Emergency management; Emergency preparedness; Public health; Superstorm},
	keywords = {Civil Defense; Communication; Cyclonic Storms; Disaster Planning; Humans; Local Government; New York; Public Health Practice; Quality Improvement; civil defense; disaster planning; government; human; hurricane; interpersonal communication; New York; organization and management; public health service; standards; total quality management},
	publisher = {Weston Medical Publishing},
	issn = {15435865},
	pmid = {28929477},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Emerg. Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Shelley201552,
	author = {Shelley, Greg K. and Castro, Carmen and Cron, Stanley G.},
	title = {Utilizing online tools to increase volunteer ombudsmen presence in long-term care},
	year = {2015},
	journal = {Geriatric Nursing},
	volume = {36},
	number = {1},
	pages = {52 – 56},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gerinurse.2014.11.001},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84922061911&doi=10.1016%2fj.gerinurse.2014.11.001&partnerID=40&md5=e1a94e102a5ecf127d5d48074d33d6e4},
	affiliations = {University of Texas School of Nursing, 6901 Bertner Avenue, Suite 629, Houston, 77030, TX, United States},
	abstract = {In this descriptive study, former and current volunteer ombudsmen (n = 65) completed an online survey and Chi-square analyses were used to determine group differences in order to examine the impact of internet-based communication on the recruitment and retention of volunteer long-term care ombudsmen. The results showed that the program's shift to internet-based recruitment and communication methods helped increase the number of volunteers by 50% and contributed to a positive shift in role perception and satisfaction. Consequently, the proliferation of internet and social media usage permits greater volunteer management opportunities than previously were available. These tools also allow for consistency of message, extended training opportunities, and recourse to resources at need which permit ombudsmen volunteers to identify more readily with the role of resident advocate and receive greater performance satisfaction as it relates to that role. © 2015 Elsevier Inc.},
	author_keywords = {Advocate; Long-term care; Ombudsman; Social media; Volunteer},
	keywords = {Adult; Aged; Communication; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Health Services; Humans; Internet; Long-Term Care; Male; Middle Aged; Patient Advocacy; Personnel Loyalty; Personnel Selection; Social Media; Surveys and Questionnaires; United States; Volunteers; Young Adult; adult; aged; cross-sectional study; female; health service; human; Internet; interpersonal communication; long term care; male; middle aged; organization and management; patient advocacy; personnel management; procedures; questionnaire; social media; statistics and numerical data; United States; utilization; volunteer; young adult},
	publisher = {Mosby Inc.},
	issn = {01974572},
	pmid = {25498919},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Geriatr. Nurs.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 6}
}

@ARTICLE{Claxton-Oldfield2013467,
	author = {Claxton-Oldfield, Stephen and Jones, Richard},
	title = {Holding on to What You Have Got: Keeping Hospice Palliative Care Volunteers Volunteering},
	year = {2013},
	journal = {American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine},
	volume = {30},
	number = {5},
	pages = {467 – 472},
	doi = {10.1177/1049909112453643},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84881112301&doi=10.1177%2f1049909112453643&partnerID=40&md5=406aeb483fe03b43346d7aee5307a232},
	affiliations = {Department of Psychology, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB, Canada},
	abstract = {In all, 119 hospice palliative care volunteers from 3 community-based hospice programs completed the Volunteer Retention Questionnaire (VRQ), a 33-item survey designed for this study. The VRQ asks volunteers to rate the importance of each item to their decision to continue volunteering. The items that received the highest mean importance ratings included enjoying the work they do, feeling adequately prepared/trained to perform their role, and learning from their patients' experiences/listening to their patients' life stories. Being recognized (eg, pins for years of service or being profiled in the hospice newsletter), receiving phone calls/cards from their volunteer coordinator on special occasions, and being reimbursed for out-of-pocket expenses were among the items that received the lowest mean importance ratings. Suggestions for improving volunteer retention are provided. © The Author(s) 2012.},
	author_keywords = {hospice palliative care; retention; satisfaction; volunteers},
	keywords = {Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Hospices; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Palliative Care; Personal Satisfaction; Personnel Management; Personnel Turnover; Questionnaires; Volunteers; hospice palliative care; retention; satisfaction; volunteers; adult; aged; article; female; hospice; hospice palliative care; human; male; manpower; methodology; middle aged; organization and management; palliative therapy; personnel management; questionnaire; retention; satisfaction; very elderly; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {S. Claxton-Oldfield; Department of Psychology, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB, Canada; email: sclaxton@mta.ca},
	issn = {10499091},
	pmid = {22811213},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Am. J. Hospice Palliative Med.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 10}
}

@ARTICLE{Kim201783,
	author = {Kim, Eunjung and Cuskelly, Graham},
	title = {A systematic quantitative review of volunteer management in events},
	year = {2017},
	journal = {Event Management},
	volume = {21},
	number = {1},
	pages = {83 – 100},
	doi = {10.3727/152599517X14809630271195},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85013395108&doi=10.3727%2f152599517X14809630271195&partnerID=40&md5=a17d46d3cf0671859f3e3c27a2521d0e},
	affiliations = {Department of Tourism, Sport and Hotel Management, Griffith Business School, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD, Australia},
	abstract = {Most event organizations rely on the commitment of volunteers to prepare for and stage events. An attempt to understand factors that affect volunteers' engagement and retention has received much attention from a substantial number of published studies. This article provides a systematic quantitative review of 71 original, peer-reviewed research articles published in English language academic journals on volunteer management in events. The review examines the nature of the research, methods, key concepts and theories, and types of research questions posed in studies associated with volunteer management in events. Published studies on event volunteer management are geographically concentrated in several countries but published in 35 different journals across a range of fields. Volunteer management in events has been the focus of rapidly increasing research attention in recent years with almost two thirds of the articles included in the review published in the 6 years leading to 2014. The majority of published research has not clearly articulated a theoretical framework and most studies have used survey methods to collect data from volunteers at mega-sport events. It was concluded that to advance knowledge of event volunteer management there is a need for increased collaboration internationally between researchers. Moreover, it is essential to engage with relevant theory in order to better understand and predict the effectiveness of volunteer management strategies in recruiting, retaining, and building a sense of community among volunteers in events. © 2017 Cognizant, LLC.},
	author_keywords = {Events; Human resource management (HRM); Review; Volunteer management; Volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {E. Kim; Department of Tourism, Sport and Hotel Management, Griffith Business School, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Business G 27, Parklands Drive, 4222, Australia; email: eunjung.kim@griffithuni.edu.au},
	publisher = {Cognizant Communication Corporation},
	issn = {15259951},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Event Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 69; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Hager2015235,
	author = {Hager, Mark A. and Brudney, Jeffrey L.},
	title = {In search of strategy: Universalistic, contingent, and configurational adoption of volunteer management practices},
	year = {2015},
	journal = {Nonprofit Management and Leadership},
	volume = {25},
	number = {3},
	pages = {235 – 254},
	doi = {10.1002/nml.21123},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84924901911&doi=10.1002%2fnml.21123&partnerID=40&md5=e532f3066fc17b11d930868e7aa35cc8},
	affiliations = {Arizona State University, United States; University of North Carolina at Wilmington, United States},
	abstract = {The canon of volunteer administration contends that adoption of specified practices separates effective from ineffective programs. Alternatively, structural contingency and strategic human resource management theories suggest that managers make adoption decisions based on how organizational circumstances dictate the applicability or efficacy of particular practices. We test propositions that universalistic adoption of "best practices," contingent adoption of practices, and configurational adoption of bundles of practices are associated with program outcomes of recruitment ease, retention of volunteers, and the net benefits that volunteers bring to organizational operations. With all sets of tests garnering limited empirical support, we conclude that human resource practice in volunteer administration is loosely coupled with outcomes, but that some organizations do-and many more should-manage according to the singular context of their institutional and external environments. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
	author_keywords = {Contingency; Strategy; Volunteer management},
	correspondence_address = {M.A. Hager; Arizona State University, School of Community Resources and Development, Phoenix, 411 N. Central Ave., 5th Floor, AZ 85004-0690, United States; email: Mark.Hager@asu.edu},
	publisher = {Jossey-Bass Inc., Publishers},
	issn = {10486682},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Manage. Leadersh.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 49}
}

@ARTICLE{Alfes201762,
	author = {Alfes, Kerstin and Antunes, Bethania and Shantz, Amanda D.},
	title = {The management of volunteers–what can human resources do? A review and research agenda},
	year = {2017},
	journal = {International Journal of Human Resource Management},
	volume = {28},
	number = {1},
	pages = {62 – 97},
	doi = {10.1080/09585192.2016.1242508},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84992045217&doi=10.1080%2f09585192.2016.1242508&partnerID=40&md5=a0b34f0686907f529fa54cf2c4722ba2},
	affiliations = {Chair of Organisation and Human Resource Management, ESCP Europe Wirtschaftshochschule Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University of Greenwich, Business School, Old Royal Naval College, London, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {There is an increasing interest from scholars and practitioners in understanding how non-profit organizations can design and implement human resources (HR) practices to enhance desirable volunteer attitudes and behaviors. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of existing studies on the relationship between HR practices and volunteering outcomes. We use the ability-motivation-opportunity model as a guiding framework to systematically integrate current knowledge on this topic. We identify gaps in existing research and offer detailed suggestions on how scholars can further enhance knowledge on how HR practices can lead to beneficial outcomes for both volunteers and non-profit organizations. © 2016 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.},
	author_keywords = {AMO model; HR practices; non-profit organizations; review; volunteering},
	correspondence_address = {K. Alfes; Chair of Organisation and Human Resource Management, ESCP Europe Wirtschaftshochschule Berlin, Berlin, Germany; email: kalfes@escpeurope.eu},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {09585192},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Int. J. Hum. Resour. Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 99; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Hager2011137,
	author = {Hager, Mark A. and Brudney, Jeffrey L.},
	title = {Problems recruiting volunteers: Nature versus nurture},
	year = {2011},
	journal = {Nonprofit Management and Leadership},
	volume = {22},
	number = {2},
	pages = {137 – 157},
	doi = {10.1002/nml.20046},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84867683764&doi=10.1002%2fnml.20046&partnerID=40&md5=7d806d3a8c206f50a89ed225cbcc5ebb},
	affiliations = {School of Community Resources and Development, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004-0690, 411 N. Central Avenue, Suite 550, Mail Code 4020, United States; College of Urban Affairs, Cleveland State University, United States},
	abstract = {In a national study of public charities in the United States, we find that some organizations experience little difficulty recruiting volunteers while others report substantial problems. We study which organizations are more likely to report recruitment problems, separating the underlying forces for those problems into two camps. One, which we label "nature," represents organizational conditions that cannot readily be overcome by a management response. The other, which we label "nurture," represents organizational conditions that volunteer resource managers and other members of the top management team can directly influence as they seek to make their organization more inviting to prospective volunteers. We find some support for both camps, concluding that managers must be prepared to work with both immutable and malleable conditions when devising strategies for recruiting volunteers whose schedule and skills fit the organization's needs. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
	author_keywords = {Volunteer management; Volunteer recruitment; Volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {M.A. Hager; School of Community Resources and Development, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004-0690, 411 N. Central Avenue, Suite 550, Mail Code 4020, United States; email: Mark.Hager@asu.edu},
	issn = {15427854},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Manage. Leadersh.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 94}
}

@ARTICLE{Brudney2014297,
	author = {Brudney, Jeffrey L. and Meijs, Lucas C.P.M.},
	title = {Models of Volunteer Management: Professional Volunteer Program Management in Social Work},
	year = {2014},
	journal = {Human Service Organizations Management, Leadership and Governance},
	volume = {38},
	number = {3},
	pages = {297 – 309},
	doi = {10.1080/23303131.2014.899281},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84902767780&doi=10.1080%2f23303131.2014.899281&partnerID=40&md5=ab67a5df7d99d12dcb64d45d46348ae9},
	affiliations = {Department of Public and International Affairs, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, United States; Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands},
	abstract = {Several trends are leading to increased and broader involvement of volunteers in social work practice. As a consequence, social workers need to be able to manage volunteers in different settings, based on organizational/program factors and characteristics of the volunteers. Contemporary research on volunteer management can be divided into universalistic and contingency approaches. This article presents an overview of leading concepts in both perspectives and offers recommendations for social workers to select appropriate approaches to manage volunteers professionally across different contexts. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.},
	author_keywords = {contingency; management; practice; universal; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {J. L. Brudney; Department of Public and International Affairs, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28403, 601 S. College Rd., United States; email: jbrudney@gmail.com},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {23303131},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Hum. Serv. Organ. Manag. leadersh. gov.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 74}
}

@ARTICLE{Lassiter201597,
	author = {Lassiter, Kyle and Khademi, Amin and Taaffe, Kevin M.},
	title = {A robust optimization approach to volunteer management in humanitarian crises},
	year = {2015},
	journal = {International Journal of Production Economics},
	volume = {163},
	pages = {97 – 111},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijpe.2015.02.018},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84928184508&doi=10.1016%2fj.ijpe.2015.02.018&partnerID=40&md5=156e16c29dd953fdb9a6d2cfc4a25ffe},
	affiliations = {Department of Industrial Engineering, Clemson University, United States},
	abstract = {Abstract In the aftermath of a disaster, humanitarian organizations quickly assemble a workforce that can immediately serve a community's needs. However, these needs change over time, and the volunteer base (and their skill sets) also changes over time. In this paper, we develop a flexible optimization framework to dynamically allocate volunteers in order to minimize the cumulative unmet demand and maximize volunteers' preference. We use a robust optimization approach to handle the uncertainty in task demands because in the scenarios of interest it is unlikely that demand distributions are available for decision makers. We consider maximizing volunteers' preference by introducing a constraint into the model which enables decision makers to derive Pareto optimality and allocation decisions for any degree of conservativeness. Our numerical results show that volunteer managers should consider matching volunteers to their task assignment preferences up to a critical percentage, above which needs fulfillment decrease quickly due to overly strict adherence to volunteer task assignment preferences. Moreover, one can estimate the complete price of volunteers' preference by a difference between the objective function when the matching threshold is 1 and 0. Our sensitivity analyses shed light on the effect of conservativeness in the objective function and allocation decisions as well as the model's tractability. © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	author_keywords = {Humanitarian crisis scenarios; Humanitarian relief organization; Robust optimization; Volunteer management model; Volunteer training},
	keywords = {Pareto principle; Sensitivity analysis; Allocation decision; Demand distribution; Humanitarian crisis scenarios; Humanitarian relief; Management Model; Objective functions; Optimization framework; Robust optimization; Decision making},
	correspondence_address = {A. Khademi; Department of Industrial Engineering, Clemson University, United States; email: khademi@clemson.edu},
	publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},
	issn = {09255273},
	coden = {IJPCE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Int J Prod Econ},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 58}
}

@ARTICLE{Wakelin201363,
	author = {Wakelin, Dan},
	title = {What motivates students to volunteer at events?},
	year = {2013},
	journal = {Event Management},
	volume = {17},
	number = {1},
	pages = {63 – 75},
	doi = {10.3727/152599513X13623342048185},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84881492196&doi=10.3727%2f152599513X13623342048185&partnerID=40&md5=cefb5a364e5872e87e87ec7b4826d04a},
	affiliations = {Coventry University, London Campus, London, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {This study investigates the motivations of student volunteers at events. An analysis of the existing literature leads to a quantitative data collection using volunteer enrolment forms at the University of Plymouth, highlighting nine categories that volunteers' motivations can be separated into. The categories were ranked in order of importance by student experts in a Delphi study, which culminated in the production of a classification scheme for volunteer motivations. The results focused on whether the motivations are altruistic, or for a reciprocal benefit. The study concludes with a series of recommendations for volunteer managers, including the consideration of semialtruism, which occurs where a volunteer does not expect any benefit from the organization other than personal satisfaction. © 2013 Cognizant Comm. Corp.},
	author_keywords = {Altruism; Motivation; Reciprocity; Students; Volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {D. Wakelin; Coventry University London Campus, London, E1 7JF, East India House, 109-117 Middlesex Street, United Kingdom; email: dan.wakelin@culc.coventry.ac.uk},
	issn = {15259951},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Event Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 11}
}

@ARTICLE{Smith2017353,
	author = {Smith, Stephanie L. and Grove, Celatha J.},
	title = {Bittersweet and Paradoxical: Disaster Response Volunteering with the American Red Cross},
	year = {2017},
	journal = {Nonprofit Management and Leadership},
	volume = {27},
	number = {3},
	pages = {353 – 369},
	doi = {10.1002/nml.21250},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84997254851&doi=10.1002%2fnml.21250&partnerID=40&md5=aa7d2006516664a1a0b79ea089f7f25a},
	affiliations = {University of New Mexico, United States; Northwest Colorado Council of Governments, United States},
	abstract = {The American Red Cross is the most active nonprofit organization involved in disaster planning and response in the United States. The organization deployed nearly 50,000 volunteers to provide essential support to victims of some 125,000 domestic disasters, including home fires, hurricanes, wildfires, and floods, in a recent two-year period. This study asks how American Red Cross disaster response volunteer experiences function to cultivate satisfaction and, at the other end of the spectrum, the kind of dissatisfaction that leads people to quit; it pays particular attention to ways in which volunteer management shapes dissatisfaction and fatigue because of implications for volunteer retention. Paradoxically, the Red Cross facilitates the highly satisfying act of helping victims, but volunteers feel dissatisfied when management practices get in the way of helping. The study suggests voluntary organizations that rely on skilled, long-term volunteers to deliver services should evaluate and strengthen their communication strategies, recognition practices, and support systems for volunteers in distress. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
	author_keywords = {disaster response; emergency management; volunteer experience; volunteer management; volunteer satisfaction},
	correspondence_address = {S.L. Smith; University of New Mexico, United States; email: slsmith@unm.edu},
	publisher = {Jossey-Bass Inc., Publishers},
	issn = {10486682},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Manage. Leadersh.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 13}
}

@ARTICLE{Vinton2012133,
	author = {Vinton, Linda},
	title = {Professional Administration of Volunteer Programs Now More Than Ever: A Case Example},
	year = {2012},
	journal = {Administration in Social Work},
	volume = {36},
	number = {2},
	pages = {133 – 148},
	doi = {10.1080/03643107.2011.564721},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84857305957&doi=10.1080%2f03643107.2011.564721&partnerID=40&md5=924aad962cb523bd4ba4589cf974443c},
	affiliations = {College of Social Work, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, 296 Champions Way, United States},
	abstract = {The need for volunteers is greater than ever, and yet steady volunteerism has declined. This article describes a volunteer program implemented at two community-based aging services agencies that employed professional volunteer administrators. Specific objectives were evaluated after a year, along with cost effectiveness. In one year the administrators recruited and trained 871 new volunteers who performed more than 30,000 hours of primarily in-home services to an average of 226 unduplicated clients per month. Services were valued conservatively at almost $300,000 compared to the $100,000 outlay; thus, costs were $115 per volunteer. The vast majority of volunteers and staff agreed that the volunteer program was effectively managed and resulted in positive organizational change. Implications for professional volunteer coordination as a response to issues facing agencies are discussed. © 2012 Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.},
	author_keywords = {cost-effectiveness; volunteer administration; volunteer management; volunteer retention; volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {L. Vinton; College of Social Work, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, 296 Champions Way, United States; email: lvinton@fsu.edu},
	issn = {15444376},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Admin. Soc. Work},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 12}
}

@ARTICLE{Hutchison201697,
	author = {Hutchison, Fiona C. and Cartmell, Catherine},
	title = {Opening Up Entry Routes to Our Sector: Reflections on Museums Galleries Scotland's Internship Programme},
	year = {2016},
	journal = {Museum International},
	volume = {68},
	number = {1-2},
	pages = {97 – 111},
	doi = {10.1111/muse.12095},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84992659536&doi=10.1111%2fmuse.12095&partnerID=40&md5=629bb6c329b63abee8fce0ef7be06738},
	affiliations = {Museums Galleries, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {Museums Galleries Scotland (MGS) is the strategic development body for over 450 museums and galleries, helping them achieve the vision and aims of Going Further: The National Strategy for Scotland's Museums and Galleries. Between 2011 and 2014, MGS developed and managed a programme of 40 internships funded by the Heritage Lottery Fund (HLF) Skills for the Future Programme. Museums and galleries with vastly differing scales of operations, staffing and governance arrangements applied to host interns either individually or as part of a partnership. An extremely high number of intern applications were received for each agreed role description. MGS intentionally requested applications from people at the start of their museum careers who had not achieved a postgraduate qualification and with low socioeconomic means. This approach responded to critical discourse in the UK questioning whether this traditional pathway of postgraduate education and volunteering met current and future needs, and the call for high quality opportunities for a wider range of people interested in a museums career. It also related to the desire at an international level to develop museums which value the input of members of diverse communities whose living heritage they represent. Important dimensions of the internships were their intensity, year's duration and financial payments made to interns. The programme supported training provision, peer learning and continuous professional development for the interns themselves, assigned supervisors within the host museums, and external mentors. There was a common structure, with training days and networking opportunities to develop general and museology competencies. Additionally, each internship aided specific competencies including volunteer management, collections care, digital skills, and public programming involving education, outreach and interpretation skills. Through this paper MGS offers reflections upon this programme and its wider relevance for professional capacitybuilding. This partially draws on an externally conducted evaluation report which highlighted the experience of individuals and organisations involved, lessons learned and recommendations to maximise the legacy of the programme in Scotland and beyond. © ICOM 2016},
	publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},
	issn = {13500775},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Mus. Int.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 2}
}

@ARTICLE{Thormar2013624,
	author = {Thormar, Sigridur Bjork and Gersons, Berthold P. R. and Juen, Barbara and Djakababa, Maria Nelden and Karlsson, Thorlakur and Olff, Miranda},
	title = {Organizational factors and mental health in community volunteers. The role of exposure, preparation, training, tasks assigned, and support},
	year = {2013},
	journal = {Anxiety, Stress and Coping},
	volume = {26},
	number = {6},
	pages = {624 – 642},
	doi = {10.1080/10615806.2012.743021},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84886409687&doi=10.1080%2f10615806.2012.743021&partnerID=40&md5=8e3a45f3a26c066bcab6ad9c4822c8a3},
	affiliations = {Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Arq Psychotrauma Expert Group, Centrum'45, Diemen, Netherlands; Department of Psychology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Deparment of Psychology, Reykjavík University, Reykjavík, Iceland},
	abstract = {During disasters, aid organizations often respond using the resources of local volunteer members from the affected population who are not only inexperienced, but who additionally take on some of the more psychologically and physically difficult tasks in order to provide support for their community. Although not much empirical evidence exists to justify the claim, it is thought that preparation, training, and organizational support limit (or reduce) a volunteer's risk of developing later psychopathology. In this study, we examined the effects of preparation, training, and organizational support and assigned tasks on the mental health of 506 Indonesian Red Cross volunteers who participated in the response to a massive earthquake in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, in 2006. Controlling for exposure level, the volunteers were assessed for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, depression, and subjective health complaints (SHCs) 6, 12, and 18 months post-disaster. Results showed high levels of PTSD and SHCs up to 18 months post-disaster, while anxiety and depression levels remained in the normal range. Higher levels of exposure as well as certain tasks (e.g., provision of psychosocial support to beneficiaries, handling administration, or handing out food aid) made the volunteers more vulnerable. Sense of safety, expressed general need for support at 6 months, and a lack of perceived support from team leaders and the organization were also related to greater psychopathology at 18 months. The results highlight the importance of studying organizational factors. By incorporating these results into future volunteer management programs the negative effects of disaster work on volunteers can be ameliorated. © 2013 Taylor & Francis.},
	author_keywords = {disaster; earthquake; humanitarian; management; PTSD; volunteer},
	keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological; Adult; Altruism; Community Mental Health Services; Defense Mechanisms; Depressive Disorder; Disasters; Earthquakes; Female; Humans; Indonesia; Inservice Training; Life Change Events; Male; Questionnaires; Red Cross; Relief Work; Social Support; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic; Volunteers; adaptive behavior; adult; altruism; article; defense mechanism; depression; disaster; earthquake; education; female; human; in service training; Indonesia; life event; male; mental health service; organization and management; posttraumatic stress disorder; psychological aspect; questionnaire; red cross; relief work; social support; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {S. B. Thormar; Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; email: s.b.thormar@amc.uva.nl},
	issn = {14772205},
	pmid = {23205850},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Anxiety Stress Coping},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 45}
}

@ARTICLE{Roberts20171187,
	author = {Roberts, Robin and Mitchell, Corydon and Tancawan, Ana Lourdes and Pedican, Mandi and Jones, Glenn Wayne},
	title = {The prostate cancer screening clinic in the Bahamas: a model for low- and middle-income countries},
	year = {2017},
	journal = {Cancer Causes and Control},
	volume = {28},
	number = {11},
	pages = {1187 – 1193},
	doi = {10.1007/s10552-017-0972-1},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85033367342&doi=10.1007%2fs10552-017-0972-1&partnerID=40&md5=f5348e046b17660aa1d9638a6fc1be35},
	affiliations = {University of the West Indies, School of Clinical Medicine and Research, The Bahamas, Shirley Street, P. O. Box GT-2590, Nassau, Bahamas; Us TOO Grand Bahama Prostate Cancer Support Group, PO Box F-1070, Freeport, Grand Bahama, Bahamas; Rand Memorial Hospital Grand Bahama Health Services, Dept of Pathology, East Mall Drive, P.O. Box F-40071, Freeport, Grand Bahama, Bahamas; The Partners Clinical Research Centre, 72 Collins Avenue, P.O. Box N-4296, Nassau, Bahamas},
	abstract = {Purpose: Grand Bahama (pop. 51,000) is an island within the Bahamas archipelago. A local chapter of International Us TOO Prostate Cancer Support Group (UTGB) has led an annual community-based prostate cancer screening clinic in Grand Bahama each September since 2009. Features of this initiative, characteristics of attendees, and a description of found cancers were summarized to determine the clinic’s value and to guide improvements. Method: We analyzed the established clinic from 2012 to 2015, wherein UTGB attracted corporate funding, volunteers managed clinics, and health professionals provided healthcare services. An explicit algorithm was used to sort clients by age, comorbidities, and findings from digital rectal examinations, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values, to determine which clients would undergo secondary assessment and prostate biopsy. Results: Overall, 1,844 males were registered (mean age 57.6 years), and only 149 men attended on more than one occasion for a total of 1,993 clinic visit. The urologist reviewed 315 men in secondary follow-up, for elevated PSA and/or an abnormal digital rectal examination. Of these, 45 men fulfilled criteria for trans-rectal ultrasound biopsy, and there were 40 found cases of prostate cancer, for a positive-predictive value of 89%. By D’Amico risk-stratification, these 40 cases were low (10%), intermediate (40%), and high risk (50%). The urologist counseled all 40 cases and facilitated access to standard care. Conclusion: This study suggests that low-resource countries can advance cost-effective screening clinics, apply policy guidelines, and provide services within acceptable standards of care. It is the expectation, with a sustained effort and community participation over the ensuing years, that earlier disease presentation will occur and, consequently, a concomitant decrease in the disease-specific mortality. © 2017, Springer International Publishing AG.},
	author_keywords = {Community-based screening; Lower-income countries; Prostate cancer},
	keywords = {Adult; Aged; Bahamas; Biopsy; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Developing Countries; Early Detection of Cancer; Humans; Male; Mass Screening; Middle Aged; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms; prostate specific antigen; prostate specific antigen; adult; aged; antigen detection; Article; Bahamas; cancer center; cancer registry; cancer screening; comorbidity; digital rectal examination; follow up; groups by age; health care access; health care organization; health service; human; human tissue; image guided biopsy; low income country; major clinical study; male; middle aged; middle income country; predictive value; priority journal; prostate biopsy; prostate cancer; transrectal ultrasonography; biopsy; blood; cost benefit analysis; developing country; early cancer diagnosis; economics; mass screening; pathology; prostate tumor},
	correspondence_address = {R. Roberts; University of the West Indies, School of Clinical Medicine and Research, The Bahamas, Nassau, Shirley Street, P. O. Box GT-2590, Bahamas; email: robinnassau50@yahoo.com},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	issn = {09575243},
	coden = {CCCNE},
	pmid = {29119339},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Cancer Causes Control},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 6; All Open Access, Bronze Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Znidarsich2016101,
	author = {Znidarsich, Jamie and Davies, Susan and Sullivan, Susan Mary},
	title = {Promoting Resident and Family Councils: A pilot evaluation},
	year = {2016},
	journal = {Working with Older People},
	volume = {20},
	number = {2},
	pages = {101 – 109},
	doi = {10.1108/WWOP-11-2015-0029},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84971265073&doi=10.1108%2fWWOP-11-2015-0029&partnerID=40&md5=21b9e668ec0e60a7145fc9e8ae429740},
	affiliations = {Department of Acute Care, Sauk Prairie Healthcare, Prairie Du Sac, WI, United States; Department of Nursing, Winona State University, Rochester, MN, United States},
	abstract = {Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the status and impact of a recently formed Resident and Family Council to determine whether the group was achieving the goals of improving long-term care facility relationships, enhancing communication and promoting positive change within the facility. Design/methodology/approach-The pilot evaluation was designed to develop recommendations for future sustainability, of the council, as well as providing wider lessons about the benefits and potential pitfalls of such groups. Data were gathered utilizing participatory qualitative research methods. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine council members, representing all groups within the Resident and Family Council. Documents relating to the work of the council and observational field notes maintained during meetings were also analyzed. Findings-A number of themes and dynamics were identified relating to communication, collaboration and future sustainability. Practical implications-Recommendations for initiating Resident and Family Councils should include surveying interest within long-term care facilities, involving the facility ombudsmen or volunteer coordinator, and assessing resources within the community, such as volunteer organizations or partnering with local education organizations. Originality/value-This original research can serve as a template for establishing Resident and Family Councils within long-term care facilities. © 2016 Emerald Group Publishing Limited.},
	author_keywords = {Action councils; Care homes; Long-term care; Older people; Partnership; Resident and Family Councils},
	keywords = {education; family study; human; human experiment; long term care; organization; qualitative research; resident; semi structured interview; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {J. Znidarsich; Department of Acute Care, Sauk Prairie Healthcare, Prairie Du Sac, United States; email: jholweger@live.com},
	publisher = {Emerald Group Publishing Ltd.},
	issn = {13663666},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Work. Older People},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 2}
}

@ARTICLE{Skar201652,
	author = {Skar, Marit and Sydnes, Maria and Sydnes, Are Kristoffer},
	title = {Integrating unorganized volunteers in emergency response management: A case study},
	year = {2016},
	journal = {International Journal of Emergency Services},
	volume = {5},
	number = {1},
	pages = {52 – 65},
	doi = {10.1108/IJES-04-2015-0017},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84981484564&doi=10.1108%2fIJES-04-2015-0017&partnerID=40&md5=97230e0c77f8c02113bf3073bbe6937c},
	affiliations = {Tromsø Maritime School, Tromsø, Norway; The Arctic Student Welfare Organization of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Department of Engineering and Safety, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway},
	abstract = {Purpose – When emergencies occur, ordinary members of the public are often the first to respond. However, their use and integration in emergency response remain a challenge. The purpose of this paper is to explore mechanisms and strategies for integrating unorganized volunteers in emergency response. Design/methodology/approach – This is a qualitative case study. A series of anonymized, semi-structured interviews were conducted with representatives of the key emergency response organizations – the police, ambulance service, fire and rescue service, and the Red Cross, located in the city of Tromsø. In addition, regulatory documents used by these organizations were examined, including laws, contingency plans, procedural handbooks and checklists. Findings – Professional responders acknowledge the resource unorganized volunteers may represent when additional capacity is needed. However, being uncertain about their availability and competence, professional responders find it hard to integrate unorganized volunteers through formal mechanisms as contingency planning and exercises, but rather rely on informal and individual case-by-case considerations. The local Red Cross, who are part of the established response system, are developing procedures to integrate unorganized volunteers through training, exercises and response operations. This provides an innovative hybrid approach to volunteer management. Originality/value – Available research provides limited information and advice on how to integrate unorganized volunteers effectively in emergencies. This study provides insights in formal and informal mechanisms of integrating unorganized volunteers in emergency response. It also provides lessons from a case of volunteer management through the Red Cross. © 2016, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.},
	author_keywords = {Emergency response; Emergency services; Integration of unorganized volunteers; Unorganized volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {M. Sydnes; Department of Engineering and Safety, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; email: maria.sydnes@uit.no},
	publisher = {Emerald Group Publishing Ltd.},
	issn = {20470894},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Int. J. Emerg. Serv.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 48}
}

@ARTICLE{Burbeck2015287,
	author = {Burbeck, Rachel and Low, Joe and Sampson, Elizabeth L. and Scott, Rosalind and Bravery, Ruth and Candy, Bridget},
	title = {Volunteer activity in specialist paediatric palliative care: A national survey},
	year = {2015},
	journal = {BMJ Supportive and Palliative Care},
	volume = {5},
	number = {3},
	pages = {287 – 293},
	doi = {10.1136/bmjspcare-2012-000355},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84939814214&doi=10.1136%2fbmjspcare-2012-000355&partnerID=40&md5=e8fa605ea229f388ccd45eb31c0affc1},
	affiliations = {Marie Curie Palliative Care Research Unit, UCL Mental Health Sciences Unit, University College London Medical School, London, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {Objective To assess the involvement of volunteers with direct patient/family contact in UK palliative care services for children and young people. Method Cross-sectional survey using a webbased questionnaire. Setting UK specialist paediatric palliative care services. Participants Volunteer managers/coordinators from all UK hospice providers (n=37) and one National Health Service palliative care service involving volunteers (covering 53 services in total). Main outcomes Service characteristics, number of volunteers, extent of volunteer involvement in care services, use of volunteers' professional skills and volunteer activities by setting. Results A total of 21 providers covering 31 hospices/palliative care services responded (30 evaluable responses). Referral age limit was 16-19 years in 23 services and 23-35 years in seven services; three services were Hospice at Home or home care only. Per service, there was a median of 25 volunteers with direct patient/family contact. Services providing only home care involved fewer volunteers than hospices with beds. Volunteers entirely ran some services, notably complementary therapy and pastoral/faith-based care. Complementary therapists, school teachers and spiritual care workers most commonly volunteered their professional skills. Volunteers undertook a wide range of activities including emotional support and recreational activities with children and siblings. Conclusions This is the most detailed national survey of volunteer activity in palliative care services for children and young people to date. It highlights the range and depth of volunteers' contribution to specialist paediatric palliative care services and will help to provide a basis for future research, which could inform expansion of volunteers' roles.},
	keywords = {Adolescent; Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; England; Female; Health Care Surveys; Home Care Services; Hospice Care; Hospices; Hospital Volunteers; Humans; Internet; Male; Palliative Care; Pediatrics; Specialization; Surveys and Questionnaires; Young Adult; adolescent; adult; cross-sectional study; England; female; health care survey; home care; hospice; hospice care; hospital volunteer; human; Internet; male; organization and management; palliative therapy; pediatrics; procedures; questionnaire; specialization; statistics and numerical data; young adult},
	publisher = {BMJ Publishing Group},
	issn = {2045435X},
	pmid = {24644170},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {BMJ Support. Palliat. Care},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 6; All Open Access, Green Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Peltzer2015117,
	author = {Peltzer, Jill N. and Ford, Debra J. and Shen, Qiuhua and Fischgrund, Avery and Teel, Cynthia S. and Pierce, Janet and Jamison, Marian and Waldon, Trynn},
	title = {Exploring leadership roles, goals, and barriers amongKansas registered nurses: A descriptive cross-sectional study},
	year = {2015},
	journal = {Nursing Outlook},
	volume = {63},
	number = {2},
	pages = {117 – 123},
	doi = {10.1016/j.outlook.2015.01.003},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84925936647&doi=10.1016%2fj.outlook.2015.01.003&partnerID=40&md5=5b4d16aef8050730c63d2fd3a4e357d3},
	affiliations = {University of Kansas School of Nursing, Kansas City, KS, United States; St. Luke's Health System, Kansas City, MO, United States; Washburn University School of Nursing, Topeka, KS, United States; University of Kansas Hospital, Kansas City, KS, United States},
	abstract = {Objectives: The Institute of Medicine's Future of Nursing report advocates for full nurse leader representation across multiple settings to address current challenges in our health care system. The purpose of this study was to examine nursing leadership development needs among Kansas registered nurses (RNs). Methods: Data were collected through an online survey and analyzed using quantitative and qualitative methods. Results: Nearly 1,000 Kansas RNs participated. Most reported holding one or more leadership positions. Prevalent leadership goals were health care organization volunteer administrative roles. The most frequently identified barrier to developing leadership roles was time constraints. Many wanted to develop skills to serve on a board, 20% were interested in personal leadership development, and 19% in policy development. Conclusions: Based on the findings, the Kansas Action Coalition leadership team is developing programs to address the leadership needs of Kansas RNs. By building capacity in advanced leadership roles, RNs will be better prepared serve as full partners and lead efforts to promote the health of Kansans. © 2015 Elsevier Inc.},
	author_keywords = {Future of nursing; Leadership; Professional development; Registered nurses},
	keywords = {Career Mobility; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Goals; Humans; Job Satisfaction; Kansas; Leadership; Male; Needs Assessment; Nurse's Role; Nurses; Professional Competence; Surveys and Questionnaires; Time Management; career mobility; cross-sectional study; female; human; job satisfaction; leadership; male; motivation; needs assessment; nurse; nurse attitude; professional competence; psychology; questionnaire; time management; United States},
	correspondence_address = {J.N. Peltzer; School of Nursing, University of Kansas, Kansas City, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Mailstop 4043, 66160, United States; email: jpeltzer2@kumc.edu},
	publisher = {Mosby Inc.},
	issn = {00296554},
	coden = {NUOUA},
	pmid = {25771189},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nurs. Outlook},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 19}
}

@ARTICLE{Aisbett2015491,
	author = {Aisbett, Laura and Randle, Erica and Kappelides, Pam},
	title = {Future volunteer intentions at a major sport event},
	year = {2015},
	journal = {Annals of Leisure Research},
	volume = {18},
	number = {4},
	pages = {491 – 509},
	doi = {10.1080/11745398.2015.1079492},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84949534409&doi=10.1080%2f11745398.2015.1079492&partnerID=40&md5=347841d14581c6ad3491f39d78cc1376},
	affiliations = {Centre for Sport and Social Impact, Economics and Law, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia},
	abstract = {This paper presents the findings of a study that explored the intended future voluntary behaviour of volunteers at the 2013 Australian Masters Games, a major sport event held in Geelong, Australia. Grounded on data gathered from 194 participants who responded to an online survey (post-event), perceived organizational support (POS) and perceived supervisor support (PSS) theory guided the examination into volunteers’ satisfaction while volunteering at the event, and as predictors of future volunteer intentions (FVI). Upon exploring the relative contributions of POS and PSS respectively to predicting volunteer satisfaction and FVI, there were some interesting findings. In predicting the satisfaction of volunteers at the event, POS was found to make a substantial contribution to predicting volunteer satisfaction, while PSS had very little contribution. Further, POS and satisfaction were both found to make substantial contributions to predicting FVI, yet PSS was again found to have very little contribution; these findings may be explained by the relationship the volunteer had with their immediate supervisor at the event. The paper has the following implications; first it can inform volunteer managers on the practicalities of creating volunteer satisfaction, particularly those associated with sport events; second it can make recommendations based on creating lasting benefit to host communities; and finally it may provide academic benefits to research concerned with volunteerism and sport events. © 2015 Australia and New Zealand Association of Leisure Studies.},
	author_keywords = {future volunteer intentions; perceived organizational support; perceived supervisor support; sport event; volunteer satisfaction; volunteering},
	correspondence_address = {L. Aisbett; Centre for Sport and Social Impact, Economics and Law, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia; email: l.pulis@latrobe.edu.au},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {11745398},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Ann. Leis Res.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 35}
}

@ARTICLE{Darcy2014431,
	author = {Darcy, Simon and Dickson, Tracey J. and Benson, Angela M.},
	title = {London 2012 olympic and paralympic games: Including volunteers with disabilities- A podium performance?},
	year = {2014},
	journal = {Event Management},
	volume = {18},
	number = {4},
	pages = {431 – 446},
	doi = {10.3727/152599514X14143427352157},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84940993133&doi=10.3727%2f152599514X14143427352157&partnerID=40&md5=4980145f9dd282bedbfa83240d991f29},
	affiliations = {UTS Business School and Cosmopolitan Civil Societies Research Centre, University of Technology, Sydney, Lindfield, NSW, Australia; Centre for Tourism Research, Faculty of Business, Government and Law, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia; School of Sport and Service Management, Eastbourne Campus, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {This article presents an examination of the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games' volunteers who identified as having access needs and/or disabilities. The methodology draws upon data collected as part of a larger quantitative mixed method research design through an online survey that included open-ended questions. The quantitative element of the online survey was framed by the Special Event Volunteer Motivation Scale together with sociodemographic questions supplemented by disability and access specific questions. The qualitative analysis of the open-ended responses of the experiences of people with disability was framed using the UK government's Office of Disability Issues (ODI) policy conceptualization of the barriers affecting the access and inclusion of people with disability. A small number of volunteers related feedback consistent with the principles of the ODI best practice through good staff support and overall positive experiences. However, other experiences indicate significant organizational, environmental, and structural issues faced by volunteers with disability in the program. The implications of these findings for future event planning processes and broader macropolicy considerations are discussed. © 2014 Cognizant Comm. Corp.},
	author_keywords = {Disability; Inclusion; Legacy; Mega-events; Organization behavior; Sports; Volunteer management},
	publisher = {Cognizant Communication Corporation},
	issn = {15259951},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Event Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 39}
}

@ARTICLE{Falasca2012250,
	author = {Falasca, Mauro and Zobel, Christopher},
	title = {An optimization model for volunteer assignments in humanitarian organizations},
	year = {2012},
	journal = {Socio-Economic Planning Sciences},
	volume = {46},
	number = {4},
	pages = {250 – 260},
	doi = {10.1016/j.seps.2012.07.003},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84867230295&doi=10.1016%2fj.seps.2012.07.003&partnerID=40&md5=4a6f9e149cfdda9fd97b1c2187c95606},
	affiliations = {Department of Marketing and Supply Chain Management, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, United States; Department of Business Information Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States},
	abstract = {One of the challenges facing humanitarian organizations is that there exist limited decision technologies that are tailored specifically to their needs. While employee workforce management models have been the topic of extensive research over the past decades, very little work has yet concentrated on the problem of managing volunteers for humanitarian organizations. This paper develops a multi-criteria optimization model to assist in the assignment of volunteers to tasks, based upon a series of principles from the field of volunteer management. In particular, it offers a new volunteer management approach for incorporating the decision maker's preferences and knowledge into the volunteer assignment process, thus allowing him or her to closely examine the tradeoffs between potentially conflicting objectives. Test results illustrate the model's ability to capture these tradeoffs and represent the imprecision inherent in the work of humanitarian organizations, and thus demonstrate its ability to support efficient and effective volunteer management. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.},
	author_keywords = {Humanitarian logistics; Multi-criteria decision making; Optimization; Volunteer management},
	keywords = {decision making; humanitarian aid; logistics; multicriteria analysis; optimization; trade-off},
	correspondence_address = {M. Falasca; Department of Marketing and Supply Chain Management, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, United States; email: falascam@ecu.edu},
	issn = {00380121},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Socio-Econ. Plann. Sci.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 88}
}

@ARTICLE{Roza2017746,
	author = {Roza, Lonneke and Shachar, Itamar and Meijs, Lucas and Hustinx, Lesley},
	title = {The nonprofit case for corporate volunteering: a multi-level perspective},
	year = {2017},
	journal = {Service Industries Journal},
	volume = {37},
	number = {11-12},
	pages = {746 – 765},
	doi = {10.1080/02642069.2017.1347158},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85022038229&doi=10.1080%2f02642069.2017.1347158&partnerID=40&md5=2282c9ec8a0abd85b7452cd77764884d},
	affiliations = {Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Center of Social Theory, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium},
	abstract = {This article argues that the nonprofit case for corporate volunteering is complex, requiring a multi-level perspective on the outcomes for nonprofit organizations (NPOs). To develop this perspective, we adopted an inductive research approach, conducting 39 exploratory semi-structured interviews with NPO staff. We argue that NPO scholars and practitioners should disentangle individual and organizational-level outcomes resulting from interactions between corporate volunteers and NPO staff, as such micro-dynamics ultimately affect NPO services. Moreover, these outcomes are subject to conditions at the organizational level (e.g. involvement of intermediaries), as well as at the individual level (e.g. type of assignment). Our study highlights the complexity that should be considered when addressing the fundamental question of whether corporate volunteering contributes to the ability of NPOs to provide their services, and under what conditions. We therefore propose that corporate volunteer management within NPOs is inherently, albeit contingently, intertwined with the services that these organizations provide. © 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.},
	author_keywords = {Corporate volunteering; multi-level; nonprofit case; qualitative},
	keywords = {complexity; nonprofit organization; qualitative analysis; research; voluntary approach},
	correspondence_address = {L. Roza; Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50, 3062 PA, Netherlands; email: lroza@rsm.nl},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	issn = {02642069},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Serv. Ind. J.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 21; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Nazilah20161564,
	author = {Nazilah, A. and Rozmi, I. and Fauziah, I.},
	title = {The influence of demographic, motivation, satisfaction and situational factor on organizational commitment among college student volunteers},
	year = {2016},
	journal = {Advanced Science Letters},
	volume = {22},
	number = {5-6},
	pages = {1564 – 1567},
	doi = {10.1166/asl.2016.6681},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84985914384&doi=10.1166%2fasl.2016.6681&partnerID=40&md5=058feb998ad1ca779377fb40708359de},
	affiliations = {Department of Psychology and Counseling, School of Social and Economic Development, University Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia; School of Psychology and Human Development, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, The National University of Malaysia, Jalan Reko, Bangi, 43600, Selangor, Malaysia},
	abstract = {Organizational commitment is an important topic both practical and theoretical implications. Most studies in this area have looked at the organizational commitment of employees and few studies have examined organizational commitment among college student volunteers. This study extends the prior research to different sample—Malaysian college student volunteers and investigated the influence factors on organizational commitment. A survey study conducted among 310 college student volunteers in four universities in Peninsular Malaysia. Satisfaction, motivation, gender and year of study one were significant predictors for organizational commitment, whereas course of study, membership status, CGPA and academic stress did not predict organizational commitment significantly. Satisfaction was the most salient predictor for organizational commitment. The implications for college student volunteers’ managerial practices are discussed and put forward. © 2016 American Scientific Publishers. All rights reserved.},
	author_keywords = {Demography; Motivation; Organizational commitment; Satisfaction; Situational factors},
	publisher = {American Scientific Publishers},
	issn = {19366612},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Adv. Sci. Lett.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1}
}

@ARTICLE{Nichols2012169,
	author = {Nichols, Geoff and Ralston, Rita},
	title = {Lessons from the Volunteering Legacy of the 2002 Commonwealth Games},
	year = {2012},
	journal = {Urban Studies},
	volume = {49},
	number = {7},
	pages = {169 – 184},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84860517538&partnerID=40&md5=0dfb88717f5c6806debefab49a769b02},
	affiliations = {Management School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 4DT, Mappin Street, United Kingdom; Department of Food and Tourism Management, Hollings Faculty, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester MI4 6HR, Old Hall Lane, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {Potential exists for a more multifaceted and interrelated volunteering legacy from mega sporting events than has been recognised by previous research, including not only the continuation and development of volunteering activity, but also the contribution that activity makes to the social inclusion of volunteers, the economic contribution to the development of events in the region, the development of a skilled volunteer workforce and raising the standard of event volunteer management. This paper provides evidence for that claim via a case study of Manchester Event Volunteers-a volunteer development organisation established after the 2002 Commonwealth Games, which is still operating seven years later and provides a role model for volunteer broker organisations. The case study shows that local government played a key role in generating a volunteer legacy, but that legacy planning was limited by the imperative of running the event. Implications for similar events, such as the 2012 Olympics, are discussed. © 2011 Urban Studies Journal Limited.},
	keywords = {Commonwealth of Nations; economic analysis; numerical model; research work; state role; urban development; urban economy},
	correspondence_address = {G. Nichols; Management School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 4DT, Mappin Street, United Kingdom; email: g.nichols@sheffield.ac.uk},
	issn = {1360063X},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Urban Stud.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 15}
}

@ARTICLE{McNamee2014214,
	author = {McNamee, Lacy G. and Peterson, Brittany L.},
	title = {Reconciling "Third Space/Place": Toward a Complementary Dialectical Understanding of Volunteer Management},
	year = {2014},
	journal = {Management Communication Quarterly},
	volume = {28},
	number = {2},
	pages = {214 – 243},
	doi = {10.1177/0893318914525472},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84899695021&doi=10.1177%2f0893318914525472&partnerID=40&md5=255ff9e2e941d80a3321c7c39edaf295},
	affiliations = {Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States; Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States},
	abstract = {This study explicates dialectical tensions in volunteer-manager communication stemming from the contested nature of volunteering and fluidity of volunteer membership. Interviews and observations of volunteers and supervisors in three nonprofit organizational contexts revealed four central tensions that are dialectical in nature: an attraction-adjustment dialectic in the socialization of prospective and new volunteers, an ownership-oversight dialectic regarding volunteer-manager negotiation of volunteer agency and autonomy, a formalization-flexibility dialectic concerning managerial expressions of expectations for volunteer performance and commitment, and an intimacy-distance dialectic pertaining to the scope and bounds of volunteers' relationships within and outside their respective organizations. Based on these findings, we offer insight into how volunteers and managers might envision these tensions constructively as complementary dialectics. We also suggest starting points for future communication-centered theory and research on volunteer management. © The Author(s) 2014.},
	author_keywords = {dialectics; nonprofit organizations; tension-centered inquiry; volunteering; volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {L. G. McNamee; Department of Communication, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798-7368, One Bear Place 97368, United States; email: Lacy_McNamee@baylor.edu},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
	issn = {08933189},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Manage. Commun. Q.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 47}
}

@ARTICLE{Culp2012,
	author = {Culp, Ken},
	title = {Overview of the GEMS model of volunteer administration (Generate, Educate, Mobilize and Sustain)},
	year = {2012},
	journal = {Journal of Extension},
	volume = {50},
	number = {6},
	doi = {10.34068/joe.50.06.28},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84872252185&doi=10.34068%2fjoe.50.06.28&partnerID=40&md5=fff8474c56d6df2d9f283b4d93959800},
	affiliations = {Department of 4-H Youth Development, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States},
	abstract = {To organize and coordinate the efforts of many volunteers, a framework for volunteer engagement is needed. The "GEMS" Model of volunteer administration was developed to assist Extension professionals and volunteer coordinators to effectively administer volunteer programs without delivering the program themselves. The GEMS Model is illustrated in a spiral, depicting the continuous process of involving volunteers in community programs and organizations. GEMS consists of 18 steps, which exist in four distinct categories, including: Generate, Educate, Mobilize, and Sustain. The GEMS Model is a tool that will help volunteer administrators and leaders achieve the goals of the organization and its clientele. © by Extension Journal, Inc.},
	correspondence_address = {K. Culp; Department of 4-H Youth Development, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States; email: ken.culp@uky.edu},
	publisher = {Extension Journal, Inc.},
	issn = {10775315},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Ext.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 5; All Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Carvalho2017410,
	author = {Carvalho, Ana and Sampaio, Martinha},
	title = {Volunteer management beyond prescribed best practice: a case study of Portuguese non-profits},
	year = {2017},
	journal = {Personnel Review},
	volume = {46},
	number = {2},
	pages = {410 – 428},
	doi = {10.1108/PR-04-2014-0081},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85016551578&doi=10.1108%2fPR-04-2014-0081&partnerID=40&md5=192158616b7ef5ba41d03f492cd9e87b},
	affiliations = {School of Economics and Management, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; AIMinho Association, Braga, Portugal},
	abstract = {Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to complement and test prescriptive volunteer management proposals by examining how volunteers are actually managed and exploring factors other than prescribed best practice to assess volunteer management effectiveness. Design/methodology/approach: The authors use qualitative methods to study five Portuguese non-profit organisations, selected for having active volunteer programmes while presenting diverse sizes, organisation styles and levels of reliance upon volunteers. Interviews were conducted between February and August 2011 with board representatives, volunteer managers and volunteers. Findings: This paper assesses volunteer management practices in these organisations, and further identifies a number of interrelated dimensions affecting volunteer programme success, namely: centrality, formalisation, professional support, sustainability and a minimum set of practices. It also uncovers weakness points that inhibit further development, including lack of a strategic approach and limited capacity to diversify sources of financing. Research limitations/implications: This is an exploratory study, with a limited number of cases and interviews. Practical implications: This study may help volunteer managers focus their attention in aspects other than prescribed management practice. Although a minimum set of identified practices are vital, the dimensions it uncovers have a pivotal role in the success of volunteer programmes. Originality/value: This set of intertwined dimensions has not been specifically addressed in the literature. They go beyond the more conventionally prescribed volunteer management practices, and provide a promising framework for analysing the effectiveness and sustainability of volunteer management. © 2017, © Emerald Publishing Limited.},
	author_keywords = {Best practices; Case studies; Human resource management; Non-profit organizations; Qualitative; Volunteer management; Volunteer programmes},
	correspondence_address = {A. Carvalho; School of Economics and Management, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; email: anac@eeg.uminho.pt},
	publisher = {Emerald Publishing},
	issn = {00483486},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Pers. Rev.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 12}
}

@ARTICLE{Grimm201217,
	author = {Grimm, Kerry E. and Needham, Mark D.},
	title = {Internet promotional material and conservation volunteer tourist motivations: A case study of selecting organizations and projects},
	year = {2012},
	journal = {Tourism Management Perspectives},
	volume = {1},
	number = {1},
	pages = {17 – 27},
	doi = {10.1016/j.tmp.2011.12.007},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84861163198&doi=10.1016%2fj.tmp.2011.12.007&partnerID=40&md5=6f34ead92039e9b5c6e8f6291037b9f8},
	affiliations = {Environmental Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, 104 Wilkinson Hall, United States; Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 321 Richardson Hall, United States},
	abstract = {Although much research has discussed why tourists volunteer abroad, little work has explored the role of promotional material (e.g., internet websites) in volunteer decisions. We examined if promotional material played a motivating role in volunteer tourists' decision to select specific organizations or conservation projects, and if so, what in the material influenced their choices. We also identified types of promotional material used and how volunteers accessed this information. To collect data, we engaged in participant observation and conducted interviews at a conservation volunteer project in Ecuador with 36 volunteer tourists, 2 managers, and 3 volunteer coordinators. Findings revealed that volunteers almost exclusively used the internet to search for volunteer tourism opportunities. Volunteer decisions to select the organization or project were influenced by both website appearance (e.g., organized, professional) and specific content (e.g., photographs, volunteer comments, project descriptions, buzzwords). We discuss implications for managers and organizations, tourism theory, and future research. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.},
	author_keywords = {Conservation volunteer tourism; Internet; Motivations; Promotional material; Push/pull},
	correspondence_address = {K.E. Grimm; Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, 321 Richardson Hall, United States; email: kerry.grimm@oregonstate.edu},
	issn = {22119736},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Tour. Manage. Perspect.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 40}
}

@ARTICLE{Treuren201451,
	author = {Treuren, Gerrit J. M.},
	title = {Enthusiasts, conscripts or instrumentalists? The motivational profiles of event volunteers},
	year = {2014},
	journal = {Managing Leisure},
	volume = {19},
	number = {1},
	pages = {51 – 70},
	doi = {10.1080/13606719.2013.849506},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84890598115&doi=10.1080%2f13606719.2013.849506&partnerID=40&md5=94a8bbd78506c349e27ac5a87e4a7d39},
	affiliations = {Centre for Human Resource Management, School of Management, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia},
	abstract = {Recent research into volunteer motivation offers the possibility of improved recruitment and retention techniques for volunteer organizations by designing organizational recruitment messages to match volunteer motivations. Using a sample of event volunteers (N = 488) drawn from five event organizations, this paper tests for the existence of distinct groups of volunteers with similar bundles of motivations ('motivational profiles'), using cluster analysis. This paper finds six distinct motivation profiles: three types of enthusiasts who love different aspects of the volunteering experience; two types of conscripts, who serve with varying degrees of reluctance; and instrumentalists, who choose to volunteer to obtain some form of material benefit. This finding has potentially great significance for volunteer managers - enabling them to recruit the type of volunteer they want, to be able to identify the volunteer type they do not want, and to design volunteer management practices that better meet the needs of the volunteers they want to retain. © 2013 © 2013 Taylor & Francis.},
	author_keywords = {events; motivation; recruitment; volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {G. J. M. Treuren; Centre for Human Resource Management, School of Management, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; email: gerry.treuren@unisa.edu.au},
	issn = {1466450X},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Managing Leis.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 31}
}

@ARTICLE{Buehler2017548,
	author = {Buehler, James W. and Caum, Jessica and Alles, Steven J.},
	title = {Public Health and the Pope's Visit to Philadelphia, 2015},
	year = {2017},
	journal = {Health Security},
	volume = {15},
	number = {5},
	pages = {548 – 558},
	doi = {10.1089/hs.2016.0113},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85032279187&doi=10.1089%2fhs.2016.0113&partnerID=40&md5=9ca64c43ead34db9f238d5f0a685e400},
	affiliations = {Department of Health Management and Policy, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, 3215 Market St., Philadelphia, 19104, PA, United States; Division of Disease Control, Philadelphia Department of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA, United States},
	abstract = {Pope Francis visited Philadelphia for 2 days during September 2015. Preparedness functions managed by the Philadelphia Department of Public Health (PDPH) were similar to those of other mass gatherings but also required accommodation of special security arrangements and the location of public events in central areas of the city. Public health planning involved collaborations with multiple city, state, and federal agencies and neighboring jurisdictions. PDPH preparations encompassed incident command procedures, contingency planning, disease surveillance and prevention, food safety, vector control, BioWatch air sampling, volunteer management for first-aid services, and continuity of operations. These were based on, or informed by, existing emergency plans and prior experiences in responding to public health crises, supporting large public events, managing regional preparedness exercises, engaging Medical Reserve Corps volunteers, and executing routine functions. Although the papal visit concluded without the occurrence of a substantial public health or healthcare emergency, lessons learned have and will continue to improve coordination with partner agencies in planning and executing large-scale events, as well as managing regional disease surveillance procedures and medical volunteer engagement. Another area identified for improvement concerns enhancing the role of local health departments in planning for responses to possible BioWatch alerts. © 2017, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.},
	author_keywords = {Mass gatherings; Public health preparedness/response},
	keywords = {Anniversaries and Special Events; Cities; Disaster Planning; Environmental Health; Epidemiological Monitoring; Humans; Philadelphia; Public Health Administration; Security Measures; Volunteers; city; disaster planning; environmental health; epidemiological monitoring; history; human; organization and management; Pennsylvania; procedures; public health service; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {J.W. Buehler; Department of Health Management and Policy, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, 3215 Market St., 19104, United States; email: james.buehler@drexel.edu},
	publisher = {Mary Ann Liebert Inc.},
	issn = {23265094},
	pmid = {29058969},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Health Secur.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1}
}

@ARTICLE{Kramer201318,
	author = {Kramer, Michael W. and Meisenbach, Rebecca J. and Hansen, Glenn J.},
	title = {Communication, Uncertainty, and Volunteer Membership},
	year = {2013},
	journal = {Journal of Applied Communication Research},
	volume = {41},
	number = {1},
	pages = {18 – 39},
	doi = {10.1080/00909882.2012.750002},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84873134259&doi=10.1080%2f00909882.2012.750002&partnerID=40&md5=5016c252024431f18efada7738811626},
	affiliations = {Department of Communication, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, 101, Burton Hall, 610 Elm Avenue, United States; Department of Communication, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, United States},
	abstract = {Approximately 25% of Americans volunteer annually (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2011). As organizational members, they face uncertainty concerning their roles, their relationships, and their organizations (Kramer, 2004). Volunteers likely face different uncertainty management issues than employees who have been the focus of most previous research. Volunteers have a different psychological contract and different motivations than employees (Rousseau, 1990). This study examined issues of uncertainty management of volunteer members in a particular setting, a community choir. In particular, it found that supervisor and peer communication and other internal factors, such as more preparation time and less difficult tasks, were associated with higher levels of certainty for members of a community choir. In addition, higher levels of certainty and additional external factors such as family support for participation and lack of conflicts were associated with higher levels of satisfaction and identification and a greater willingness to recruit for the organization. Results have implications for improving communication to increase volunteers' certainty and increasing their voluntary participation in organizations. © 2013 Copyright National Communication Association.},
	author_keywords = {Identification; Membership; Uncertainty; Volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {M. W. Kramer; Department of Communication, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, 101, Burton Hall, 610 Elm Avenue, United States; email: mkramer@ou.edu},
	issn = {14795752},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Appl. Commun. Res.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 29}
}

@ARTICLE{Koivula2014674,
	author = {Koivula, Ulla-Maija and Karttunen, Sirkka-Liisa},
	title = {Volunteers in a hospital – Opportunity or threat? Exploratory study from Finland},
	year = {2014},
	journal = {Journal of Health Organization and Management},
	volume = {28},
	number = {5},
	pages = {674 – 695},
	doi = {10.1108/JHOM-10-2013-0218},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84907046693&doi=10.1108%2fJHOM-10-2013-0218&partnerID=40&md5=e6a203eb1c5d912f083556770b5db2f0},
	affiliations = {School of Well-Being and Social Services, Tampere University of Applied Sciences, Tampere, Finland; Research, Development and Innovation, Tampere University of Applied Sciences, Tampere, Finland},
	abstract = {Purpose – Finland represents one of the Nordic welfare states where the role of the public sector as the organiser and provider of health and social care is strong. However, the amount of voluntary work in social and health care services is surprisingly big. The strongest advocates for keeping the volunteers outside are hospitals and health centres while at the same time they are suffering from shortages of staff and staff is reporting lack of time to provide needed care for their patients. The purpose of this paper is to report the results of a study of the attitudes of professionals towards voluntary work in hospitals.; Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on an exploratory study done in three hospitals, two from an urban area and one in a rural area. The interviewees represent nursing and care staff (n = 21). The main questions were how staff members see options, constraints and drawbacks of volunteering regarding professional roles, work division, coordination and management.; Findings – Attitudes of staff varied from positive to conditional. The approaches towards voluntary work varied from holistic to task-centred or patient-centred and were linked with organisational approach, professional approach or considerations of patients’ well-being. Critical views were expressed related to managerial issues, patients’ safety and quality of care. Increasing the amount of voluntary work done in hospitals would require a considered strategy and a specifically designed process for coordination, management and rules on the division of labour.; Research limitations/implications – The research raised themes for further quantitative studies to elaborate the findings on the similarities and differences of the opinions of different staff categories and to be able to develop further the heuristic model of volunteer management triangle suggested in the paper.; Social implications – The study raises questions of the need and promotion of volunteers in general and especially in health care services. It also raises critical views related to voluntary work in hospitals.; Originality/value – The study is a new initiative to discuss voluntary work and how to manage volunteers in hospitals. It provides valuable knowledge for practitioners in health care involved in volunteer management and coordination. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.},
	author_keywords = {Health care; Hospital volunteering; Management; Non-professional care; Volunteer management; Volunteering},
	keywords = {Attitude of Health Personnel; Diffusion of Innovation; Finland; Hospital Volunteers; Interviews as Topic; Qualitative Research; Finland; health personnel attitude; hospital personnel; interview; mass communication; qualitative research},
	publisher = {Emerald Publishing},
	issn = {14777266},
	pmid = {25735424},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Health Organ. Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 8}
}

@ARTICLE{Culp III2013,
	author = {Culp III, Ken},
	title = {Mobilizing members, volunteers, and leaders in extension: The call to action},
	year = {2013},
	journal = {Journal of Extension},
	volume = {51},
	number = {4},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84884521613&partnerID=40&md5=439da68b55629c919e8a32b726af836f},
	affiliations = {Department of Family Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States},
	abstract = {Mobilizing members, volunteers, and leaders is the all-important component of a volunteer program and consists of three steps, including engage, motivate, and supervise. Providing service to an organization cannot occur without engaging its volunteers and leaders. Engaging in the performance of tasks and roles too quickly will generally result in frustration, poor performance, and a poor retention rate. Administrators of volunteer programs should understand the motives that contribute to beginning, continuing, and discontinuing volunteer service. During the supervising phase, Extension professionals and volunteer administrators determine how well the volunteer is using the available resources to perform the assigned task. © by Extension Journal, Inc.},
	correspondence_address = {K. Culp; Department of Family Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States; email: kculp@uky.edu},
	issn = {10775315},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Ext.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1}
}

@ARTICLE{Shachar20141417,
	author = {Shachar, Itamar Y.},
	title = {The White Management of ‘Volunteering’: Ethnographic Evidence from an Israeli NGO},
	year = {2014},
	journal = {Voluntas},
	volume = {25},
	number = {6},
	pages = {1417 – 1440},
	doi = {10.1007/s11266-013-9398-x},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84920997087&doi=10.1007%2fs11266-013-9398-x&partnerID=40&md5=5c42339d6af8b20788d482a052a50d10},
	affiliations = {Department of Sociology, Ghent University, Korte Meer 3-5, Ghent, 9000, Belgium},
	abstract = {The article examines the recent emergence of ‘volunteering’ as a publicly significant notion and practice. Based on an extensive fieldwork in a prominent intermediary NGO in Israel, the article follows the efforts to promote and expand ‘volunteering’ pursued by the organization’s board and staff members. Affiliated with the privileged social strata of Ashkenazi (European) Jews, whose hegemonic position has been eroded during the neoliberal transformations in Israel, the NGO staff seek to retain their privileged status through a managerial activity in the field of ‘volunteering’. They promote a particular, liberally inspired construction of ‘volunteering’, while universalizing it as a professional, a-political and consensual realm. Inspired by critical studies of ‘whiteness’, the article describes how the privileged character of this managerial activity is being successfully obscured through the representation of ‘volunteering’ as an all-inclusive aspiration. © 2013, International Society for Third-Sector Research and The Johns Hopkins University.},
	author_keywords = {Ethnography; Israel; Neoliberalism; Volunteering; Whiteness},
	keywords = {Israel; hegemony; neoliberalism; nongovernmental organization},
	correspondence_address = {I.Y. Shachar; Department of Sociology, Ghent University, Ghent, Korte Meer 3-5, 9000, Belgium; email: itamar.shachar@ugent.be},
	publisher = {Springer New York LLC},
	issn = {09578765},
	coden = {VOLUE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Voluntas},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 22}
}

@ARTICLE{Barbour2016333,
	author = {Barbour, Joshua B. and Manly, Jacquelyn N.},
	title = {Redefining Disaster Preparedness: Institutional Contradictions and Praxis in Volunteer Responder Organizing},
	year = {2016},
	journal = {Management Communication Quarterly},
	volume = {30},
	number = {3},
	pages = {333 – 361},
	doi = {10.1177/0893318916629101},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84977531375&doi=10.1177%2f0893318916629101&partnerID=40&md5=f44a2175ddfe79cead2f0ca8b32aa922},
	affiliations = {The University of Texas at Austin, TX, United States; Texas AandM University, College Station, TX, United States},
	abstract = {The utility of disaster preparation efforts involving volunteers is axiomatic, but a poor understanding of volunteer responder organizing may waste volunteer effort or, worse, endanger response. Effectively integrating volunteer effort during response necessitates understanding how volunteers figure into preparation, but most disaster research is concerned with best practices for response not preparation itself. Insights regarding the management of the political, rhetorical, and organizational challenges of implementing and evaluating disaster preparation are also needed. This study investigated how volunteer disaster responders—volunteers and volunteer coordinators in multiple Citizen Emergency Response Teams and Medical Reserve Corps—negotiated contradictions among and within institutional logics relevant to disaster preparation to justify their efforts. Their accounts drew on institutional logics of preparation and the professional to do so, and provided evidence of reflexivity about, mobilization of, and reconstruction of these logics—generative praxis that may enable innovation in disaster policy and preparation. © The Author(s) 2016.},
	author_keywords = {disaster preparedness; institutional contradictions; praxis; volunteer responders; volunteering},
	correspondence_address = {J.B. Barbour; Department of Communication Studies, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, 2504A Whitis Ave, 78712-0115, United States; email: barbourjosh@utexas.edu},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
	issn = {08933189},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Manage. Commun. Q.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 21}
}

@ARTICLE{Mayr2017259,
	author = {Mayr, Marcel Lee},
	title = {Transformational Leadership and Volunteer Firefighter Engagement: The Mediating Role of Group Identification and Perceived Social Impact},
	year = {2017},
	journal = {Nonprofit Management and Leadership},
	volume = {28},
	number = {2},
	pages = {259 – 270},
	doi = {10.1002/nml.21279},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85028947296&doi=10.1002%2fnml.21279&partnerID=40&md5=f3c01c364ea64ef3103da5f90289b7c2},
	affiliations = {University of Hamburg, Germany},
	abstract = {This study explores the relationship between transformational leadership and volunteer firefighter engagement. Using responses from 213 volunteer firefighters, structural equation modeling reveals a positive relationship between transformational leadership and volunteer engagement, which is mediated by both group identification and perceived social impact. In addition, higher volunteer engagement is positively related to a firefighter's intention to continue volunteering and to recruit others. Taken together, the results indicate that transformational leaders achieve positive volunteer outcomes by strengthening the organizational ties of volunteers and by connecting volunteers with the prosocial impact of their work. Theoretical implications for transformational leadership research in volunteer settings as well as practical recommendations for a sustainable volunteer management are provided. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
	author_keywords = {group identification; perceived social impact; referral intention; transformational leadership; volunteer engagement; volunteer firefighter},
	correspondence_address = {M.L. Mayr; University of Hamburg, Germany; email: marcel.mayr@ottogroup.com},
	publisher = {Jossey-Bass Inc., Publishers},
	issn = {10486682},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Manage. Leadersh.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 40}
}

@ARTICLE{Allen2013139,
	author = {Allen, Joseph A. and Mueller, Stephanie L.},
	title = {The revolving door: A closer look at major factors in volunteers' intention to quit},
	year = {2013},
	journal = {Journal of Community Psychology},
	volume = {41},
	number = {2},
	pages = {139 – 155},
	doi = {10.1002/jcop.21519},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84873895812&doi=10.1002%2fjcop.21519&partnerID=40&md5=db188dcd72620d2f772bff4a54115455},
	affiliations = {Creighton University, United States},
	abstract = {In nonprofit organizations, volunteer coordinators deal with high rates of volunteer turnover due, in part, to increased levels of volunteer burnout. This study sought to identify how burnout can help explain volunteers' intention to quit and identify two potential antecedents of burnout: voice and role ambiguity. Specifically, it is hypothesized that volunteer voice and role ambiguity affects volunteers' intention to quit through their relationship with volunteer burnout. Data were obtained from volunteers working in an animal welfare organization in the western United States (N = 151). An online survey was administered to volunteers who responded to a variety of questions and scales concerning their experiences as volunteers in an animal welfare organization. Structural equation modeling was used to test the mediation hypotheses. The findings provide tentative support that volunteer burnout mediates the relationship between two potential predictors of burnout (e.g., perception of voice and role ambiguity) and intention to quit. Consistent with conservation of resources theory, volunteers who are drained of their cognitive resources through dealing with a lack of voice and ambiguous volunteer role situations experience increased burnout. The practical and theoretical significance of these findings are discussed. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
	correspondence_address = {J.A. Allen; Department of Psychology, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, 2500 California Plaza, United States; email: Josephallen1@creighton.edu},
	issn = {15206629},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Community Psychol.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 62}
}

@ARTICLE{Simkus2014396,
	author = {Simkus, Audrius and Fominiene, Vilija Bite and Ivanova, Eva},
	title = {Management of volunteers as human resources in non-governmental organisations: Case of sport industry},
	year = {2014},
	journal = {Transformations in Business and Economics},
	volume = {13},
	number = {2A},
	pages = {396 – 415},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84923323119&partnerID=40&md5=598836d5da97ab4773a85f0bb5bf4524},
	affiliations = {Department of Sports Management, Economics and Sociology, Faculty of Sport Education, Lithuanian Sports University, Perkunoave. 3a, Kaunas, Lithuania; Department of Economy and Economics, Faculty of Social and Economic Relations, University of Alexander Dubcek in Trencin, Studentska 3, Trenčín, 91150, Slovakia},
	abstract = {The aim of this paper is to develop an understanding of practices of human resources management (HRM) for volunteer management in non-governmental sport organizations. Under the basis of a completed analysis of literature, a theoretic model of management is presented for volunteers as human resources in a sports organization. A qualitative research enables clarifying whether in case of volunteer management there are all management procedures, which are distinguished for volunteers as human resources in Lithuanian non-governmental sport organizations, completed. Under the basis of the following research and changed volunteer management model that is relevant for non-governmental organizations operating in sport industry is presented.},
	author_keywords = {Human resource management; Non-governmental organizations; Sport industry; Volunteers},
	publisher = {Vilnius University},
	issn = {16484460},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Transform. Bus. Econ.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 3}
}

@ARTICLE{Vareilles2015,
	author = {Vareilles, Gaëlle and Pommier, Jeanine and Kane, Sumit and Pictet, Gabriel and Marchal, Bruno},
	title = {Understanding the motivation and performance of community health volunteers involved in the delivery of health programmes in Kampala, Uganda: A realist evaluation protocol},
	year = {2015},
	journal = {BMJ Open},
	volume = {5},
	number = {1},
	doi = {10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006752},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84921921009&doi=10.1136%2fbmjopen-2014-006752&partnerID=40&md5=79d4fb88e45c5b42ad0c0a105f45094d},
	affiliations = {EHESP Rennes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Rennes, France; CNRS, UMR CRAPE Centre de Recherches Sur l'Action Politique en Europe-6051, Rennes, France; Department of Development, Policy and Practice, Royal Tropical Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, Community Health and Innovation, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium},
	abstract = {Introduction: The recruitment of community health volunteers to support the delivery of health programmes is a well-established approach in many countries, particularly where health services are not readily available. However, studies on management of volunteers are scarce and current research on human resource management of volunteers faces methodological challenges. This paper presents the protocol of a realist evaluation that aims at identifying the factors influencing the performance of community health volunteers involved in the delivery of a Red Cross immunisation programme in Kampala (Uganda) with a specific focus on motivation. Methods and analysis: The realist evaluation cycle structures the protocol. To develop the theoretical basis for the evaluation, the authors conducted interviews and reviewed the literature on community health volunteers' performance, management and organisational behaviour. This led to the formulation of the initial programme theory, which links the intervention inputs (capacity-building strategies) to the expected outcomes (positive work behaviour) with mechanisms that point in the direction of drivers of motivation. The contextual elements include components such as organisational culture, resource availability, etc. A case study design will be adopted. We define a case as a Red Cross branch, run by a programme manager, and will select two cases at the district level in Kampala. Mixed methods will be used in data collection, including individual interviews of volunteers, participant observation and document review. The thematic analysis will be based on the initial programme theory and will seek for context-mechanism-outcome configurations. Findings from the two cases will be compared. Discussion: We discuss the scope for applying realist evaluation and the methodological challenges we encountered in developing this protocol. Ethics and dissemination: The study was approved by the Ethical Committee at Rennes University Hospital, France. Results will be published in scientific journals, and communicated to respondents and relevant institutions. © 2015, BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Capacity Building; Community Health Services; Community Health Workers; Data Collection; Delivery of Health Care; Female; Humans; Immunization Programs; Male; Motivation; Professional Competence; Program Evaluation; Public Health; Research Design; Uganda; Volunteers; Article; evaluation study; female; health auxiliary; health care delivery; health care organization; health program; human; male; motivation; participant observation; quality control; rural area; Uganda; urban area; capacity building; community care; health care delivery; information processing; methodology; preventive health service; professional competence; program evaluation; public health; standards; volunteer},
	correspondence_address = {G. Vareilles; EHESP Rennes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Rennes, France; email: Vareilles.gaelle@gmail.com},
	publisher = {BMJ Publishing Group},
	issn = {20446055},
	pmid = {25631314},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {BMJ Open},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 23; All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access}
}@ARTICLE{Schmiesing2007,
	author = {Schmiesing, Ryan J. and Safrit, R. Dale},
	title = {4-H Youth development professionals' perceptions of the importance of and their current level of competence with selected volunteer management competencies},
	year = {2007},
	journal = {Journal of Extension},
	volume = {45},
	number = {3},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-34250748973&partnerID=40&md5=47db8ec29255dc5a5db6f4c5459f8ea5},
	affiliations = {Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States; 4-H Continuing Professional Education, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States},
	abstract = {The descriptive research reported here investigated Extension 4-H Youth Development professionals' perceptions of the importance of, and their current level of competence with, 127 selected contemporary volunteer management competencies organized into nine constructs. A census of NAE4-HA members was used to collect data using a Web-based questionnaire. While respondents indicated that all nine constructs were important in their management of volunteers, corresponding levels of competence were not as high. We conclude that a framework for professional development for NAE4-HA members related to the management of volunteers be developed and implemented focusing holistically on the nine volunteer management constructs. Copyright © by Extension Journal, Inc.},
	correspondence_address = {R.J. Schmiesing; Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States; email: schmiesing.3@osu.edu},
	issn = {10775315},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Ext.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 4}
}

@ARTICLE{Cuskelly200165,
	author = {Cuskelly, Graham and Boag, Alistair},
	title = {Organisational Commitment as a Predictor of Committee Member Turnover among Volunteer Sport Administrators: Results of a Time-Lagged Study},
	year = {2001},
	journal = {Sport Management Review},
	volume = {4},
	number = {1},
	pages = {65 – 86},
	doi = {10.1016/S1441-3523(01)70070-8},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-26044479950&doi=10.1016%2fS1441-3523%2801%2970070-8&partnerID=40&md5=44fba7d18f59b07ed0a7782444c7941a},
	affiliations = {Griffith University},
	abstract = {Many sport organisations that rely on the services of volunteers experience difficulties in the retention of their volunteer labour force. Organisational commitment has been demonstrated to be a significant predictor of task performance, absenteeism and turnover among employees in work organisations. Using a time-lagged research design, the purpose of this study was to examine the temporal influence of organisational commitment and perceived committee functioning in predicting committee member turnover behaviour among volunteers in community sport organisations. Data from a one-year, three-wave longitudinal study of volunteer administrators (N = 262) were used in a discriminant function analysis. It was found that organisational commitment and perceptions about committee functioning measured closest to the time that turnover occurred, were significant but not strong predictors of whether a volunteer stayed with or left the committee of their organisation. It was concluded that organisational commitment was a stronger predictor of turnover than perceived committee functioning, particularly when measured at a point closer to when the turnover occurred, and that organisational commitment may moderate the influence of perceived committee functioning on volunteer turnover behaviour. © 2001 Sport Management Association of Australia and New Zealand.},
	correspondence_address = {G. Cuskelly; Griffith University, Australia; email: G.Cuskelly@mailbox.gu.edu.au},
	issn = {14413523},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Sport Manage. Rev.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 82}
}

@ARTICLE{Biles19941107,
	author = {Biles, George E. and Bolton, Alfred A.},
	title = {Chester i. barnard: President of the uso, 1942-1945},
	year = {1994},
	journal = {International Journal of Public Administration},
	volume = {17},
	number = {6},
	pages = {1107 – 1124},
	doi = {10.1080/01900699408524935},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84963435919&doi=10.1080%2f01900699408524935&partnerID=40&md5=f7e9c4e354b669c2ed32b951c57fb7a1},
	affiliations = {School of Management Robert Morris College Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15219-3099, United States; Averett College Danville, Virginia 24541, United States},
	abstract = {This article focuses on a relatively unheralded dimension of Chester I. Barnard, author of the classic 1938 management text The Functions of the Executive. Barnard was President of the United Services Organization, Inc. (USO), a morale-enhancing volunteer organization for allied servicemen and women during World War II. The article's purpose is to describe and analyze Barnard's activities and accomplishments at the USO from 1942 to 1945. Barnard used the general management principles that he espoused through his writings in this volunteer management environment. © 1994, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {01900692},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Int. J. Public Adm.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 4}
}

@ARTICLE{Waters2010337,
	author = {Waters, Richard D. and Bortree, Denise Sevick},
	title = {Building a better workplace for teen volunteers through inclusive behaviors},
	year = {2010},
	journal = {Nonprofit Management and Leadership},
	volume = {20},
	number = {3},
	pages = {337 – 355},
	doi = {10.1002/nml.257},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-78650553658&doi=10.1002%2fnml.257&partnerID=40&md5=c14f826373b900ce872bf68161929b6b},
	affiliations = {Department of Communication, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, United States; Department of Advertising and Public Relations, College of Communications, Penn State University, University Park, United States},
	abstract = {Facing a decline in the number of hours donated to nonprofit organizations, volunteer coordinators must strive to determine the most effective strategies for retaining volunteers. Relationship management theory provides a framework to gauge the well-being of an organization’s relationship with its stakeholders. Through surveys administered to 317 teenage volunteers at three library systems, this study found that of four factors-trust, commitment, satisfaction, and control mutuality-trust had the strongest ability to predict intent to continue volunteering. Further analysis revealed that trust could be enhanced by including teenagers in work groups throughout the organization, seeking their input on organizational decisions, and ensuring they receive formal and informal organizational communications.},
	issn = {10486682},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Manage. Leadersh.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 21}
}

@ARTICLE{O'Reilly2007264,
	author = {O'Reilly, Norman J. and Knight, Peter},
	title = {Knowledge management best practices in national sport organisations},
	year = {2007},
	journal = {International Journal of Sport Management and Marketing},
	volume = {2},
	number = {3},
	pages = {264 – 280},
	doi = {10.1504/IJSMM.2007.012405},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-34047222702&doi=10.1504%2fIJSMM.2007.012405&partnerID=40&md5=6e18d3cfafc54880794446801f2df247},
	affiliations = {School of Sports Administration, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Ramsey Lake Road, Canada; Eric Sprott School of Business, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Canada},
	abstract = {Knowledge Management (KM), or the ability to effectively use, share and create knowledge to facilitate individual, team, and organisational learning is important in all organisations. KM encompasses a broad range of tools, technologies, and managerial practices intended to produce bottom line benefits by making better use of an organisation's intellectual capital and it has become an increasingly important consideration given the challenges of managing vast amounts of information. National Sport Organizations (NSO) are not-for-profit organisations that are responsible for the development of their particular sport in their own country. Workplace tools and structures that efficiently facilitate the sharing and creation of knowledge are important to the survival and growth of these organisations. The purpose of this research is to build an initial research framework that will guide research toward a better understanding of KM practices which facilitate learning and thus improve performance of not-for-profit, volunteer managed organisations. Copyright © 2007 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.},
	author_keywords = {Knowledge Management (KM); National Sport Organizations (NSO); Sport management},
	correspondence_address = {N.J. O'Reilly; School of Sports Administration, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Ramsey Lake Road, Canada; email: noreilly@laurentian.ca},
	publisher = {Inderscience Publishers},
	issn = {14758962},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Int. J. Sport Manage. Mark.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 23}
}

@ARTICLE{Taylor20101411,
	author = {Taylor, Judy and Jones, Rosalind M and O'Reilly, Peta and Oldfield, Wayne and Blackburn, Anne},
	title = {The Station Community Mental Health Centre Inc: nurturing and empowering.},
	year = {2010},
	journal = {Rural and remote health},
	volume = {10},
	number = {3},
	pages = {1411},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-79952016258&partnerID=40&md5=ca324d433152ed4843024a9bc55915b5},
	affiliations = {Centre for Rural Health and Community Development, Spencer Gulf Rural Health School, University of South Australia, University of Adelaide, Whyalla Norrie, South Australia, Australia},
	abstract = {Consumer-driven community mental health services play an important role in rehabilitation, recovery, and advocacy in rural and remote Australia. The origins of services often lie in the need to provide options for people with mental illness and their carers when there is a lack of on-the-ground support. This article adds to the information about the strengths and limitations of consumer-driven mental health services by presenting the findings of an evaluation of The Station Inc. in rural South Australia. This consumer-driven mental health service provides a safe and supportive environment, social connections, and activities for its members (those with a lived experience of mental illness). Using a realist evaluation approach, the evaluation identified the contextual factors and the program mechanisms that produce positive outcomes for members. The evaluation was conducted as participatory action research with The Station members, volunteers, management committee members, and staff involved in all phases of the research process. Because of the complexity of The Station's functioning a realist evaluation using qualitative data was conducted to identify how the program worked, for whom, and in what circumstances. Twenty-five in-depth interviews were conducted with participants who were randomly selected from within the groups identified above. Interviews focused on The Station's role in assisting recovery from mental illness, the limitations and strengths of the program, and relationships with the mental health system. The Station's goals, policies and procedures, and the role of stakeholders were analysed in order to identify any links among these contextual factors, program mechanisms, and program outcomes. Qualitative data were entered into descriptive categories in N6 software (QSR; <a href="http://www.qsr.international.com" target="_blank">www.qsr.international.com). Data from the stakeholder analysis were entered into Microsoft Excel. Using an iterative approach to include the three data sets, a model was developed that identified important contextual factors that linked with two groups of program mechanisms that produced positive outcomes for members. Program mechanisms are categorised by descriptive themes referred to as 'nurturing' and 'empowering'. Nurturing' is experienced as feeling of belonging and being accepted 'as one is' and 'empowerment' mechanisms engender a belief in oneself. Respondents identified features of The Station's program, policies, atmosphere, connections and networks, stakeholder relationships, and staff and volunteers that are nurturing and empowering. Five key contextual factors enable the program mechanisms to work. The Station's coordinators ensure that nurturing and empowerment processes are highlighted through careful facilitation. The governance arrangements, policies, and administrative systems at The Station are well developed but flexibly implemented so that they support the nurturing and empowerment processes. Support and legitimacy for the program is obtained from the mental health system at state and local levels. The Station obtains resources and connections to its rural community through key stakeholders and a peak organisation One Voice Network acts as an advocate. Information about the benefits and limitations of consumer-driven mental health services in rural and remote Australia is in short supply. Increasing the available information about the contribution these services make may result in services being legitimised, understood, and resourced within mental health systems thus making the services sustainable. The benefits of consumer-driven services are that they provide flexibility and adaptation, an ability to capture the energy and passion of rural communities to improve the wellbeing of community members, and they overcome the power differential that exists between professionals and 'patients' or 'clients'.},
	keywords = {Adult; Community Mental Health Services; Consumer Participation; Cooperative Behavior; Female; Health Promotion; Health Services Accessibility; Humans; Male; Mental Disorders; Middle Aged; Outcome and Process Assessment (Health Care); Patient Satisfaction; Quality Assurance, Health Care; Rural Health Services; South Australia; Young Adult; adult; article; Australia; consumer; cooperation; female; health care delivery; health care quality; health promotion; human; male; mental disease; mental health service; middle aged; organization and management; patient satisfaction; rural health care; statistics; treatment outcome},
	correspondence_address = {J. Taylor; email: judy.taylor@unisa.edu.au},
	issn = {14456354},
	pmid = {20701415},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Rural Remote Health},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 18}
}

@ARTICLE{Clary1992333,
	author = {Clary, E. Gil and Snyder, Mark and Ridge, Robert},
	title = {Volunteers' motivations: A functional strategy for the recruitment, placement, and retention of volunteers},
	year = {1992},
	journal = {Nonprofit Management and Leadership},
	volume = {2},
	number = {4},
	pages = {333 – 350},
	doi = {10.1002/nml.4130020403},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0026870986&doi=10.1002%2fnml.4130020403&partnerID=40&md5=ef4e985d6898fa3276a490e420df3df6},
	abstract = {A psychological strategy for understanding the motivational underpinnings of volunteerism is described. In a presentation that merges the theoretical interests of researchers with the practical interests of volunteer administrators, six different motivational functions served by volunteerism are identified, and an inventory designed to measure these motivations is presented. The implications of this functional approach for the recruitment, placement, and retention of volunteers are then elaborated. Finally, recommendations are provided for volunteer administrators who seek to increase the number of people who volunteer and to improve their human resource management. Copyright © 1992 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company},
	keywords = {Human; Motivation; Personnel Management; Personnel Selection; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; United States; Voluntary Workers; article; human; methodology; motivation; organization and management; personnel management; psychological aspect; United States; volunteer},
	issn = {10486682},
	pmid = {10119110},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Manage. Leadersh.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 266}
}

@ARTICLE{Cnaan19981,
	author = {Cnaan, Ram A. and Cascio, Toni A.},
	title = {Performance and commitment issues in management of volunteers in human service organizations},
	year = {1998},
	journal = {Journal of Social Service Research},
	volume = {24},
	number = {3-4},
	pages = {1 – 37},
	doi = {10.1300/J079v24n03_01},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0033486621&doi=10.1300%2fJ079v24n03_01&partnerID=40&md5=cf775322f2acd4a87f1970df353f4f67},
	affiliations = {School of Social Work, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, 3701 Locust Walk, United States; College of Social Work, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States},
	abstract = {Volunteers are difficult to monitor because they are not liable to serious sanctions. We propose that we cannot learn about volunteer work from existing knowledge of paid employees. We then review the literature regarding volunteer commitment and performance. Based on a sample of 510 consistent volunteers in human service organizations, we assess three sets of variables (demographic, personality, and situational) to determine their significance in explaining variability in volunteer commitment and performance. The findings suggest that careful screening and use of symbolic rewards are significant in explaining variation in volunteer satisfaction, hours volunteered per month (commitment), and length of service (tenure). © 1999 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.},
	issn = {01488376},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Soc. Serv. Res.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 166}
}

@ARTICLE{Jones19894,
	author = {Jones, C.},
	title = {Debate: paid vs. volunteer managers.},
	year = {1989},
	journal = {The Volunteer leader},
	volume = {30},
	number = {4},
	pages = {4},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0024809420&partnerID=40&md5=964351a535951636c3d93670257588ca},
	keywords = {Administrative Personnel; Hospital Administration; Hospital Shops; Hospital Volunteers; United States; administrative personnel; article; hospital management; hospital personnel; hospital subdivisions and components; organization and management; United States},
	issn = {00051861},
	pmid = {10296259},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Volunt Leader},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Watkins19911,5,
	author = {Watkins, N.S.},
	title = {Non-traditional volunteer management in the 1990s.},
	year = {1991},
	journal = {The Volunteer leader},
	volume = {32},
	number = {4},
	pages = {1, 5–6},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0026295288&partnerID=40&md5=137cdd3accaf13dd973860312d2bc604},
	affiliations = {Support Center of Chicago.},
	keywords = {Organizational Innovation; Personnel Management; Planning Techniques; United States; Voluntary Workers; article; methodology; organization; organization and management; personnel management; United States; voluntary worker},
	issn = {00051861},
	pmid = {10117657},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Volunt Leader},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{De León2007115,
	author = {De León, María Celeste Dávila and Fuertes, Fernando Chacón},
	title = {Prediction of longevity of volunteer service: A basic alternative proposal},
	year = {2007},
	journal = {Spanish Journal of Psychology},
	volume = {10},
	number = {1},
	pages = {115 – 121},
	doi = {10.1017/S1138741600006375},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-34248400785&doi=10.1017%2fS1138741600006375&partnerID=40&md5=dc523f77b5a79f9b4766a4c366224b62},
	affiliations = {Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Dpto. de Psicología Social, Facultad de Sociología, Campus de Somosaguas, 28223 Madrid, Spain},
	abstract = {A problem for many organizations is the low continuity of volunteers. Diverse theoretical models have been developed to explain sustained volunteerism, but most of these models have focused on the study of welfare volunteerism and not have verified whether their results could be generalized to other types of volunteerism. In this study, we propose a basic model to explain sustained volunteerism in any type of volunteerism. The aim of this study is to examine this basic model empirically in a sample of socio-assistential volunteers and in a sample of environmental volunteers. For this purpose, 290 volunteers completed a questionnaire and subsequently, two telephone follow-ups were carried out to determine whether the volunteers remained in the NGO one year later. The results show that the basic model offers an acceptable explanation of sustained volunteerism in the two types of volunteer samples studied, but it accounted for a low percentage of variance of the duration of service in both samples. Various relevant implications for the practical management of volunteerism in organizations are derived from theses findings. Copyright 2007 by The Spanish Journal of Psychology.},
	author_keywords = {Intention to continue; Organizational commitment; Retention; Satisfaction; Volunteerism},
	correspondence_address = {M.C.D. De León; Dpto. de Psicología Social, Facultad de Sociología, Campus de Somosaguas, 28223 Madrid, Spain; email: mcdavila@cps.ucm.es},
	publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
	issn = {11387416},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Span. J. Psychol.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 28; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Danoff199413,
	author = {Danoff, A. and Kopel, S.},
	title = {What are the motivational needs behind volunteer work?},
	year = {1994},
	journal = {The Journal of volunteer administration},
	volume = {12},
	number = {4},
	pages = {13 – 18},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0028451942&partnerID=40&md5=a10f8774849b4b079751d3e9e21c6020},
	affiliations = {Barry University., United States},
	abstract = {Identification of an individual's motivational need and desired volunteer work enables volunteer administrators to capitalize on the motivation a person brings to the organization as well as to make effective use of the role by being cognizant of the levels of participation behind the differing volunteer assignments. The Motivation by Maslow Questionnaire was used to identify motivational needs of 35 helpline (crisis) volunteers, and three categories of volunteer work were used to classify their levels of participation. Implications for improving volunteer commitment to the formal voluntary organization and recruitment and retention strategies relative to volunteer motivational needs are discussed.},
	keywords = {Female; Hotlines; Humans; Male; Motivation; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Questionnaires; United States; Voluntary Workers; article; female; human; male; manpower; motivation; psychological aspect; psychological rating scale; questionnaire; telephone; United States; voluntary worker},
	issn = {07336535},
	pmid = {10137179},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J Volunt Adm},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 5}
}

@ARTICLE{Cutt199645,
	author = {Cutt, James and Bragg, Denise and Balfour, Kim and Murray, Vic and Tassie, William},
	title = {Nonprofits accommodate the information demands of public and private funders},
	year = {1996},
	journal = {Nonprofit Management and Leadership},
	volume = {7},
	number = {1},
	pages = {45 – 67},
	doi = {10.1002/nml.4130070106},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0039107616&doi=10.1002%2fnml.4130070106&partnerID=40&md5=871f37b8504d9fc8df6dce03b5e8f88d},
	affiliations = {School of Public Administration, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada; Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks, BC, Canada; Cultural and human service nonprofit organizations, Victoria, BC, Canada; School of Public Administration, University of Victoria, Canada; NonProfit Management Leadership Program, Schulich School of Business, York University, Toronto, Canada},
	abstract = {In the absence of performance reporting standards, nonprofit organizations face difficulties in accommodating the varied and changing informational requirements of public and private funders. Clients, volunteers, management, and staff also use and demand performance information. The authors studied four human services organizations in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, and their performance reporting across the management cycle, from planning through implementation and monitoring, to external reporting and auditing. The authors analyzed documentary evidence and conducted interviews with users of performance information. they conclude this article by proposing a set of general standards nonprofit organizations can use in performance reporting. © 1996 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company.},
	issn = {10486682},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Manage. Leadersh.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 9}
}

@ARTICLE{Cassel199580,
	author = {Cassel, J.B. and Ouellette, S.},
	title = {A typology of AIDS volunteers},
	year = {1995},
	journal = {AIDS Education and Prevention},
	volume = {7},
	number = {SUPPL.},
	pages = {80 – 90},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0028789174&partnerID=40&md5=b74f181f7676e992545eea800e1a37b9},
	affiliations = {GMHC Department Evaluation Research, New York, NY 10011, 129 West 20th Street, United States},
	abstract = {Based on our research of volunteers at Gay Men's Health Crisis (GMHC) in New York City, we developed a typology of AIDS volunteers derived from their responses to our Reasons for Volunteering scale. The scale included six basic reasons, three of which were AIDS-specific and three of which represented more general reasons for doing volunteer work. Cluster analysis was used to identify sub-groups in this sample, from which we identified seven distinct and meaningful types of volunteers. One type, which we labeled Self-Sacrificers, is the closest we could find to a group of altruists-volunteers who indicated that self-gain was unimportant to them. While the volunteers who endorsed AIDS-related reasons for volunteering were most likely to be gay men and to have had significant prior AIDS-related experiences, each cluster was markedly heterogeneous in terms of demographic characteristics. Implications are drawn for the management of volunteers in community-based AIDS organizations and for further research on helping behavior and altruism.},
	keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Cluster Analysis; Female; Human; Male; New York City; Organizations, Nonprofit; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; Voluntary Workers; acquired immune deficiency syndrome; altruism; article; cluster analysis; community; cooperation; demography; experience; homosexuality; human; united states; volunteer},
	issn = {08999546},
	coden = {AEPRE},
	pmid = {8664100},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {AIDS EDUC. PREV.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 10}
}

@ARTICLE{Cnaan1992125,
	author = {Cnaan, Ram A. and Cwikel, Julie G.},
	title = {Elderly volunteers: Assessing their potential as an untapped resource},
	year = {1992},
	journal = {Journal of Aging and Social Policy},
	volume = {4},
	number = {1-2},
	pages = {125 – 147},
	doi = {10.1300/J031v04n01_10},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0027105534&doi=10.1300%2fJ031v04n01_10&partnerID=40&md5=a1bae22998af66a5276ec8f4172cd640},
	affiliations = {University of Pennsylvania, United States; Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Israel},
	abstract = {In these times of dwindling resources for human services, the elderly are considered by many policy analysts and researchers to be the largest untapped source for volunteer recruitment In this article we identify the origins of this societal expectation, its current actualization, and then analyze factors contributing to and deterring actual deployment of large numbers of elderly as volunteers. To assist in this analysis we have employed the conceptual framework that examines expected age, period, and cohort effects among the elderly on volunteerism in order to provide a basis for more realistic projections. Our findings indicate that elderly volunteers cannot be viewed as the cure-all to a squeeze cm economic resources. In light of expected changes in future cohorts, elderly volunteers can be expected to increase their contribution only if creative recruitment and training methods will be used by volunteer administrators. © 1992 by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Aged; Decision Making; Female; Humans; Social Work; United States; Voluntary Workers; aged; article; decision making; female; human; manpower; organization and management; psychological aspect; social work; statistics; United States; voluntary worker},
	issn = {08959420},
	pmid = {10186804},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Aging Soc. Policy},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 30}
}

@ARTICLE{King199227,30,
	author = {King, B.},
	title = {Taking health care to the Maasai.},
	year = {1992},
	journal = {Africa health},
	volume = {14},
	number = {2},
	pages = {27, 30},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0026617695&partnerID=40&md5=e0c7a1c026bf6240e540f8122a6e907c},
	abstract = {The Nomadic Health Unit of the African Medical and Research Foundation (AMREF) has been running mobile clinics in 2-week excursions throughout Maasailand, Kenya for 30 years. The problems The problems encountered and their solutions and the nature of the operation are reported. In the early days of the program, the emphasis was on providing immunization and preventive services. A clinician carried a microscope until a laboratory technologist was hired in 1987. Standard laboratory equipment in the mobile clinic includes a lightweight Leitz microscope which runs on a 12-volt vehicle battery or a main electric source. There is also a small portable spectrophotometer. Blood is separated and sera preserved up to 2 weeks in liquid nitrogen, an then kept refrigerated at AMREF headquarters until needed. A portable battery- operated Toshiba computer is also available. Laboratory capability means blood analysis can be performed to detect malaria, particularly chloroquine-resistant malaria. Treatment for malaria no longer involves chloroquine; amodiaquine or Fansidar is now used. In 1990, 235 slides were examined for malaria of which 16% were positive. 36 sputum stains were analyzed for acid-fast bacteria, of which 5 were positive. Maternal health care involved 561 antenatal visits, which involved hemoglobin estimates and a syphilis reagent test. Most hemoglobin results ranged between 8-11 g/dl. Patients receive supplemental iron and folic acid. Of the 575 syphilis tests, 6% were positive and patients were treated with penicillin. In northwest Turkana there has been a high prevalence (5-10%) of Echinoccus granulosis which is detected with an ultrasound scanner by a parasitologist. Small cysts are not detectable by scanner or serology. Computer analysis is accomplished with a compiled Dbase program. Several methods of data entry were tried. At present, the clinician enters patient records directly into the computer; patients keep their own records. A paper copy is also available. WHO ICD9 codes are used for identifying diseases. Coding for lab tests and prescriptions is done with a self- generated system. Compilations are made of total prescriptions, lab tests conducted, and diseases encountered. Prescriptions average 3 Kenyan shillings (US $.10). A frequent problem is patients with vague complaints desiring drugs. Drugs are dispensed as necessary, or not at all. Traditional birth attendants (TBAs) are trained by a clinic nurse by visiting other TBAs and health clinics. Community volunteers manage tachoma. Other satellite activities include a school health program and a training program for village health workers.},
	keywords = {Africa; Africa South of the Sahara; Africa, Eastern; Automatic Data Processing; Delivery of Health Care; Developing Countries; Diagnosis; Equipment and Supplies; Evaluation Studies; Health; Health Facilities; Health Planning; Health Services; Hematologic Tests; Kenya; Laboratory Techniques and Procedures; Maternal Health Services; Maternal-Child Health Centers; Mobile Health Units; Organization and Administration; Prenatal Care; Primary Health Care; Software; Africa; Africa South Of The Sahara; Computer Programs And Programming; Critique; Delivery Of Health Care; Developing Countries; Eastern Africa; English Speaking Africa; Equipment And Supplies; Examinations And Diagnoses; Health; Health Facilities; Health Services; Hematologic Tests; Information; Information Processing; Kenya; Laboratory Examinations And Diagnoses; Laboratory Procedures; Maternal Health Services; Maternal-child Health Services; Mobile Health Units; Organization And Administration; Prenatal Care; Primary Health Care; Program Design; Programs; Africa; Africa south of the Sahara; apparatus, equipment and supplies; article; blood examination; computer program; Computer Programs And Programming; Critique; developing country; diagnosis; diagnosis, measurement and analysis; Eastern Africa; English Speaking Africa; Examinations And Diagnoses; health; health care delivery; health care facility; health care planning; health center; health service; information; information processing; Kenya; Laboratory Examinations And Diagnoses; Laboratory Procedures; Maternal-child Health Services; organization and management; prenatal care; preventive health service; primary health care; Program Design; Programs},
	issn = {01419536},
	pmid = {12285083},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Afr Health},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 2}
}

@ARTICLE{Brudney1992293,
	author = {Brudney, Jeffrey L. and Kluesner, Teresa M.},
	title = {Researchers and Practitioners in Nonprofit Organization and Voluntary Action: Applying Research to Practice?},
	year = {1992},
	journal = {Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly},
	volume = {21},
	number = {3},
	pages = {293 – 308},
	doi = {10.1177/089976409202100307},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84970253053&doi=10.1177%2f089976409202100307&partnerID=40&md5=8236d64098fef422f833246c63fcdf5f},
	affiliations = {Department of Political Science, University of Georgia, Athens, United States},
	abstract = {Based on a survey of the professed needs of a large sample of volunteer administrators for research and a comprehensive analysis of the topics addressed over an extended period in a leading journal on voluntarism, this article examines the correspondence between the preferences of one group of practitioners and the interests of researchers in voluntarism. The analysis shows that the relationship between the needs of these practitioners and the publication interests of the researchers is neither as tenuous as some would fear nor as strong as others would like. If increas ing the relevance of the research literature for volunteer administrators is a priority, several means lie well within reach to forge firmer ties to the practitioner community. © 1992, Sage Publications. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {08997640},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Volunt. Sect. Q.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 8}
}

@ARTICLE{Siew200717,
	author = {Siew, Wai Yeen Valerie},
	title = {Engaging active citizenry among Singaporeans, young and old, at the Singapore public libraries},
	year = {2007},
	journal = {Library Management},
	volume = {28},
	number = {1-2},
	pages = {17 – 26},
	doi = {10.1108/01435120710723518},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-33845803679&doi=10.1108%2f01435120710723518&partnerID=40&md5=d8d75cc479c07818f9137be49dec698b},
	affiliations = {National Library Board, Singapore},
	abstract = {Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to discuss the strategies NLB has undertaken to encourage people to become active citizens at the public libraries. Design/methodology/approach - The paper covers a brief history of the volunteer movement in NLB, followed by a short discourse on the benefits of having volunteers. This is followed by a discussion on the various strategies taken by NLB for its volunteer management programme. The paper concludes with a discussion on the implications for public libraries on the need to engage and manage volunteers. Findings - The findings in the paper were: as public institutions, public libraries need to engage members of the public beyond just being library members. At the National Library Board Singapore (NLB), library volunteers are seen as strategic community partners who actively play a part in value-adding and improving library services to the public. From the volunteer standpoint, being part of the public library network is one way of giving back to the community. From the organizational point of view, having volunteers at the public libraries give NLB additional resources through which it can innovate and channel more information and knowledge seeking services. Practical implications - The paper shows that active citizenry is encouraged as part of NLB's Library 2010 blueprint to forge public libraries into social learning spaces. To do this, volunteers are engaged at different levels - both in terms of the time commitment they can give and the tasks they are willing to undertake. This allows for a flexible volunteering scheme for people from all walks of life to contribute back to society, either on a long or short-term basis, as a regular volunteer or on a project basis. Libraries hoping to engage volunteers may find the strategies outlined in the paper as useful considerations to build their own volunteer management programme. Originality/value - This paper offers practical strategic considerations to libraries and information resource centers intend on engaging volunteers as part of the resources to fulfill library services to the public.},
	author_keywords = {Public libraries; Singapore; Volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {W.Y.V. Siew; National Library Board, Singapore; email: Valier_Siew@nlb.gov.sg},
	issn = {01435124},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Libr. Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 3}
}

@ARTICLE{McDiarmid2005253,
	author = {McDiarmid, Mary and Auster, Ethel},
	title = {Using volunteers in Ontario hospital libraries: Views of library managers},
	year = {2005},
	journal = {Journal of the Medical Library Association},
	volume = {93},
	number = {2},
	pages = {253 – 262},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-23844460388&partnerID=40&md5=81436c9254033fbca0af383593044d49},
	affiliations = {Faculty of Information Studies, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. M5S 3G6, 140 St. George Street, Canada},
	abstract = {Background: Volunteers have been a resource for all types of libraries for many years. Little research has been done to describe the attitudes librarians have toward library volunteers. More specifically, the attitudes of hospital librarians toward volunteers have never been studied. Objective: The objective was to explore and describe the extent of volunteer use and to determine library managers' attitudes toward volunteers. Design, Setting, and Participants: An anonymous, self-report 38-item questionnaire was mailed to the target population of 89 hospital library managers in Ontario. Seventy-nine useable questionnaires were analyzed from an adjusted sample of 86 eligible respondents, resulting in a response rate of 92%. SPSS 11.5 was used to analyze the data. Findings: The data revealed the attitudes of managers using volunteers did not differ significantly from the attitudes of managers not using volunteers. The findings showed that a majority of managers did not believe their libraries were adequately staffed with paid employees. Sufficient evidence was found of an association between a manager's belief in the adequacy of staffing in the library and the use of volunteers in the library (χ2(1, N = 76) = 4.11, P = 0.043). Specifically, volunteers were more likely to be used by managers who did not believe their libraries were adequately staffed. The presence of a union in the library and the use of volunteers were also associated (χ2(1, N = 77) = 4.77, P = 0.029). When unions were present in the library, volunteers were less likely to be used. Implications: This research has implications for hospital library managers in the management of volunteers. Volunteers should not be viewed as a quick fix or as a long-term solution for a library's understaffing problem.},
	keywords = {Administrative Personnel; Efficiency, Organizational; Humans; Interpersonal Relations; Libraries, Hospital; Libraries, Medical; Library Services; Ontario; Personnel Staffing and Scheduling; Questionnaires; Voluntary Workers; article; attitude; Canada; hospital; library; manager; self report; administrative personnel; human; human relation; organization and management; personnel management; questionnaire; standard; statistics; voluntary worker},
	correspondence_address = {M. McDiarmid; Faculty of Information Studies, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. M5S 3G6, 140 St. George Street, Canada; email: seajay@interlinks.net},
	issn = {15365050},
	coden = {JMLAC},
	pmid = {15858629},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Med. Libr. Assoc.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 7}
}

@ARTICLE{Abraham2011687,
	author = {Abraham, Anne and Millar, Murray},
	title = {Applying a gift-exchange perspective to effective volunteering in Papua New Guinea},
	year = {2011},
	journal = {Pacific Affairs},
	volume = {84},
	number = {4},
	pages = {687 – 713},
	doi = {10.5509/2011844687},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84865881485&doi=10.5509%2f2011844687&partnerID=40&md5=84422460c77d144cd32e467338de7603},
	affiliations = {University of Western Sydney, Sydney, Australia},
	abstract = {This article examines the differing meanings of volunteering that underlie the management of volunteers in diverse cultural contexts by analyzing a case study of an Australian non-government organization (NGO) working in Papua New Guinea (PNG), where local volunteers are engaged in a number of its programs. The results indicate that gift-exchange theory may be a fundamental influence shaping attitudes towards volunteering by PNG nationals. This has led to the development of a gift-exchange model to assist other Western-based NGOs to manage formal volunteering in Pacific nations in a way that is both effective and culturally appropriate. © Pacific Affairs.},
	author_keywords = {Gift-exchange; Melanesia; Non-government organizations; Papua New Guinea; Volunteering},
	keywords = {Melanesia; Papua New Guinea; nongovernmental organization; numerical model; participatory approach; voluntary approach},
	publisher = {University of British Columbia},
	issn = {0030851X},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Pac. Aff.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 4}
}

@ARTICLE{Bowen200094,
	author = {Bowen, Deborah J. and Kuniyuki, Alan and Shattuck, Ann and Sponzo, Robert W.},
	title = {Results of a volunteer program to conduct dietary intervention research for women},
	year = {2000},
	journal = {Annals of Behavioral Medicine},
	volume = {22},
	number = {1},
	pages = {94 – 100},
	doi = {10.1007/BF02895173},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0033865157&doi=10.1007%2fBF02895173&partnerID=40&md5=9540b40b14c9109c5858702b0e3b5485},
	affiliations = {Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, 1100 Fairview Avenue, N, United States; Glens Falls Hospital, Glens Falls, United States},
	abstract = {The American Cancer Society (ACS) initiated the Breast Cancer Dietary Intervention Project (BCDIP) to involve community volunteers in cancer- related intervention research activities focused on dietary fat reduction in women with breast cancer. This article presents data on the volunteer aspects of the project, with two aims: (a) to describe the volunteer recruitment and intervention designed for the BCDIP, conducted jointly by the American Cancer Society and the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, and (b) to present baseline characteristics and predictors of retention of the BCDIP volunteers. There were five types of volunteers, called volunteer adjunct researchers or VARs, in the BCDIP. VARs were recruited using a variety of approaches, including electronic media alerts, flyers in oncology clinics, and notices in the newsletters of state nursing and nutritional professional organizations. Over half of all VARs came from two main sources: the media (television, radio, newspapers) and from work-related sources. Over half (58%) of the VARs had professional licenses in nursing or dietetics, and 46% were employed full-time. Several types of motivations for participating in the BCDIP, including altruistic reasons (want to help others, help people with cancer), health concerns (family/friend with breast cancer, have had cancer), and work-related reasons (gain professional skills) were important. Sixty-eight percent of VARs remained with the project for its entirety. Predictors of retention in the VAR program included previous ACS volunteer experience with initial motivations to volunteer and the interaction of employment status and professional nursing training. In future research and community-based projects, better recruitment and volunteer coordination procedures should be used to reduce dropout rates and maintain volunteer commitment and participation.},
	keywords = {adult; article; breast cancer; cancer prevention; dietary intake; education program; fat intake; female; health program; human; major clinical study; volunteer},
	issn = {08836612},
	pmid = {10892534},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Ann. Behav. Med.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 3; All Open Access, Bronze Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Hustinx2009202,
	author = {Hustinx, Lesley and Handy, Femida},
	title = {Where do i belong? Volunteer attachment in a complex organization},
	year = {2009},
	journal = {Administration in Social Work},
	volume = {33},
	number = {2},
	pages = {202 – 220},
	doi = {10.1080/03643100902769129},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-70449125917&doi=10.1080%2f03643100902769129&partnerID=40&md5=8705bdbea3ab1d7b3cd4ccb13e4c88ec},
	affiliations = {Centre for Sociological Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven BE-3000, E. Van Evenstraat 2B, Belgium; School of Social Policy and Practice, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States},
	abstract = {To understand volunteer retention and recruitment in complex organizations, this paper focuses on volunteers' attachment to a multipurpose and multi-branch organization. Using the Red Cross in Flanders (Belgium), a service organization with multiple locations offering a variety of programs, we investigate whether volunteers' attachment is primarily directed toward the organization as a whole, or whether volunteers are more prone to develop localized attachment to the program or branch in which they participate. Our findings suggest that managers recruiting volunteers to large complex organizations should be cautious in using the overarching organizational mission to attract volunteers. Rather, attention should be put on specific programs and activities using volunteers. It is only through longer-term service that volunteers appreciate the organization's mission and principles and find their allegiance to the organization as a whole.},
	author_keywords = {Organizational complexity; Red Cross; Volunteer attachment; Volunteer loyalty; Volunteer management},
	correspondence_address = {L. Hustinx; Centre for Sociological Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven BE-3000, E. Van Evenstraat 2B, Belgium; email: lesley.hustinx@soc.kuleuven.be},
	issn = {15444376},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Admin. Soc. Work},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 19; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Cuskelly2002191,
	author = {Cuskelly, Graham and Harrington, Maureen and Stebbins, Robert A.},
	title = {Changing levels of organizational commitment amongst sport volunteers: A serious leisure approach},
	year = {2002},
	journal = {Leisure/ Loisir},
	volume = {27},
	number = {3-4},
	pages = {191 – 212},
	doi = {10.1080/14927713.2002.9651303},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-33750200685&doi=10.1080%2f14927713.2002.9651303&partnerID=40&md5=6eaff8645c5fb669d298c6c9dcc06446},
	affiliations = {School of Leisure Studies, Griffith University, Australia; Department of Sociology, University of Calgary, Canada},
	abstract = {Taking a serious leisure approach, a sample of volunteer administrators in community sport organizations were surveyed about their level of organizational commitment and their reasons for initially volunteering and continuing to volunteer. The aim was to explore the dynamics of changing levels of commitment in relation to initially volunteering and continuing to volunteer. Based on their reasons for volunteering, the respondents were categorized as either marginal or career volunteers on two separate occasions. For many respondents, their reasons for volunteering changed from when they initially volunteered to the reasons they had for continuing. Levels of organizational commitment also changed over time and declined for both marginal and career volunteers, but the results suggested that career volunteers are more highly committed than their marginal counterparts. It was concluded that, from time to time, volunteers may re-evaluate their reasons for volunteering and that as their reasons for volunteering change, so does their level of organizational commitment. Though less committed than career volunteers, marginal volunteers who continued to volunteer held a positive attitude toward their community sport organization. © 2002/2003 Ontario Research Council on Leisure.},
	author_keywords = {Commitment; Motivation; Serious leisure; Sport organizations; Volunteering},
	correspondence_address = {G. Cuskelly; School of Leisure Studies, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia; email: G.Cuskelly@mailbox.gu.edu.au},
	issn = {14927713},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Leis. Loisir},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 48}
}

@ARTICLE{Metzendorf1992255,
	author = {Metzendorf, Diane and Cnaan, Ram A.},
	title = {Volunteers in feminist Organizations},
	year = {1992},
	journal = {Nonprofit Management and Leadership},
	volume = {2},
	number = {3},
	pages = {255 – 269},
	doi = {10.1002/nml.4130020305},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84994963922&doi=10.1002%2fnml.4130020305&partnerID=40&md5=32b654018892afa8ed32ce2aebd3865d},
	abstract = {The use of women volunteers, a hotly debated issue among feminists in the 1970s, currently receives little attention, even in the literature. What few studies are available are often contradictory. These studies approach the issue of women volunteering from three main perspectives: (1) as a substitute for work, especially for married women, (2) as a stepping stone for reentry into the work force, or (3) as a form of exploitation. Two main groups of women volunteers are identified in the literature: middle‐ to upper‐class civic leaders and lower‐ to middle‐class service providers. In this article, we examine whether the use and management of women volunteers in feminist organizations is consistent with feminist ideology that opposes unpaid work by women. Our findings, based on a comprehensive study of fifteen feminist organizations, indicate that the use of volunteers is often contrary to feminist ideology. We conclude with a discussion of ways in which volunteer management in feminist organizations can be made more compatible with feminist ideology. Copyright © 1992 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company},
	issn = {10486682},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Manage. Leadersh.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 24}
}

@ARTICLE{Kaufman200565,
	author = {Kaufman, Roni and Mirsky, Julia and Avgar, Amos and Barasch, Miriam and Kol-Fogelson, Aliza},
	title = {Overcoming the barriers: A case study of service volunteers in post-Soviet Russia},
	year = {2005},
	journal = {International Journal of Social Welfare},
	volume = {14},
	number = {1},
	pages = {65 – 68},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1468-2397.2005.00340.x},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-12744274800&doi=10.1111%2fj.1468-2397.2005.00340.x&partnerID=40&md5=d5801a69c0b65b96f6af39854f233414},
	affiliations = {Department of Social Work, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-sheva 84105, P.O. Box 653, Israel; American Jewish Joint Distr. Comm., Jerusalem 91034, Israel},
	abstract = {Voluntary organisations and volunteer action are new phenomena in post-Soviet Russia. Despite growing needs, cultural and socio-economic barriers preclude their massive development. This is a report on a case study of a volunteer programme that succeeded in overcoming these barriers, and in recruiting large numbers of volunteers. Characteristics of the volunteers and organisational conditions that enabled this success were identified and lessons drawn. © Blackwell Publishing, 2004.},
	author_keywords = {Russia; Service volunteers; Volunteer management},
	correspondence_address = {R. Kaufman; Department of Social Work, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-sheva 84105, P.O. Box 653, Israel; email: ronika@bgumail.bgy.ac.il},
	publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},
	issn = {13696866},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Int. J. Soc. Welf.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 3}
}

@ARTICLE{Stirling2011321,
	author = {Stirling, Christine and Kilpatrick, Sue and Orpin, Peter},
	title = {A psychological contract perspective to the link between non-profit organizations' management practices and volunteer sustainability},
	year = {2011},
	journal = {Human Resource Development International},
	volume = {14},
	number = {3},
	pages = {321 – 336},
	doi = {10.1080/13678868.2011.585066},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84864946486&doi=10.1080%2f13678868.2011.585066&partnerID=40&md5=fb257fcd8e65555b7b1088e31178447a},
	affiliations = {Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia; Alfred Deakin Research Institute, Deakin University, Warrnambool, Australia; University Department of Rural Health, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia},
	abstract = {This study applies the concept of the psychological contract to the relationship between management practices and volunteers. Formalization of the voluntary sector is impacting on volunteers' experiences and may breach the psychological contract from the volunteers' perspective. This mixed method study interviewed 67 volunteers and volunteer coordinators/administrators, and collected mail survey information from 152 volunteer organizations. The transactional management practices of keeping formal records and not paying volunteers out of pocket expenses are negatively associated with volunteer recruitment and retention. Alternatively, publicly recognizing volunteers through a volunteer newsletter supports volunteers' relational expectations and is positively linked to adequate volunteer numbers. Our findings have important implications for the human resource development practices of non-profit organizations in dealing with theirvolunteers: they suggest that the relational expectations of volunteers are animportant aspect of the psychological contract, which could be used by organizations as a framework for developing management practices that fit the volunteer ethos of trust and networks. © 2011 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.},
	author_keywords = {Health; Non-profit; Organizations; Rural; Volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {C. Stirling; Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia; email: Christine.Stirling@utas.edu.au},
	issn = {13678868},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Hum. Resour. Dev. Int.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 65}
}

@ARTICLE{Wilson2000107,
	author = {Wilson, P.E.},
	title = {Hospice volunteer training: making the experience more meaningful.},
	year = {2000},
	journal = {The American journal of hospice & palliative care},
	volume = {17},
	number = {2},
	pages = {107 – 110},
	doi = {10.1177/104990910001700210},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0034157546&doi=10.1177%2f104990910001700210&partnerID=40&md5=f5a59d3ce707e0de366c9fc4418677f6},
	affiliations = {Volunteer Services, VNA Health Care Hospice, Hartford, Connecticut, United States},
	abstract = {Each volunteer coordinator continues to make changes and adjustments in the hospice training classes--some changes arise from circumstances such as staff availability, and some are conscious choices to try new ways of structuring the learning environment. As we shape and refine the experience that we provide for our new volunteers, let us make a special effort to create one that offers not only a comprehensive overview of hospice goals, philosophy, and end-of-life issues, but also a personally challenging and enriching team interaction.},
	keywords = {Attitude of Health Personnel; Curriculum; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Hospices; Humans; Inservice Training; Interprofessional Relations; Needs Assessment; Organizational Innovation; Organizational Objectives; Patient Care Team; Voluntary Workers; article; attitude to health; curriculum; education; health personnel attitude; hospice; human; in service training; manpower; needs assessment; organization; organization and management; patient care; psychological aspect; public relations; voluntary worker},
	issn = {10499091},
	pmid = {11406954},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Am J Hosp Palliat Care},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 17}
}

@ARTICLE{Wymer199951,
	author = {Wymer, Walter W.},
	title = {Hospital volunteers as customers: Understanding their motives, how they differ from other volunteers, and correlates of volunteer intensity},
	year = {1999},
	journal = {Journal of Nonprofit and Public Sector Marketing},
	volume = {6},
	number = {2-3},
	pages = {51 – 76},
	doi = {10.1300/J054v06n02_03},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-1342277974&doi=10.1300%2fJ054v06n02_03&partnerID=40&md5=41c5f37926435fd85b929a6048b16ad9},
	affiliations = {Christopher Newport University, Newport News VA 23606, United States},
	abstract = {The research objectives were to better understand the motives of hospital volunteers, determine if hospital volunteers could be differentiated from other volunteers using determinant variables from multiple conceptual domains, and to discover correlates which may predict more intensive volunteering. Social lifestyle, demographic, personality, and terminal value measures were obtained from a sample of 105 hospital volunteers and 908 volunteers serving in other organizations. Survey respondents were derived from over 40 nonprofit organizations in two midwestern cities. In comparing hospital volunteers to volunteers serving in other types of organizations, hospital volunteers are differentiated by two demographic variables (age and average hours volunteered each month), two social lifestyle variables (the number of volunteer organizations in which they serve and the frequency of attendance at religious services), one personality variable (self-esteem), and one value (a world of beauty). Determinates of three facets of volunteer intensity were examined: the number of hours worked in all volunteer organizations, the number of hours worked for the volunteer's primary organization, and the number of organizations in which the volunteer serves. A qualitative section of this article provides insights into events leding to hospital volunteering, influences on volunteer retention, and perceived benefits and rewards of hospital volunteering. Managerial implications of the findings are discussed. © 1999 by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved.},
	correspondence_address = {W.W. Wymer; Christopher Newport University, Newport News VA 23606, United States; email: wwymci@ciiu.edu},
	issn = {10495142},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Nonprofit Public Sect. Mark.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 14}
}

@ARTICLE{Carmen Hidalgo2009594,
	author = {Carmen Hidalgo, M. and Moreno, Pilar},
	title = {Organizational socialization of volunteers: The effect on their intention to remain},
	year = {2009},
	journal = {Journal of Community Psychology},
	volume = {37},
	number = {5},
	pages = {594 – 601},
	doi = {10.1002/jcop.20317},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-67249150467&doi=10.1002%2fjcop.20317&partnerID=40&md5=6bb0d636440c3c749bfb1b1e457c1451},
	affiliations = {Departamento de Psicología Social, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Málaga, Spain},
	abstract = {Identifying the factors affecting the retention of volunteers in their activities is one of the main objectives for researchers and volunteer managers. There have been many studies with this aim and many factors affecting sustained volunteerism have been identified. However, one of the limits of these models is the low percentage of explained variance, which indicates that there are other additional factors, yet unidentified, which may have an important influence in the prediction of durability as a volunteer. In our study, we intend to analyze the effect that some factors of organizational socialization of volunteers have on their intention to remain volunteers. In particular, we will focus on the level of integration in the organization, evaluated from five variables: social networks, training, understanding, social support inside the organization, and characteristics of the job they perform. The statistical analysis shows that social networks, organizational support, positive task, and formation are highly significant predictors of the intention to remain a volunteer. These four variables explain 29% of the variability of the dependent variable, while the variables understanding and social support of the volunteers were excluded from the regression equation. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
	correspondence_address = {M. Carmen Hidalgo; s/n Málaga 29071, Campus de Teatinos; email: mchidalgo@uma.es},
	issn = {15206629},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Community Psychol.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 79}
}

@ARTICLE{Fletcher2003505,
	author = {Fletcher, Anne and Guthrie, James and Steane, Peter and Roos, GÖran and Pike, Stephen},
	title = {Mapping stakeholder perceptions for a third sector organization},
	year = {2003},
	journal = {Journal of Intellectual Capital},
	volume = {4},
	number = {4},
	pages = {505 – 527},
	doi = {10.1108/14691930310504536},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84986116662&doi=10.1108%2f14691930310504536&partnerID=40&md5=ff6ab7637b3d74a33c39570d9fec2ff5},
	affiliations = {Macquarie Graduate School of Management, Macquarie University, NSW, Australia; Intellectual Capital Services Limited, London, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {Few authors have examined the intellectual capital of non-profit organizations or discussed their strategic management in terms of intangibles. The Australian Red Cross Blood Service (ARCBS), a third sector organization, is the subject of this study. The purpose of the study is to better understand the value dimensions of the ARCBS from an external stakeholder perspective. Outcomes include the creation of a value hierarchy, inclusive of the views of 11 stakeholder groups. The results show overall agreement amongst stakeholders about the four most highly valued key performance areas (KPAs) of ARCBS (safe product, product sufficiency, donor and volunteer management and public confidence). However, there were many differences between different stakeholder groups in their perceptions of the relative importance of the nine KPAs and their constituent attributes. As a result of the study ARCBS has a basis to manage strategy, organizational performance and communication with stakeholders. © 2003, MCB UP Limited},
	author_keywords = {Intangible assets; Intellectual capital; Non-profit organizations; Stakeholders},
	issn = {14691930},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Intellect. Cap.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 129}
}

@ARTICLE{Dorwaldt198823,
	author = {Dorwaldt, A.L. and Solomon, L.J. and Worden, J.K.},
	title = {Why volunteers helped to promote a community breast self-exam program.},
	year = {1988},
	journal = {The Journal of volunteer administration},
	volume = {6},
	number = {4},
	pages = {23 – 30},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0024023004&partnerID=40&md5=c278fb59ec3b8b9c792cf1977844adc8},
	abstract = {Involving volunteers in community health programs is common practice. However, there is little information about specific methods to motivate volunteers to become involved and stay involved. In a community breast self-exam (BSE) education project, volunteers played a major role in the recruitment of women for BSE training presentations given by nurse instructors. Working in a support group capacity, approximately 20 women volunteers in each of two communities completed recruitment tasks such as hosting presentations in their own homes, arranging for presentations for a club or organization, and endorsing the program in the media. At the end of a three-month period, the activities of these volunteers had increased participation of community women in presentations by 50% in one community and 115% in the second community, and the BSE education program had increased both the frequency and quality of BSE practice throughout both communities. Because of the success of the volunteer support group strategy, an interview was conducted with the eleven "super-star" volunteers to assess the motivational factors influencing their initial and continued involvement. Results include a description of common characteristics of these highly motivated volunteers and several recommendations for volunteer administrators or for anyone attempting to recruit and maintain motivated groups of volunteers.},
	keywords = {Breast Neoplasms; Community Health Services; Female; Human; Middle Age; Motivation; Palpation; Self-Help Groups; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; Vermont; Voluntary Workers; adult; article; breast tumor; community care; female; human; motivation; organization and management; palpation; psychological aspect; self help; United States; volunteer},
	issn = {07336535},
	pmid = {10288716},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J Volunt Adm},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 4}
}

@ARTICLE{Loo2001288,
	author = {Loo, R.},
	title = {Attitudes of management undergraduates toward persons with disabilities: A need for change},
	year = {2001},
	journal = {Rehabilitation Psychology},
	volume = {46},
	number = {3},
	pages = {288 – 295},
	doi = {10.1037/0090-5550.46.3.288},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0034823289&doi=10.1037%2f0090-5550.46.3.288&partnerID=40&md5=5f46f0a2a70706389fe486df61c1c180},
	affiliations = {University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alta. T1K 3M4, Canada},
	abstract = {Objective: To examine attitudes toward persons with disabilities of management undergraduates who will be the next generation of professionals and managers hiring and working with employees or clients with disabilities. Participants: A convenience sample of 231 volunteer management undergraduates (129 men and 102 women) ranging in age from 19 to 51 years (M = 22.89, SD = 4.43) from 7 human resource management and organizational behavior management classes in a small western Canadian university. Main Outcome Measures: L. Gething's (1991) Interaction With Disabled Persons Scale (IDP) along with open-ended questions and the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (D. P. Crowne & D. Marlowe, 1960). Results: This Canadian sample expressed a complex set of positive and negative attitudes toward persons with disabilities. Conclusions: There is a need to sensitize management undergraduates to issues regarding employment of people with disabilities. Recommendations are presented.},
	keywords = {adult; article; attitude; Canada; employment; female; human; male; management; normal human; organization; physical disability; rating scale},
	correspondence_address = {R. Loo; University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alta. T1K 3M4, Canada; email: loo@uleth.ca},
	issn = {00905550},
	coden = {RHBPB},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Rehabil. Psychol.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 34}
}

@ARTICLE{Kebede2001231,
	author = {Kebede, E. and Jolly, C.M.},
	title = {Effects of financial structure and instruments on income of low income credit unions},
	year = {2001},
	journal = {Applied Financial Economics},
	volume = {11},
	number = {2},
	pages = {231 – 236},
	doi = {10.1080/096031001750071622},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0035080594&doi=10.1080%2f096031001750071622&partnerID=40&md5=7a44438c6dec8e252e8efd06d16e70a5},
	affiliations = {Department of Agricultural Economics, Auburn Univ. Agr. Exp. Station, Auburn University, Alabama 36849-5406, 202 Comer Hall, United States},
	abstract = {The effects of loan to asset ratio, investment to asset ratio, management composition and delinquency rate on income to asset ratio of low income credit unions (LICUs) were evaluated. Specific attention was given to risk income behaviours of LICUs. It was found that loan to asset ratio positively influenced the magnitude of income to asset ratio, while the investment to asset ratio had a negative effect on the income to asset ratio. LICUs that employed managers had higher incomes to asset ratios than those with volunteer managers serving in this capacity. The delinquency rate and income to asset ratio were positively related, but negatively related to delinquency rate squared indicating that when the delinquency rate increased at an increasing rate the income to asset ratio fell. LICUs portrayed three risk behavioural patterns, each associated with size or income of the organization: (1) small LICUs had high risk behaviour, (2) middle income LICUs were risk neutral, and (3) large LICUs accepted higher risks as income increased.},
	keywords = {credit provision; financial system; income; risk factor},
	correspondence_address = {C.M. Jolly; Department of Agricultural Economics, Auburn Univ. Agr. Exp. Station, Auburn University, Alabama 36849-5406, 202 Comer Hall, United States; email: cjolly@acesag.auburn.edu},
	issn = {09603107},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Appl. Financ. Econ.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 6}
}

@ARTICLE{Bang2009139,
	author = {Bang, Hyejin},
	title = {The direct and indirect influences of sporting event organization's reputation on volunteer commitment},
	year = {2009},
	journal = {Event Management},
	volume = {13},
	number = {3},
	pages = {139 – 152},
	doi = {10.3727/152599509790029800},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-77955736494&doi=10.3727%2f152599509790029800&partnerID=40&md5=caf31ef64b430a0c9e57021e523ce449},
	affiliations = {Recreation and Sports Management, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States},
	abstract = {Volunteers have been recognized as one of the most crucial stakeholders in producing successful sporting events. Brand management research provides implications for a potential relationship between reputation of a sporting event organization and volunteer commitment to the event. The purpose of the study was to examine a proposed model integrating both the direct and indirect effects of a sporting event organization's reputation on the volunteer commitment in a sporting event. The data came from 205 individuals who volunteered at an annual sporting event held in a Midwestern state in north central US. The findings indicate that an organization's reputation has a direct effect on the level of volunteer commitment, as well as an indirect effect through volunteer satisfaction. The study illustrates the importance of sporting event organization's reputation in volunteer commitment and helps sporting event organizations or volunteer managers develop effective volunteer management strategies. © 2009 Cognizant Comm. Corp.},
	author_keywords = {Commitment; Organizational reputation; Sporting event; Volunteerism},
	correspondence_address = {H. Bang; Recreation and Sports Management, Florida International University, University Park, Miami, FL 33199, ZEB 360B, 11200 SW 8th Street, United States; email: bangh@fiu.edu},
	issn = {15259951},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Event Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 17}
}

@ARTICLE{Bembry199614,
	author = {Bembry, J.X.},
	title = {The impact of volunteer coordinators on volunteer programs: an evaluation of Volunteer Maryland!},
	year = {1996},
	journal = {The Journal of volunteer administration},
	volume = {14},
	number = {2},
	pages = {14 – 20},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0030511604&partnerID=40&md5=001eb41d6b18183d5ce27fcb9b3b59e2},
	affiliations = {University of Maryland Baltimore County, United States},
	keywords = {Aged; Community Health Services; Female; Humans; Male; Maryland; Middle Aged; Organizations, Nonprofit; Pilot Projects; Program Development; Voluntary Workers; aged; article; community care; education; female; human; male; manpower; middle aged; non profit organization; pilot study; program development; statistics; United States; voluntary worker},
	issn = {07336535},
	pmid = {10156301},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J Volunt Adm},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 4}
}

@ARTICLE{Seel199633,
	author = {Seel, K.},
	title = {The new AVA statement of professional ethics in volunteer administration. Association for Volunteer Administration.},
	year = {1996},
	journal = {The Journal of volunteer administration},
	volume = {14},
	number = {2},
	pages = {33 – 38},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0030497130&partnerID=40&md5=89726dcb8af6c12a82fba17929f0a329},
	affiliations = {Volunteer Centre of Calgary, Alberta, Canada},
	keywords = {Canada; Ethics, Professional; Models, Psychological; Organizational Policy; Societies; United States; Voluntary Workers; article; Canada; health care organization; medical ethics; policy; psychological model; United States; voluntary worker},
	issn = {07336535},
	pmid = {10156303},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J Volunt Adm},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1}
}

@ARTICLE{19924,
	title = {AIDS is everybody's business: reaching people at work: programmes in Uganda, India and Zimbabwe.},
	year = {1992},
	journal = {AIDS action},
	number = {18},
	pages = {4 – 5},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0026919167&partnerID=40&md5=6710004fc3f06f9cb16d0d5e35e5ad31},
	abstract = {The AIDS advice of Ajonye Fermina Acuba, a trainer with the Federation of Uganda Employers (FUE), is provided in a serious of questions and answers. Other workplace experiences in Zimbabwe and India are reported. Questions were asked about the nature of the AIDS program in Uganda, the secrets of the program's success, the experiences of educators, and progress since 1988. FUE is nationally active with 150 member companies and 900 volunteer employees trained for peer education. Success was tied to proper selection of trainers, who were picked by union representatives and department heads. Training was over 3 days. 75% are men, but training is conducted for men and women together. success is attributed to the type of training and followup. Common problems overcome during training concern talking about changing sexual behavior. Employees initially believe educational efforts are only to promote condoms, but when risk reduction through any method is emphasized, the barriers are removed. Educators talk repeatedly with interested persons. Trainers requested better training to handle "first aid" situations before referral. Managers need specialized training programs. In Zimbabwe, commercial farm owners are engaging in AIDS educational activities through the Commercial Farmers' Union. 4500 farm owners and managers are represented. The program has operated since 1986 by providing volunteer coordinators from branch associations to initiate discussion with village leaders and later the community. AIDS committees are set up at the village level. Education focused on the fatal nature of the disease and lack of cure, the relationship with sexually transmitted diseases (STDS) which transmission can be prevented with condoms, the danger to women of sterility from STDs, and the price of not preventing through education is having to care for relatives' children. Stigma has been thus reduced. In India, the AIDS Research Foundation of India (AFRI), which is financed by local companies, reports that company directors listen to the message about caring for their workers better by meeting at social and civic clubs. Education focuses on the impact on business profits and the solution of establishing prevention programs. Companies are encouraged to work together. AFRI trains staff who are placed in Company personnel offices to encourage education within the Company and find suitable solutions for each company.},
	keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Africa; Africa South of the Sahara; Africa, Eastern; Asia; Condoms; Contraception; Developing Countries; Disease; Evaluation Studies; Family Planning; Health Planning; HIV Infections; India; Infection; Occupational Health Services; Organization and Administration; Program Evaluation; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Uganda; Virus Diseases; Zimbabwe; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome--prevention and control; Africa; Africa South Of The Sahara; Asia; Barrier Methods; Condom; Contraception; Contraceptive Methods; Critique; Developing Countries; Diseases; Eastern Africa; Employment-based Services; English Speaking Africa; Family Planning; Hiv Infections--prevention and control; India; Infections; Organization And Administration; Program Design; Program Effectiveness; Program Evaluation; Programs; Reproductive Tract Infections; Sexually Transmitted Diseases--prevention and control; Southern Asia; Uganda; Viral Diseases; Zimbabwe; acquired immune deficiency syndrome; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome--prevention and control; Africa; Africa south of the Sahara; article; Asia; Barrier Methods; condom; contraception; Contraceptive Methods; Critique; developing country; Diseases; Eastern Africa; Employment-based Services; English Speaking Africa; family planning; general aspects of disease; health care planning; health care quality; Hiv Infections--prevention and control; Human immunodeficiency virus infection; India; infection; Infections; occupational health service; organization and management; Program Design; Program Effectiveness; Programs; Reproductive Tract Infections; sexually transmitted disease; Sexually Transmitted Diseases--prevention and control; Southern Asia; Uganda; Viral Diseases; virus infection; Zimbabwe},
	issn = {09530096},
	pmid = {12286003},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {AIDS Action},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1}
}

@ARTICLE{Gidron19851,
	author = {Gidron, Benjamin},
	title = {Predictors of retention and turnover among service volunteer workers},
	year = {1985},
	journal = {Journal of Social Service Research},
	volume = {8},
	number = {1},
	pages = {1 – 16},
	doi = {10.1300/J079v08n01_01},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84952510976&doi=10.1300%2fJ079v08n01_01&partnerID=40&md5=d46a910041fe414bf772bb5b4eed7b16},
	affiliations = {The Paul Baerwald School of Social Work, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91905, Mt. Scopus, Israel},
	abstract = {This study identifies predictors of retention and turnover among volunteers in three Israeli community centers. The entire service volunteer population was examined at two points in time with an interval of 6 months. At T2 a distinction was made between “stayers ”, “leavers for objective reasons ” (uncontrollable turnover), and “leavers by choice ” (controllable turnover). On the basis of their responses at T1discriminant analysis was used to identify the specific personal, organizational and attitudinal variables which could distinguish the “stayers ” (41) from the “leavers by choice ” (35). In the combined analysis of all three categories of independent variables, one organizational (preparation for task) and three attitudinal variables (task achievement, relationship with the other volunteers, and the work itself) were identified as best discriminatingbetween the two groups. The classification analysis found that these variables could better predict retention than turnover. The findings are compared to studies of paid workers and the implications for future research and the management of volunteer workers are discussed. © 1985 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.},
	issn = {01488376},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Soc. Serv. Res.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 87}
}

@ARTICLE{Arrieta2008128,
	author = {Arrieta, Martha I. and Foreman, Rachel D. and Crook, Errol D. and Icenogle, Marjorie L.},
	title = {Insuring continuity of care for chronic disease patients after a disaster: Key preparedness elements},
	year = {2008},
	journal = {American Journal of the Medical Sciences},
	volume = {336},
	number = {2},
	pages = {128 – 133},
	doi = {10.1097/MAJ.0b013e318180f209},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-52049119114&doi=10.1097%2fMAJ.0b013e318180f209&partnerID=40&md5=46711f3cbd032f158d94fa0004f02ce8},
	affiliations = {Center for Healthy Communities, University of South Alabama, Alabama, United States; Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Alabama, Alabama, United States; College of Business, University of South Alabama, Alabama, United States; Box 97, Mobile, AL 36617, 2451 Fillingim St., United States},
	abstract = {Background: Care for patients with chronic diseases is a challenge after a disaster. This is particularly true for individuals from health disparate populations as they are less likely to evacuate, have fewer financial resources and often depend on resource-strapped institutions for their care. The specific aim of the study presented here was to elicit challenges and solutions in the provision of health care to those with chronic diseases after Hurricane Katrina in coastal Alabama and Mississippi. Methods: Focusing on agencies providing care to health disparate populations, a qualitative methodology was employed using in-depth interviews with health and social service providers. Participants identified key elements essential to disaster preparedness. Results: Predisaster issues were patient education and preparedness, evacuation, special needs shelters, and health care provider preparedness. Postdisaster issues were communication, volunteer coordination, and donation management. Conclusions: Lessons learned from those on the ground administering health care during disasters should inform future disaster preparations. Furthermore, the methodological approach used in this study engendered collaboration between health care institutions and may enhance future interagency disaster preparedness. Copyright © 2008 the Southern Society for Clinical investigation.},
	author_keywords = {Chronic disease; Continuity of care; Disaster preparedness; Health disparity; Hurricane Katrina},
	keywords = {Chronic Disease; Communication; Continuity of Patient Care; Credentialing; Delivery of Health Care; Disaster Planning; Hospital Volunteers; Humans; Natural Disasters; Patient Education as Topic; article; chronic disease; education; health care; health care organization; health care personnel; health service; human; hurricane; natural disaster; patient care; social work; accreditation; disaster; disaster planning; health care delivery; hospital personnel; interpersonal communication; organization and management; patient education},
	correspondence_address = {M. I. Arrieta; Box 97, Mobile, AL 36617, 2451 Fillingim St., United States; email: marrieta@usouthal.edu},
	publisher = {Lippincott Williams and Wilkins},
	issn = {00029629},
	coden = {AJMSA},
	pmid = {18703906},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Am. J. Med. Sci.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 41; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Balandin2006131,
	author = {Balandin, Susan and Llewellyn, Gwynnyth and Dew, Angela and Ballin, Liora},
	title = {'We couldn't: Volunteering with a disability, the perspective of not-for-profit agencies},
	year = {2006},
	journal = {International Journal of Rehabilitation Research},
	volume = {29},
	number = {2},
	pages = {131 – 136},
	doi = {10.1097/01.mrr.0000191850.95692.0c},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-33748210010&doi=10.1097%2f01.mrr.0000191850.95692.0c&partnerID=40&md5=12797fed034b4dbfaf7e9228b84f8696},
	affiliations = {Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Sydney, Lidcombe, NSW 1825, East Street, Australia},
	abstract = {Volunteers play an important role in many organisations that deliver services for the public good. Many people within the community choose to volunteer and there is a rich literature on the reasons why people do so, as well as the benefits that accrue to individuals, organisations and the community. However, there are few reports of people with long-standing disability becoming volunteers. The aim of this study was to explore the views of volunteer coordinators in not-for-profit organisations concerning people with long-standing disability as volunteers. Seven coordinators participated in two focus groups. The participants identified opportunities for people with a disability to contribute as volunteers, but were also quick to point out significant barriers. The findings from this exploratory study suggest that if people with long-standing disability are to volunteer, consideration must be given to their individual requirements and overcoming negative community attitudes. © 2006 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.},
	author_keywords = {Communication impairment; Focus groups; Long-standing disability; Mentoring; Training},
	keywords = {Communication Barriers; Disabled Persons; Focus Groups; Humans; Mentors; Voluntary Programs; Voluntary Workers; Handicapped persons; Personnel training; Societies and institutions; article; attitude to health; exploratory research; functional assessment; health care delivery; health care organization; health service; human; human experiment; life satisfaction; mental health; non profit organization; physical disability; priority journal; social welfare; voluntary worker; communication disorder; disabled person; information processing; organization and management; psychological aspect; teacher; voluntary program; Communication impairment; Focus groups; Long-standing disability; Mentoring; Professional aspects},
	correspondence_address = {S. Balandin; School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Sydney, Lidcombe, NSW 1825, East Street, Australia; email: S.Balandin@fhs.usyd.edu.au},
	issn = {03425282},
	coden = {IJRRD},
	pmid = {16609324},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Int. J. Rehabil. Res.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 31}
}

@ARTICLE{Breaux199361,
	author = {Breaux, T.J.},
	title = {Psychosocial support: a crucial component for the successful management of AIDS volunteers.},
	year = {1993},
	journal = {The Journal of volunteer administration},
	volume = {12},
	number = {1-2},
	pages = {61 – 68},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0027662134&partnerID=40&md5=c90971eeb1d0f13e9785af6de1a0cd95},
	affiliations = {Foundation for Interfaith Research &amp; Ministry, Houston, TX, United States},
	abstract = {A multidisciplinary approach in the support of AIDS volunteers is discussed employing three dimensions: educational, social and psychological. This approach was developed by the Foundation for Interfaith Research and Ministry (FIRM) in Houston, Texas, to combat volunteer burnout and attrition often exhibited by volunteers when serving clients with AIDS and other chronic, debilitating diseases. An examination of the specific goals and tasks required of volunteer managers/coordinators to utilize this approach are outlined. Although these three components of support were implemented for AIDS volunteers, they can easily be modified to suit virtually any type of volunteer environment and are appropriate tools to enhance a variety of volunteer settings. Ideas and suggestions as to how this psychosocial model of support can be adapted for an organization's use are included.},
	keywords = {Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Attitude to Health; Burnout, Professional; Humans; Inservice Training; Social Support; Texas; United States; Voluntary Workers; acquired immune deficiency syndrome; article; attitude to health; burnout; education; human; in service training; psychological aspect; social support; United States; voluntary worker},
	issn = {07336535},
	pmid = {10133491},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J Volunt Adm},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 2}
}

@ARTICLE{Cravens2000119,
	author = {Cravens, Jayne},
	title = {Virtual volunteering: Online volunteers providing assistance to human service agencies},
	year = {2000},
	journal = {Journal of Technology in Human Services},
	volume = {17},
	number = {2-3},
	pages = {119 – 136},
	doi = {10.1300/J017v17n02_02},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0346438693&doi=10.1300%2fJ017v17n02_02&partnerID=40&md5=bf6354658f9432ce166fa2843cb5679a},
	affiliations = {Charles A. Dana Center, UT-Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, Natural Sciences Annex 2.208, 2613 Speedway, United States},
	abstract = {A growing number of agencies involve volunteers via home or work computers and the Internet. The Virtual Volunteering Project [http://www.serviceleader.org/vv/] has researched and worked with more than 100 organizations involving online volunteers to document the benefits of online service for agencies, volunteers and audiences served, and to disseminate ways agencies can incorporate virtual volunteering into their organizations. This paper describes the Virtual Volunteering Project and summarizes data from a variety of sources that highlight the activities of agencies and volunteers engaged in virtual volunteering and the factors associated with success in virtual volunteering programs. © 2000 by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved.},
	author_keywords = {Cyber culture; Virtual volunteering; Volunteer; Volunteer management; World Wide Web},
	issn = {15228835},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Technol. Hum. Serv.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 22}
}

@ARTICLE{Bradner199320,
	author = {Bradner, J.H.},
	title = {It starts with you ... the volunteer administrator.},
	year = {1993},
	journal = {The Journal of volunteer administration},
	volume = {11},
	number = {3},
	pages = {20 – 22},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0027564501&partnerID=40&md5=837c40129c713d79b707d4ea341cbd99},
	affiliations = {ACTION., France},
	keywords = {Administrative Personnel; Ethics, Professional; Job Description; Professional Competence; United States; Voluntary Workers; administrative personnel; article; medical ethics; organization and management; professional competence; standard; United States; voluntary worker; work},
	issn = {07336535},
	pmid = {10127359},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J Volunt Adm},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Anderson199243,
	author = {Anderson, L.M.},
	title = {Managing volunteers.},
	year = {1992},
	journal = {Fund raising management},
	volume = {23},
	number = {6},
	pages = {43 – 45},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0026904514&partnerID=40&md5=8bfa6cb529f842121038734367b174d1},
	affiliations = {Francis Marion University, Florence, SC, United States},
	abstract = {In summary, non-profit organizations are often blessed with an abundance of enthusiastic and talented volunteers. However, to use volunteers effectively, development directors must be diplomatic, highly skilled and very well-organized. They must also understand the unique aspects of managing volunteers. The effective management of volunteers can ensure success for a non-profit organization and bring great satisfaction to volunteers who will work their hearts out for causes and organizations they believe in.},
	keywords = {Fund Raising; Organizations, Nonprofit; Personnel Management; United States; Voluntary Workers; article; financial management; manpower; non profit organization; organization and management; personnel management; standard; United States; voluntary worker},
	issn = {0016268X},
	pmid = {10120463},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Fund Raising Manage},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Graff199330,
	author = {Graff, L.L.},
	title = {The key to the boardroom door: policies for volunteer programs.},
	year = {1993},
	journal = {The Journal of volunteer administration},
	volume = {11},
	number = {4},
	pages = {30 – 36},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0027619032&partnerID=40&md5=c664f4778a9030f9ae1f597054021e30},
	affiliations = {Graff and Associates, Ontario},
	abstract = {Writing and updating policies for volunteer programs is a key strategy to gain the attention and recognition of board and senior administrators for volunteer programs and for managers of volunteers. Further, in light of the recent and rapid growth in volunteering and in the complexity of volunteer work itself, policy development has become an indispensable element in risk management and liability reduction. Managers of volunteers are encouraged to involve their boards and CEOs in policy development. Building the framework of beliefs, values, and rules through policies will ensure both safe and satisfying involvement for the volunteer, and effective service for the client.},
	keywords = {Governing Board; Liability, Legal; Ontario; Organizational Objectives; Organizations, Nonprofit; Policy Making; Risk Management; Social Work; Voluntary Workers; article; board of trustees; Canada; legal liability; management; methodology; non profit organization; organization; organization and management; risk management; social work; voluntary worker},
	issn = {07336535},
	pmid = {10129852},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J Volunt Adm},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Cuskelly2006141,
	author = {Cuskelly, Graham and Taylor, Tracy and Hoye, Russell and Darcy, Simon},
	title = {Volunteer Management Practices and Volunteer Retention: A Human Resource Management Approach},
	year = {2006},
	journal = {Sport Management Review},
	volume = {9},
	number = {2},
	pages = {141 – 163},
	doi = {10.1016/S1441-3523(06)70023-7},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-51749093767&doi=10.1016%2fS1441-3523%2806%2970023-7&partnerID=40&md5=3145153829d6a11628f8655778341307},
	affiliations = {Griffith University; University of Technology Sydney; La Trobe University; University of Technology Sydney},
	abstract = {This study used a human resource management (HRM) approach to examine the efficacy of volunteer management practices in predicting perceived problems in volunteer retention. Participants were a sample of 375 Australian Rugby Union clubs from across the country. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to examine the properties of a hypothesised reflective measurement model with seven volunteer management constructs (planning, recruitment, screening, orientation, training and support, performance management, and recognition). The efficacy of volunteer management practices was tested using regression analysis. © 2006 Sport Management Association of Australia and New Zealand.},
	author_keywords = {community sport organisations; human resource management; volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {G. Cuskelly; Griffith University, Australia; email: g.cuskelly@griffith.edu.au},
	issn = {14413523},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Sport Manage. Rev.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 209}
}

@ARTICLE{Watson199358,
	author = {Watson, E.A.},
	title = {How effective in your training of volunteers?},
	year = {1993},
	journal = {The Journal of volunteer administration},
	volume = {12},
	number = {1-2},
	pages = {58 – 60},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0027666813&partnerID=40&md5=317f0ceae0199275549dfcdff6223e70},
	affiliations = {America Chapter of the American Red Cross},
	abstract = {This work addresses one of the basic concepts of volunteer management, a three-level program for training volunteers. The author addresses the need for an appropriate amount of training, the important categories of training for volunteers and the use of volunteers as trainers of other volunteers. She presents a perspective of training of volunteers which is applicable to many types of organizations utilizing volunteers and to a diversity of volunteer services. The author's direct and simple approach to this aspect of volunteer management serves as a reminder of the important part training plays in the volunteer experience.},
	keywords = {Inservice Training; Organizations, Nonprofit; United States; Voluntary Workers; article; education; in service training; non profit organization; standard; United States; voluntary worker},
	issn = {07336535},
	pmid = {10133490},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J Volunt Adm},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1}
}

@ARTICLE{Caldwell199440,
	author = {Caldwell, J. and Scott, J.P.},
	title = {Effective hospice volunteers: demographic and personality characteristics.},
	year = {1994},
	journal = {The American journal of hospice & palliative care},
	volume = {11},
	number = {2},
	pages = {40 – 45},
	doi = {10.1177/104990919401100212},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0028403653&doi=10.1177%2f104990919401100212&partnerID=40&md5=5e2fce411b0b215e39ef64cddb5854a6},
	abstract = {The purpose of the study was to examine demographic and personality characteristics of highly effective hospice volunteers. Volunteer coordinators of all Texas Hospice Organization member hospices were asked to select their most committed and effective volunteers to participate in the study. Volunteers had above-average incomes, were predominately white, female, active in other voluntary activities, and motivated by their own experiences with death of a loved one. The largest proportion of female volunteers (27.3 percent) were extroverted, sensing, feeling, judging personality types (ESFJ), whereas, for male volunteers, the largest proportion (20.8 percent) were introverted, sensing, thinking, judging personality types (ISTJ). This information will be beneficial in recruitment, training, and retention of hospice volunteers.},
	keywords = {Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Hospice Care; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Personality; Personnel Selection; Texas; Voluntary Workers; MLCS; MLOWN; adult; aged; article; female; hospice care; human; male; manpower; middle aged; personality; personnel management; psychological aspect; statistics; United States; voluntary worker},
	issn = {10499091},
	pmid = {7880637},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Am J Hosp Palliat Care},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 33}
}

@ARTICLE{Cooper1992135,
	author = {Cooper, A.},
	title = {Management of volunteer and temporary staff in the audio/visual department.},
	year = {1992},
	journal = {Journal of biological photography},
	volume = {60},
	number = {4},
	pages = {135 – 137},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0026931640&partnerID=40&md5=ad5ad28c4c40fa0ab9f9174866a32d07},
	affiliations = {North Shore University Hospital, Cornell University Medical College, Manhasset, New York, United States},
	keywords = {Audiovisual Aids; Hospital Departments; Hospital Volunteers; Humans; Personnel Management; Questionnaires; article; audiovisual equipment; classification; hospital department; hospital personnel; human; methodology; organization and management; personnel management; questionnaire; statistics},
	issn = {0274497X},
	pmid = {1385383},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J Biol Photogr},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Choudhury2010592,
	author = {Choudhury, Enamul},
	title = {Attracting and managing volunteers in local government},
	year = {2010},
	journal = {Journal of Management Development},
	volume = {29},
	number = {6},
	pages = {592 – 603},
	doi = {10.1108/02621711011046558},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-77957058981&doi=10.1108%2f02621711011046558&partnerID=40&md5=66a607f9f3f8cb99a77b25481d2e9c16},
	affiliations = {Department of Urban Affairs and Geography, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States},
	abstract = {Purpose - This study seeks to understand the relation between public volunteerism and the role of local government agencies to attract and manage volunteers. Design/methodology/approach - The study is based on purposive sampling, comprising 37 cities within a 50-mile radius around Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. Administrators in these cities responded to an e-mail survey. The study also uses a content analysis of homepages of the sample cities. Findings - While volunteerism is found to be widely valued, most agencies also seem to underutilize their capacities in attracting volunteers and valuing their contributions. This is particularly reflected in their homepage design. There also seems to be an underutilization of volunteers in emergency management and homeland security-related programs. Practical implications - The paper offers an analytical frame to apply professional management tools that can be replicated in other contexts of volunteer management. The study also makes an empirical case for integrating volunteer management in agency activities and in their web sites. This requires giving systematic organizational attention and support to improve volunteer management. Originality/value - The study makes a small contribution to volunteer management literature by adopting a replicable framework of professional management and offering an empirical snapshot of the status of volunteer management in local government agencies. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.},
	author_keywords = {Human resource management; Local government; Voluntary actions; Worldwide web},
	correspondence_address = {E. Choudhury; Department of Urban Affairs and Geography, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States; email: enamul.choudhury@wright.edu},
	issn = {02621711},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Manage. Dev.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 22}
}

@ARTICLE{Watts2010200,
	author = {Watts, Sheila},
	title = {Identification and the cultural organization: How the concept of identification can impact the constituencies who work within cultural organizations},
	year = {2010},
	journal = {Journal of Arts Management Law and Society},
	volume = {40},
	number = {3},
	pages = {200 – 216},
	doi = {10.1080/10632921.2010.506173},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-77955945869&doi=10.1080%2f10632921.2010.506173&partnerID=40&md5=e36467da7ebab69ccae38a6e809c95b5},
	affiliations = {Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States},
	abstract = {This study explores the role identification plays in the relationships between the constituencies that work for cultural organizations and the organization itself, focusing on employees, volunteers, and the board of directors. Although much literature exists about employee engagement within the private sector, little to no information exists about employee engagement in cultural organizations. This article examines in great detail how the concept of identification can impact constituencies working to support a cultural organization. For this study, eight in-depth anonymous interviews were conducted with high-level managers and executive directors of cultural organizations varying in size and organizational structure. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.},
	author_keywords = {board of directors; employee engagement; organizational commitment; organizational identification; volunteer management},
	correspondence_address = {S. Watts; Philadelphia, PA19146, 2031 Fitzwater Street #2, United States; email: sheila.watts@gmail.com},
	issn = {19403364},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Arts Manage. Law Soc.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 7}
}

@ARTICLE{McCurley19989,
	author = {McCurley, S.},
	title = {How the new volunteers will change volunteer management.},
	year = {1998},
	journal = {The Volunteer leader},
	volume = {39},
	number = {4},
	pages = {9},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0032234780&partnerID=40&md5=a61ed568e801beb2a65a1710e4207467},
	affiliations = {Systems, VM, Olympia, United States},
	keywords = {Adolescent; Adult; Hospital Volunteers; Humans; Inservice Training; Job Description; Personnel Management; Personnel Selection; United States; adolescent; adult; article; hospital personnel; human; in service training; organization and management; personnel management; United States; work},
	issn = {00051861},
	pmid = {10351536},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Volunt Leader},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Arango1997400,
	author = {Arango, P.},
	title = {Family Voices: building voices for our children with special health care needs.},
	year = {1997},
	journal = {Pediatric nursing},
	volume = {23},
	number = {4},
	pages = {400 – 402},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0031181430&partnerID=40&md5=02564307ac58592d1ef04604327473d1},
	affiliations = {Family Voices, Algodones, NM, USA.},
	abstract = {Family Voices is a national grassroots clearing-house for information and education concerning the health care of children with special health needs. Through the collective efforts of volunteer Coordinators in each state, 10 Regional Coordinators, and a small staff, Family Voices keeps aware of and involved in public and private sector health care changes that affect children and families. Family Voices, over 10,000 members strong, works in partnership with health care providers in public and private hospitals, public health programs, in state capitals, and Washington, DC to bring the family perspective to policy discussions and decisions. Pediatric nurses are invited to work in partnership with Family Voices to advocate for children and families.},
	keywords = {Child; Child Advocacy; Disabled Persons; Family; Health Services Needs and Demand; Humans; Information Services; Pediatric Nursing; United States; Voluntary Health Agencies; article; child; child advocacy; disabled person; family; health service; human; information service; organization and management; pediatric nursing; United States},
	correspondence_address = {P. Arango; email: famv01rw@wonder.em.cdc.gov},
	issn = {00979805},
	pmid = {9282052},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Pediatr Nurs},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 2}
}

@ARTICLE{Smith1996271,
	author = {Smith, David Horton and Shen, Ce},
	title = {Factors characterizing the most effective nonprofits managed by volunteers},
	year = {1996},
	journal = {Nonprofit Management and Leadership},
	volume = {6},
	number = {3},
	pages = {271 – 289},
	doi = {10.1002/nml.4130060306},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84937272596&doi=10.1002%2fnml.4130060306&partnerID=40&md5=e7eb6cd32be29568bf987a7f57a214b9},
	affiliations = {Boston College, United States; School of Education, Boston College, United States},
	abstract = {This article reports on an empirical study of thirty-nine volunteer-managed nonprofit organizations (voluntary associations, not paid staff nonprofits) in a small suburb of Boston. Reputation for effectiveness in achieving goals has been found to be significantly associated with nonprofit nature, governance, and formalization. Many hypotheses suggested by others for nonprofit organizations with paid staff do not seem to transfer to volunteer nonprofit groups. Practitioners can utilize the present findings to improve volunteer nonprofits. © 1996 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company.},
	issn = {10486682},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Manage. Leadersh.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 38}
}

@ARTICLE{Adams198869,
	author = {Adams, Carey H. and Barge, J. Kevin},
	title = {Communication and motivation within the superior-subordinate dyad: Testing the conventional wisdom of volunteer management},
	year = {1988},
	journal = {Journal of Applied Communication Research},
	volume = {16},
	number = {2},
	pages = {69 – 81},
	doi = {10.1080/00909888809365274},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-3042623558&doi=10.1080%2f00909888809365274&partnerID=40&md5=574553b23becb71e8d5a45a19bea70b2},
	affiliations = {Department of Communication Studies, University of Kansas, United States; Department of Communication Studies, Baylor University, United States},
	abstract = {This study examined three prevalent forms of conventional wisdom by comparing volunteers and paid employees in the following areas: (1) intrinsic motivation, (2) perceptions of supervisors’ decision-making style, and (3) perceived compliance-gaining communication of supervisors. Subjects (190 paid and 118 volunteer) from eight different organizations provided information regarding these areas via questionnaires distributed through their respective organizations. Results revealed that volunteers were higher in intrinsic motivation than paid employees. Supervisors of volunteers used more participative decision-making than supervisors of paid employees. Further, volunteers were more satisfied with their supervisors9decision-making than were paid employees. Additionally, significant effects regarding compliance-gaining behavior emerged as strategies emphasizing the worth of the individual, and of the work itself, were used more frequently with volunteers. However, few differences emerged between volunteers and paid employees regarding the motivational properties of the compliance-gaining strategies used by their supervisors. © 1988, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {00909882},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Appl. Commun. Res.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 11}
}

@ARTICLE{Dailey198619,
	author = {Dailey, Robert C.},
	title = {Understanding Organizational Commitment for Volunteers: Empirical and Managerial Implications},
	year = {1986},
	journal = {Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly},
	volume = {15},
	number = {1},
	pages = {19 – 31},
	doi = {10.1177/089976408601500102},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84970277564&doi=10.1177%2f089976408601500102&partnerID=40&md5=49c444897975901e5a26c85f2bbe85f1},
	affiliations = {A.B. Freeman School of Business, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, United States},
	abstract = {Organizational research on volunteers has most often been concerned with profiling the characteristics of the “ideal volunteer” for various volunteer activities. While these studies lead to improvements in the organizational processes of volunteer recruiting and training, they do not illuminate the psychological processes which underlie organizational commitment among volunteer workers. This research examines the personality, job characteristics, and attitudinal antecedents of organizational commitment for volunteers. The findings indicated that job satisfaction, work autonomy, job involvement and feedback from the work itself were strong predictors of organizational commitment. These results are discussed relative to the management of volunteers. © 1986, Sage Publications. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {08997640},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Volunt. Sect. Q.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 52}
}

@ARTICLE{Brudney2005293,
	author = {Brudney, Jeffrey L. and Nezhina, Tamara G.},
	title = {What is old is new again: Achieving effectiveness with volunteer programs in Kazakhstan},
	year = {2005},
	journal = {Voluntas},
	volume = {16},
	number = {3},
	pages = {293 – 308},
	doi = {10.1007/s11266-005-7726-y},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-33748874471&doi=10.1007%2fs11266-005-7726-y&partnerID=40&md5=526c01798ef4296efbaa1f52c455fb74},
	affiliations = {School of Public and International Affairs, Department of Public Administration and Policy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-1615, 204 Baldwin Hall, United States},
	abstract = {This study based on Kazakhstan nonprofit organizations (NPOs) is the first to address the important issue of the relationship between volunteer management and volunteer program effectiveness in an international setting. Our inquiry is informed by findings of US scholars that show that the adoption of a recommended set of volunteer management practices is related to the level of effectiveness achieved with volunteer involvement in NPOs. The paper advances a path model to explain volunteer program effectiveness, with volunteer management practices the crucial intermediate variable. Based on data collected in a survey of Almaty (Kazakhstan) NPOs in 2004, the empirical analysis yields considerable support for a path model that focuses on both the adoption of these practices and the attainment of program effectiveness. Given the heterogeneity of NPOs, not every organization can be expected to benefit from the adoption of the recommended practices. Nevertheless, results suggest that they offer one workable means for successfully integrating volunteers. © Springer Science + Business Media, Inc. 2005.},
	author_keywords = {Effectiveness; Kazakhstan; NGOs; Volunteer management},
	keywords = {Asia; Eurasia; Kazakhstan; West Asia; empirical analysis; nongovernmental organization; nonprofit organization; public service},
	correspondence_address = {J.L. Brudney; School of Public and International Affairs, Department of Public Administration and Policy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-1615, 204 Baldwin Hall, United States; email: jbrudney@uga.edu},
	publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH},
	issn = {09578765},
	coden = {VOLUE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Voluntas},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 19}
}

@ARTICLE{200568,
	title = {Three steps to effective volunteer management. Simply asking people to help may not be enough.},
	year = {2005},
	journal = {Healthcare executive},
	volume = {20},
	number = {1},
	pages = {68},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84921705042&partnerID=40&md5=501172be994e5f940ce55b182e6188d5},
	keywords = {Personnel Management; Societies; United States; Voluntary Workers; article; health care organization; organization and management; personnel management; United States; voluntary worker},
	issn = {08835381},
	pmid = {2005030727},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Healthc Exec},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{McCormack199711,
	author = {McCormack, M.},
	title = {Volunteer management and the Internet: ASDVS's (American Society of Directors of Volunteers Services) new Web page.},
	year = {1997},
	journal = {The Volunteer leader},
	volume = {38},
	number = {4},
	pages = {11},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0031306184&partnerID=40&md5=58256594fcd1409e0a44f08f8946d0de},
	affiliations = {Nemours Children's Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States},
	keywords = {Computer Communication Networks; Societies; United States; Voluntary Workers; article; computer network; health care organization; organization and management; United States; voluntary worker},
	issn = {00051861},
	pmid = {10183111},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Volunt Leader},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Haski-Leventhal200961,
	author = {Haski-Leventhal, Debbie and Cnaan, Ram A.},
	title = {Group processes and volunteering: Using groups to enhance volunteerism},
	year = {2009},
	journal = {Administration in Social Work},
	volume = {33},
	number = {1},
	pages = {61 – 80},
	doi = {10.1080/03643100802508635},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-60649094530&doi=10.1080%2f03643100802508635&partnerID=40&md5=f21d99b6ceb1c898ee2aa4c78775e21b},
	affiliations = {Israeli Center for Third-Sector Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel; School of Social Policy and Practice, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Philadelphia, PA 19104, 3815 Walnut St., United States},
	abstract = {In the past three decades, volunteers became the backbone of many human service organizations (HSOs). We propose that the role of groups in volunteer management is often neglected. We first review the theoretical and empirical literature on group dynamics relevant to fostering volunteering, followed by a literature review on the nexus between groups and volunteering. We then develop a model of four volunteer group types and their unique utility as it pertains to volunteering in HSOs: habitual volunteering group, dual-identity group, training-induced group, and provisional group. We conclude with a summary, discussion, and implications regarding the role of groups in volunteer recruitment, socialization, motivation, and retention.},
	author_keywords = {Commitment; Enhancement; Group processes; Motivation; Volunteer management; Volunteers},
	correspondence_address = {R. A. Cnaan; Philadelphia, PA 19104, 3815 Walnut St., United States; email: cnaan@pobox.upenn.edu},
	issn = {15444376},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Admin. Soc. Work},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 68}
}

@ARTICLE{Solaritwadell199124,
	author = {Solaritwadell, A. and Westberg, G.},
	title = {Body, mind, and soul. The parish nurse offers physical, emotional, and spiritual care.},
	year = {1991},
	journal = {Health progress (Saint Louis, Mo.)},
	volume = {72},
	number = {7},
	pages = {24 – 28},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0026228829&partnerID=40&md5=68601568eb85df9629e57baa189f14d8},
	affiliations = {Lutheran General Health Care System, Park Ridge, IL.},
	abstract = {Many hospitals see the parish nurse program as a way to bring their mission to the community and collaborate with area parishes. Because people are finding it increasingly difficult to access our nation's complex healthcare system, the parish nurse program is becoming more popular with hospitals, parishes, and the communities they serve. The parish nurse is a resource person--a health educator, a personal health counselor, a volunteer coordinator and support group organizer, a community liaison, and a role model for the relationship between one's faith and health. Parish nurses do not provide invasive treatments. Parish nurse programs that have been most successful have been developed through the hospital's pastoral care department in conjunction with the nursing department. The hospital establishes a steering committee to guide the program's formation. Daily, the faculty, a group made up of a physician and representatives from nursing and from pastoral care, supervise and monitor the parish nurse program.},
	keywords = {Catholicism; Chaplaincy Service, Hospital; Clinical Competence; Community Health Nursing; Human; Interdepartmental Relations; Interinstitutional Relations; Nursing Service, Hospital; Pastoral Care; Role; United States; article; competence; counseling; hospital subdivisions and components; human; nurse; nursing; organization and management; public relations; religion; role playing; United States},
	issn = {08821577},
	pmid = {10112956},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Health Prog},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 18}
}

@ARTICLE{Kessler199115,
	author = {Kessler, M.},
	title = {Preventing burnout: taking the stress out of the job.},
	year = {1991},
	journal = {The Journal of volunteer administration},
	volume = {9},
	number = {3},
	pages = {15 – 20},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0026129386&partnerID=40&md5=7c5d513692b2ba8bfd180239a2a0e734},
	abstract = {The purpose of this article and of the workshop on this subject presented at the 1989 International Conference on Volunteer Administration is to inform Directors of Volunteers of a new approach to burnout prevention which can directly impact occurrences among themselves and their co-workers. We in volunteer administration are not immune; our burnout rates average 3 1/2 years. This situation, left unchecked, poses a threat to the long term effectiveness of our organizations.},
	keywords = {Burnout, Professional; Human; Occupational Health; Organizational Culture; Personnel Management; Planning Techniques; United States; Voluntary Workers; article; burnout; human; methodology; occupational health; organization; organization and management; personnel management; psychological aspect; United States; volunteer},
	issn = {07336535},
	pmid = {10112483},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J Volunt Adm},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 2}
}

@ARTICLE{Byers2009215,
	author = {Byers, Terri},
	title = {Research on voluntary sport organisations: Established themes and emerging opportunities},
	year = {2009},
	journal = {International Journal of Sport Management and Marketing},
	volume = {6},
	number = {2},
	pages = {215 – 228},
	doi = {10.1504/IJSMM.2009.028803},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-70349776428&doi=10.1504%2fIJSMM.2009.028803&partnerID=40&md5=5f1e3bce5a6a887a741d267ae3e417f4},
	affiliations = {Centre for the International Business of Sport (CIBS), Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5DL, William Morris Building, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {The voluntary sector has been widely recognised as important to society, the economy and perhaps most importantly to individuals. Voluntary sport organisations provide ample opportunity for people to engage in volunteering and to contribute to a valuable sector of the sport management field. The purpose of this paper is to examine the variety of research which has focused on voluntary sport organisations and to identify the variety of concepts which have been the focus of much of this research. Considering this research, key themes and some thoughts on the future direction of research on voluntary sport organisations is offered. Both conceptual and methodological aspects of research are considered. The conclusions of this paper propose that research on voluntary sport organisations is a plentiful and growing field of study which now requires greater synthesis and comparative research, as well as consideration of how work in this sector may contribute to knowledge of volunteering, volunteer management and organisations more widely, in order to advance the knowledge base and to further increase the quality of research outputs. Copyright © 2009, Inderscience Publishers.},
	author_keywords = {Future direction; Sport organisations; Themes; Voluntary sport},
	correspondence_address = {T. Byers; Centre for the International Business of Sport (CIBS), Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5DL, William Morris Building, United Kingdom; email: bsx343@coventry.ac.uk},
	publisher = {Inderscience Publishers},
	issn = {14758962},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Int. J. Sport Manage. Mark.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 6}
}

@ARTICLE{Stedman2006209,
	author = {Stedman, Nicole L. P. and Rudd, Rick},
	title = {Leadership styles and volunteer administration competence: Perceptions of 4-H county faculty in the United States},
	year = {2006},
	journal = {Journal of Extension},
	volume = {44},
	number = {1},
	pages = {209 – 224},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-33644747539&partnerID=40&md5=d1beae93eb7d626de0c95b2e8ee70ea7},
	affiliations = {Department of Agricultural Education, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX, United States; Agricultural Education and Communication, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States},
	abstract = {The study described here sought to determine the perceived leadership style of 4-H county faculty. There were 238 county 4-H faculty randomly selected to participate. Participants completed three Web-based questionnaires, the Volunteer Administration Leadership Competency Instrument, the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire, and a demographic instrument. Regression models predicted transformational, transactional, and laissez faire leadership. The importance of systems leadership (ß=.97) and organizational leadership (ß=-.94) contributed the most to transformational leadership. Proficiency in organizational leadership (ß=-6.24) contributed to transactional leadership. The importance of organizational culture (ß=1.10) and commitment to the profession importance (ß=-.85) contributed to the prediction of laissez faire leadership. Copyright © by Extension Journal, Inc.},
	correspondence_address = {N.L.P. Stedman; Department of Agricultural Education, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX, United States; email: nstedman@aged.tamu.edu},
	issn = {10775315},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Ext.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 6}
}

@ARTICLE{Campbell19985,
	author = {Campbell, K.N. and Ellis, S.J.},
	title = {Finding your internal volunteer management team.},
	year = {1998},
	journal = {The Volunteer leader},
	volume = {39},
	number = {1},
	pages = {5 – 8},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0032017958&partnerID=40&md5=a902ed214f54235379b7b1ba461bd874},
	affiliations = {ENERGIZE, Philadelphia, PA, United States},
	keywords = {Fund Raising; Governing Board; Hospital Departments; Hospital Volunteers; Institutional Management Teams; Public Relations; United States; article; board of trustees; financial management; hospital department; hospital personnel; management; manpower; organization and management; public relations; United States; utilization review},
	issn = {00051861},
	pmid = {10178123},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Volunt Leader},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Nogueira-Martins2010942,
	author = {Nogueira-Martins, Maria Cezira Fantini and Sanches Bersusa, Ana Aparecida and Siqueira, Siomara Roberta},
	title = {Humanization and volunteering: A qualitative study in public hospitals},
	year = {2010},
	journal = {Revista de Saude Publica},
	volume = {44},
	number = {5},
	pages = {942 – 949},
	doi = {10.1590/S0034-89102010005000032},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-77958576656&doi=10.1590%2fS0034-89102010005000032&partnerID=40&md5=34616ffa53c6cc41b2087ed823523fcd},
	affiliations = {Instituto de Saúde, Secretaria de Estado da Saúde, São Paulo, SP, Brazil},
	abstract = {Objective: To analyze the profile of volunteers and their work process in hospital humanization. Methodological Procedures: The following instruments were used: a sociodemographic questionnaire and a semi-structured interview, applied to 26 volunteer coordinators and 26 volunteers, who belong to 25 hospitals in the metropolitan area of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, between 2008 and 2009. Interviews were analyzed according to thematic analysis principles. Analysis of Results: Five main themes were identified: volunteer profile (age, sex, level of income); volunteer work organization (volunteer agreement, training); volunteer-hospital relationship (relationship with hospital management and employees); motivation (solidarity, previous experience with family members' or one's own diseases, personal satisfaction, conflict resolution) and benefits (individual, dual, collective); and humanization and volunteer activities (patient care, logistic support, emotional support, development of patients' abilities, leisure, organization of commemorative events). Conclusions: In the activity developed by volunteers, there are positive aspects (such as the contribution to hospital humanization) and negative aspects (such as volunteers performing activities assigned to employees). Attention should be paid to the regulation of volunteer activities, especially patient care, and actions that value volunteer work in hospitals and volunteer integration into humanization work groups.},
	author_keywords = {Health personnel; Hospitals; Humanization of assistance; Manpower; Public; Qualitative research; Voluntary workers},
	keywords = {Aged; Brazil; Female; Hospital Volunteers; Hospitals, Public; Humanism; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Qualitative Research; aged; article; Brazil; female; hospital personnel; human; humanism; male; middle aged; psychological aspect; public hospital; qualitative research; statistics},
	correspondence_address = {M.C.F. Nogueira-Martins; 01314-000 São Paulo, SP, R. Santo Antonio, 590, 5 andar - Bela Vista, Brazil; email: mcezira@isaude.sp.gov.br},
	issn = {00348910},
	coden = {RSPUB},
	pmid = {20882264},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Rev. Saude Publica},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 10; All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Brudney19931,
	author = {Brudney, J.L. and Love, T.G. and Yu, C.},
	title = {The Association for Volunteer Administration and professionalization of the field: suggestions from a survey for the membership.},
	year = {1993},
	journal = {The Journal of volunteer administration},
	volume = {12},
	number = {1-2},
	pages = {1 – 22},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0027666349&partnerID=40&md5=a1b1232d57302bbc30eb18ba1c3b3fd9},
	affiliations = {University of Georgia., United States},
	abstract = {This article analyzes results from a comprehensive survey of members of the Association for Volunteer Administration (AVA), conducted in 1992-93. Two-thirds of the membership completed the mail questionnaire. The article elaborates findings from the survey in the areas of: professional background of members, their position in volunteer administration, their volunteer programs, interest in research in the field, and attitudes toward their work, organization, and profession. The concluding section discusses implications of the findings with respect to the AVA and professionalization of the field.},
	keywords = {Administrative Personnel; Canada; Demography; Educational Status; Professional Practice; Questionnaires; Salaries and Fringe Benefits; Societies; United States; Voluntary Workers; administrative personnel; article; Canada; demography; economics; educational status; health care organization; organization and management; professional practice; questionnaire; salary and fringe benefit; statistics; United States; voluntary worker},
	issn = {07336535},
	pmid = {10133488},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J Volunt Adm},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1}
}

@ARTICLE{Lockstone2010111,
	author = {Lockstone, Leonie and Smith, Karen and Baum, Tom},
	title = {Volunteering flexibility across the tourism sector},
	year = {2010},
	journal = {Managing Leisure},
	volume = {15},
	number = {1-2},
	pages = {111 – 127},
	doi = {10.1080/13606710903448202},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-79960250576&doi=10.1080%2f13606710903448202&partnerID=40&md5=c3199a91dd8f3c81bae43406d76b7235},
	affiliations = {School of Hospitality, Tourism and Marketing, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Footscray Park Campus, PO Box 14428, Australia; Victoria Management School, Victoria University, Wellington, 6140, Wellington, PO Box 600, New Zealand; Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0LG, 94 Cathedral Street, United Kingdom},
	abstract = {Volunteers play a pivotal role in the tourism sector, contributing invaluable human resources to museums, visitor attractions, visitor information services and small and large-scale events. Recognition is being increasingly afforded to the role flexibility can play in efforts to attract and retain volunteers, given that volunteers appear to be more and more attracted to opportunities that provide them with a degree of flexibility in choosing how often and in what way they contribute to organisations. This paper combines an organisational and volunteer perspective to provide an exploratory insight into the flexibility options made available to and preferred by volunteers working within the tourism sector. The implications of adopting a flexible approach to volunteer management are highlighted and areas for future research discussed. © 2010 Taylor & Francis.},
	author_keywords = {Flexibility theory; Tourism; Volunteering flexibility; Volunteers},
	issn = {1466450X},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Managing Leis.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 13}
}

@ARTICLE{Tschirhart2001422,
	author = {Tschirhart, Mary and Mesch, Debra J. and Perry, James L. and Miller, Theodore K. and Lee, Geunjoo},
	title = {Stipended volunteers: Their goals, experiences, satisfaction, and likelihood of future service},
	year = {2001},
	journal = {Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly},
	volume = {30},
	number = {3},
	pages = {422 – 443},
	doi = {10.1177/0899764001303002},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0035457918&doi=10.1177%2f0899764001303002&partnerID=40&md5=ff9dbdd0f91dccdadec95506b041ce81},
	affiliations = {Indiana University Bloomington, United States; Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, United States; Korean Institute of Public Administration, South Korea},
	abstract = {Goal setting theory predicts that the initial needs, interests, and aspirations that volunteers bring to organizations are guiding forces in their work behaviors. Other theorists argue that environmental constraints and conditioned responses to positive or negative reinforcement of earlier behaviors are better predictors of subsequent behaviors than initial goals. In this study, the relationship of initial goals to subsequent service outcomes, satisfaction, and intention to volunteer was empirically investigated. Among a sample of 362 AmeriCorps members, the goals that stipended volunteers brought to their service were found to influence outcomes related to those goals 1 year later. Self-esteem was an important moderator of the relationship between goals and outcomes. The overall match of goal importance to goal achievement predicted both satisfaction and likelihood of future volunteering. The results have implications for research on volunteers and volunteer management.},
	issn = {08997640},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Volunt. Sect. Q.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 72}
}

@ARTICLE{Rehnborg197910,
	author = {Rehnborg, S.J.},
	title = {Assessing skills as a volunteer administrator: a new approach to certification.},
	year = {1979},
	journal = {Volunteer administration},
	volume = {12},
	number = {3},
	pages = {10 – 17},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0018516650&partnerID=40&md5=d00a411701fb50a17c2d89662e5c4cbb},
	keywords = {Administrative Personnel; Certification; United States; Voluntary Workers; administrative personnel; article; certification; organization and management; standard; United States; volunteer},
	issn = {0362773X},
	pmid = {10244788},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Volunt Adm},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Barnes2009169,
	author = {Barnes, Martha L. and Sharpe, Erin K.},
	title = {Looking beyond traditional volunteer management: A case study of an alternative approach to volunteer Engagement in Parks and Recreation},
	year = {2009},
	journal = {Voluntas},
	volume = {20},
	number = {2},
	pages = {169 – 187},
	doi = {10.1007/s11266-009-9080-5},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-65149091274&doi=10.1007%2fs11266-009-9080-5&partnerID=40&md5=c6d40413ba5ea4542c41ac20c9e0ba7a},
	affiliations = {Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada},
	abstract = {In an era of declining volunteerism it is critical to examine alternative approaches to volunteer management that may better promote engagement and address common barriers to volunteering. Using a "best practices" Canadian case study approach, this research describes an alternative approach to volunteer engagement that emphasizes lifestyle integration, organizational informality and flexibility, and volunteer-agency collaboration. We suggest that traditional volunteer management structures may actually be hindering engagement and call instead for a more vocation-based, networked, and collaborative approach which affords greater autonomy to the volunteer and sees power being shared between agencies and volunteers. © International Society for Third-Sector Research and The John's Hopkins University 2009.},
	author_keywords = {Canada; Collaboration; Engagement; Networking; Parks and recreation; Volunteer management; Volunteering},
	keywords = {Canada; North America; best management practice; lifestyle; networking; participatory approach; recreational activity; research work},
	correspondence_address = {M.L. Barnes; Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada; email: mbarnes@brocku.ca},
	publisher = {Springer New York},
	issn = {09578765},
	coden = {VOLUE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Voluntas},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 44}
}

@ARTICLE{Brudney1992271,
	author = {Brudney, Jeffrey L.},
	title = {Administrators of volunteer services: Their needs for training and research},
	year = {1992},
	journal = {Nonprofit Management and Leadership},
	volume = {2},
	number = {3},
	pages = {271 – 282},
	doi = {10.1002/nml.4130020306},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0026824195&doi=10.1002%2fnml.4130020306&partnerID=40&md5=c06915786ae311c7a388047ae7f1a8b0},
	abstract = {Despite the importance of volunteer administrators to nonprofit and many government organizations, little systematic research has been focused on these officials. Using a large national survey of volunteer practitioners conducted in 1989‐1990, this article examines empirically several hypotheses concerning organizational support to meet administrator needs for continuing education. Using the survey responses, the article also elaborates the subjects recommended by the administrators for treatment in a basic seminar in volunteer management, in an advanced seminar, and in further research. Copyright © 1992 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company},
	keywords = {Administrative Personnel; Canada; Education, Continuing; Human; Organizations, Nonprofit; Questionnaires; Research; United States; Voluntary Workers; administrative personnel; article; Canada; continuing education; education; human; non profit organization; organization and management; questionnaire; research; United States; volunteer},
	issn = {10486682},
	pmid = {10117915},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Manage. Leadersh.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 11}
}

@ARTICLE{Agnello198429,
	author = {Agnello, J.},
	title = {Continuing professional education for volunteer administrators.},
	year = {1984},
	journal = {The Journal of volunteer administration},
	volume = {2},
	number = {3},
	pages = {29 – 38},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0021396095&partnerID=40&md5=1f604c86926fbdb00c4ad54676c2a5c0},
	keywords = {Education, Continuing; Human; Professional Practice; Voluntary Workers; article; continuing education; human; organization and management; professional practice; volunteer},
	issn = {07336535},
	pmid = {10266624},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J Volunt Adm},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1}
}

@ARTICLE{Hustinx2010236,
	author = {Hustinx, Lesley},
	title = {I quit, therefore i am?: Volunteer turnover and the politics of self-actualization},
	year = {2010},
	journal = {Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly},
	volume = {39},
	number = {2},
	pages = {236 – 255},
	doi = {10.1177/0899764008328183},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-77749299010&doi=10.1177%2f0899764008328183&partnerID=40&md5=3e7e1af5038518e97a873bbb44e962bd},
	affiliations = {Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium},
	abstract = {This study considers the thesis that volunteering is gaining a fundamentally new quality as a result of broader social and cultural transformations. Whereas existing research has focused on the changing nature of volunteering, this study deals with the decision to quit volunteering and examines whether it may be considered part of the "politics of self-actualization," that is, the more active and individualized monitoring of life. Former styles of volunteering and reasons for quitting were examined in a group of 99 ex-volunteers of the Red Cross in Flanders, Belgium, and volunteering habits were compared with a sample of 652 volunteers. Ex-volunteers did not systematically differ from the sample of volunteers with regard to their social background profile, volunteering behavior, and strength of organizational attachment. Furthermore, the decision to quit more likely reflected the routine nature of everyday practices than an autonomous and self-conscious life design. © 2010 SAGE Publications.},
	author_keywords = {Individualization; Motivation; Volunteer management; Volunteer turnover; Volunteering},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
	issn = {08997640},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Nonprofit Volunt. Sect. Q.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 102; All Open Access, Green Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Barkman199015,
	author = {Barkman, S.J.},
	title = {Job aids for volunteers: tools to help them successfully complete their jobs.},
	year = {1990},
	journal = {The Journal of volunteer administration},
	volume = {8},
	number = {4},
	pages = {15 – 18},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0025445953&partnerID=40&md5=1d1683af32dbbed11ddc25dce415604c},
	affiliations = {Purdue University, Lafayette, IN, United States},
	abstract = {Developing a system for implementing a job aid program within your organization may go a long way to enhancing volunteer job satisfaction and increasing productivity. Job aids have problem to be valuable tools at all four stages in the volunteer management process. They can be useful in recruiting and orienting the volunteer about what the job entails. They serve as tools to help the volunteer perform the job at an acceptable level. And finally, they serve as an excellent way to evaluate the volunteer's performance.},
	keywords = {Decision Making; Job Description; Models, Theoretical; Voluntary Workers; article; decision making; theoretical model; voluntary worker; work},
	issn = {07336535},
	pmid = {10110601},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J Volunt Adm},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Ellen Netting1987250,
	author = {Ellen Netting, F.},
	title = {Ethical issues in volunteer management and accountability},
	year = {1987},
	journal = {Social Work (United States)},
	volume = {32},
	number = {3},
	pages = {250 – 252},
	doi = {10.1093/sw/32.3.250},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0023334393&doi=10.1093%2fsw%2f32.3.250&partnerID=40&md5=32e90e813cbbb1f60b3b08c2e02c1bd6},
	affiliations = {School of Social Work, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, United States},
	keywords = {Ethics, Professional; Social Work; United States; Voluntary Health Agencies; article; health service; medical ethics; organization and management; social work; standard; United States},
	issn = {00378046},
	pmid = {10283655},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Soc. Work},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1}
}

@ARTICLE{Lee198518,
	author = {Lee, J.F.},
	title = {Volunteer administration in the twenty-first century.},
	year = {1985},
	journal = {The Volunteer leader},
	volume = {26},
	number = {2},
	pages = {18 – 20},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0022073108&partnerID=40&md5=9b4c9b7adbd7c472e45d21dffd1c9839},
	keywords = {Administrative Personnel; Forecasting; Hospital Volunteers; United States; administrative personnel; article; forecasting; hospital personnel; organization and management; United States},
	issn = {00051861},
	pmid = {10272981},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Volunt Leader},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1}
}

@ARTICLE{Culp III2005,
	author = {Culp III, Ken and McKee, Renee K. and Nestor, Patrick},
	title = {Demographic differences of 4-H volunteers, agents, and state volunteerism specialists: Implications for volunteer administration},
	year = {2005},
	journal = {Journal of Extension},
	volume = {43},
	number = {4},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-24344456380&partnerID=40&md5=cdb8e95f320d906f856b5709dd229800},
	affiliations = {University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States; Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States; West Virginia University, Weston, WV, United States},
	abstract = {A national study explored the demographic similarities and differences among volunteers, agents, and state specialists in the 4-H Youth Development program. All three groups are primarily married females, in their 40's, who work full-time. Agents were both significantly younger and had volunteered fewer years than either volunteers or state specialists. Volunteers worked with fewer adult and teen volunteers than did agents or specialists. Both 4-H participation and level of education were linear, with state specialists having the highest 4-H membership rate and educational level. Volunteers were more actively involved in volunteering for other organizations besides 4-H than either agents or specialists. Copyright © by Extension Journal, Inc.},
	correspondence_address = {K. Culp III; University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States; email: kculp@uky.edu},
	issn = {10775315},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Ext.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 9}
}

@ARTICLE{Lightfoot2005221,
	author = {Lightfoot, Kali and Brady, E. Michael},
	title = {Transformations Through Teaching and Learning: The Story of Maine's Osher Lifelong Learning Institute},
	year = {2005},
	journal = {Journal of Transformative Education},
	volume = {3},
	number = {3},
	pages = {221 – 235},
	doi = {10.1177/1541344605276667},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84990317267&doi=10.1177%2f1541344605276667&partnerID=40&md5=62ccad785c9b30336e0200ab6e5af2c3},
	affiliations = {Osher Lifelong Learning Institute, University of Southern Maine},
	abstract = {The history of the Osher Lifelong Learning Institute (OLLI) at University of Southern Maine (USM) presents a microcosm of lifelong learning institutes in the United States. These grassroots, largely volunteer-managed organizations providing educational opportunities for adults older than 50 started at the New School for Social Research in 1962. Recently, OLLI at USM conducted two research studies, one on the experience of peer teaching in lifelong learning institutes and another on the nature of the learning experience for students in such an organization. Both provide evidence of transformation possible for older adults through engagement in the learning process either as teacher or student. The next research, still in progress, looks at service learning as part of institute curricula. And finally, the authors pose questions about the future of lifelong learning institutes and the changes that may come as a result of the philanthropy of the Bernard Osher Foundation. © 2005, Sage Publications. All rights reserved.},
	author_keywords = {learning in retirement; lifelong learning; older learner; OLLI; Osher Institute; senior college; senior education; service learning},
	issn = {15413446},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Transform. Educ.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 14}
}

@ARTICLE{Vitosh2000114,
	author = {Vitosh, Mark A. and Thompson, Janette R.},
	title = {Iowa communities benefit from an externally funded tree-planting program},
	year = {2000},
	journal = {Journal of Arboriculture},
	volume = {26},
	number = {2},
	pages = {114 – 119},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0034581782&partnerID=40&md5=fe34fd709b238cad7f46a7212a404f62},
	affiliations = {Department of Forestry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1021, 253 Bessey Hall, United States},
	abstract = {In 1990, investor-owned utilities in Iowa began distributing funding dedicated to tree planting to communities through the nonprofit, volunteer-coordinating organization Trees Forever. To assess the impact of this tree-planting program, a questionnaire was mailed to 268 Trees Forever volunteers in communities throughout lowa in 1996. The objectives of this study were to measure increases in community forestry activities in towns that received tree-planting funds through the organization Trees Forever and to gather opinions about project administration through funding agencies external to the community. The response rate for the survey was 63%. Four-fifths of the communities responding to questions about community forestry activities showed an increase in some forestry-related activities (e.g., volunteer tree-planting group, tree board, fund-raising activities, tree inventory) after they received external tree-planting funds through Trees Forever; two-fifths of them added as many as four new activities. Also, four-fifths of the survey respondents agreed that their community tree-planting program would not have started without external funding, in this case from utility companies. Our results suggest that the benefits of tree-planting programs are enhanced by assistance provided to communities by a funding agency or a volunteer-coordinating organization.},
	author_keywords = {Community forestry; Community tree-planting program; Trees forever},
	keywords = {United States; tree planting; urban area; voluntary approach},
	issn = {02785226},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Aboric.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 8}
}

@ARTICLE{Taylor199515,
	author = {Taylor, L.},
	title = {Disability as a part of diversity.},
	year = {1995},
	journal = {The Journal of volunteer administration},
	volume = {13},
	number = {2},
	pages = {15 – 25},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0029608541&partnerID=40&md5=550908c20142fb0651826fd083694bc7},
	affiliations = {Courage Center, Golden Valley, MN, United States},
	abstract = {One out of every seven people in this country has a disability, 19.1% of our population. Of all people with disabilities 66% are unemployed; 79% of them want to be engaged in meaningful work. It is apparent that there is a huge untapped resource for those seeking volunteers. This article explores barriers to and strategies for incorporating people with physical disabilities into a volunteer pool. It is based on the experience Courage Centers (a rehabilitation facility) has had in working with people with physical disabilities as volunteers and on a presentation made at the Association for Volunteer Administration International Conference in October, 1992.},
	keywords = {Disabled Persons; Employment, Supported; Forms and Records Control; Humans; Minnesota; Personnel Management; Rehabilitation Centers; Voluntary Workers; article; disabled person; employment; human; manpower; medical record; methodology; organization and management; personnel management; rehabilitation center; United States; voluntary worker},
	issn = {07336535},
	pmid = {10172254},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J Volunt Adm},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 2}
}

@ARTICLE{Morrow-Howell2010461,
	author = {Morrow-Howell, Nancy},
	title = {Volunteering in later life: Research frontiers},
	year = {2010},
	journal = {Journals of Gerontology - Series B Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences},
	volume = {65 B},
	number = {4},
	pages = {461 – 469},
	doi = {10.1093/geronb/gbq024},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-77953643528&doi=10.1093%2fgeronb%2fgbq024&partnerID=40&md5=5683568d5756fad0e06cfe1db5b8212f},
	affiliations = {George Warren Brown School of Social Work, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States},
	abstract = {Objectives.This review summarizes the current knowledge about volunteering in later life and suggests 5 research questions at the forefront of knowledge development. Results. Rates of volunteering do not decline significantly until the middle of the 7th decade, and older volunteers commit more hours than younger volunteers. Older adults with more human and social capital tend to volunteer, and there is good evidence of a reciprocal relationship between volunteering and well-being. Program and policy developments in the field are outstripping production of knowledge to support evidence-based practices. Discussion. Research on the dynamics of volunteering over the life course as well as the patterns of activities that co-occur with volunteering is needed to guide program development. Research methods and findings from transdisciplinary work on the mechanisms through which psychosocial conditions affect health must be extended to the study of the effects of volunteering on older adults. Finally, we need to engage in more applied social science aimed at improving volunteer management, especially recruitment and retention of older volunteers. © The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved.},
	author_keywords = {Civic engagement; Older volunteers; Volunteering},
	keywords = {Age Factors; Aged; Biomedical Research; Humans; Mental Health; Social Behavior; Voluntary Workers; age; aged; human; medical research; mental health; organization and management; psychological aspect; review; social behavior; voluntary worker},
	correspondence_address = {N. Morrow-Howell; Campus Box 1196, George Warren Brown School of Social Work, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States; email: morrow-howell@wustl.edu},
	publisher = {Gerontological Society of America},
	issn = {10795014},
	coden = {JGBSF},
	pmid = {20400498},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Gerontol. Ser. B Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 321; All Open Access, Bronze Open Access}
}

@ARTICLE{Cuskelly1998181,
	author = {Cuskelly, Graham and McIntyre, Norman and Boag, Alistair},
	title = {A longitudinal study of the development of organizational commitment amongst volunteer sport administrators},
	year = {1998},
	journal = {Journal of Sport Management},
	volume = {12},
	number = {3},
	pages = {181 – 202},
	doi = {10.1123/jsm.12.3.181},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0032361346&doi=10.1123%2fjsm.12.3.181&partnerID=40&md5=407ba2cd35b0f10300960c72da517022},
	affiliations = {Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia; School of Leisure Studies, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia; Department of Leisure Studies, University of Waikato, Hamilton, 3105, New Zealand},
	abstract = {The commitment of volunteers is critical to the effective organization and delivery of community-based sport. This paper examined the development of organizational commitment amongst volunteers in relation to several organizational factors and personal characteristics. Using data from a 3-wave longitudinal study of volunteer administrators (n = 328) drawn from 52 randomly selected community-based sport organizations, organizational commitment was examined in relation to a range of variables including personal characteristics (sociodemographics), behavioral commitment, volunteering benefits, structural attributes (organizational size, budget), and process characteristics operationalized as perceptions about committee functioning. Using hierarchical regression analysis, the study found evidence of a directional relationship between perceived committee functioning and organizational commitment. Organizational commitment was also predicted by age group, occupation, years of organizational membership, and time spent on administration. The study demonstrated a temporal relationship between committee functioning and organizational commitment and concluded with a discussion of practical implications and recommendations for further research. © 1998 Human Kinetics Publishers, Inc.},
	publisher = {Human Kinetics Publishers Inc.},
	issn = {08884773},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Sport Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 58}
}

@ARTICLE{Jackson19965,
	author = {Jackson, Alun C. and Thomas, Shane and Benntt, Lydia},
	title = {HIV/AIDS social work: Towards a practice and research agenda},
	year = {1996},
	journal = {Australian Social Work},
	volume = {49},
	number = {3},
	pages = {5 – 14},
	doi = {10.1080/03124079608415684},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84992896774&doi=10.1080%2f03124079608415684&partnerID=40&md5=a28c98afc6d640591f6d72192c94b55a},
	affiliations = {School of Social Work, University of Melbourne, Australia; School of Behavioural Health Sciences, LaTrobe University, Australia; Dept of Behavioural and Social Sciences in Nursing, University of Sydney, Australia},
	abstract = {In this paper it is argued that social work practice in relation to HIV and AIDS in Australia has been shaped by a range of factors which, although not unique in themselves, coalesce to give this practice a profile very different from that in the United States, for example. These factors include a highly interventionist Commonwealth government and the sophisticated community organisation practice evident in the gay community. It is suggested that social work can make important contributions to the areas of the management of volunteer programs, design of effective service systems, and research and practice in relation to the psychosocial impact of HIV and AIDS, particularly as people with AIDS live longer with changes to treatments. © 1996, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.},
	issn = {0312407X},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Aust. Soc. Work},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1}
}

@ARTICLE{Macduff2004107,
	author = {Macduff, Nancy L.},
	title = {Managing older volunteers: Implications for faith-based organizations},
	year = {2004},
	journal = {Journal of Religious Gerontology},
	volume = {16},
	number = {1-2},
	pages = {107 – 122},
	doi = {10.1300/J078v16n01_07},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85023953347&doi=10.1300%2fJ078v16n01_07&partnerID=40&md5=b3d2fdfb081bf71abb230e2dde265361},
	affiliations = {Macduff-Bunt Associates, Walla Walla, WA, 99362-3235, 925 “E” Street, United States},
	abstract = {Senior volunteers are often recruited from local congregations by religious affiliates and secular agencies in the community. Likewise they frequently carry out multiple roles in local congregations. Yet, congregations and their leaders-clergy and laity-do not always view their members as part of volunteer programs. In this article, the types of positions for which volunteers seem suited, the motivations of people who volunteer, and the accountability to a variety of stakeholders are considered in light of the professionalization of volunteer management. A case example illustrates the “quiet caring” that occurs when senior volunteers perform their roles from a congregational base, and the implications of changes in these roles as faith-based and community initiatives emerge. © 2004 by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved.},
	author_keywords = {Accountability; Congregations; Motivation; Volunteer management; Volunteerism},
	correspondence_address = {N.L. Macduff; Macduff-Bunt Associates, Walla Walla, WA, 99362-3235, 925 “E” Street, United States; email: mba@bmi.net},
	issn = {10502289},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Journal of Religious Gerontology},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Godbey199820,
	author = {Godbey, Geoffrey},
	title = {Influence in Canadian national sport organizations: Perceptions of professionals and volunteers},
	year = {1998},
	journal = {Journal of Sport Management},
	volume = {12},
	number = {1},
	pages = {20 – 38},
	doi = {10.1123/jsm.12.1.20},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-20144374582&doi=10.1123%2fjsm.12.1.20&partnerID=40&md5=99f4d7edbef07b08c85b363be2525a0e},
	affiliations = {School of Hotel, Restaurant, and Recreation Management, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States},
	abstract = {The literature suggests that the professionalization of sport has resulted in erosion of the decision-making power of volunteer administrators. However, little research has examined the extent to which volunteer and paid administrators may differ in their perceptions of influence in decision making. The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceptions of influence in organizational decisions and to determine if they were related to decision areas at the board level in Canadian National Sporting Organizations. Results indicated that influence in decision making was not perceived as reciprocal; some areas of decision making were perceived to be the domain of either the professionals or volunteers; and professionals wanted the relationship to be more equal. Implications include the consequences for volunteers as the more dependent partner in the relationship, the potential for improved organizational decision making, and the recognition that the policy development/implementation split between volunteers and professionals may be too simplistic. © 1998 Human Kinetics Publishers, Inc.},
	publisher = {Human Kinetics Publishers Inc.},
	issn = {08884773},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. Sport Manage.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 46}
}

@ARTICLE{Chelladurai1991126,
	author = {Chelladurai, P. and Haggerty, T.R.},
	title = {Measures of organizational effectiveness of Canadian national sport organizations.},
	year = {1991},
	journal = {Canadian journal of sport sciences = Journal canadien des sciences du sport},
	volume = {16},
	number = {2},
	pages = {126 – 133},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0026180352&partnerID=40&md5=88e89cae8ece88261fd1c3773f07e63d},
	affiliations = {Faculty of Physical Education, University of Western Ontario., Canada},
	abstract = {This study of national sport organizations (NSOs) investigated the interrelationships among (a) administrators' perceptions of the effectiveness of the processes of organization, decision making, and personnel relations; (b) administrators' job satisfaction; and (c) Sport Canada ratings of NSOs in high performance, domestic sport, and combined categories. The subjects, 153 volunteer and 84 professional administrators of the 51 NSOs in Ottawa, were grouped on the basis of work status (volunteer/professional) and Olympic status (Olympic/non-Olympic). The four subgroups did not differ in levels of job satisfaction. Volunteer administrators viewed their respective NSO's processes more favourably than did the professional administrators. Higher ratings of decision making and personnel relations related positively to higher levels of job satisfaction. There was minimal association between Sport Canada ratings and administrators' job satisfaction or their perceptions of process effectiveness.},
	keywords = {Administrative Personnel; Canada; Decision Making, Organizational; Efficiency; Humans; Job Satisfaction; Ontario; Organizational Objectives; Organizational Policy; Organizations; Personnel Management; Sports; administrative personnel; article; Canada; human; job satisfaction; organization; organization and management; personnel management; policy; productivity; sport},
	issn = {08331235},
	pmid = {1647858},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Can J Sport Sci},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 38}
}

@ARTICLE{Gentry1995190,
	author = {Gentry, D. and Rundall, T.G.},
	title = {Staffing in AIDS service organizations: The volunteer contribution},
	year = {1995},
	journal = {Journal of Health and Human Services Administration},
	volume = {18},
	number = {2},
	pages = {190 – 204},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0029555478&partnerID=40&md5=e8c39b3afeab5e61c401922d28f642cd},
	affiliations = {University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States},
	abstract = {This article reports results from a survey of AIDS service organizations (ASOs) that provide medical and social services to people with AIDS in the Oakland, California, area. The survey was designed to assess organizational and staffing characteristics of ASOs. Forty-two of sixty-seven (62.7% response rate) ASOs responded, providing detailed data on their staffing patterns. ASOs that provided social services reported 48.5 percent of their total full-time equivalents (FTEs) as volunteers while medical organizations reported only 9.5 percent of their total FTEs as volunteers. Among the social service providers, ASOs that self-identified as private, non-profit community-based organizations (CBOs) reported greater than half (50.8 percent) of their total FTEs as volunteer staff. All CBOs that reported utilizing more than five volunteer FTEs were AIDS-specific providers and had designated a full-time, paid staff position as volunteer coordinator/director.},
	keywords = {acquired immune deficiency syndrome; article; health care organization; manpower; medical staff; patient care; performance; social work; United States; volunteer},
	publisher = {Southern Public Administration Education Foundation, Inc},
	issn = {10793739},
	coden = {JHHAE},
	pmid = {10157320},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {J. HEALTH HUM. SERV. ADM.},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 1}
}

@ARTICLE{Aakko2008127,
	author = {Aakko, Eric and Weed, Nathan and Konrad, Richard and Wiesman, John},
	title = {Rethinking volunteer management using a centralized volunteer staging and training area},
	year = {2008},
	journal = {Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness},
	volume = {2},
	number = {2},
	pages = {127 – 129},
	doi = {10.1097/DMP.0b013e31816476a2},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-70350176623&doi=10.1097%2fDMP.0b013e31816476a2&partnerID=40&md5=ce96c5bd05e94b5f30feaabcbd130b46},
	affiliations = {CDPHE, Denver, CO 80246, 4300 Cherry Creek Dr, United States; Region IV Public Health, Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, United States; Region IV Public Health; Clark County Public Health},
	abstract = {Public health agencies simply do not have enough trained staff or volunteers to effectively respond to a large-scale disaster. Training volunteers "off the street" will be crucial- but time consuming-in a public health emergency. A centralized volunteer staging and training area can help to efficiently register, credential, and conduct just-in-time training of volunteers, while reducing stress, confusion, traffic congestion, and security issues at various mass dispensing clinics. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2008;2:127-129). © 2008.},
	author_keywords = {Just-in-time training; Mass clinics; Point of dispensing; Volunteer management},
	keywords = {Disaster Planning; Emergencies; Humans; Personnel Management; Personnel Selection; Public Health; Voluntary Workers; article; disaster planning; education; emergency; human; manpower; methodology; organization and management; personnel management; public health; voluntary worker},
	correspondence_address = {E. Aakko; CDPHE, Denver, CO 80246, 4300 Cherry Creek Dr, United States; email: eaakko@state.co.us},
	issn = {193844X},
	pmid = {18525376},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Disaster Med. Public Health Preparedness},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 7}
}

@ARTICLE{Yoshioka2002265,
	author = {Yoshioka, Carlton F. and Ashcraft, Robert F.},
	title = {Leadership traits of selected volunteer administrators in Canada},
	year = {2002},
	journal = {Leisure/ Loisir},
	volume = {27},
	number = {3-4},
	pages = {265 – 282},
	doi = {10.1080/14927713.2002.9651306},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85024223573&doi=10.1080%2f14927713.2002.9651306&partnerID=40&md5=903eaf7d8fb929c1bfc8dac4117ba4a6},
	affiliations = {Department of Recreation Management and Tourism, Arizona State University, United States; Center of Non-profit Leadership and Management, Arizona State University, United States},
	abstract = {Abstract. This paper examines the leadership traits and qualities of volunteer administrators in Canada. The demographic variables of Canadian volunteer administrators including age, gender, and education were compared to other North American leaders using the Posner and Kouzes' (1988) Leadership Practices Inventory (LPI). Organizational variables of non-profit agencies also were investigated to determine organizational effectiveness of leadership. Results indicated that volunteer administrators belonging to the Association for Volunteer Administration (AVA) exhibit a significant behaviour pattern to practice the actions likely to foster effective leadership related to volunteer management. © 2002/2003 Ontario Research Council on Leisure.},
	author_keywords = {Leadership traits; Organizational effectiveness; Volunteer administrators},
	correspondence_address = {C.F. Yoshioka; Department of Recreation Management and Tourism, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-4905, Box 874905, United States; email: yoshioka@asu.edu},
	issn = {14927713},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Leis. Loisir},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{19965,
	title = {Making it happen: the programme. The multicultural project.},
	year = {1996},
	journal = {Links (New York, N.Y.)},
	pages = {5},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0030258392&partnerID=40&md5=a88781ec9518b373a63640aa61f6b3e5},
	abstract = {Oxfam UK/Ireland's Trading Division has initiated steps to increase the number of volunteers from Black and ethnic minority groups. Carol Schofield, regional volunteers manager for the Midlands, with the support of her manager and colleagues, and of 13 local councils, surveyed shops in English Midland cities. First, the reasons for change, and how such changes would fit into the mission and mandate of the organization, had to be demonstrated. It was found that volunteering in the United Kingdom was traditionally done by White middle class women; before Black women could be convinced to volunteer for Oxfam UK/Ireland, the relevance of charity shop work to their lives currently in Britain would have to be demonstrated. More proactive measures would be needed for approaching ethnic minority communities. Ms. Schofield and colleagues, using the Trading Division's strategic plan, first convinced management to acknowledge that Oxfam UK/Ireland's rhetoric did not conform to reality. Primary and secondary research were used to quantify the costs of lacking custom from local ethnic populations. Nandkumar Jogiya, a Black outreach worker, was appointed by the Trading Division to work on a 2-year pilot project. During the first 6 months, he spoke with youth groups, women's development groups, temples, and others. Response from the Leicaster communities was generous; income increased by 10%, and the amount of donated goods rose by 25%. Ethnic minority volunteers work in the shop, and a young Muslim woman has been recruited to replace Nandkumar when he leaves. Since project research has revealed that 20% of Oxfam UK/Ireland staff are recruited from its volunteer force, it is expected that staff will also be more representative of the percentages of ethnic groups in the UK.},
	keywords = {African Americans; African Continental Ancestry Group; Culture; Demography; Developed Countries; Ethnic Groups; Europe; Great Britain; Health Planning; Ireland; Organization and Administration; Organizations; Personnel Selection; Population; Population Characteristics; Voluntary Workers; Blacks; Cultural Background; Demographic Factors; Developed Countries; Ethnic Groups; Europe; Ireland; Nongovernmental Organizations; Northern Europe; Organization And Administration; Organizations; Population; Population Characteristics; Program Activities; Programs; Recruitment Activities; United Kingdom; Voluntary Workers; African American; article; cultural anthropology; Cultural Background; Demographic Factors; demography; developed country; ethnic group; Europe; health care planning; Ireland; Negro; Nongovernmental Organizations; Northern Europe; organization; organization and management; personnel management; population; population and population related phenomena; Program Activities; Programs; Recruitment Activities; United Kingdom; voluntary worker},
	issn = {08943036},
	pmid = {12347694},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Links},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 0}
}

@ARTICLE{Liao-Troth1999345,
	author = {Liao-Troth, Matthew A. and Dunn, Craig P.},
	title = {Social Constructs and Human Service: Managerial Sensemaking of Volunteer Motivation},
	year = {1999},
	journal = {Voluntas},
	volume = {10},
	number = {4},
	pages = {345 – 361},
	doi = {10.1023/A:1021486408619},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-2342509770&doi=10.1023%2fA%3a1021486408619&partnerID=40&md5=3a7a07728a0902becfe82b586d476d80},
	affiliations = {Public Services Graduate Program, DePaul University, Chicago, IL, United States; Public Services Graduate Program, DePaul University, Chicago, IL 60604, 243 South Wabash Avenue, United States; College of Business Administration, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States},
	abstract = {Managers of volunteers in human service interpret their job and experiences through a cognitive construct grounded in past interactions and experiences. This construct - sensemaking - then guides the managers' perceptions of subsequent interactions with peers, volunteers, and supervisors. Volunteers similarly make sense of their surroundings through cognitive constructions grounded in their own experiences. Unfortunately, managers and volunteers do not always make sense of their surroundings in the same way. Research has demonstrated that supervisors and paid employees may not necessarily agree in their perceptions of such issues as, for example, employee motivation. Such differences can lead to disagreements about the meaning of behaviors and the design of reward systems, eventually compromising organizational performance. In this study, sensemaking of volunteer motivation was assessed from the manager's perspective and compared with a previous study of volunteers themselves. Differences in understanding such a primary question as why volunteers are present can reasonably be expected to have an impact on organizational effectiveness. Interestingly, the predicted outcome of a different sensemaking schema was not supported in either the understanding of motivation or in the relative importance assigned to altruism. Additional attributes of volunteer managers were also considered to determine if sensemaking is driven by environmental factors such as exposure to volunteers, tenure as a volunteer manager, or social roles associated with gender constructs. These additional attributes were not found to significantly affect the process of attribution of altruistic motives.},
	author_keywords = {Sensemaking; Volunteer management; Volunteer motivation},
	correspondence_address = {M.A. Liao-Troth; Public Services Graduate Program, DePaul University, Chicago, IL 60604, 243 South Wabash Avenue, United States; email: mliaotro@condor.depaul.edu},
	publisher = {Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers},
	issn = {09578765},
	coden = {VOLUE},
	language = {English},
	abbrev_source_title = {Voluntas},
	type = {Article},
	publication_stage = {Final},
	source = {Scopus},
	note = {Cited by: 31}
}